浅谈山西省大同市新荣区白山-弘赐堡石墨矿地质特征、矿床成因及开发经济意义

通过对大同市新荣区白山—弘赐堡一带石墨矿地质背景、地质特征、矿床成因分析,认为本区石墨矿体赋存于中下太古界集宁群右所堡组下段,其成因属于沉积变质型矿床.本区石墨矿成矿条件好、矿石质量较佳,矿石储量巨大,为一特大型石墨矿床,具有很好的找矿和开发前景.     

莱阳市西徐格庄地区石墨矿床地质特征及找矿远景分析

西徐格庄石墨矿地处鲁东中部地区,属“区域变质型”晶质石墨矿床。可划分5条含矿带,共圈定石墨矿层20个,其中主矿层2个,倾向SE,倾角46°～82°,矿床平均品位2.93%,矿石类型主要为含黑云变粒岩型。本文通过对区内成矿地质背景、矿床地质特征、矿体特征、矿石特征等进行了分析,探讨了石墨矿成因,总结了找矿标志,对区内石墨矿找矿前景进行了分析,为今后该地区的石墨矿勘查提供借鉴。     

大同七里村石墨矿地质特征及找矿标志

分析了七里村石墨矿含矿岩系特征、矿体特征、矿石质量特征、矿石类型及品级等,并对其矿床成因进行了研究。得出了该矿区主要有两点找矿标志:第一,在露头区直接寻找含石墨的变质岩;第二,在覆盖区根据地球物理电法的测量成果于高激化、低阻异常区进行工程揭露。矿床成因类型为沉积变质型石墨矿石,工业类型为晶质石墨矿石。     

方城金红石矿带五间房矿床地质特征

方城五间房金红石矿为“火山沉积变质型”矿床。矿床赋存于元古代宽坪群绿片岩中,矿床由层状矿体组成,矿层产状与地层产状一致,矿石类型简单,矿石质量较好,尤其是粗粒级金红石矿具有良好的可选性。因此,该矿床的探明及研究不仅为我省钛工业的发展做出了贡献,而且为以后在北秦岭宽坪群绿片岩内寻找同类型矿床提供了资料依据。     

论五台县五台山铁矿矿床成因及找矿标志

通过对山西省五台县五台山铁矿矿床特征、矿石特征、矿床成因及找矿标志的综合分析,得出了本区矿床成因类型为火山沉积变质铁矿床,并提出了三条有利的找矿标志。     

山东省兰陵县小闫庄铁矿床地质特征及找矿方向

小闫庄铁矿位于鲁西苍峄铁矿带中部,属"鞍山式"沉积变质型铁矿床,矿体隐伏于地下90~403m,赋存于新太古代泰山岩群山草峪组地层中。矿床由2个矿体组成,矿体呈鞍状、似层状近平行产出,矿体的展布受石闫背斜控制,走向NW,倾向S或N,倾角33°~52°。含矿岩石为磁铁角闪石英岩及磁铁石英角闪岩,黑云变粒岩与黑云角闪片岩为矿体顶底板围岩,矿石工业类型为需选弱磁性贫铁矿石。在阐述小闫庄铁矿床地质特征基础上,总结出铁矿找矿标志,建立了预测找矿模型,探讨了矿床成因,为区域内寻找同类型铁矿具有一定借鉴意义。     

山东省东平县大高庄铁矿床地质特征及矿床成因

大高庄铁矿属"鞍山式"沉积变质型铁矿床,矿体隐伏于地下40~48 m,赋存于泰山岩群山草峪组地层中,岩性为磁铁角闪石英岩,矿床由3个矿带9个矿体组成,其中Ⅰ-1为主矿体,矿床平均品位TFe 30.09%,m Fe 22.51%。矿石工业类型为需选弱磁性贫铁矿石。通过对大高庄铁矿地质特征及矿床成因进行分析研究,对今后寻找同类型铁矿以及选择有效合理的勘探方法和手段具有重要意义。     

