渤中凹陷西洼中央构造带新近系油气差异富集主控因素及成藏模式

为了揭示渤中凹陷西洼中央构造带新近系油气差异富集规律,分析古隆起的发育特征、断层活动性、断—砂耦合接触关系及断层侧封条件,明确新近系油气差异富集的主控因素。结果表明:古隆起发育控制油气的宏观分布,其汇烃效率的强弱决定油气平面富集程度。断层活动性控制油气富集层位,主成藏期油源断层断距大于150m,断层活动速率大于10m/Ma,断层生长指数呈渐衰转盛型与直线上升型,油气主要富集于明下段;反之,油气主要富集于馆陶组,断砂耦合接触关系控制明下段油气的富集,复合型接触关系的砂体运移效率最高。馆陶组的油气富集主要受控于断层的侧封条件,当断层泥比率大于0.3时,断层侧向封堵性较好。建立的"断隆联控、差异富集"油气差异成藏模式,可有效指导渤中凹陷西洼的油气勘探部署。     

南堡凹陷3号构造中—深层两期断裂特征及其对油藏的控制

基于三维地震资料解释和构造几何学,研究南堡凹陷3号构造中—深层两期断裂的油藏的控制作用。结果表明:南堡凹陷3号构造中—深层具有构造体系转换界面和构造反转界面,沙河街组顶部是构造体系转换的关键界面,早期以北东向伸展为主,晚期以南北向伸展兼右旋走滑为主;南堡凹陷3号构造主断层具有长期发育、旋回式活动特征,东西向断层具有活动时间晚、强度稳定特征,存在3类区域构造样式和12类局部构造样式;沙河街组一期断裂影响程度较小,造成深部断层具有较好的断层封闭性,而东营组二期断裂向下断入沙河街组一段内且与砂体连通,在伸展期极易开启并造成油气沿着浅部断层向上运移,深部油气聚集成藏非常有利,也为油藏聚集的有利场所。     

珠江口盆地恩平凹陷北部隆起区油气远源富集与主控因素

珠江口盆地恩平凹陷北部隆起区的油气勘探始于20世纪70年代, 历经20多年反复探索一直未获得商业发现。近年来, 恩平凹陷北部新近系油气勘探接连取得重大突破, 逐渐成为勘探的热点地区。勘探实践表明远源富集成藏是恩平凹陷北部隆起区新近系油气成藏的重要特征。首先, 侧向断开控洼边界且深入洼陷内部的长期活动断裂体系是恩平北带油气能够大规模向北运移的关键因素; 这类断裂早期控制陡坡带文昌组物源供给, 晚期继承性活动切穿文昌组仓储砂体及烃源岩, 使文昌组烃源岩生成的油气通过油源断裂垂向调节至中浅层新近系储层中; 其次, 油气经过侧向穿断面运移后, 能继续沿断层对盘的构造脊往高部位汇聚, 使油气能够向北远距离运移并富集成藏。油源断裂、仓储砂体与构造脊的耦合是恩平凹陷北部隆起区远源油气富集的关键因素, 同时暗示深层文昌组仓储砂体的巨大勘探潜力。恩平凹陷北部隆起区具备油气远源富集成藏的条件, 在目前已获突破的区域继续向北仍发育较多构造圈闭, 为新近系油气勘探的潜力区带。      

珠江口盆地恩平凹陷新近系油气成藏主控因素分析

通过分析恩平凹陷新近系油气成藏背景及已钻目标的油气展布特点,探讨了新近系油气成藏的主要控制因素。研究表明:新近系油气主要来自文昌组烃源岩,且沿主力生烃洼陷展布,集中在EP17洼南部缓坡带;6套区域海泛泥岩盖层控制油气的纵向分布,下韩江组及珠江组是新近系主力含油层段。基底不整合面及文昌组整体南倾,决定了油气的优势运移方向;“接力式”运移模式通过不整合面、区域性砂体、多期“中转站”及次级断层的复合输导,成为新近系油气运移的主要方式。二级构造带决定烃源岩排烃后油气运聚的有利区带,是油气主要的汇聚单元;断圈形成期与烃源岩大量排烃期耦合较好,且断层侧向封堵性较好的新近系圈闭油气富集规模大,控圈断裂制约油气的富集程度。      

