贵州省贵定县半边街铅锌矿床地质特征及控矿因素分析

文章在简述半边街铅锌矿床地质特征的基础上,从构造、岩性、矿质来源、成矿时代等方面对区内铅锌矿控矿因素进行分析总结,并认为区内铅锌矿床为同生沉积一弱改造型层控矿床。     

中朝古元古代层控铅锌矿床类型及其比较

中朝古元古代层控铅锌矿床属海底喷气沉积铅锌矿床。以地层对比与含矿层位为基础，以铅、硫同位素为重要信息，结合后期地质事件对矿床的影响与矿床主要成矿阶段的不同，将这类矿床划分４个类型：受变质沉积层控铅锌矿床（大栗子式）、受改造沉积层控铅锌矿床（张家堡子式）、变质热液改造型层控铅锌矿床（检德式）和岩浆热液叠生型层控铅锌矿床（青城子式）。从成矿氛围、矿体、伴生矿与共生矿、矿物组合、结构与构造、蚀变、地球化学特征、稳定同位素、成矿物理化学条件、远景评价１０个方面比较，发现它们每一项都是既有相同点，又有相异点，证明了大类型的相同和小类型的差别。     

凤太矿田层控铅锌(铜)矿床的成矿物质来源探讨

秦岭凤太矿田层控铅锌(铜)矿床的金属物质、硫和成矿溶液主要来自深部基底的岩石,属海底喷流—沉积成因矿床。从这一理论认识出发可进一步分析控矿地质条件及今后在该区有效地寻找同类矿床。     

陕西凤县铅洞山铅锌矿床的矿石组构成因意义的分析

本矿床的矿石组构类型可概括为四类:同生沉积组构、成岩组构、后生叠加组构和后期变形改造组构。详细研究表明,以同生沉积和成岩作用形成的组构为主,如浸染状、层纹状、条带状、角砾状构造和莓球状、半自形细粒状结构等,其中部分受到后期构造变形改造、但后生成矿组构极为少见。矿床的地球化学特征研究提供了成矿物质来源于深部地层的信息。因此,从矿石组构特征及成矿物质来源两个方面分析,认为本矿床为海底喷流沉积—成岩弱改造型层控矿床.     

广西上林钒矿床地质特征及控矿因素

文章论述了上林钒矿床的地质特征,分析了控矿因素及其成因类型,认为矿床严格受泥盆系塘丁组中下部层位的炭质泥岩夹薄层含炭硅质岩控制,同时还受台间海槽相古地理控制,为浅海槽盆相近陆带的同生沉积矿床。     

然者涌多金属矿成矿地质背景与找矿评价

通过对成矿地质背景和成矿地质特征的总结和概括,简述其成矿远景,并初析其成矿模式,推断矿床类型为海底火山喷气沉积-热液叠加改造层控矿床。     

大瑶山地区碳酸盐岩型铅锌矿床特征及找矿标志

碳酸盐岩型铅锌矿是大瑶山地区主要的铅锌矿床类型,它是产在局限碳酸盐岩台地,受地层、岩性、沉积相、构造控制的热水沉积改造型层控矿床,具有“层、相、位”共同控矿的规律。文章通过分析该类矿床的地质特征,总结其控矿因素、成矿地质条件及找矿标志,以期对进一步找矿工作有所帮助。     

广西桂平四德-平南官成大型铅锌矿床控矿规律及找矿模式

广西桂平四德-平南官成大型铅锌矿床属于热水沉积改造型层控矿床。通过分析该矿床成因及其层、相、位的共同控矿规律,建立了“地层、沉积相、构造定位、工程验证”的矿床找矿模式,该找矿模式在矿产勘查工作中可借鉴。     

辽宁建昌八家子铅锌矿床的地球化学特征及其成因探讨

八家子铅锌矿床产于中元古界长城系高于庄组含锰白云岩中,矿床明显受地层控制。通过对矿床地质、地球化学特征,含矿围岩和成矿岩体以及成矿元素丰度等方面的研究,该矿床为—沉积—热液叠加的层控矿床,高于庄组是提供成矿物质来源的重要矿源层。     

湖南临武长冲矿区层控型铅锌矿床成因分析及找矿前景

赋层于泥盆系中统棋梓桥组中段含生物碎屑白云岩中的铅锌矿床是近年来在临武长冲新发现的层控型铅锌矿床,作者在综合分析矿床地质特征和成因的基础上,认为前泥盆系矿源层经后期地下水热液或深循环热卤水溶液热液成矿;成矿经历了沉积-成岩阶段和后生交代阶段,属沉积+改造层控矿床。     

