球面交切法地震定位

提出了适合于近震及远震定位的球面交切法。该方法在球面上直接进行交切运算,只要知道3个以上台站的S-P到时差(或只要根据震相求出震中距)就能快速定出震中位置,台网布局、震源深度、发震时刻对震中定位的影响较小。使用该方法对三峡水库蓄水以后发生的较大地震进行了精确定位,结果表明其应用效果较好。     

位移格林函数的精密计算及其在芦山Ms7.0地震中的应用

依据目标地震震中周围地区地壳上地幔实际构造,重建层状地球模型,并据此改造格林函数计算程序,计算适用于目标地震的格林函数,从而提高同震位移计算精度。芦山Ms7.0地震震例研究表明,地球模型对垂向位移格林函数的影响随着震中距的变化而变化。4类独立震源中,地球模型对水平面内引张位错的影响最大,其在近区的影响可达到格林函数本身的40%左右。按照川西地区地壳上地幔实际层状构造(简称"芦山模型")改造格林函数计算程序后,近场同震水平位移的计算精度总体上可提高20~30%。     

2021年青海玛多7.4级地震前应变演化特征分析

计算1999～2016年、2017～2020年青海玛多及其周边地区GNSS速度场,同时采用连续滑移回归方法获取该地区震前面膨胀率、主应变率及最大剪切应变率,分析其动态演变特征。结果表明：1)震前该地区构造运动并未出现明显调整;2)震前震中附近区域面膨胀率下降,说明震中附近区域应变能累积降低;3)震前震中附近区域最大剪切应变率和主应变率有所增强,说明震中附近出现应力调整现象,剪切作用增强。     

高频GNSS资料的强震震相识别与震中确定

利用2011日本东北Mw9.0地震和2008汶川Mw7.9地震若干台站的高频（1 Hz）GNSS观测资料,通过精密单点定位方法解算出地震发生时的位移形变波形。对位移波形一阶差分得到震时高频GNSS速度时间序列,采用S变换谱的方法对该速度时序进行地震波到时的拾取,即震相识别。将地震波拾取结果用于震中位置和发震时刻反演,并与美国地质调查局USGS公布的资料对比。结果发现,两者日本地震震中位置相差约16 km,发震时刻相差约0.7 s;汶川地震震中相差约4 km,发震时刻相差约0.4 s。     

基于粘弹性球体地球模型的震后位移与重力变化计算软件

在考虑地球曲率、成层结构、可压缩性与自重的前提下,Tanaka等［1-2］提出一套较为完备的粘弹性球体位错理论,可计算全球任意位置由地震产生的同震与震后形变（含位移、重力变化、大地水准面变化）。Gao等［3］给出了与上述理论相匹配、界面友好的计算软件,能计算30个震后时间点对应的震后形变。本研究针对Gao等的软件进行改进,可计算震后任意时间点对应的震后形变。新软件由3个部分组成：1）与32个震后时间点相对应的32套离散格林函数数值框架;2）格林函数插值计算程序,可针对上述32套格林函数数值框架进行插值运算,输出任意震后时间点对应的格林函数数值结果;3）积分计算程序,调用上述格林函数数值结果,计算任意类型地震在地表任意位置产生的同震与震后形变。一般情况下,使用者只需按要求准备辅助文件,提供发震断层模型和观测站位置信息,以及震中周围地区地幔粘滞性因子,先后运行格林函数插值计算程序和积分计算程序,即可计算出目标地震在地表任意位置产生的同震与震后形变。本文基于粘弹球体位错理论与弹性球体位错理论,分别计算2011年日本MW9.0地震引起的远场同震位移,2套结果的高度一致性证明了新程序的正确性。最后,介绍需要注意的若干事项,便于使用者掌握该软件。     

基于帕金森矢量的2017年精河6.6级地震震中估计

以2017年新疆精河6.6级地震为例,通过收集震中周围不同方位、不同距离地磁台站的连续波形数据,基于帕金森矢量方法及其改进方法,计算每个台站在不同频段的帕金森矢量方位角异常,并分别将同一频段多个台站的异常结果叠加,提取和分析地震前震中周围台站地磁的短周期变化异常特征。结果表明,震前震中周围地磁异常时、空特征明显,均显示短临异常,通过异常综合叠加分析可以较好地估计震中方位。该研究结果对短临地震预报及防震减灾等工作具有一定的参考意义。     