山东平度闫村石墨矿岩石学特征及找矿标志

闫村石墨矿为赋存于古元古代荆山群陡崖组徐村段含石墨变质岩系地层中的区域变质型矿床,属角闪岩相—麻粒岩相,是中深变质作用的产物。在系统采集石墨矿石样品的基础上,对石墨矿石样品进行了化学成分、矿物组成、结构构造、矿物共伴生关系、石墨结构等较为系统的研究。结果表明：矿石中有用组分固定碳含量2.74%～5.36%,平均3.34%,还含有SiO2,TiO2,Al2O3,Fe2O3,FeO,MnO,MgO,CaO等;矿石矿物为石墨,脉石矿物为石英、钾长石、白云母、透辉石、透闪石、黄铁矿、黄铜矿等。越靠近地表,矿石中黏土矿物含量越高,矿物组成越复杂;石墨片径一般在0.2～1.0mm,个别大径达1.2mm,片厚0.03～0.05mm。石墨片受力程度不同,局部有破碎和揉皱现象、泥化现象。闫村石墨矿属于区域变质型矿床,具有明显的找矿标志,赋矿层位、构造位置、岩性特征、岩石类型、地球物理特征,均是寻找该类石墨矿的良好标志。     

山东省汶上县檀家楼铁矿矿床地质特征及找矿前景

檀家楼铁矿床位于山东省汶上县城北,地处东平-汶上铁矿带南段,属"鞍山式"沉积变质型铁矿床。可划分出磁铁矿化带5条,矿体均赋存于泰山岩群山草峪组中,共圈定出磁铁矿体21个,其中主矿体4个,倾向W,倾角65°～82°。矿床平均品位TFe 27.22%,mFe 17.65%。通过对檀家楼地区铁矿地质特征研究,大致查明了檀家楼铁矿床矿体的形态、产状、分布、厚度、矿石特征等。根据矿床成因、类型、矿床特点等,认为檀家楼地区铁矿找矿标志有地球物理、地层、矿体的赋存特征等3个主要标志。檀家楼矿区矿石品位普遍偏低,因此划分出较多的矿体,部分矿体不连续。     

广西黄凌石墨矿地质特征及成因探讨

文章介绍广西黄凌石墨矿产于一套低角闪岩相—绿片岩相的区域变质岩系中。区内已发现5个石墨矿(化)体,呈似层状产出,其产状与围岩一致。该矿点是广西新发现的首个区域变质型石墨矿。通过对黄凌石墨矿的地质特征及成因分析,认为该区有中型石墨矿床的找矿前景,为今后在桂东南地区找类似石墨矿提供参考。     

山东省东平县大牛地区铁矿成因类型及找矿方向研究

大牛地区铁矿位于汶上东平铁矿成矿带中北部。区内第四系广布,以临沂组为主,含矿地层为隐伏新太古代泰山岩群山草峪组磁铁角闪石英岩。基底构造线方向为NW 310°,褶皱构造、断裂构造均较发育,其规模不等,矿体受一定程度破坏。矿石自然类型为细粒条带状、条纹状磁铁角闪石英岩型,一般与顶底板岩石（黑云变粒岩）界线分明,沿走向与倾向常见夹石（层）且具分支复合现象,总体属有限延伸的板状矿体,主要控矿因素为地层、区域构造和区域变质作用,成矿类型为沉积变质型铁矿。     

Geological features and genesis of Gaotaigou borate deposit, Jilin, China

Gaotaigou borate deposit in Ji'an area, southeastern Jilin, is located in the easten end of Liaoning-Jilin (Liaoji)Proterozoic paleo-rift, which is a medium-sized deposit and makes up 67% of the total borate reserves in Jilin Province.The original borate ore bodies were formed by sedimentary exhalative process in Paleoproterozoic, but were activated and enriched by later metamorphism. In late stage of metamorphism, hydrothermal fluid of metamorphic origin made wallrocks be altered and the borate ore bodies be reformed. Ore bodies are strictly controlled by strata and their lithologies. In addition, the shape and spatial distribution of ore bodies are also defined by the Gaotaigou syncline. Combined with the ore-controlling factors and mineralizing features, it has been proposed that Gaotaigou borate deposit is a metamorphosed and hydrothermally altered sedimentary exhalative deposit.     

