鲁西胡家庄——西石马地区稀土矿成矿地质特征及找矿前景分析

鲁西胡家庄—西石马地区是山东省重要的稀土矿找矿远景区,区内构造活动强烈,与稀土成矿有关的中生代碳酸岩发育,有明显的γ能谱异常和La、Y等地球化学异常。该区已发现稀土矿点3个,矿体25个,矿化体和各种找矿线索众多,并已圈定3个B级找矿靶区,找矿前景较好,找矿潜力较大。本文对区内成矿地质背景、地球物理特征、矿体特征、矿石质量、围岩蚀变等进行了分析,总结了该地区稀土找矿标志、矿床成因,对找矿前景进行了分析,为今后该地区稀土矿勘查提供借鉴作用。     

地面伽玛能谱测量在稀土矿勘查中的应用——以山东省兰陵县龙宝山稀土矿为例

龙宝山稀土矿是在查证该区航放异常时发现的,通过进一步开展地面γ能谱测量,在龙宝山地区圈定了3处综合放射性异常,进一步缩小了稀土找矿靶区。通过异常查证,发现3个新矿体,取得了较好的稀土矿找矿效果。本文通过分析γ能谱测量在龙宝山稀土矿勘查中的应用,为该区稀土矿的勘查指明了方向,同时分析了该区的找矿前景,为在龙宝山和周边类似地区开展稀土矿勘查提供借鉴。     

综合勘查方法在枣庄关帝庙地区稀土矿调查中的应用

枣庄薛城地区为山东省五大稀土矿找矿远景区之一,具有与郗山稀土矿相似的成矿地质条件,区内存在12γ以上的航空放射性异常5处,成矿地质条件较为优越,通过本次地质、物化探综合技术手段圈定物化探异常,指导探矿工程的布设,最终在关帝庙地区发现稀土矿体3条,稀土矿化体18个,取得了找矿突破,总结区内综合勘查方法应用经验,对指导类似地区稀土矿的找矿具有一定的借鉴意义。     

山东微山稀土矿床成矿预测分析

微山稀土矿是鲁西地区已查明的一处中型稀土矿床,研究表明,目前的开采深度还处于岩体顶部的脉状矿体,成矿流体温度剖面初步揭示了高温区域随深度增加有明显收窄的趋势,经勘查工程验证,稀土矿脉深部厚度增大,数量增多,总体矿化强度增强。该文总结了微山稀土矿成矿要素和找矿标志,在成矿要素划分的基础上,增加放射性异常特征,建立了10个要素组成的预测要素表。依据地质成果,叠加放射性异常,编制了预测模型图,圈定出3个最小预测成矿靶区,编号分别为1~#,2~#,3~#。其中,1~#成矿预测区内有石英脉出露,推测为地下岩浆热液填充裂隙形成石英脉,存在伴生矿脉的可能;2~#成矿预测区包含2个放射性异常,南东侧为(12)号含稀土石英重晶石矿脉,推断该预测区浅部可能存在NW向延伸的隐伏矿脉;3~#成矿预测区包含4个放射异常区,异常区周边发育(15)(16)号含稀土矿脉,是最为有利的稀土矿找矿地段。验证已发现多个新矿脉,厚度在2.35～8.90m,稀土氧化物品位(TRE_2O_3)2.35%～6.40%,显示成矿预测区具有较好的稀土矿找矿潜力。     

鲁中隆起区稀土矿成矿地质特征及找矿前景分析

鲁中隆起区位于沂沭断裂带西侧,区内与稀土成矿有关的岩浆岩和断裂构造发育,圈定多处放射性异常,La、Y等地球化学异常和独居石、钍石等重砂异常,具有较好的稀土矿成矿地质条件。区内已发现稀土矿床（点）6处,矿化点10处,显示了较大的找矿潜力。区内稀土矿成矿类型主要为岩浆热液型,典型稀土矿为郗山稀土矿;有些矿化点成矿类型为伟晶岩型和冲洪积型。成矿期主要为中生代白垩纪,有些矿化点成矿期为新太古代、中奥陶纪和第四纪。区内内生稀土矿主要控矿因素为与稀土矿成因相关的岩浆岩和构造。与稀土矿成因相关的岩浆岩主要为中生代的郗山、沙沟、关帝庙、鹿野、腰关、崔家沟、东马山单元和古生代常马庄单元。本文总结了区内稀土矿成矿规律,划分成矿远景区3个;划分找矿靶区11个,分析了今后区内找矿方向和工作方法,以期实现稀土矿成矿新突破。     

