鄂尔多斯盆地渭北隆起中—新生代构造特征及多种能源矿产共存关系

鄂尔多斯盆地渭北隆起蕴藏着丰富的煤、油页岩、石油、铀等能源矿产,多种能源矿产共存与构造特征关系、多种能源矿产协同勘探已成为地学界研究的热点课题。在分析总结多种能源矿产时空分布规律及成因联系的基础上,以构造演化特征为主线,重点探讨了构造运动期次、沉积建造、构造单元特征、褶皱构造与多种能源矿产的关系。结果表明:渭北隆起印支期—燕山早期的成盆-差异升降运动形成了本区稳定的深湖—半深湖相含油页岩与不稳定的沼泽相含煤沉积建造组合;燕山中晚期的构造热事件促使油页岩成熟生烃、煤级升高;燕山期—喜山期的断裂、褶皱构造为油气和富铀低温油水热液运移和成藏提供了通道和富集成矿(藏)的场所;喜山期的抬升冷却和南缘断陷作用使得多种能源矿产共存富集得到了最终保存定位,且统一成矿年龄集中在74~122Ma,稍晚于燕山中晚期的构造热事件。综合考虑地质、经济和技术因素,将彬旬凹陷成矿区划分为4个协同勘探区,并建立了合理的勘探模式。     

鄂尔多斯盆地北部中新生代构造特征及其演化

根据地震、地质等资料,结合野外地质及前人研究成果,对鄂尔多斯盆地北部中生代晚期以来后期改造特征进行了研究。结果表明,盆地周缘和内部在中新生代都受到后期改造作用,周缘存在挤压逆冲推覆和拉张断陷等不同性质的构造改造作用。在盆地北部,盖层中的构造受到了基底断裂的控制,正断层、逆断层和由基底断裂控制的挠曲构造等有规律发育,根据构造的发育特点将盆地北部分为东胜、三眼井、准格尔旗、鄂托克旗、乌审旗—榆林和定边—绥德构造区。自侏罗纪以来,盆地经历了萎缩消亡和周缘逆冲构造带的形成、挤压隆升剥蚀和拉张隆升剥蚀3大构造演化阶段,现今构造是中新生代多期构造作用的结果。     

鄂尔多斯盆地后期改造与砂岩型铀成矿关系

依据鄂尔多斯盆地中新生代地层接触关系、沉积建造、构造变形、主要构造变动事件及同位素测年等资料,对盆地后期改造期次、类型及分布进行了分析。盆地改造作用发生于晚侏罗世以来,可分为晚侏罗世、早白垩世、早白垩世末—古新世、始新世—中新世及中新世末—现今5个阶段,改造形式包括抬升剥蚀、冲断褶皱、叠合埋藏、断陷分隔及热力改造等,并且在空间上有明显的不均一性。盆地后期改造与砂岩型铀成矿的关系密切。提出了晚侏罗世以来多期抬升剥蚀期控制着砂岩型铀成矿作用的发生形成,构造抬升(掀斜)区控制着铀矿的空间展布,而冲断褶皱、叠合埋藏、断陷分隔等改造作用使含矿层变形破坏、深埋或与地下水补给区分割,对铀成矿作用不利。     

西北地区含油气盆地动力学演化

根据石油勘探资料和前人成果,对昆仑造山带以北、贺兰山构造带以西的塔里木盆地、准噶尔盆地、柴达木盆地及阿拉善—河西走廊—中祁连地区的盆地结构进行了分析。结果表明:盆地都赋存在稳定的板块(地块)之上,具有多期叠合与改造特征,不同时期具有不同的盆地类型;震旦纪—早二叠世主要受古亚洲洋构造域控制,以板块(地块)之间的开合与盆地的形成、消亡为特征,中生代为欧亚大陆的组成部分,盆地、山脉的形成受特提斯洋及深部构造背景的影响,新生代受印度板块与欧亚板块碰撞产生的远距离效应,形成了现今盆山构造格局;盆地深部构造与盆地之间的相互作用、盆地深部构造与造山带深部构造的相互作用以及浅层盆地与造山带之间的相互作用构成了西北地区盆地动力学演化的基础;西北地区含油气盆地经历了洋-陆转化和陆内演化两大盆地演化阶段,在两大盆地演化期间,新疆北部、塔里木、柴达木及阿拉善—河西走廊—中祁连地区的盆地形成与消亡改造的关键构造事件具有一致性;受区域大地构造的控制,准噶尔盆地、塔里木盆地以及阿尔金构造带以东地区的沉积建造、构造活动特征存在显著差异,控制了盆地烃源岩发育部位与层系,形成了具有不同特征的古隆起和山前构造带,使得各盆地油气聚集的控制因素也存在差异性。     