山东平度刘戈庄石墨矿地质特征及找矿标志

刘戈庄石墨矿为赋存于古元古代荆山群陡崖组徐村段含石墨变质岩系地层中的沉积变质型矿床,严格受地层层位控制,含矿岩性为石墨黑云斜长片麻岩、石墨透辉变粒岩、石墨透闪透灰岩,变质相达麻粒岩相,经历多期区域变质作用形成。该文采用最新成矿理论,对典型矿床的构造背景、物质来源进行了研究,确定了刘戈庄石墨矿矿床成矿模式,对利用该模式进行石墨矿成矿预具有一定的指导意义。     

兖州市颜店矿区洪福寺铁矿床地质特征

洪福寺铁矿床处于济宁磁异常的北端,为隐伏矿床,埋深1000 m左右,赋存于新太古代济宁岩群浅变质岩中。该矿床发育11个铁矿体,矿体呈层状、似层状产出,产状与地层产状基本一致,探明的铁矿石资源量6.22亿t,平均品位TFe28.42%,mFe20.96%。矿床规模大、埋藏深,矿体形态和结构较简单,厚度较稳定,品位变化不大,矿石属于需选贫铁矿石。该矿床的勘探表明了分布于鲁西地区的新太古代济宁岩群存在较大规模的变质沉积铁矿,为该地区铁矿勘查开阔了空间。     

辽宁省铅锌矿床成矿作用研究

辽宁省铅锌矿床,根据其形成背景及物质来源可划分出岩浆热液型、矽卡岩型、陆相次火山热液型、变质海相火山热液型、变质同生沉积型、同生沉积－变质热液再造型、沉积－变质－岩浆热液叠加改造型、盆地热卤水型等８种类型。矿床特征显示出铅锌矿床的形成大多明显地受到了太古代绿岩带及早元古代以来碳酸盐岩地层的控制;在成因上多与优地槽环境下的海底火山活动、地壳深部的热环流作用及活化地台上的岩浆活动有关。铅锌矿床的成矿作用受到了太古代—早元古代地槽形成到回返、中元古代初期地台形成到坳拉谷产生及中生代地台活化三个大地构造发展阶段的影响,同时早古生代中期吉黑地槽系的强烈活动也对地台北缘凡河凹陷内的铅锌矿床的形成起到了明显的控制作用。矿床成因模式受不同大地构造发展阶段的影响而具有明显的演化规律,由太古代末期的变质海相火山热液矿床,早元古代变质同生沉积矿床、变质热液再造矿床,到早古生代中期的盆地热卤水型矿床,最终演化成中生代的岩浆成因型（热液型、矽卡岩型、陆相次火山热液型）矿床及叠生矿床。     

Geology and geochemistry of Huanggangliang stratabound skarn deposit in Inner Mongolia, China

Over the recent three decades,exploration of a large-size Sn-Fe polymetallic ore deposit at the Huanggangliang, the Da Hinggan Mountains, Inner Mongolia, China, has been largely focused on the premise that the mineralization represents epigenetic magmatic hydrothermal ore deposit in genetic connection with the Mesozoic magmatism. The Huanggangliang Sn-Fe polymetallic ore deposits occurred in Permian strata, with siltstone/marble of the Zhesi Formation and spilite/andesite/tuff of the Dashizhai Formation. The characteristics of geological and geochemical data demonstrated that sedimentary hydrothermal mineralization occurred during the basin evolution at the Permian, rather than representing epigenetic magmatic hydrothermal genesis with the following evidences. The ore-bearing skarns are stratiform with underlying metasedimentary rocks and overlying volcanic sedimentary rocks. Sedimentary hydrothermal textures and structures are observed in the stratabound ore-bearing skarn such as bedded-laminated skarn and magnetite ores with small-size folding or soft deformation, synsedimentary breccia of skarn and magnetite ores and concentric shell structure of magnetite ores. So the stratabound ore-bearing skarns associated with magnetite ore and micro-disseminated tin, are peculiar examples of exhalite. The REE contents of the stratabound ore-bearing skarns display ΣLREE-rich (36.91×10-6) but ΣHREE-depletion (6.42×10-6), with positive Eu anomaly (Eu/ Eu 1.28) and negative Ce anomaly (Ce/Ce 0.88), which is totally different from REE pattern of the Huanggang magmatic rocks(with ΣREE 277.73×10-6, ΣLREE 220.24×10-6, ΣHREE 57.49×10-6, Eu/Eu 0.06, Ce/ Ce 1.52), which is comparable with modern sea-floor hydrothermal fluid,sedimentary hydrothermal ore deposit and associated hydrothermal sedimentary rocks. Calcite samples with δ13CPDB from -5.400 ‰ to -4.397 ‰ and δ18OSMOW from 9.095 ‰ to 9.364 ‰ in the stratabound ore-bearing skarns show sedimentary hydrothermal genesis of the Huanggangliang deposit. This proposition is useful not only for interpretation of the genesis of the Huanggangliang large Sn-Fe polymetallic ore deposit but also significant for mineral exploration in the area especially for finding large deposits caused by sedimentary exhalative mineralization processes.     