宁夏卫宁北山地区金场子金矿区找矿模型及成矿预测

卫宁北山地区位于北祁连造山带东段,是宁夏境内金多金属矿床成矿条件最好、成矿迹象最多的地区之一,其中金场子金矿是该地区已知最大的金矿床。在归纳该区近年来找矿成果基础上,对金场子金矿床控矿因素、找矿标志和深部矿化规律进行了总结,构建了基于地-物-化多要素的综合找矿模型,并对矿区及外围、深部找矿靶区进行了圈定。研究表明:金场子金矿控矿因素主要为构造和地层,其中控矿构造表现为东西向断裂、北东向断裂及其次生裂隙为主,控矿地层表现为特定的地层层位及岩性组合。赤铁矿-褐铁矿化、硅化、绢云母化、黄铁矿化、黄钾铁矾化等围岩蚀变,Au-Ag-As-Sb化探组合异常以及中电阻率、中-高极化率地球物理异常为该区主要找矿标志。综合控矿因素和找矿标志,构建了矿区金矿综合找矿模型,并以此圈定地表找矿靶区6处,并进一步根据矿化深部变化规律圈定深部找矿靶区3处。通过对矿区及外围靶区开展地球化学剖面测量以及深部靶区钻探工作,验证了此次靶区圈定的合理性,为今后该地区找矿工作起到了很好的示范作用。      

“三位一体”找矿预测理论在山东省七宝山矿集区的应用

依据勘查区找矿预测理论方法,对山东省七宝山矿集区进行找矿预测研究工作,通过总结成矿地质体、成矿构造与成矿结构面、成矿作用特征标志,认为矿集区内成矿地质体为次火山岩体,成矿构造为隐爆角砾岩筒、原生断裂、次生断裂,成矿结构面为隐爆角砾岩筒、断裂及层凝灰岩与次火山岩岩性界面;成矿作用特征标志:金线头金铜矿为隐爆角砾岩+镜铁矿+硅化+黄铁矿,七宝山铜及多金属矿为构造蚀变岩+锰矿化+铁帽。建立七宝山地区陆相火山热液型矿床综合找矿预测模型,圈定七宝山找矿靶区,通过查证,发现含矿隐爆角砾岩带一条,估算求得铜金属量1.47万t;铅金属量1.39万t。本次"三位一体"研究成果,对矿集区开展找矿预测工作具有较强的指导意义。     

青海省祁连县黑刺沟金矿地质特征及找矿前景

黑刺沟金矿区位于托莱山成矿带之中西部,区内NWW,NW,近NE向断裂及次级构造发育;成矿地质背景良好。为查明区内成矿地质条件,扩大找矿前景,采用激电中梯测量与探矿工程相结合的方法,圈定了8条矿化蚀变体13条金矿体,其中⑤号矿体是区内主要矿体,金品位(1.05～3.42)×10~(-6),平均品位1.59×10~(-6)。矿体呈透镜状、脉状,产状与断裂构造蚀变带产状基本一致,含矿岩石为凝灰质碎裂岩、构造角砾岩,围岩为早奥陶世阴沟群片理化凝灰岩、安山质凝灰岩,围岩蚀变主要为硅化、黄铁矿化、碳酸盐化、褐铁矿化。该文在阐述黑刺沟金矿床地质特征的基础上,总结了找矿标志和控矿因素,认为找矿潜力较大。     

青海细细特郭勒地区金矿地质特征及找矿前景讨论

细细特郭勒地区位于东昆仑造山带西南部,昆中和昆北断裂带之间伯喀里克—香日德印支期金、铅、锌(铜、稀有、稀土)成矿带。区内古元古代金水口岩群大面积分布,华力西、印支期中-酸性侵入活动频繁,由北西西向逆断裂组与北东向平移断裂引起的次级断裂十分发育。通过近年来工作,圈定金异常,综合分析异常特征,了解区内金元素的分布及成矿元素组合特征,发现金破碎蚀变带,圈定金矿(化)体,初步查明了金矿(化)体地质特征,为区内寻找破碎蚀变岩型金矿床提供了基础资料。初步认为,本区具较好的成矿地质条件,成矿潜力较大,具寻找破碎蚀变岩型金矿有着深远的找矿前景。     