鄂尔多斯盆地-高原转型期区域动力学背景

通过分析新生代以来亚洲板块与周邻板块运动学特征、鄂尔多斯盆地区域构造应力场变化及盆地抬升的地质学证据,探讨鄂尔多斯盆地-高原转型期的地球动力学机制.研究结果表明,新生代以来鄂尔多斯盆地-高原转型期的驱动力主要源于印度板块北移、青藏高原隆升和太平洋板块向西俯冲产生的远源波及力.鄂尔多斯盆地抬升的时期主要分为:新生代早期(65～45、45～25) Ma BP,盆地处于缓慢阶段性抬升期;新生代晚期(25～0.78、0.78) Ma BP,盆地处于快速阶段性抬升期,且抬升的频次有逐渐加大的趋势.     

长治山间盆地中新生代构造特征初探

新生代喜马拉雅运动以来,太行山区的长治山间盆地,发育在太行山断裂的西侧,构成盆岭构造地貌.为查明长治山间盆地的地质构造特征,笔者等通过实地调查与盆地内钻孔资料的收集等多种手段,对长治山间盆地的地质构造进行了详细研究,确认长治山间盆地的形成主要受中生代太行山断裂新生代再活动的控制,盆地两侧边界爱NE,NNE向两组构造控制,盆内NE,NEE向断裂较发育,盆地与两侧高原山地间以大的张性或张扭性正断层为边界,以其强烈的差异性垂直升降运动,控制着盆地下陷与两侧高原山地的隆起.     

下扬子盆地与区域地质构造演化特征及油气成藏分析

作者通过对下扬子盆地的发展演化序列，盆地区域构造演化特征及其油气成藏等方面进行了论述，经综合研究分析，认为下扬子盆地发展演化历经了古生代海相沉积成盆期和中新生代陆相堆积成盆期两个截然不同的地质历史阶段。原海相沉积盆地的雏形于中生代印支—燕山运动期间即遭破坏、解体，局部地区保留了某些原海相沉积盆地的残块。由于地质构造作用影响或是因原岩固结作用而散失了有效的排烃能力，故不具备有效的油气保存和储藏的可能。在原海相盆地解体之后出现的中新生代地质构造和沉积建造完全不同于海相盆地的中新生代陆相堆积盆地，其具有独立的生油储蓄组合，是油气成藏的有利的地方。文章还阐明了部—庐断裂带和江—绍断裂带，作为区域地质构造的骨架，它们始终扮演了控制下扬子盆地发展演化全过程的角色，其构造背景与盆地演化背景密切相关。     

塔西地区中—新生代盆-山-原镶嵌构造区:砂砾岩型铜铅锌-天青石-铀-煤成矿系统

塔里木盆地西部地区(简称"塔西地区")中—新生代盆-山-原镶嵌构造区形成了铜铅锌-天青石-铀-石膏-煤-天然气等多矿种同盆共存富集成藏成矿,是中国陆内特色成矿单元。以成矿系统理论和波浪镶嵌构造理论为指导,采用构造岩相学研究方法,对砂砾岩型铜铅锌-天青石-铀-煤成矿系统的物质-时间-空间结构模型进行研究,探索该陆内特色成矿单元内区域成矿规律。按照塔西地区盆-山-原耦合转换不同期次的构造岩相学序列、构造岩相学组合类型、原型盆地和盆地动力学等综合角度,将塔西地区砂砾岩型铜铅锌-天青石-铀-煤成矿系统划分为燕山期铜多金属-铀-煤成矿亚系统、燕山晚期—喜山早期铅锌-天青石-铀成矿亚系统、喜山晚期铜-铀成矿亚系统。它们在物质-时间-空间分布规律上受塔西地区盆-山-原镶嵌构造区挤压-伸展转换过程控制显著。燕山期铜多金属-铀-煤成矿亚系统形成于中生代陆内走滑拉分断陷盆地中,受对冲式厚皮型逆冲推覆构造系统、裙边式复式向斜构造和碱性辉长辉绿岩脉群侵入构造系统等复合控制,形成于盆地正反转构造期并耦合了深部热正反转构造作用。燕山晚期—喜山早期铅锌-天青石-铀成矿亚系统分布在乌拉根晚白垩世—古近纪挤压-伸展转换盆地中,受后展式厚皮型前陆冲断褶皱带、斜歪复式向斜构造和层间滑脱构造带复合控制,砂砾岩型铅锌-铀矿床形成于盆地正反转构造高峰期,而天青石矿床形成于盆地负反转构造期初期。喜山晚期铜-铀成矿亚系统形成于新生代周缘山间咸化湖盆,受前展式薄皮型前陆冲断褶皱带等复合控制。     

