13.7米望远镜及3mm振荡器恒温电路的改进

本文介绍了青海站１３７米射电望远镜上３ｍｍ振荡器恒温电路的改进情况。新的恒温电路有别于原来所使用的恒温电路的工作方式。实际使用证明,该电路性能可靠,显著提高了系统稳定性。     

低漂移外腔半导体激光器驱动电路的设计

针对自制的852nm外腔半导体激光器,设计了一套低漂移的外腔半导体激光器驱动电路。通过恒温控制模块控制激光二极管的温度,高稳恒流源驱动激光二极管,外腔温控电路用于外腔的温度控制,高压恒压源控制外腔中压电陶瓷的长度。阐述了各部分电路的工作原理,并为降低激光器的频率漂移对电路做了优化。测试结果显示,1h内激光器频率漂移降为15MHz。     

氢原子钟的数字温控设计

为了实现氢原子钟的数字温度控制,基于温度检测和控制的基本原理设计一套有两级控温(包括氢钟内炉和外炉)的恒温控制系统,温度控制系统主要由电桥电路、模数转换电路、温度计算和比例积分微分(Proportional-Integral-Derivative, PID)控制系统,脉冲宽度调制(Pulse Width Modulation, PWM)输出电路、加热丝组成。在环境温度21℃到25℃时,实现了数字温控系统0.002℃的温度稳定度,证明了数字电路对氢钟控温的可行性。     

一种可编程逻辑器件在原子钟频率综合电路中的应用

针对被动型铷原子频标电路模块中由三极管等数量众多的分立元件搭建的9倍选频放大模拟电路和种类繁多的集成电路搭建的5.3125 MHz综合器电路,给出了数字化电路解决方案。在此新方案中,通过使用一种复杂可编程逻辑器件对锁相环进行编程控制,可以实现对10 MHz参考信号18倍频的精确控制;同时,利用该复杂可编程逻辑器件内部"虚拟"的集成电路对10MHz参考信号进行分频变换可以得到5.3125MHz信号。实际使用证明,这种设计方案具备易于集成、调试简单的优点,在替换原有模拟倍频、综合器功能电路后,成功实现整机锁定,各项性能指标均达到或优于原有水平,使整机向数字化、小型化迈出重要的一步。     

钟房自动时间比对控制器的研制

本文给出了钟房自动时间比对控制器的实用电路和使用情况。     

应用于被动氢钟的简单滤波器实现

在被动型氢原子钟数字伺服电路中,使用FPGA对误差信号进行数字信号处理。设计了一种简单的低通滤波器,与传统的FIR滤波器相比,节省了FPGA的使用资源,并且性能优于传统滤波器,能够很好地应用于被动型氢钟。     

射电望远镜接收机使用PN结隔离中频组件的一些结果

本文叙述了射电望远镜接收机使用 PN 结隔离中频组件时的故障率、高频特性及稳定性,并和介质隔离组件及分立元件电路作了比较。     

哈雷彗星观测望远镜的跟踪电路

本文介绍为适用于观测哈雷彗星而制作的云南天文台HAφA—3四轴望远镜的跟踪电路。跟踪控制电路采用高抗干扰、低功耗的CMOS集成电路;采用步进电机作为驱动器,使跟踪速度方便、连续可调,减少了复杂的机械转动系统,跟踪稳定。实际使用表明,电路可靠、操作灵便,达到预期要求。     

7个天文台站人卫经纬仪静态系统差的检测

给出了中国科学院７个天文台站经纬仪静态系统差的测算结果。根据经纬仪的光学和机械构造,提出一种有１０个误差参数的经纬仪静态系统差模型,又根据星表中的恒星沿赤经基本均匀分布的特点,提出了一种快速查找指定恒温的方法。对于《中国天文年历》中所载的１２１８颗恒星的星表,使用这种快速查找方法,平均只需查找４次即可。     

太阳色球自动照相控制电路

原云台色球望远镜自动照相电路采用220V电磁继电器和一反转线路组成自动照相控制电路,线路复杂,机械触点多,使用日久,动作不协调,随外电压的波动而产生非予定的动作,维修也不方便。为了保证色球望远镜正常工作,必须进行彻底改进。本电路采用晶体管延时和射极耦合单稳电路,结合高灵敏继电器,简化线路。使结构简单,体     

一种CPT频标小体积低功耗温控电路的研制

为满足小型、低功耗被动型相干布居囚禁（coherent population trapping,CPT）原子频标的需要,利用开关电源芯片设计并研制了一种基于电源芯片的温控电路。实验结果表明：与常用温控电路相比,该电路控温能力与其相当,功耗降低25％,体积减少一半。因此,该电路特别适合小型、低功耗CPT原子频标的需要,也为其他需要小型、低功耗温控电路的应用提供了一种可选方案。     

A deeply embedded companion to LKHα198

The region around the Herbig Ae/Be star LkH198 was imaged at 10m with the CAMIRAS camera at the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope and the Nordic Optical Telescope. We discovered a deeply embedded companion 6 north of LkH198, which may be responsible for most of the far-infrared emission in the region and for driving the molecular flow. LkH198 appears point-like at our resolution (FWHM 1.3), excluding an extended envelope of transiently heated small grains as the dominant origin of the mid-infrared excess in that star.     