威海罗家地区金矿地质特征及找矿方向

罗家金矿为中低温热液黄铁绢英岩型金矿床。矿区NNE向断裂与其他方向断裂交会部位及其附近为金矿有利成矿部位,矿床具分带现象,花岗细晶岩脉与成矿关系密切。矿石类型以黄铁绢英岩型为主,含金石英脉型次之,矿石含金品位较高,并伴生较高的Ag,Cu等有益元素。通过对金矿床的地质特征、控矿因素及矿床成因的研究,在分析找矿标志的基础上,提出应进一步查证物化探异常,加大矿区深部及外围的找矿力度,以期发现新的金矿体。     

内蒙古察哈尔右翼中旗大清河金矿地质特征及成因探讨

内蒙古察哈尔右翼中旗大清河金矿床类型属于变质-热液型中低温矿床,产出于太古代乌拉山群,矿石类型主要为含金硫化物石英脉和蚀变岩型金矿石。本次工作总结了矿体地质特征及分布规律;结合相关元素测试分析及相邻典型矿床地质特征,综合研究认为区内金元素的物源区主要为太古代乌拉山群,其次为岩浆岩;矿床整体形成于古生代末期至二叠纪中晚期,早期成岩成矿作用形成原始矿床或初始矿源层,晚期受二叠纪中晚期多期次热液流体影响,萃取、活化、迁移金元素形成含金热液流体,并在有利成矿部位充填沉淀,成矿严格受二叠纪花岗闪长岩中NE向及NEE向压扭性构造裂隙控制,矿体具有隐伏再现和雁列式侧伏展布特征。     

内蒙古哈达门沟金矿床元素地球化学特征及找矿意义

为了建立有效的地球化学评价指标,对内蒙古哈达门沟金矿床2号脉和13号脉矿石和围岩进行了多元素分析。结果表明,该区金矿化的最佳指示元素为:Au、Te、Ag、Bi、Pb、Se、Mo、Cu、As、Sb,且存在矿化分带现象。稀土元素分析结果表明,深部石英脉矿石的稀土元素含量高,没有明显的Eu异常;而地表含矿石英脉的稀土元素含量低,有较明显的Eu正异常。这些特征可以为该区寻找哈达门沟式金矿提供找矿指标。      

沂沭断裂带中段牛家小河金矿主微量元素特征与地质意义

牛家小河金矿是沂沭断裂带内破碎蚀变岩型金矿的典型代表。通过对牛家小河金矿中矿石、围岩的岩石学特征及其主、微量元素地球化学特征研究发现,矿石NJXH-1富集Fe,Co,Ni等成矿温度较高的成矿元素,矿石NJXH-2相对富集低温成矿元素;沂水岩群成矿元素具有较高的变异系数且分布极不均匀,表明沂水岩群可能是牛家小河金矿的主要矿源层;矿石REE配分曲线均为轻稀土富集型,矿石NJXH-2与沂水岩群的稀土元素分布特征相似,矿石NJXH-2与沂水岩群具有同源性;矿石的Y/Ho特征显示成矿流体可能来自变质热液。综合分析认为,牛家小河金矿可能经历了两期成矿作用,且成矿温度存在一定差异;成矿物质可能来源于沂水岩群和燕山期花岗岩。成矿流体显示弱还原性,变质热液也可能参与成矿作用。     

烟台市牟平区宋家沟金矿床地质特征及找矿方向

胶莱盆地东北缘为胶东东部地区重要金矿成矿区,宋家沟金矿床为该区典型的蚀变岩型金矿床,该矿床的形成与分布受盆地及盆缘断裂的约束和控制,金矿体呈斜列展布,成群成带密集产出,矿体规模不等,品位、厚度及产状变化大。崖子断裂为该金矿床的导矿构造,荆山群及莱阳群为金矿矿源层,盆缘断裂所派生的NE向次级断裂严格控制着金矿体的产出,矿床成因为中温热液脉型金矿床。通过对矿床地质特征、矿石特征、金矿物特征及矿床成因等方面的研究和对找矿标志的总结,指出该区找矿方向,认为盆地边缘并在盆缘次级断裂发育地区找矿潜力较大,对中生代盆地边缘地区找矿具有一定的指导意义。     