青海沟里地区水系沉积物地球化学异常特征及找矿预测

青海沟里地区是我国西北的重要金矿矿集区，为进一步探寻沟里地区的找矿潜力，以该地区１∶５万水系沉积物地球化学测量数据为研究对象，采用平均值±３倍标准差的方法提取异常下限并圈定单元素异常与综合异常，结合研究区内的地质特征对圈定的异常进行了解释与评价。在圈定找矿远景区之前，首先对研究区内德龙金矿床的水系沉积物地球化学结构特征与地质特征进行了剖析，认为北西向的断裂与 Ａｕ、Ａｓ组合异常是金的有效的找矿标志，并构建了地质－地球化学找矿模型，以此为指导圈定出热龙金矿找矿远景区；之后对成矿地质条件较好的、以铜为主的（ＨＳ０１）综合异常进行了剖析，认为其有寻找铜多金属矿的潜力，圈定了龙洼卡鲁铜多金属矿找矿远景区。后续的异常查证工作中，在热龙找矿远景区内发现了金铅矿体，在龙洼卡鲁找矿远景区内发现了铜银矿体。本研究丰富了该区的矿产类型并为该区的找矿工作指明了新方向。      

ADVANCES IN MEDICO-CHEMICAL GEOGRAPHY IN CHINA

We have made progress in medico-chemical geography as follows: the correlative law of organism with geochemical environment; the geochemico-ecological classification of chemical elements; the types of formative cause of biogeochemical provinces in China; the parabolic correlation between contents of iodine in drinking water and prevalence rate of endemic goiter; the discovery and proof of the low selenium zone in China; the successive discovery of endemic fluorosis of the types of pollution from burning coal, drinking high fluoride tea and high fluoride table salt from the year 1978; the study on chemical geography of schistosomiasis and the compilation of the Atlas of Endemic Diseases and Their Environments in the People's Republic of China.     

山东省烟台市观水镇白垩纪基岩裂隙水供水可行性分析

近年来,由于地下水污染问题加剧,山东省烟台市观水镇生活用水矛盾日益突出,急需寻找优质地下水缓解当地居民用水问题。通过水文地质调查、地球物理勘探、实施探采结合井、抽水试验和水质化验等手段,初步查明了观水镇及附近区域的蓄水构造类型及赋存规律,圈定了优质地下水的富水地段,论证了白垩纪基岩裂隙水供水可行性,为政府相关部门决策、解决村民吃水问题提供科学建议。     

临沂市与江苏省四市保障用地做法对比分析

临沂市毗邻江苏省,前者是革命老区,经济欠发达城市,后者则是全国经济发展速度最快的省份之一.经济发展形势的差异使得二者在保障用地的措施做法上产生了差别.文章以江苏省徐州市、宿迁市、南通市和扬州市为例,重点分析了经济发展较快地区化解用地矛盾的做法,并与临沂市作了比较,借以提出了可供经济欠发达地区借鉴的保障发展用地的措施建议.     

综合找矿方法在鲁西地区莱芜高家岭金矿勘查中的应用

高家岭金矿地处鲁西泰莱断陷与鲁村凹陷之间的隆起地带,矿体发育于铜冶店-孙祖断裂上盘下接触面的构造蚀变带中,通过地质、物化探综合技术手段圈定了物化探异常,指导探矿工程的布设,进而发现高家岭金矿,矿体平均品位5.61×10^-6,预测金矿金属量6788kg,达到中型矿床规模,取得了良好的找矿效果。区内综合找矿方法的应用对类似地区金矿的勘查具有借鉴意义。     

试述学校发展电化教育应注意的问题

随着信息社会的发展，新技术和新媒体的出现必然影响学校现代教育的发展。通过阐述发展学校电化教育的应注意的问题，探讨了解决问题的方法。     

Changes in the small-jellyfish community in recent decades in Jiaozhou Bay, China

