基于全景真三维技术的新型智慧城市时空信息基础设施探索

我国新型智慧城市的建设对城市时空信息基础设施提出了更高的要求,迫切需要加强包括大数据、云计算等新技术的深入应用。本文重点探讨基于多传感器技术(包括机载激光扫描技术、多角度倾斜摄影技术在内的航空摄影)和高度自动化后处理新技术的全景真三维技术特点及优势,并以北京城市副中心为例,探索基于全景真三维技术的智慧城市时空信息基础设施建设及其应用。实践表明,全景真三维技术能够快速提供真实统一、高精度、多层次的城市模型数据,为城市规划、建设、治理和运营提供了事半功倍的信息化手段,是一种构建新型智慧城市时空信息基础设施的新思路。     

浅谈数字城市建设作用

城市是区域性的政治、经济和文化中心,城市的建设是重大的国际课题。目前,我国城市化的建设,正飞速度向前推进,城市化的趋势也越来越明显。同时,城市人口膨胀、交通拥挤、资源短缺和环境恶化等问题已经显得日益严重。数字城市的提出,为城市的发展确立了长远的规划思想和指导方针。通过购建数字城市,可以最大限度地利用城市信息资源,积极推进城市的可持续发展。     

数字城市走向智慧城市的理论思考

智慧城市是智慧地球在城市的具体体现,是在数字城市建设的基础上,由信息化、数字化向网络化和智慧化发展的新趋势。本文探讨了从数字城市迈向智慧城市的实现途径和理论基础,并对智慧城市的未来发展进行了展望。     

推动新型智慧城市建设的PPP模式探讨

新型智慧城市是"十三五"期间国家重点关注和投入发展的经济增长点,也将成为推动国家供给侧改革、新型城镇化建设的重要着力点。新型智慧城市建设涉及体量较大,单独依靠政府财政投入难以持续,必须改变过去完全由政府主导建设的模式,国家和地方层面提出在相关领域发展推广PPP的建设模式。文章分析了新型智慧城市建设需求和PPP模式特点,总结了不同类型企业参与新型智慧城市PPP建设的策略建议,并结合实际案例阐述如何通过PPP模式进行资源整合、募集社会金融资本,开展新型智慧城市建设运营的模式,促进新型智慧城市建设投资市场化、运营市场化、机制市场化;在最后提出了未来还需关注探讨的几个问题。     

从数字城市到智慧城市的技术发展机遇与挑战

当前,城市信息化正在历经从数字城市向智慧城市的重要转变,这也带来了理念与技术发展的诸多机遇与挑战,本文首先讨论数字城市在城市系统中的地位与意义,进一步明确了数字城市与物联网的集成,使数字城市向智慧城市发展,通过构筑全面的城市数字神经网络系统,促使城市系统的行为智能化的趋势。最后讨论了网络通信技术、物联网、大数据与NoSQL、SOA与ESB、云计算、地理信息技术与BIM、社会计算及其他它相关技术的发展对智慧城市建设的推动作用,以及这些技术在智慧城市建设的集成应用中将带来新的机遇与挑战。     

广州新型智慧城市应用探索:城乡规划的智慧化管理

新技术尤其是信息技术的快速发展为新型智慧城市的建设提供了条件,城市规划管理作为城市建设的前端环节,在新型智慧城市建设中发挥着重要的作用。规划管理"一张图"平台、多规合一信息联动平台等围绕新技术而形成的规划管理新手段,极大地提高政务效率,也倒逼新型智慧城市的规划管理更加智慧化。本文以广州市为例,分析城乡规划智慧化管理历程,从决策层、管理层、实施层、技术层和数据层5个维度探索城乡规划智慧化应用,构建城乡规划智慧化管理体系,关注智慧化提升城乡规划与管理能力,运用信息系统构建五年空间规划体系、一张图管理和实施评估、多源数据辅助规划决策等城乡规划智慧化方式,为相关城市建设新型智慧城市应用提供支撑。     