金川铜镍硫化物矿床中特富矿分布特征及成因

块状特富矿是深部熔离-贯入型矿石的典型代表。通过地质模型来直观了解金川铜镍硫化物矿床中块状特富矿的空间分布:平面上分布于Ⅱ矿区33~41行之间,垂直方向上分布于1 150~1 500m标高范围内;根据其与Ⅱ矿区Ⅱ-②矿体的超基性岩的空间关系,将块状特富矿划分为岩体内部型和岩体边部型。通过对块状特富矿及其附近细脉浸染状矿的矿物成分测试,结果表明:块状矿石由98%以上的金属硫化物组成,金属矿物主要为磁黄铁矿、黄铁矿、黄铜矿、镍黄铁矿,其中,镍黄铁矿较发育,没有方黄铜矿;矿石中的磁黄铁矿均为单斜晶系,说明特富矿晶出温度很低,为100℃~320℃。首次对金川各类矿石中长石或石英进行液体包裹体测试,结果证明其成矿期晚于其他深部熔离-贯入型岩浆矿体。通过对成矿物质来源、成矿期次、控矿因素、成矿标志等的研究,指出块状特富矿分布受构造控制,与细脉浸染状矿石、含矿化辉绿岩脉密切相关,并认为NE向平推断层发育、且有细脉浸染状矿石或含矿化辉绿岩脉产出的部位是寻找块状特富矿的重点区域。     

Tellurium-Gold Mineralization Related to Cryptoexplosive Breccias within Volcanic Pipe in Zhuojiazhuang Gold Deposit,Shandong Province, China

Zhuojiazhuang gold deposit (ZGD) is the most enriched breccia pipe type gold deposit in East China, resulted from cryptoexplosion related to alkalinic magmatism and orebearing fluid filling. The ZGD is a small-sized mine with over 5 tons of gold reserves and grade of 156g/t in average and the highest 2 728 g/t as known. In addition, tellurium and silver are also valuable.The mineralized breccia pipe is cylinder-like in shape with 15 m long and 10 m wide and controlled by intersection ofNW and EW trend faults. Mining level has reached 170 m below the surface, but the whole pipe mineralization is still stable. Mineralization commonly occurs within the cements of breccias. Gold ores consist of hydrothermal breccia ore, shatteredbreccia ore and cataclastic ore. From the center of the ore body outwards, there is the transition from hydrothermal breccia toshattered breccia and then to cataclastic ores. According to composition and amount of the cements, the hydrothermal brecciaores can further be divided into three subtypes: sulfides cemented, hydrothermal mineral cemented and magma cemented.The content of gold is closely related to the types of the cements. The grade of the sulfide cemented breccia is the highestone, usually more than 1 000 g/t, and the known maximum grade is 2 728 g/t. The composition of the shattered breccia ismainly dioritic porphyrite and cemented by hydrothermal minerals, the grade ranges from ten to several tens g/t. The catsclastic ores are mainly composed of dioritic porphyrite, syenitic porphyry, as well as carbonate with mineralized veins, and the grade is only 35 g/t.Major ore minerals consist of pyrite, native tellurium, sphalerite, with minor calaverite, galena and altaite. Gangueminerals are composed of microcrystalline quartz, decktite and fluorite, with minor sericite and calcite. Brecciated and disseminited structures are main structures of ores. Four ore-forming stages are defined: microcrystalline quartz-pyrite stage,microcrystalline quartz-polymetal sulfides stage, quartz-adular stage and dickite stage. Wall rock alteration is characterized bysilicification, sericitization, adularization and fluoritization.The enrichment of tellurium may indicate that the ore-forming fluid was of a deep origin from upper mantle or lower crust. Mineral assemblage of microcrystalline quartz, fluorite, adularia and dickite suggest a relatively low-temperature forming condition. An extensive suite of elements, including Au, Ag, Te, Hg, Sb, As, Mo, F, Zn, and Tl, is significantly enriched in mineralized rocks. They can be geochemical indicators for exploration in the study area.Comprehensive studies show that the Zhuojiazhuang gold deposit is a type of sericite-adular gold deposit, belongs to epithermal gold deposits, or can be classified into alkali gold deposit series.     

Geology and geochemistry of Huanggangliang stratabound skarn deposit in Inner Mongolia, China