济阳坳陷青东凹陷古近系沙河街组烃源岩地球化学特征及生烃潜力综合评价

采用有机地球化学方法和盆地模拟技术,结合济阳坳陷青东凹陷古近系沙河街组构造、沉积等方面的研究成果,分析研究区古近系烃源岩的生烃潜力、演化特征等。结果表明:研究区主要存在沙三下亚段和沙四上亚段两套烃源岩,烃源岩具有"北厚南薄"的发育特征,在凹陷中—北部深洼带最为发育,往南厚度变小;烃源岩有机质丰度较高,有机质类型较好(Ⅰ—Ⅱ1),具有良好的生烃物质基础;烃源岩处于低熟—成熟阶段,成熟烃源岩的分布范围有限,主要局限于北部洼陷和中部洼陷的深洼区,但研究区沙四段烃源岩具有形成低熟油的基本条件,为研究区油气聚集创造一定的物质基础。     

渤中凹陷西斜坡新近系油气成藏主控因素及有利勘探方向

近年来,渤中凹陷西斜坡新近系油气勘探相继取得重大突破,成为深入挖潜的重要区带。在对渤中凹陷西斜坡新近系油气分布和油源分析的基础上,总结了该斜坡新近系油气成藏的主控因素。结果表明:源岩发育特征、断裂展布特征以及圈闭类型主控了油气分布;研究区西部多洼共生,沙河街组烃源岩发育,并且被长期活动性油源断裂深切洼陷,为新近系浅层油气成藏提供了优越条件;研究区南部由于缺乏深切沙河街组烃源岩的大断裂,难以将油气运移至浅层,不利于油气聚集成藏。因此,渤中凹陷西斜坡应该遵循"环洼选区、主断控带"的勘探理念,重视次洼周边的勘探,以寻找生烃次洼周边有效的运移断层为工作重点,研究区西北部为新近系油气勘探的有利区带。     

鄂尔多斯盆地彭阳地区侏罗系延安组油气成藏主控因素分析

分析了鄂尔多斯盆地彭阳地区侏罗系延安组油藏成藏特征,并探讨了烃源岩、沉积、储层、构造等成藏主控因素,为寻找该区油气勘探有利区提供参考。结果表明:彭阳地区侏罗系延安组油藏类型为岩性圈闭和构造圈闭,岩性圈闭油藏主要受沉积因素控制,构造圈闭油藏主要受断层圈闭和构造因素控制;延安组烃源岩主要为炭质泥岩及暗色泥岩,有机质丰度较高,侏罗系成藏具有良好的油源条件;侏罗系延9、延8及延7沉积期间发育的三角洲平原分流河道砂体是重要的储集层,河流边滩微相砂体及河道心滩砂体是最有利的储集砂体;侏罗系延安组储层物性越好,含油性越好;侏罗系延安组构造复杂多样,断层和穹窿及小型鼻状隆起等微构造十分发育。综合分析认为,主砂体与有利构造叠合部位形成的构造圈闭和岩性圈闭是最有利的油气聚集区;侏罗系石油勘探重点应在穹窿、鼻隆等构造高点部位与主河道叠合区。     

准噶尔盆地木垒凹陷油气来源及成藏特征

为解决准噶尔盆地木垒凹陷油气来源认识不清、成藏特征不明确问题,应用油源对比技术分析油气源;利用地震、测井和分析化验资料,综合评价生储盖条件、输导体系及圈闭条件。结果表明:木垒凹陷油气来源于二叠系平地泉组烃源岩,二叠系平地泉组深湖—半深湖相暗色泥岩为主力烃源岩,纵向上发育砂砾岩、云质岩和火山岩三类优质储层;受多期构造运动的影响,发育多层系、多类型(构造、岩性和不整合等)圈闭,为油气聚集提供良好的储集空间;断裂和骨架砂体构成立体复合式输导体系。木垒凹陷存在自生自储型和古生新储型两类成藏模式,其中以二叠系平地泉组烃源岩为主要油源的自生自储型岩性油藏和古生新储型构造—岩性油藏,是最有利的勘探方向。     

基于古地貌和断裂控制的辽西低凸起锦州S油田沙河街组沉积体系

为明确辽西低凸起锦州S油田沙河街组沉积相带展布及其控制因素,综合应用岩心、测井和地震等资料,分析古地貌特征、断裂系统展布及其对沉积体系演化的控制作用,确定沙河街组SQ1—SQ4层序沉积相类型,探讨沙河街组沉积体系的演化规律。结果表明:研究区沙河街组发育辫状河三角洲、扇三角洲、湖泊等沉积体系类型;古地貌整体控制沉积体系类型;构造转换带是锦州S油田沉积物的主要运移通道。古地貌较低的C区,以及受转换带二次运移沉积的F、G区发育辫状河三角洲前缘亚相,砂体厚度大,储层质量好,有利于油气富集。该结果为研究区有利相带及优质砂体预测提供参考。     