一种建筑信息模型与三维数字城市集成方法

BIM的发展为数字城市三维模型提供了更加精确的数据来源,现有研究主要关注BIM空间实体模型向三维表面模型转换,缺少建筑语义信息映射及整体集成方案研究。本文以构成建筑骨架的主要空间构件为研究对象,在参考IFC标准基础上,结合数字城市应用特点设计了具有空间语义一致性的建筑构件信息模型BCM,在此基础上提出建筑信息模型和三维数字城市集成方案。首先,基于CAD图纸开展BIM模型交互式构建,然后,通过空间和语义信息映射将其转换为BCM,并基于ArcGIS Geodatabase建立建筑构件信息库,在三维数字城市场景开展建筑构件信息的集成应用。该方案可实现建筑构件信息与三维数字城市的大规模集成,对推动数字城市向智慧城市发展,进一步开展建筑内外模型集成展示、建筑节能分析、内部设施管理等具有重要价值。     

“智慧北京”空间信息服务的实践与探索

"智慧城市"建设是当前城市发展的前沿热点,是在北京市"数字城市"建设基础上的进一步提升。本文阐述了国内外"智慧城市"的发展形势,提出了从基础测绘到数字城市,再到智慧城市的"智慧空间信息服务"的建设思路;论述了北京市基础测绘工作在"数字城市"建设中发挥的保障作用;总结了北京"数字城市"建设的实践经验,提出"数字城市"是"智慧空间信息服务"的基础;在此基础上,提出了"智慧北京"空间信息服务云平台建设思路,并对其进行了实践探索。     

大数据时代数字化城市管理智慧应用实践

首先介绍了全国数字化城市管理事业和大数据技术发展现状,并结合"互联网+"时代技术发展趋势和全国智慧城市建设浪潮,开展基于城市管理综合数据的智慧应用研究,提升城市现代化治理能力和公共服务水平,为推动"数字城管"向"智慧城管"发展演变提供借鉴参考。     

西部新型智慧城市规划与建设模式探析——以兰州市为例

针对西部欠发达地区新型城镇化发展面临的问题,通过总结地处西部欠发达地区的兰州市在新型智慧城市规划建设框架体系和重点领域,以及兰州市在新型智慧城市建设方面所取得的阶段性成果,提出在大数据背景下兰州新型智慧城市规划建设模式,即以下三方面:一是以政府战略为主导的顶层设计;二是注重智慧民生服务与社会治理;三是开创综合创新型智慧新区建设。最后针对目前兰州新型智慧城市建设阶段,提出今后持续改进的3个着力点:一是建立以"大数据"为依托的新型智慧城市建设战略,二是打破"信息孤岛",加快提升"互联网+政务服务"水平,三是建立"绿色、协调、可持续"的低碳发展构想。     

经营城市与经营土地

在市场经济和城市化进程的背景下，政府职能也随之改变，从建设城市到管理城市，再到经营城市，是城市发展的必然阶段，经营城市土地已成为各级政府实施城市化战略的重要内容之一，从政府建设城市和其职能出发，提出经营城市土地的基本思路和原则及提高政府调控供地能力的方法，对供地方法进行了探讨。     

Industrial transformation of Shenyang city

Industrial transformation represents a unique economic phenomenon in China‘s regional economy,and old industrial city reconstruction has long been a key problem that affects state security. As a typical old indus-trial city in China, Shenyang established its heavy industrial city position in the First Five-year Plan period (1953-1957), and this industrial structure has been consolidated for a long time. After 1978, Shenyang began its long last-ing industrial reconstruction in an all-round way by 3 main initiatives including restructuring economic system, up-grading traditional industrial technology and developing high-tech industry. In the end of the 1990s, it could be i-dentified that remarkable structural changes took place in city economy at large as well as individual industrial sec-tor. According to the GDP proportion change, Shenyang is on the way to a high level industrial structure. The sec-ondary industry also engendered significant shifting as smelting and textile industry declined sharply but IT industry increased largely. Although the ratio of the heavy industry to the light industry changed periodically, the heavy in-dustrial output value most time kept a high proportion over 60% of the gross industrial output value in the past five decades. Shenyang has favorable conditions for developing equipment manufacturing industry, but it should carry out the program by establishing its leading role in urban economy plan, building “Theme Industrial Parks“, improv-ing Tiexi Industrial Zone, removing any kind of system barrier, enlarging private and other ownerships economy and improving technology, marketing and management by IT application. In response to economy globalization,Shenyang needs to expand the cooperation worldwide and improve the cohesion with surrounding cities.     