基于GRACE RL05数据探测苏门答腊Mw8.6地震的同震和震后形变

利用美国德克萨斯大学空间研究中心（UTCSR）最新发布的GRACE卫星RL05月重力场模型数据,采用去相关和300 km半径的高斯平滑滤波,提取出2012年苏门答腊MW8.6地震的同震和震后形变,并利用最小二乘拟合方法计算了地震前后震中附近区域的形变率。结果表明,GRACE卫星观测到的同震形变约为-8~14 cm,震前和震后震中附近区域的形变率分别为1~4 cm/a和-1~-3 cm/a。     

大冶金山店铁矿区地震监测与成因类型探析

收集、整理了大冶金山店铁矿区近几年微震活动的监测记录,并通过震中精定位和地震波形、频谱、震源机制解等综合性研究,认为该矿区的地震活动与矿山开采有密切关系,其成因类型属采矿诱发的地震活动,简称矿震.     

基于残差修正的ARMA模型探测门源MS6.4地震前电离层TEC异常

为提高震前电离层总电子含量(TEC)异常探测的精度,提出利用ARMA模型对预测数据进行残差修正得到TEC参考背景值,并设定相对误差和绝对误差相互制约的限差判决门限。通过对2016-01-21青海门源M_S6.4地震进行研究,验证该方法的有效性。结果表明,震前第5天存在明显的TEC异常现象,震中及附近更大区域内会形成异常范围集中的电离层异常区域,TEC异常峰值点位于震中偏南方向;震中位置与异常区域的中心点并不重合,震中位于负异常区偏东方向、正异常区偏南方向。     

2021-09-29宁夏中宁M_(L)3.6地震震源参数测定北大核心CSCD

基于宁夏区域地震台网资料,采用初至P震相定位法测定2021-09-29中宁M_(L)3.6地震震源深度,同时利用gCAP反演方法测定该地震震源机制解及矩张量解,然后根据震源机制与应力场模拟方法计算现今应力场体系在中宁M_(L)3.6地震震源机制两个节面的相对剪应力和正应力。结果表明,初至P震相定位法和gCAP方法测定的中宁M_(L)3.6地震震源深度均为11 km,震源机制节面Ⅰ走向242°、倾角63°、滑动角8°,节面Ⅱ走向148°、倾角83°、滑动角153°,矩张量解结果表明该地震的双力偶成分占全矩张量解的97.07%,表明该地震为天然地震。结合震中附近2009年以来M_(L)1.0以上地震重定位后的空间分布、区域地质构造和相对剪应力等分析推测,中宁M_(L)3.6地震发震断层可能与天景山断裂东南段附近NNW向断裂薄弱带有关,该地震是在青藏高原东北缘NE向挤压作用下,沿着NNW向断裂剪切滑动引起的一次右旋走滑型地震事件。     

Preliminary study on plasma membrane fluidity of Psychrophilic Yeast Rhodotorula sp.NJ298 in low temperature

The ability of cell to modulate the fluidity of plasma membrane was crucial to the survival of microorganism at low temperature. Plasma membrane proteins, fatty acids and carotenoids profiles of Antarctic psychrophilc yeast Rhodotorula sp. NJ298 were investigated at -3 ℃, 0 ℃ and 8 ℃. The results showed that plasma membrane protein content was greater at -3 ℃ than that at 8 ℃, and a unique membrane polypeptide composition with an apparent molecular mass of 94.7 kDa was newly synthesized with SDS-PAGE analysis; GC analysis showed that the main changes of fatty acids were the percentage of unsaturated fatty acids (C18∶ 1 and C18∶ 2) and shorter chain saturated fatty acid (C10∶ 0) increased along with the decrease of the culture temperature from 8 ℃ to -3 ℃; HPLC analysis indicated that astaxanthin was the major functional carotenoids of the plasma membrane, percentage of which increased from 54.6±1.5% at 8 ℃ to 81.9±2.1% at -3 ℃. However the fluidity of plasma membrane which was determined by measuring fluorescence anisotropy was similar at -3 ℃, 0 ℃ and 8 ℃. Hence these changes in plasma membrane's characteristics were involved in the cellular cold-adaptation by which NJ298 could maintain normal plasma membrane fluidity at near-freezing temperature.     

