用激光测距小网的观测资料研究鲜水河断裂带的活动特征

利用跨鲜水河断裂带的两个激光测距小网 1985～ 1997年的重复观测资料 ,分析研究了鲜水河断裂带的活动特征。通过对观测资料的数据处理 ,获得了测区较客观的位移场和应变场。形变分析结果表明 ,鲜水河断裂带北段处于蠕动状态 ,南段则处于应变积累的闭锁状态。     

鲜水河断裂带的构造大地测量

利用短边GPS点阵、短基线标石阵和精密激光测距 ,在与鲜水河断裂带的断层破裂带垂直的剖面上和构造盆地内进行构造大地测量 ,获得了断层软弱带和断层蠕变带上的最佳形变分布。综合利用相关地学成果和理论 ,揭示了构造形变所隐含的动力学信息 ,识别了断层应变带、塑性流变带和主断面在地面的分布范围。用外围GPS远场联测成果探讨了该断裂带的驱动力机制 ,匡正了其“左旋”运动和现今活动速度的含义。最后 ,评估了该断裂的地震活动趋势     

栉孔扇贝对Cd的累积和排出

重金属是主要的海洋污染物之一,它易被生物体吸收富集,转化为毒性更大的金属有机化合物,再经食物链传递,危害人体健康.随着近岸水产养殖业的快速发展,养殖产生的废物(粪便、残饵、分泌物)中存在可与重金属相互作用的活性介质,这些活性介质对水域中重金属污染物的行为产生影响,从而对重金属的生物有效性(生物体吸收、蓄积重金属的能力)产生影响 [1].因此,关于重金属生物有效性及其影响因素的研究不仅具有重要的理论意义,而且是水环境质量基准研究以及建立合理的水质标准的必要前提.     

栉孔扇贝对Cd的累积和排出

重金属是主要的海洋污染物之一，它易被生物体吸收富集，转化为毒性更大的金属有机化合物，再经食物链传递，危害人体健康。随着近岸水产养殖业的快速发展，养殖产生的废物（粪便、残饵、分泌物）中存在可与重金属相互作用的活性介质，这些活性介质对水域中重金属污染物的行为产生影响，从而对重金属的生物有效性（生物体吸收、蓄积重金属的能力）产生影响。     

Comparative Studies on Uptake Pathway of Cadmium by Perna viridis

Experiments were designed to expose the filter-feeding bivalve Perna viridis to different Cd-contaminated water environments in order to compare the different pathways through which Cd is accumulated. Results show that mussels can accumulate Cd through seawater, food, sediment and suspended particle pathways in a short period of time. Mussels＇ uptake of Cd through the seawater pathway reaches the highest concentration approximately 3 and 9 times larger than through the algae and sediment pathways respectively after 7 d. This indicates that the Cd-accumulation through seawater is most efficient. Results also indicate that the uptake directly through contaminated algae, particles or sediments ingested by mussels is less important when compared with the uptake of Cd by mussels through the seawater pathway. Metal uptake pathways and mechanisms of bioaccumulation by marine bivalve are also discussed in this paper.     

基于GPS速度场的青藏块体东北缘应变场分析

利用2004～2013年GPS速度场数据,分析青藏块体东北缘的应变场和剖面应变积累特征。结果显示：1）稳定的阿拉善地块及鄂尔多斯地块分别阻挡了祁连山断裂带与贺兰山构造区分别向NE、E方向的物质迁移;2）主压应变率、最大剪应变率高值区均分布在祁连山构造带东段、海原断裂东段至六盘山断裂西段,面膨胀率压性高值区主要在祁连山构造带东段,3）祁连山断裂东段显示为以压性为主、兼具左旋走滑,海原断裂东段至六盘山断裂西段则表现为以左旋走滑为主、压性为辅的相对运动特征。     

深刻的变化在静悄悄地积累——省厅办事大厅创建文明窗口侧记

大凡窗口,如建筑物的窗口、汽车火车的窗口、飞机的窗口,都有一个重要功能,便是里面的人可以凭窗眺望窗外的景色.鉴于我国国情,老百姓把政府部门为民众办理有关事务的地方也称之为“窗口”,因为在这里,“外面”的老百姓可以“凭窗”观察、体验政府部门和工作人员为民众办事的态度和效率.曾经有段时间,“门难进,脸难看,话难说,事难办”,几乎成了某些政府部门和工作人员为民众办事的常态,这自然引起社会民众的极大反感与不满.建设明窗口,便成了政府部门提升为民服务水准、提高工作效率的一大抓手.     

镉在包气带中的迁移与积累特征

本文论述了镉在包气带中迁移积累问题，提出了镉在包气带中的迁移和积累模式并用实验结果与之加以验证，指出了镉在各类土壤中的存在形式及在不同地球化学环境镉的危害性是有所不同的。     

基于GPS速度场的云南地壳应力积累特征分析

利用2009~2015年的GPS水平运动速度场数据，解算云南地区的地壳应变场，在红河断裂与曲江断裂选取两个GPS剖面，计算并分析两个断裂的应变积累特征。结果显示：1）红河、曲江、小江等多个主要断裂应变场存在张、压交替的时空演化特征，近期曲江断裂南段表现为东西向拉张，红河断裂北段东西向拉张量值较大，约12.0×10-8/a，云南南部主要表现为NNE向的压性变化；2）从GPS剖面看，红河、曲江断裂在两个方向上均显示右旋走滑与拉张的变化特征，从量值上看，红河断裂北段运动速率较大,约8.90 mm/a。     

