W3(OH)致密HⅡ区磁场研究

本文以W3(OH)为实例,建立了与OH脉泽成协的HII区气体-尘埃壳层的磁场模型,由此可见,致密HII区所在分子云核心中的磁场强度,与分子云核心的分子数密度之间存在指数α=1/2的幂律关系;而在HII区气体-尘埃壳层中,磁场强度与分子数密度之间存在α=1的正比关系,根据讨论可知,与OH脉泽成协的HII区,其气体-尘埃壳层的分子数密度为10~6cm~(-3)量级,磁场强度为几个mG;一旦分子数密度达10~7cm~(-3)量级,OH脉泽便将熄灭。     

ON2西部区域OH1612MHz脉泽的新观测

利用法国巴黎天台的南锡射电望远镜对ON2西部区域OH1612MHz脉泽首次进行观测，观测结果表明，西部区域的OH1612MHz脉泽的辐射频谱为典型的单峰结构。结合模型对西部区域的OH1612MHz脉泽谱线频谱图进行分析和研究。利用薄盘模型。得到相应于ON2西部区域的OH1612MHz脉泽单峰脉泽斑的位置在r=112.5AU,Y=7.6AU,其Keplerian运动速度为Ur=10.6kg/s,V1=-9.4km/s。     

ON2西部区域OH1612 MHz脉泽的新观测

利用法国巴黎天文台的南锡射电望远镜对ON2西部区域OH16 12MHz脉泽首次进行观测 ,观测结果表明 ,西部区域的OH16 12MHz脉泽的辐射频谱为典型的单峰结构。结合模型对西部区域的OH16 12MHz脉泽谱线频谱图进行分析和研究。利用薄盘模型 ,得到相应于ON2西部区域的OH16 12MHz脉泽单峰脉泽斑的位置在r =112 .5AU ,Y =7.6AU ,其Keplerian运动速度为Ur=10 .6km s ,Vt =- 9.4km s .     

御夫座εH_α附近的连续观测

用美国麦克唐纳2.7米望远镜折轴分光仪的Reticon对H_α附近光谱区进行连续18次(3月9日)和6次(3月10日)观测,用计算机绘图和处理,得到了金属线的视向速度,H_α线的轮廓、视向速度、等值宽度的短时标变化.各金属线的视向速度变化很快,但每条线又有不同的变化基点,可以说是“半规则变化”.H_α在紫端有强的发射线,其对应视向速度为-60km/s左右;靠吸收线中心的两侧,各有一条较弱的发射线,对应的视向速度分别为 12km/s和 57km/s,其吸收线中心对应的视向速度为 20km/s左右;H_α的视向速度变化较小.H_α的轮廓变化主要是在两个较强发射的紫翼.对这些结果进行了简要的讨论.     

OH/IR脉泽源的空间运动

本文在“OH/IR脉泽源的空间分布和光度函数”一文的基础上,对其所用的127个已有光学或红外证认的OH脉泽源的空间运动特性进行了分析,找到各类OH/IR脉泽源的视向速度与银河系较差自转运动的偏离以及各种速度分离下源的运动特点,同时利用文[1]所得的已证认OH/IR源的空间真实密度分布,导出了它们的速度分布模型N(l,v)。对与新证认的非IRC红外源(通常是在更长波长上观测到的)成协的OH/IR源发现有一以银心为心的约为50km/s的径向膨胀运动。文章最后对已证认和未证认的OH/IR脉泽源的差别和联系进行了讨论。     

大质量恒星形成区中的H_2O脉泽运动学

大质量恒星形成区内分布着很多类型的脉泽,包括OH,H_2O,CH_3OH和SiO等。利用甚长基线干涉测量(very long baseline interferometry,VLBI)技术多历元观测脉泽,可以在10～100 AU的线尺度上反映年轻星附近的气体运动学特征。在各类脉泽中,H_2O脉泽是亮度最强的脉泽之一,因此是研究大质量恒星形成区外流的极佳示踪天体。H_2O脉泽在不同大质量恒星形成区内主要显示有准直喷流和宽张角外流等运动特征。选取了具有代表性的大质量恒星形成区,如Orion-KL,Cepheus A,W75N(B),G24.78+0.08 A1和AFGL 5142,介绍了H_2O脉泽在这些形成区所反映的气体运动学特征,及其与大质量恒星演化之间的关系。     

IRAS 10173+0828的翘曲拱核环中的 OH超脉泽

对IRAS 10173+0828的拱核环中的OH超脉泽进行MERLIN§高分辨观测,得到了拱核环为翘曲的证据,同时得到了10个速度通道中OH超脉泽的等强度轮廓线向东西方向延伸的角尺寸与其相应速度通道中峰束流量密度成正相关关系.     