ANALYSIS OF THE EXPANSION OF THE BUILT-UP AREA OF DALIAN CITY

With the astounding development and gradual improvement of remote sensing technology, as an advancedscience technology, it is used to provide multi-temporal, large scope real-time information for land-use dynamic change,and also is one of the best efficient methods for studying the earth resources and environment. Remote sensing image hasits characteristics of ample information and reflecting the objective realities. The paper uses multi-temporal TM images in1986, 1996 and 2000, and relevant statistic data to analyze land-use changes of Dalian City in Liaoning Province of Chi-na over ten years by means of the correlation analysis method. The results have shown that two methods could con-formably reflect the present land-use change. Urbanization is closely correlative to natural factors and economic develop-ment. Especially in recent 20 years, under the influence of the reform and open-up policy, Dalian, as a specific coastcity, is becoming an international metropolis.     

数字城市中三维模型的质量控制

主要论述了在数字城市建设中三维模型数据的生产流程,质量元素,质量控制的内容、方法及评价体系.在三维建模质量控制方面制定了一套行之有效的质量控制体系,为数字城市建设中大规模三维建模工作的开展提供了一个参考.     

经营"城中村"——金湖县加强城区土地资产经营

治理“城中村“,是推进城市化进程必须解决的问题之一,也是建立规范统一的土地市场的必然要求.近年来,金湖县从本地实际出发,将“城中村“纳入城市规划区统一管理,实行统一征用,统一经营,取得十分显著的成效.……     

连云港市地学旅游资源开发利用初探

连云港市现辖赣榆、东海、灌云、灌南4县和新浦、连云、海州3区，拥有1个国家级经济技术开发区和1个国家级风景名胜区，总面积7444km^2．人口465万。经过多年建设，进入新世纪的连云港已逐步呈现出特色海滨城市、现代港口城市、沿海开放城市、新兴工业城市和重点旅游城市的崭新面貌。     

RESEARCH ON IMAGO SPACE OF VALLEY CITY—A Case Study of Lanzhou City

Currently domestic researches on urban imago space concentrate in a few cities that lie in the advanced region, such as Beijing, Guangzhou, Wuhan, etc., but in so far as those cities that lie in the northwest inland region, the research of this aspect is still few. In order to supplement a special example to the urban imago space theory and to validate former theory, this article studied the Lanzhou urban imago space. During the course of researching, authors adopted some investigating methods, such as visiting on the spot, photograph identification method and sketch man identification method etc. Using investigated data, this paper made an elementary research on urban imago space of Lanzhou, which is a typical valley city in the western China. The result of study indicated that the urban imago space of Lanzhou takes Xiguan Cross as its center (Lanzhou involves four districts of Chengguan, Qilihe, Arming and Xigu). In the process of recognition of urban imago space, the Huanghe (Yellow) River and mountains beside the city are the dominant factors and the main nodes of cognition. So the urban imago space of Lanzhou is quite different from that of plain cities. Interviewee did well in the spatial structure map, which was made up of mountainous land, river and main trunk roads, the group structure took profound impression on people.     

URBAN RENEWAL AND DEVELOPMENT OF SHANGHAI CITY

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SPECULATION ON DEVELOPING TOUR RESOURCES OF THE TOURNAMENT ATHLETICS IN HARBIN CITY

The exploitation and utilization of the tour resources of tournament athletics, including skiling, boat sail-ing, archery, ice engraving, snow engraving, has become a new trend of the development of Chinese tourism. Due tothe unique cold climate and superior geographic location, Harbin is a promising city for developing tour resources of tourna-ment athletics. Based on the analysis of the superiority and peculiarity of Harbin, the speculation on development of tour resources of tournament athletics in Harbin is proposed as follows : 1 ) Harbin should develop its special tour resources of tournament athletics associated with needs of market; 2) Harbin should take the advantages of rich resources and devel-op ice and snow entertainment in winter and travel for sight-seeing and spending summer;, 3) the adjustment of the layoutof ice and snow resources should be based on the idea of taking Harbin as the center and all-side opening at the largescale in the way of radiation; 4) tourism should be developed by the combined efforts of various departments to make feasi-ble plan, and the organizers should pay much attention to ensuring the safetv of tourists.     

中国铜都——江西德兴铜矿发现的故事

德兴,取“山川之宝,惟德乃兴”之意而定名.它地处赣东北低山丘陵,地势由东南向西北倾斜.东南部为怀山低山丘陵,西部丘陵区多狭长谷地.