Over the recent three decades,exploration of a large-size Sn-Fe polymetallic ore deposit at the Huanggangliang, the Da Hinggan Mountains, Inner Mongolia, China, has been largely focused on the premise that the mineralization represents epigenetic magmatic hydrothermal ore deposit in genetic connection with the Mesozoic magmatism. The Huanggangliang Sn-Fe polymetallic ore deposits occurred in Permian strata, with siltstone/marble of the Zhesi Formation and spilite/andesite/tuff of the Dashizhai Formation. The characteristics of geological and geochemical data demonstrated that sedimentary hydrothermal mineralization occurred during the basin evolution at the Permian, rather than representing epigenetic magmatic hydrothermal genesis with the following evidences. The ore-bearing skarns are stratiform with underlying metasedimentary rocks and overlying volcanic sedimentary rocks. Sedimentary hydrothermal textures and structures are observed in the stratabound ore-bearing skarn such as bedded-laminated skarn and magnetite ores with small-size folding or soft deformation, synsedimentary breccia of skarn and magnetite ores and concentric shell structure of magnetite ores. So the stratabound ore-bearing skarns associated with magnetite ore and micro-disseminated tin, are peculiar examples of exhalite. The REE contents of the stratabound ore-bearing skarns display ΣLREE-rich (36.91×10-6) but ΣHREE-depletion (6.42×10-6), with positive Eu anomaly (Eu/ Eu 1.28) and negative Ce anomaly (Ce/Ce 0.88), which is totally different from REE pattern of the Huanggang magmatic rocks(with ΣREE 277.73×10-6, ΣLREE 220.24×10-6, ΣHREE 57.49×10-6, Eu/Eu 0.06, Ce/ Ce 1.52), which is comparable with modern sea-floor hydrothermal fluid,sedimentary hydrothermal ore deposit and associated hydrothermal sedimentary rocks. Calcite samples with δ13CPDB from -5.400 ‰ to -4.397 ‰ and δ18OSMOW from 9.095 ‰ to 9.364 ‰ in the stratabound ore-bearing skarns show sedimentary hydrothermal genesis of the Huanggangliang deposit. This proposition is useful not only for interpretation of the genesis of the Huanggangliang large Sn-Fe polymetallic ore deposit but also significant for mineral exploration in the area especially for finding large deposits caused by sedimentary exhalative mineralization processes.     

西天山松湖铁矿床磁铁矿标型特征及其对矿床成因的限定

松湖铁矿床位于新疆西天山伊犁地块东北缘阿吾拉勒成矿带西段,赋矿围岩为下石炭统大哈拉军山组安山岩及安山质火山碎屑岩。现有研究对于该矿床成因尚有争议,焦点在于是否存在矿浆(或岩浆)成因磁铁矿。据此,系统采集松湖铁矿床内各类典型矿石开展详细的磁铁矿标型特征研究,并利用LA-ICP-MS技术分析了磁铁矿的微量元素组成。结果表明:浸染状与块状矿石中磁铁矿具有高V、Ni、Ti含量,低Al、Mn、Co、Zn、Sn含量等岩浆磁铁矿地球化学特征;而条带状与角砾状矿石胶结物中磁铁矿Mg、Al、Mn、Zn含量高,V含量相对较低,各元素含量均与矽卡岩型矿床中的热液磁铁矿相当。磁铁矿包裹体爆裂温度指示:浸染状及块状矿石中存在两期包裹体,形成温度分别为328℃~397℃和424℃~485℃;条带状及角砾状矿石中粗粒磁铁矿包裹体数量较少,形成温度为343℃~385℃。综合矿物标型特征,认为各类矿石中浸染状矿石形成温度最高,其次为块状矿石,再次为角砾状矿石,条带状矿石形成温度最低,这也是各类矿石在松湖铁矿床成矿过程中的形成顺序。岩相学及微量元素地球化学特征均证实松湖铁矿床形成过程中存在矿浆成矿阶段,晚期热液成矿以高温火山热液充填交代成矿为主,而非沉积成矿。综合矿床地质及磁铁矿标型特征,认为松湖铁矿床成因类型应属火山岩浆-热液复合型铁矿床。     

山东省韩旺条带状铁矿床地质特征及其成矿地质条件分析

山东省沂源县韩旺铁矿是华北克拉通一大型条带状铁矿床,铁矿层赋存于新太古代泰山岩群雁翎关组上部的变质岩系中。矿体规模较大,断续延伸近8 000m,单矿层厚度一般1～25m。矿体总体呈单斜层状产出,矿石为硅质和铁质相间排列构成的条纹—条带状构造。含矿岩性主要为含磁铁斜长角闪片岩、含磁铁石英角闪片岩及片麻岩类,原岩属于中基性的火山岩和火山沉积岩类。结合近些年来国内外学者在研究前寒武纪BIF铁矿年代学、同位素地球化学与成矿作用方面取得的最新进展,认为韩旺铁矿沉积成矿时代为～2.6Ga,矿床形成于海洋化学沉积环境,成矿物质来源具有明显的火山物质贡献特征,矿床的形成与华北地区太古宙克拉通化形成的稳定沉积环境以及微生物的参与是密不可分的。