银河系恒星形成区的OH,H2O脉泽

本文对银河系恒星形成区的OH和H_2O脉泽的观测、研究的各个方面:形态特征、生成区域、运动状况、时变性质、物理环境和脉泽产生机制,作了简要的综述。     

河外H_2O超脉泽源的观测特性

研究了至今为止已发现的 2 0个河外H2 O超脉泽源的观测参数。多数河外H2 O超脉泽源的光度在几十至几百个L⊙ 之内 ,但TXFS2 2 2 6 - 184源的河外H2 O超脉泽源光度达 6 10 0L⊙ ,它属于射电星系类型 ,主要是由于其谱线轮廓较宽所造成的一种例外情况。所有 2 0个河外H2 O超脉泽源的系统速度约为几百到几千km·s- 1,16个河外H2 O超脉泽源的峰值流量密度小于 1Jy ,但有 4个河外H2 O超脉泽源的峰值流量密度大于 6Jy(6 .2～ 16Jy)。通过对这些河外H2 O超脉泽源的观测参数特征的分析和研究 ,得到这些观测参数之间的相关关系为 :河外H2 O超脉泽源的峰值流量密度的对数分别与系统速度的对数和距离的对数之间存在着反相关关系。而河外H2 O超脉泽源的光度的对数与距离平方和峰值流量密度乘积的对数之间存在着正相关关系     

一个爆发日珥速度场的观测研究

用"多云模型"光谱方法分析1991年3月5日喷泉状爆发日珥的Hα光谱观测资料,导出了该日珥视向速度的二维分布;通过速度场分析,我们探测到日珥喷射速度和旋转角速度随高度的分布,结果表明该日珥的蓝移速度占绝对优势,速度变化范围为8～110km/s,速度分布不均衡、不对称,日珥中部和底部速度较大、顶部速度较小;日珥南边缘的速度梯度比北边缘的更大;日珥的喷射除表现为上升运动外还显示出向着观测者的、平均速度约为50km/s的视向运动;该日珥的旋转角速度约为7×10-4rad/s,两者随高度的变化显示出相反的特征。     

A study of the ultra-compact H-II region NGC 7538-IRS

From an analysis of VLBI observations of H₂CO and OH maser emission in the direction of the ultra-conpact HII region NGC 7538-IRS 1, the following model is proposed: The HII region is surrounded by a thick dusty shell which breaks open at the two poles and there is a bipolar outflow. Around it is a rotating gas/dust ring and matter falls from the ring onto the surface of the HII region. The whole system, HII region and the ring, moves with a sight line velocity of −61.0 km/s inside a large cloud which moves with a sight line velocity of −57 km/s. The H₂CO and OH masers occur near the poles of the HII region and within 0.2 R_HII of the surface. The positions of the H₂O maser and other line sources are discussed in term of this model.     

Investigation of OH and H<Subscript>2</Subscript>O masers in the star-forming region G 188.946+0.886

We present the results of our observations of the maser radio emission source G188.946+0.886 in hydroxyl (OH) molecular lines with the radio telescope of the Nançay Observatory (France) and in the H₂O line at λ = 1.35 cm with the RT-22 radio telescope at the Pushchino Observatory (Russia). An emission feature in the 1720-MHz satellite line of the OH ground state has been detected for the first time. The radial velocity of the feature, V _LSR = 3.6 km s^?1, has a “blue” shift relative to the range of emission velocities in the main 1665- and 1667-MHz OH lines, which is 8–11 km s^?1. This suggests a probable connection of the observed feature in the 1720-MHz line with the “blue” wing of the bipolar outflow observed in this region in the CO line. We have estimated the magnetic field strength for three features (0.90 and 0.8 mG for 1665 MHz and 0.25 mG for 1720 MHz) from the Zeeman splitting in the 1665- and 1720-MHz lines. No emission and (or) absorption has been detected in the other 1612-MHz satellite OH line. Three cycles of H₂O maser activity have been revealed. The variability is quasi-periodic in pattern. There is a general tendency for the maser activity to decrease. Some clusters of H2O maser spots can form organized structures, for example, chains and other forms.     

Evidence for Co-Propagation of 4765- and 1720-MHz OH Masers in Star-Forming Regions

Two star-forming regions Cepheus A and W75N, were searched for the 4765-MHz OH maser emission using the multi-element radio linked interferometer network (MERLIN). The excited OH emission has an arc-like structure of 40 mas in Cep A and a linear structure of size 45 mas in W75N. We also found the 1720-MHz line in Cep A and Hutawarakorn [MNRAS 330 (2002) 349] reported the 1720-MHz emission in W75N. The 1720- and 4765-MHz OH spots coincided in space within 60 mas and in velocity within 0.3 km s^–1 in both targets implying that both maser transitions arise from the same region. According to the modelling by Gray [MNRAS 252 (1991) 30] the 1720/4765-MHz co-propagation requires a low density, warm environment. The masers lie at the edges of H II regions where such conditions are expected.     