宁夏红寺堡盆地隐伏古隆起成因机制及其对区域沙漠化的影响

目前对于青藏高原东北缘活动构造研究多集中于活动断裂带的活动性,而对夹持于其间的沉积盆地构造格架及活动性研究甚少。以夹持于烟筒山断裂与牛首山—罗山断裂之间的宁夏红寺堡盆地为研究对象,采用重力资料重处理解译、音频大地电磁测深(AMT)和地震勘探相结合,揭示红寺堡盆地隐伏构造特征,并进一步采用盆山一体化思路分析隐伏构造的成因机制及其对区域沙漠化的控制作用。结果表明:青藏高原在中新世末发生强烈的NE向推挤、扩展和隆升,红寺堡盆地由坳陷盆地转变为挠曲盆地;在青藏高原NE向扩展的影响下,烟筒山断裂发生强烈的逆冲作用,古生代—中生代基底逆冲于古近系—新近系之上,受构造变形影响的最新地层为中新统彰恩堡组;红寺堡盆地内的隐伏古隆起呈NW—SE向,与烟筒山构造带具有相同的构造动力学背景,受青藏高原NE向扩展影响形成于中新世末,并且至今仍具有活动性;隐伏古隆起周缘断裂的活动破坏了地表稳定性、蓄水能力和地表植被,导致区域沙漠化呈现有规律的NW—SE向带状展布。该研究成果对于宁夏红寺堡盆地区域稳定性评价及沙漠化的综合治理具有现实指导意义。     

鄂尔多斯地块西缘科学山地区叠加变形分析

鄂尔多斯地块西缘科学山地区侏罗系地层发育典型的区域性叠加褶皱,记录鄂尔多斯地块西缘中生代以来主要构造演化过程。在区域性构造分析的基础上,通过野外构造解析,确定了两期构造缩短变形过程;同时运用层间滑动断层运动学分析,结合构造筛分,获得两期同构造缩短变形的挤压构造应力场;综合区域构造与构造年代学,提出科学山地区晚中生代以来两期构造演化过程。中—晚侏罗世(J_2—J_3)受NW—SE向构造挤压作用控制,鄂尔多斯地块西缘科学山地区发生NW—SE向构造缩短变形,形成NE—SW向的褶皱构造与相关的逆冲断层,同时控制了中—上侏罗统沉积。这期构造缩短变形可能是西伯利亚板块向南汇聚与太平洋板块NW向俯冲联合作用的结果。中新世晚期—上新世晚期(N■—N_2)挤压构造应力场转变为NE—SW向构造挤压,导致NW—SE向褶皱构造发育,并叠加在早期NE—SW向构造之上,形成区域性叠加褶皱。区域构造分析表明,这期构造缩短变形是青藏高原NE向扩展的构造响应。上述研究为重建鄂尔多斯地块西缘陆内变形过程提供了重要证据。     

Preliminary study on plasma membrane fluidity of Psychrophilic Yeast Rhodotorula sp.NJ298 in low temperature

The ability of cell to modulate the fluidity of plasma membrane was crucial to the survival of microorganism at low temperature. Plasma membrane proteins, fatty acids and carotenoids profiles of Antarctic psychrophilc yeast Rhodotorula sp. NJ298 were investigated at -3 ℃, 0 ℃ and 8 ℃. The results showed that plasma membrane protein content was greater at -3 ℃ than that at 8 ℃, and a unique membrane polypeptide composition with an apparent molecular mass of 94.7 kDa was newly synthesized with SDS-PAGE analysis; GC analysis showed that the main changes of fatty acids were the percentage of unsaturated fatty acids (C18∶ 1 and C18∶ 2) and shorter chain saturated fatty acid (C10∶ 0) increased along with the decrease of the culture temperature from 8 ℃ to -3 ℃; HPLC analysis indicated that astaxanthin was the major functional carotenoids of the plasma membrane, percentage of which increased from 54.6±1.5% at 8 ℃ to 81.9±2.1% at -3 ℃. However the fluidity of plasma membrane which was determined by measuring fluorescence anisotropy was similar at -3 ℃, 0 ℃ and 8 ℃. Hence these changes in plasma membrane's characteristics were involved in the cellular cold-adaptation by which NJ298 could maintain normal plasma membrane fluidity at near-freezing temperature.     