We used long term monitoring data to evaluate changes in abundance and species dominance of small-jellyfish (collected with zooplankton net whose bell diameter was less than 5 cm) between 1991 and 2009 in the Jiaozhou Bay, China. Zooplankton samples were vertically towed with conical plankton net from near-bottom to surface, identified microscopically, and mapped in time-space using Grapher 7.0 and Surfer 8.0. Results show that the abundance of small-jellyfish throughout the bay had been increasing during 2001-2009 on average of 15.2 ind./m 3 , almost 5 times higher than that between 1991 and 2000. The occurrence of peak abundance shifted from spring to summer after 2000, and two peaks appeared in spring and summer, respectively, after 2005. Both the abundance and the frequency of blooms of small-jellyfish increased after 2000 in the bay. In addition, the biodiversity of jellyfish has increased significantly in recent years with a change in dominant species. Several new dominant species appeared after 2000, including Rathkae octopunctata in winter, Phialidium hemisphaericum in spring, summer, and autumn, Phialucium carolinae in spring, and Pleurobrachia globosa in summer and autumn, while some previous dominant species throughout the 1990s (Eirene ceylonensis, Zanclea costata, Lovenella assimilis, and Muggiaea atlantica) were no longer dominant after 2000. The abundance of small-jellyfish was positively correlated with the density of dinoflagellates, and the abundance of zooplankton. We believe that the changes in smalljellyfish abundance and species composition were the result of eutrophication, aquaculture and coastal construction activities around the bay. Concurrently, seawater warming and salinity decrease in recent decades promoted the growth and reproduction of small-jellyfish in the bay.     

东营郑南斜坡带砂砾岩体储层微观特征

东营凹陷郑南斜坡带砂砾岩体是古近纪沙四段沉积时期形成的以砂、砾岩为主的近岸水下扇沉积体。储集层岩石结构成熟度和成分成熟度均较低,多为双模态和复模态结构。首先对影响储集层岩石的主要成岩作用进行了描述,分析了该砂砾岩体储集层的孔隙类型和孔隙结构特征。该类砂砾岩体储集层孔隙类型多样,孔隙结构复杂,以中-低孔隙度、低渗透率储层类型为主。     

青岛市城中村土地征用(收)调查

随着全国大部分地区尤其是东部沿海区域城市化发展进入加速期,城区土地资源紧张问题愈发显现。同时城区内大片旧城区和城中村的改造,影响着城市化能否顺利实施,为了破解这一城市发展难题,青岛市国土部门创新思路,探索实施新的城中村土地征用(收)办法,全方位保障被拆迁群众的利益,推动了城市化的顺利实施,促进了社会的和谐和城市经济健康发展。     

古代雷州半岛海神信仰略析

古代,雷州半岛信仰的海神主要有伏波将军和妈祖,尤其是元代以后,妈祖影响超过伏波,这主要有三方面原因:1)妈祖得到上层统治阶级的青睐,2)雷州半岛的汉人多为福建移民,3)雷州半岛少数民族的外迁。     

Community participation in forest resource management in Nepal

Livelihood of the people in Nepal hills depends much upon forest resources in addition to farming as forest plays a critical role in the well being of the farming households where access to alternative sources, such as energy for cooking, nutrition for animals, materials for fertilizer and constructing materials for shelter, are limited. Thus, the well being of the people in the hills is directly affected by the management of these forest resources. This issue was addressed in this paper by examining the forest resource management practices and its effect on well being of rural people in two different stages in a village lying in the steep hill of Mahabharat Range in the southern hills of Kathmandu valley, Lalitpur District. The main ethnic/caste groups in the villageare Brahmin/Chhetri (high Hindu caste),Magar/Tamang (Tibeto Burmans) and Kami (occupational caste: cobbler). Currently there are four community forest users groups, with mixed ethnic membership, organized to manage the forest resources. The endowments, weak institutional settings, before 1990 helped the Bhramins, Magars and Tamangs to get access into the private forest endowment, which made them easy to get access to the forest resources, mainly fuel wood, fodder and timber in 1990 and enhanced their well beings. But the socially backward Kami could not get benefit from the institutions that existed during that time and had less chance to enhance their well beings. After the set up of different endowments during late 199os, i.e.,hand over of forest management to users groups in line with the concept of community forest,environment to use the forest resources became better for all the groups, along with the management of the forest. This enhanced the well beings of all the groups in the study village. However, the ability of Kami to use the forest resources to enhance their well beings was still lacking behind. The reason was partially due to the difference in endowments carried over from the endowments before 199o, and partly due to their occupational work and location of their settlements.