On polarimetry in solar active regions

High resolved magnetograms ( 3) were obtained 3 hrs before and 1 hr after a 1b flare, respectively, the only bright flare reported for that active region. Careful comparison between both magnetograms shows that the line-of-sight component of the active region magnetic field remains constant. In particular there is no simplification of the rather complicated field structure in connection with the flare. Magnetic flux and field gradients also do not show any variation above the 3 scale. Essential changes, however, were observed after 19 hrs without flare activity. This indicates that evolutionary field changes predominate over flare related variations.     

大统一模型与中子星温度分布的研究

本文根据ＳＵ（５）大统一模型耦合Ｅｉｎｓｔｅｉｎ－Ｙａｎｇ－Ｍｉｌｌｓ－Ｈｉｇｇｓ系统导出的旋转度规解，研究了带电荷、磁荷、ＳＵ（３）色荷的中子星表面温度的分布，结果表明：中子星在坍缩过程中可能出现表面温度的反转；同时发现了中子星的赤道与两极的温度差随着电荷与ＳＵ（３）色荷的增加而减小的规律。     

The investigation of the solar wind transsonic region at meter wavelengths

Radio astronomy experiments designed to probe the interplanetary plasma close to the Sun have been carried out at the wavelength = 2.92 m using the occultation method. The experiments are based on a modification of the occultation method by which the sources, in this case quasars, are used to measure the radial dependence of the apparent source size, the scattering angle (R). The radial dependence of this source size (R) reveals that an anomalous enhancement in the scattering appears at radial distances from about 16 to 30 R , which is associated with the solar wind transsonic region. It is shown by analysis of the theoretical equations that the radial profiles of both the source size (R) and the scintillation index m(R) are consistent in the near solar interplanetary medium (R 40 R ). Combining these two independent applications of the occultation method extends the range of the investigation and provides a powerful new diagnostic of the solar wind transsonic region.     

IRSPEC observations of planetary nebulae

We have obtained infrared spectra of planetary nebulae in the 3.0–3.8 m range using IRSPEC, the ESO grating infrared spectrograph, attached to the 3.6-m telescope. We find evidence of an evolution of the carriers of the unidentified emission bands in the 3 m region, and explain the observed behaviour in terms of ion irradiation from fast stellar wind.Based on observations collected at the European Southern Observatory, La Silla, Chile.Paper presented at the 11th European Regional Astronomical Meetings of the IAU on New Windows to the Univers, held 3–8 July, 1989, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain.     

13mm低温制冷谱线接收系统和星际水分子观测研究

为了开拓短厘米波单天线星际分子的观测和研究,在乌鲁木齐天文站２５ｍ射电望远镜１３ｍｍ低温制冷接收机的基础上,配置了声表面波频谱仪和谱线数据采集系统,组成了１３ｍｍ低温致冷谱线接收机．接收机前端是一个工作在低温２０Ｋ的低噪声放大器,本振是２２ＧＨｚ的锁相源．接收机的平均噪声温度为５０Ｋ．后端是一个宽带的（４０ＭＨｚ）高分辨率（４０ｋＨｚ）的声表波频谱仪．利用这套系统观测了一批已知的水脉泽源,观测系统正常,结果合理．观测结果表明,乌鲁木齐天文站良好的站址和２５ｍ射电望远镜给厘米波段星际分子谱线观测提供了一个很好的条件．     

S vi line ratios in the Sun

R-matrix calculations of electron impact excitation rates in S vi are used to determine the theoretical temperature sensitive emission line ratios and which are found to be up to 30% larger than the earlier results of Flower and Nussbaumer. A comparison of the present data with solar observations from the Harvard S-055 spectrometer on board Skylab implies that the 944.5 Å transition may be blended with lines from species with relatively low ionization potentials, in contrast to the findings of Flower and Nussbaumer. The 712.8 Å transition may also be similarly blended.     

利用地基GPS技术反演武汉地区大气可降水分

利用武汉地区的探空资料和GPS实测数据，对对流层干分量延迟、对流层加权平均温度进行了检验分析．结果表明，对于武汉地区而言，常用的大气干分量延迟模型(SAAS Hopfield and Black)存在着1-2cm的系统误差，这在利用GPS资料估算大气可降水分(PWV)时会引入2-3mm的误差；对流层加权平均温度与常用的Bevis公式也存在着一定的差异，但这种差异对PWV结果影响很小．为此，提出了校正对流层干分量延迟的方法，并利用实测数据对该方法进行了检验．实践证明，这种校正方法基本上可以消除常用干分量模型的系统误差。     

LOST CITY METEORITE: DETERMINATION OF THE TEMPERATURE GRADIENT INDUCED BY ATMOSPHERIC FRICTION USING THERMOLUMINESCENCE

The temperature gradient induced in the Lost City meteorite during its nine-second flight through the atmosphere has been determined from measurements of the variations in the natural TL output of the meteorite with depth below the surface of the specimen. The rate of temperature change decreases about 5 °C per mm in the range of 4 mm to 15 mm below its surface. Although temperatures above 205 °C penetrated only the outer 4 mm of the meteorite, temperatures higher than 120 °C penetrated as far as 20 mm below its surface.