Information for authors

正1 Aims and Scope Advances in Polar Science(APS)is an international,peer-reviewed journal jointly sponsored by the Polar Research Institute of China and the Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration.APS is a comprehensive academic journal dedicated to presentation of multi-disciplinary achievements in Arctic and Antarctic expeditions and research.Its primary purpose     

JOURNAL OF OCEAN UNIVERSITY OF CHINA

<正>Copyright Submfnion of a roanusatpt inks:that the work described has not been published before(exoept In the form of an abstrW or as part of a published lecture,review,or thesis);that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere that its publication has been approved by ail     

Information for Authors

<正>The Journal of Ocean University of China(Oceanic and Coastal Sea Research)is a comprehensive academic quarterly sponsored by the Ocean University of China,published one volume per year.This journal is devoted to the publication of the theoretical and applied research results on oceanography and marine fisheries.The fieldcovered include the physical,chemical,biological,geo-     

Hydraulics and Hydrology in Mountain Areas

<正>The 35th IAHR World Congress was held in Chengdu,China from September 8 to September 132013.The title of the conference was:"The Wise Finds Pleasure in Water:Meandering through Water Science and Engineering".During the congress,1239 papers were presented in 139sessions for oral presentations and 7 sessions for poster presentations.After the Congress,a Committee was appointed to select some of the best papers presented at the Congress for publication,after a     

Sea ice thickness measurement in spring season in Bothnian Bay using an electromagnetic induction instrument

As an important component of the cryosphere,sea ice is very sensitive to the climate change.The study of the sea ice physics needs accurate sea ice thickness.This paper presents an electromagnetic-induction(EM) technique which can be used to measure the sea ice thickness distribution efficiently,and the successful application in Bothnian Bay.Based on the electromagnetic field theory and the electrical properties of sea ice and seawater,EM technique can detect the distance between the instrument and the ice/water interface accurately,than the sea ice thickness is obtained.Contrastive analysis of the apparent conductivity data obtained by EM and the value of drill-hole at same positions allows a construction of a transformable formula of the apparent conductivity to sea ice thickness.The verification of the sea ice thickness calculated by this formula indicates that EM technique is able to get reliable sea ice thickness with average relative error of only 12%.The statistic of all ice thickness profiles shows that the level ice distribution in Bothnian Bay was 0.4-0.6 m.     

Thermohaline structure inhomogeneity associated with polynia at the northern margin of Emery Ice-shelf

Based on the hydrographic data in austral summer during the 22nd Antarctic Expedition of China(2005/2006),some features can be found about the northern margin of Emery ice shelf as follows.The heat content in the surface layer(0-50 m) at the eastern end and the western end of the ice-shelf margin is much higher than that at the middle.The upper mixing-layer depth and the seasonal thermocline depth at the middle of the ice-shelf northern margin are much shallower than those at the both ends.However there is much less difference between the middle and the ends in the bottom layer.The remote sensing photos show that the inhomogeneity in the surface-layer water is closely related to the spatial distribution of the floes and polynia in the area.     

Phylogenetic analysis of cultivable bacteria isolated from Arctic sea-ice

Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA of 8 strains of cultivable bacteria isolated from Arctic sea-ice was studied.The results showed that strain BJ1 belonged to genus Planococcus,which was a genus of low mole percent G C gram-positive bacteria;strain BJ6 belonged to genus Burkholderia of β-proteobacteria and the rest 6 strain all belonged to γ-proteobacteria,of which strain BJ8 was a species of Pseudoalteromonas,strain BJ2-BJ5 and BJ7 were members of genus Psychrobacter.Phylogenetic analysis also indicated that bacteria of genus Psychrobacter of the isolates formed a relatively independent phylogenetic cluster in comparison with other bacteria belonged to genus Psychrobacter.     

Information for authors

正1 Aims and Scope Advances in Polar Science(APS)is an international,peer-reviewed journal jointly sponsored by the Polar Research Institute of China and the Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration.APS is a comprchensive academic journal dedicated to presentation of multi-disciplinary achievements in Arctic and Antarctic expeditions and research.Its primary purpose is to publish achievements in fundamental research,applied