海原断裂东段至六盘山断裂西段GPS剖面地壳变形与应变积累分析

利用2004~2013年3期GPS速度场数据,从断裂两侧的水平挤压、拉张与走滑等3方面,对海原断裂东段至六盘山断裂西段GPS剖面变形与应变积累进行研究。结果表明：1)海原断裂东段与六盘山断裂西段在运动方式上具有较强的一致性;2)在近10 a时间尺度上,该活动断裂整体表现为以左旋走滑为主,兼顾压性变化的运动特征,在上、下盘的相对运动差异速率上,走滑方向上达到2.0~5.5 mm/a,断裂垂直方向上约为0.5~3.0 mm/a。     

中国东北地区晚侏罗世聚煤规律研究

中国东北地区晚侏罗世煤盆地有内陆断陷山间(或山前)盆地和滨海山间断坳盆地两种。内陆盆地具同一演化过程;含煤地层中部深水湖泊相的上、下均含有煤层。滨海盆地另具同一发展过程;含煤性与盆地基底结构、海水进退息息相关。     

小牛煤矿晚二叠世含煤地层沉积环境与聚煤规律

小牛煤矿位于贵州省内水城矿区的格目底向斜东段北翼,含煤地层为晚二叠世龙潭组,含煤性好。通过对小牛煤矿含煤地层及其含煤性的研究,确定了研究区的沉积环境是海陆过渡相中的三角洲沉积类型,并初步建立了沉积模式,龙潭早期和晚期均有较好的聚煤作用发生并叠加,是聚煤的最佳场所,含煤性最好。     

Evolution of Hydrodynamic Field, Oil-Gas Migration and Accumulation in Songliao Basin, China

The oil-gas migration and accumulation in the Songliao Basin were analyzed in the view of fluid dynamics by the authors. The key point of fluid dynamics is hydrodynamics. Oil-gas migration and accumulation are related closely with formation and evolution of hydrodynamic field. Based on abundant data, initial formation pressure and other parameters, such as water head were studied. They can be used to understand the present distribution of hydrodynamic field and its hydrochemical features. Generally, the hydrodynamic field in the basin is obviously asymmetrical. In its north and east part, there are the areas of centripetal flow caused by topographic relief when meteoric water permeate downwards. Its south part is an evaporation-concentration area. The central depression is an area of centrifugal flow driven by sediment compaction and its cross-formational flow area. Only at the basin margin and in the local uplifted and denudated area are the meteoric water permeating downwards areas. The centrifugal flow driven by sediment compaction is the main dynamic factor that induces oil-gas migration and accumulation and its formation period corresponding to the main stage of oil-gas migration and accumulation. Moreover, the evolution of hydrodynamic field has the cyclic property, which results in phased oil-gas migration by stages, and further dominates the terraced annular oil and gas distribution, concentric with their corresponding sags.     

中国石油勘探发展趋向及展望——兼论稠油油藏

本文主要论述了中国石油勘探的进展情况并对今后的勘探远景予以展望。     

Biogenic silicate accumulation in sediments, Jiaozhou Bay

1 INTRODUCTION Silicate, or silicic acid (H4SiO4), is a very im- portant nutrient in the ocean. Unlike other major nu- trients such as phosphate and nitrate or ammonium, which are needed by almost all marine plankton, silicate is an essential chemical req…     

Impacts of snow accumulation on air temperature measured by automatic weather stations on the Antarctic ice sheet

The heights of automatic weather station (AWS) sensors over the Antarctic ice sheet are nominal and change with snow accumulation or ablation. Therefore, the measured data may not be used directly. In this study, we analyzed the impact of snow accumulation on AWS observations using continuous measurements from three AWS that were deployed on the traverse route from the Zhongshan Station to Dome A over East Antarctica. We then corrected the measured air temperature to account for changes in the sensor height relative to the snow surface to improve the authenticity and representativeness of the observation data from the AWS. The results show that (i) the annual mean snow accumulations at Dome A, Eagle and LGB69 were approximately 0.11 m, 0.30 m and 0.49 m, respectively, and the corresponding annual mean air temperature differences between the corrected and measured values at 1 m in height were 0.34℃, 0.29℃ and 0.35℃; (ii) the impact on air temperature from accumulation decreases with height from the surface; (iii) the air temperature difference between the corrected and measured values was not directly proportional to the snow accumulation but was related to the seasonal air temperature variations and the intensity of the local surface inversion; and (iv) the averaged corrected air temperature was higher than the measured values except during the summer when there were days without temperature inversion. The magnitude of the temperature difference between the corrected and measured was mainly determined by snow accumulation and the intensity of the local surface inversion.     

浅谈平果残积层状铝土矿地质特征及工业价值

残积层状铝土矿是原生沉积型铝土矿在岩溶发展过程中残留下来,经风化、淋滤脱硫后在地表氧化带形成低硫高铁型工业矿体。矿体规模较大,储量可观,矿石块度大,含泥率低,易脱泥,矿石质量优良,具有较高的经济价值。     

GEOGRAPHICAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ENDEMIC FLUOROSIS IN CHINA

Endemic fluorosis is given rise to by human intake of excess fluorine from environment by way of food chain. In China it is one of the extensively prevalent endemic diseases and its distribution shows clearly regional characteristics. In macroscopic sight, three large fluorosis zones may be divided: (1) The arid and semi-arid plains in the north of China. These regions have a dry climate, making fluorine accumulation in the Quaternary deposits. Thus, the drinking water with high content of fluorine is the main cause of the disease formation. (2) The Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. In the region, rocks and soils rich in fluorine bring about fluorine excess in crop food. This plays an important role in the disease formation. (3) Southeast hills. The hot spring with high content of fluorine leads to fluorosis.The fluorine absorbed by people from the environment is firstly from the drinking water and secondly from the crop food originating from soil. The fluorine in the air can be accumulated in crop leaves to make