Information for authors

正1 Aims and Scope Advances in Polar Science(APS)is an international,peer-reviewed journal jointly sponsored by the Polar Research Institute of China and the Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration.APS is a comprehensive academic journal dedicated to presentation of multi-disciplinary achievements in Arctic and Antarctic expeditions and research.Its primary purpose     

JOURNAL OF OCEAN UNIVERSITY OF CHINA

<正>Copyright Submfnion of a roanusatpt inks:that the work described has not been published before(exoept In the form of an abstrW or as part of a published lecture,review,or thesis);that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere that its publication has been approved by ail     

Information for Authors

<正>The Journal of Ocean University of China(Oceanic and Coastal Sea Research)is a comprehensive academic quarterly sponsored by the Ocean University of China,published one volume per year.This journal is devoted to the publication of the theoretical and applied research results on oceanography and marine fisheries.The fieldcovered include the physical,chemical,biological,geo-     

Hydraulics and Hydrology in Mountain Areas

<正>The 35th IAHR World Congress was held in Chengdu,China from September 8 to September 132013.The title of the conference was:"The Wise Finds Pleasure in Water:Meandering through Water Science and Engineering".During the congress,1239 papers were presented in 139sessions for oral presentations and 7 sessions for poster presentations.After the Congress,a Committee was appointed to select some of the best papers presented at the Congress for publication,after a     

Sea ice thickness measurement in spring season in Bothnian Bay using an electromagnetic induction instrument

As an important component of the cryosphere,sea ice is very sensitive to the climate change.The study of the sea ice physics needs accurate sea ice thickness.This paper presents an electromagnetic-induction(EM) technique which can be used to measure the sea ice thickness distribution efficiently,and the successful application in Bothnian Bay.Based on the electromagnetic field theory and the electrical properties of sea ice and seawater,EM technique can detect the distance between the instrument and the ice/water interface accurately,than the sea ice thickness is obtained.Contrastive analysis of the apparent conductivity data obtained by EM and the value of drill-hole at same positions allows a construction of a transformable formula of the apparent conductivity to sea ice thickness.The verification of the sea ice thickness calculated by this formula indicates that EM technique is able to get reliable sea ice thickness with average relative error of only 12%.The statistic of all ice thickness profiles shows that the level ice distribution in Bothnian Bay was 0.4-0.6 m.     

Thermohaline structure inhomogeneity associated with polynia at the northern margin of Emery Ice-shelf

Based on the hydrographic data in austral summer during the 22nd Antarctic Expedition of China(2005/2006),some features can be found about the northern margin of Emery ice shelf as follows.The heat content in the surface layer(0-50 m) at the eastern end and the western end of the ice-shelf margin is much higher than that at the middle.The upper mixing-layer depth and the seasonal thermocline depth at the middle of the ice-shelf northern margin are much shallower than those at the both ends.However there is much less difference between the middle and the ends in the bottom layer.The remote sensing photos show that the inhomogeneity in the surface-layer water is closely related to the spatial distribution of the floes and polynia in the area.     

Phylogenetic analysis of cultivable bacteria isolated from Arctic sea-ice

Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA of 8 strains of cultivable bacteria isolated from Arctic sea-ice was studied.The results showed that strain BJ1 belonged to genus Planococcus,which was a genus of low mole percent G C gram-positive bacteria;strain BJ6 belonged to genus Burkholderia of β-proteobacteria and the rest 6 strain all belonged to γ-proteobacteria,of which strain BJ8 was a species of Pseudoalteromonas,strain BJ2-BJ5 and BJ7 were members of genus Psychrobacter.Phylogenetic analysis also indicated that bacteria of genus Psychrobacter of the isolates formed a relatively independent phylogenetic cluster in comparison with other bacteria belonged to genus Psychrobacter.     

Information for authors

正1 Aims and Scope Advances in Polar Science(APS)is an international,peer-reviewed journal jointly sponsored by the Polar Research Institute of China and the Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration.APS is a comprchensive academic journal dedicated to presentation of multi-disciplinary achievements in Arctic and Antarctic expeditions and research.Its primary purpose is to publish achievements in fundamental research,applied