Geological features and genesis of Gaotaigou borate deposit, Jilin, China

Gaotaigou borate deposit in Ji'an area, southeastern Jilin, is located in the easten end of Liaoning-Jilin (Liaoji) Proterozoic paleo-rift, which is a medium-sized deposit and makes up 67% of the total borate reserves in Jilin Province. The original borate ore bodies were formed by sedimentary exhalative process in Paleoproterozoic, but were activated and enriched by later metamorphism. In late stage of metamorphistn, hydrothermal fluid of metamorphic origin made wallrocks be altered and the borate ore bodies be reformed. Ore bodies are strictly controlled by strata and their lithologies. In addition, the shape and spatial distribution of ore bodies are also defined by the Gaotaigou syncline. Combined with the ore-controlling factors and mineralizing features, it has been proposed that Gaotaigou borate deposit is a metamorphosed and hydrothermally altered sedimentary exhalative deposit.     

平顶山市高岭土资源概况及其开发建议

平顶山市的高岭土矿主要为沉积型，可分为瓷土型、焦宝石型、木节土型等三类，产于石炭系、二叠系中。该文介绍了平顶山市高岭土矿的地质、矿石、矿物组成、化学成分、工艺物理性能等特征及其应用前景，并提出了合理开发利用高岭土矿的建议     

煎茶岭硫化镍矿床矿石组分特征及其赋存状态

采用高精度的新一代ICP-MS分析技术。依据新的研究思路和方法，在详细分析研究煎茶岭硫化镍矿床矿石组分特征及其赋存状态的基础上，进一步探讨其成矿作用机制和成因类型。研究认为，煎茶岭硫化镍矿床矿石主要组分为Ni，Cu，Co，Fe，S．PGE等，其高的Ni／Cu，低的Cu，PGE含量值反映该矿床为高镁岩浆演化的产物。矿石可分为磁黄铁矿一镍黄铁矿型和黄铁矿一针镍矿一辉镍矿型两类．并以前者为主，表明该矿床的形成至少经历了早期岩浆成矿和晚期热液变质改造成矿两个阶段，应属于岩浆熔离一热液改造成因类型。矿石中的镍主要以镍黄铁矿、紫硫镍铁矿、针镍矿和辉镍矿等独立镍矿物存在；镍有3种赋存形式。以硫化镍为主，硅酸镍、硫酸镍少量。在煎茶岭超基性岩上升侵位过程中，随着岩浆的演化分异先于新元古代在岩体边缘或内部形成镍矿床，而后于印支一燕山期在岩体接触带形成金矿床，官们是在统一的与幔源超基性岩有关的成矿系统中形成的具内在成因联系的成矿系列．     

山东省韩旺条带状铁矿床地质特征及其成矿地质条件分析

山东省沂源县韩旺铁矿是华北克拉通一大型条带状铁矿床,铁矿层赋存于新太古代泰山岩群雁翎关组上部的变质岩系中。矿体规模较大,断续延伸近8 000m,单矿层厚度一般1～25m。矿体总体呈单斜层状产出,矿石为硅质和铁质相间排列构成的条纹—条带状构造。含矿岩性主要为含磁铁斜长角闪片岩、含磁铁石英角闪片岩及片麻岩类,原岩属于中基性的火山岩和火山沉积岩类。结合近些年来国内外学者在研究前寒武纪BIF铁矿年代学、同位素地球化学与成矿作用方面取得的最新进展,认为韩旺铁矿沉积成矿时代为～2.6Ga,矿床形成于海洋化学沉积环境,成矿物质来源具有明显的火山物质贡献特征,矿床的形成与华北地区太古宙克拉通化形成的稳定沉积环境以及微生物的参与是密不可分的。