不同类型断—砂配置输导的油气特征及成藏控制作用

为研究断—砂配置在油气成藏中作用,在断裂带内部结构和输导、封闭油气特征研究的基础上,采用断—砂空间组合和实例分析方法,研究不同类型断—砂配置输导油气特征及成藏控制作用.结果表明:按照断裂和砂体位置关系可将断—砂配置分为砂体位于断裂上盘和砂体位于断裂下盘2种类型,砂体位于断裂上盘又可细分为砂体与水平面夹角大于0°、等于0°和小于0°共3种类型;油气运移方向不同,有利于油气输导的断—砂配置类型不同,当油气沿断裂垂向运移时,只有砂体位于断裂上盘,且砂体与水平面之间夹角大于0°的断—砂配置有利于油气从断裂向砂体中侧向分流输导运移.并且可在断裂附近的正向构造(断背斜、断块、断层遮挡圈闭)上形成油气藏;当油气沿砂体侧向运移时,顺向断裂与砂体的配置有利于油气从砂体向断裂中输导运移,而反向断裂与砂体的配置有利于油气聚集形成断背斜、断块和断层遮挡油气藏.     

Eco-spatial Structure of Urban Agglomeration

In terms of ecological theory, this paper makes a comprehensive analysis of the mutualism and co- evolutionary mechanism between the eco-spatial structure and socio-economic development of the urban agglomeration, and maps out optimized modes of the eco-spatial structure of the urban agglomeration. The analysis is a case study of the urban agglomeration on different levels of global, national, provincial and local scales, on the basis of those conclusions are drawn: 1) Within the scope of the urban agglomeration, the cities should be reasonably sized and appropriately densified; the spatial combination of the urban agglomeration ought to be orderly, and its eco-spatial structure ought to be optimized and efficient; the relationship between the economic society and eco-spatial environment ought to be that of mutual benefit and co-evolution. 2) “The mode of corridor group network” is a certain trend evoked from the spatial structure of urban agglomeration. 3) The eco-spatial structure of urban agglomeration under “the mode of corridor group network” can further increase the environmental capacity of urban agglomeration, and is in favor of the harmonious relationship between man and nature.     

虚拟企业的组织结构设计

作为2l世纪主流企业组织形态的虚拟企业，如何组织设计虚拟企业，无论在理论研究还是在实际应用中都是一个非常重要的问题。从实际出发，介绍了虚拟企业的组织机制，完成了虚拟企业组织结构的详细设计。力求能够为虚拟企业组织的建立探索一种可行的思路。     

贝叶斯网络结构学习方法研究

介绍贝叶斯网络结构学习的两种方法：渐进正确结构学习和启发搜索方法,并重点对最小描述长度测度函数MDL和DGM测度函数进行了分析比较,提出了一个两阶段从数据集中学习贝叶斯网络（BN）结构的有效算法.首先,第一阶段采用以信息论为基础的渐进正确的结构学习方法来有效的搜索可能的网络空间,构造一个候选网络;然后,采用启发搜索的方法来精简这个候选网络.使用这种分两阶段学习的方法比单纯使用一种方法来获取BN结构更精确和有效率.     

关于高维代数族的nef-值态射的结构

设M是有末端奇点的n维正规代数簇，L是M上的丰富线丛,（M,L）的数字有效值为τ=u/v（u、v是互素的正整数），φ：M→X是由（M，L）决定的nef-值态射，F是φ的一般纤维。通过研究τ的取值情况对（M，L）进行分类．给出了当u=n＋1，n时（M,L）和（F，LF）的较完整的分类，推广了一些文献的结果。     

关于高维代数族的nef-值态射的结构

设M是有末端奇点的n维正规代数簇,L是M上的丰富线丛,(M,L)的数字有效值为τ=uv(u、v是互素的正整数),:M→X是由(M,L)决定的nef-值态射,F是的一般纤维。通过研究τ的取值情况对(M,L)进行分类,给出了当u=n+1,n时(M,L)和(F,LF)的较完整的分类,推广了一些文献的结果。     