AGB后星OH 17.7-2.0附近一个新的弱OH脉泽源

使用澳大利亚Ｐａｒｋｅｓ６４ｍ射电望远镜,在五个不同的位置上观测了ＯＨ１７．７２．０附近的弱ＯＨ脉泽源．发现了一个新的弱ＯＨ脉泽源,其峰值速度为５２．５ｋｍ／ｓ．利用二维Ｇａｕｓｓｉａｎ拟合技术,得到了这个源的最佳拟合位置     

Star formation region in Vela

A star formation region connected with SNO 41 is investigated. The observations of this region were carried out in the ¹²CO (1-0) line and in the 1.2-mm (with SIMBA) with the 15-m SEST mm telescope (Cerro La Silla, Chile). A blue shifted outflow is revealed from the ¹²CO(1-0) observations, while a bipolar outflow is apparent from the 1.2-mm SIMBA image. In CO it seems that a very faint dust envelope around SNO 41 probably exists, which is expanding with a velocity of ∼10.5 km/s. The distance to SNO 41 is estimated as ∼1500 pc. There are outflows also present in 2MASS images. A spiral jet has a condensation (resembling a HH object) at the end. Another jet has a discontinuity and a bow-shock-like structure on it. In 2MASS images there are also spots resembling HH objects. In this region there is also a rather luminous point source (IRAS 08546-4254), which has IR colors typical for an YSO connected with a water maser. The detection of a strong CS (2-1) line emission toward IRAS 08546-4254, with the same velocity as the CO line, shows the existence of a high density core of molecular gas associated to this source. A methanol maser is also associated with that IRAS source. The existence of CS line emission and a methanol maser (at 6.669 Ghz) is an indication of the presence of a very young massive star. It is not excluded that this IRAS source is the center of outflows mentioned above, because this source coincides with the center of the 1.2-mm SIMBA image and also with the place of origin of the jet with bow-shock-like structure. Published in Astrofizika, Vol. 50, No. 1, pp. 5–15 (February 2007).     

对旋涡星系M33的HII区复合体IC133中H_2O脉泽VLBI斑点图的分析

用多重分离的旋转膨胀环模型，分析了旋涡星系Ｍ３３的ＨＩＩ区复合体ＩＣ１３３中的１４个脉泽源斑的ＶＬＢＩ相对位置图，发现这１４个Ｈ２Ｏ脉泽源斑在ＨＩ区复合体盘上成环状，分布在二个不同的旋转膨胀盘环上．同时，也得到这１４个Ｈ２Ｏ脉泽源斑的运动学特性．     

Evidence of Evolution in the Dense Cores in Massive Star Forming Regions

The excitation of H2O masers usually needs very high density gas, hence it can serve as a marker of dense gas in HII region. We selected a sample of H2O maser sources from Plume et al. (four with, and four without detected CS(J = 7-6) emission), and observed them in 13CO(J=1-0) and C18O (J=1-0). C18O (J=1-0) emission was detected only in three of the sources with detected CS(J=7-6) emission. An analysis combined with some data in the literature suggests that these dense cores may be located at different evolutionary stages. Multi-line observation study may provide us clues on the evolution of massive star forming regions and the massive stars themselves.     

A high-resolution radio study of neutral gas in the starburst galaxy NGC 520

We present subarcsec angular resolution observations of the neutral gas in the nearby starburst galaxy NGC 520. The central kpc region of NGC 520 contains an area of significantly enhanced star formation. The radio continuum structure of this region resolves into ∼10 continuum components. By comparing the flux densities of the brightest of these components at 1.4 GHz with published 15-GHz data we infer that these components detected at 1.4 and 1.6 GHz are related to the starburst and are most likely to be collections of several supernova remnants within the beam. None of these components is consistent with emission from an active galactic nuclei. Both neutral hydrogen (H  i ) and hydroxyl (OH) absorption lines are observed against the continuum emission, along with a weak OH maser feature probably related to the star formation activity in this galaxy. Strong H  i absorption  ( N _H∼ 10²² atoms cm⁻²)  traces a velocity gradient of 0.5 km s⁻¹ pc⁻¹ across the central kpc of NGC 520. The H  i absorption velocity structure is consistent with the velocity gradients observed in both the OH absorption and in CO emission observations. The neutral gas velocity structure observed within the central kpc of NGC 520 is attributed to a kpc-scale ring or disc. It is also noted that the velocity gradients observed for these neutral gas components appear to differ with the velocity gradients observed from optical ionized emission lines. This apparent disagreement is discussed and attributed to the extinction of the optical emission from the actual centre of this source hence implying that optical ionized emission lines are only detected from regions with significantly different radii to those sampled by the observations presented here.