Research on the spatial structure of karst massif

Eight spatial structure types are determined through morphology, hydrogeology, hydrology and impulse response in karst districts, with the well studied Houzhai subterranean stream in Puding, Guizhou Province as a sample research area. These types contain peak-forest basin, peak-forest laterite platform, resurrected peak-forest basin, old peak-forest-funnel depression, peak-forest-funnel, peak-forest-funnel depression, peak-cluster valley and peak-forest-doline. In the area, each of them has its respective surface and subterranean structural feature, and morphology, hydrogeology, hydrology and impulse response as well. The difference of responses of subsurface system in different spatial structure types are obtained by time series analysis, frequency spectrum research and decline curve calculation of material current. According to the analysis of the aquifer feature, the upper reaches of suburfall stream is dominated by pipeline flow, the lower reaches is characterized by braided fissure flow drainage system and mixed characteristic exists in the middle reaches. The result of the impulse test shows that the large ascending range of stage in the test on swash condition is in fissure system. However, in pipeline type, especially in the subterranean stream where there is waterfall or incomplete fill of underground water, the ascending range of stage is one quantity level less than the impulse range of stage at some fissure types, showing that change range of stage can indicate the spatial structure characteristics of certain area upper the station. The main direction of karst geomorphic evolution there is positive course except in the west area. It can be seen that karst geomorphological evolution direction can change when discharge datum plane influences some part of a relatively large drainage. In certain time unit, the upper reaches are controlled by old datum plane and the lower reaches by new datum plane. Two opposite geomorphological evolution directions can exist in one drainage.     

DETERMINANTS OF STRUCTURE IN AQUATIC NON-PELAGIC PROTOZOAN COMMUNITIES

Although microbes have traditionally been used as models for testing ecological theory, research on the organization of these communities has largely been isolated from other areas of community ecology. Early studies indicated that microbial populations can form dynamic, interacting assemblages. Observations of distributional patterns suggest that certain deterministic forces regulate community structure. It appears that protozoans are tolerant of a wide range of environmental conditions although evidence for this is largely based on gross environmental analyses. Laboratory studies have suggested the importance of negative and positive biotic interactions in determining community membership, but little field evidence for this exists. The importance of transport processes in controlling community composition is being increasingly recognized. All three types of processes likely act to regulate the colonization and successional dynamics of these communities. A simple model is presented to promote the devel     

Selection of environmental conditions for nearshore structure design

1　Introduction　InChina ,coastalcitiesaremostlyregionaleconomicdevelopmentcenters.Becauseoftheirspecialgeogra phiclocations ,typhoonsandassociatedstormsurgescauseheavylossesoflivesandproperties.In 1 992 Qing daowasfloodedduetothecoincidenceoftheastrono m…     

超低温结构在长期预测中的应用

据对流层上层超低温结构与天气演化和降水性质的差别与成都地区降水、旱涝特征进行了形象和数量的对比分析。结果表明：对流层上层 低温是导致天气演化的关键性问题，某种程度上决定了降水性差别而与旱、涝有关。相应的前期累积性超低温较强，对应于汛期（6－9月）的旱情或强对流式降水，超低温较弱则与系统性降水或涝情有关，同时预测1998年成都汛期以对流形式降水为主，无大水灾。     

Research on the spatial structure of karst massif

Eight spatial structure types are determined through morphology, hydrogeology, hydrology and impulse response in karst districts, with the well studied Houzhai subterranean stream in Puding, Guizhou Province as a sample research area. These types contain peak-forest basin, peak-forest laterite platform, resurrected peak-forest basin, old peak-forest-funnel depression, peak-forest-funnel, peak-forest-funnel depression, peak-cluster valley and peak-forest-doline. In the area, each of them has its respective surface and subterranean structural feature, and morphology, hydrogeology, hydrology and impulse response as well. The difference of responses of subsurface system in different spatial structure types are obtained by time series analysis, frequency spectrum research and decline curve calculation of material current. According to the analysis of the aquifer feature, the upper reaches of suburfall stream is dominated by pipeline flow, the lower reaches is characterized by braided fissure flow drainage system and mixed characteristic exists in the middle reaches. The result of the impulse test shows that the large ascending range of stage in the test on swash condition is in fissure system. However, in pipeline type, especially in the subterranean stream where there is waterfall or incomplete fill of underground water, the ascending range of stage is one quantity level less than the impulse range of stage at some fissure types, showing that change range of stage can indicate the spatial structure characteristics of certain area upper the station. The main direction of karst geomorphic evolution there is positive course except in the west area. It can be seen that karst geomorphological evolution direction can change when discharge datum plane influences some part of a relatively large drainage. In certain time unit, the upper reaches are controlled by old datum plane and the lower reaches by new datum plane. Two opposite geomorphological evolution directions can exist in one drainage.