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作者根据近年来在数字化测绘实践与教学中的体会,就数字化测绘条件下地形测量对作业人员的技术要求、测绘成果的比例尺、价格等问题提出了自己的看法。 相似文献
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为了探索新的测绘技术在全要素地形测绘中的应用效果,本文使用3种目前应用较为广泛的新测绘技术以及传统数字化测图技术采集不同区域外业数据,并以多源数据为数据源生产得到全要素地形数据成果。通过采集外业检验点对多源数据生产得到的全要素地形数据成果进行精度检验,结果表明,基于野外数字化实测生产的全要素地形数据成果精度高,基于车载激光扫描与倾斜摄影测量生产的全要素地形数据成果精度最低。本文对于新型基础测绘体系下的全要素地形数据生产方式及作业流程进行了探索,并总结得出不同生产方式的适用性及效果。 相似文献
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电子地图的研究和设计,是地图学以应用计算机技术为基础而提出新的研究课题。本文简单介绍作为“野战地形测绘保障系统”子系统而研究设计电子地图制作软件的构成和功能,主要介绍电子地图制作软件中一些技术问题处理。 相似文献
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球形标靶的固定式扫描大点云自动定向方法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
根据目前地面激光扫描数据获取速度快、数据量大、测量距离远、专用特殊材料制作的标靶识别距离近、点云定向数据处理相对滞后、自动化程度低、不能适应远距离地形测量的现状,提出了从大点云中(每站1亿点以上)自动探测远距离标靶的点云定向方法。该方法首先根据标靶控制点的工程测量坐标信息,搜索到标靶所在点云环,然后对各点云环进行扇形分区,快速探测标靶,获取标靶中心扫描坐标,最后平差计算扫描仪位置参数和姿态参数,实现点云坐标到工程测量坐标的转换。该方法在普通配置的计算机上得到实现,并成功用于远距离山区地形测量,其中定向标靶半径0.162m,标靶到扫描站距离在180~700m之间。 相似文献
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针对古栈道遗址的精密测绘与三维建模的需求,该文采用无人机倾斜航空摄影测量的方法获取山崖航摄影像并生成点云,采用地面三维激光扫描的方法获取栈孔数据并生成点云,将两种点云数据利用最近点迭代算法相融合,获得融合点云并生成三角网模型,附上纹理贴图,便得到了遗址现状的三维数字模型,并利用该模型完成了虚拟复原。本次古栈道精密测绘及复原在国内尚属首次,为相关研究提供了新方法。 相似文献
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针对标靶扫描、全站仪辅助等因素造成扫描作业过程的复杂繁琐,提出了集成RTK的三维激光扫描技术测量地形的整体方案。采用网络RTK同轴同步测量扫描站坐标;两级拼接策略:地物点粗拼接与基于面搜索的ICP精确配准;采用测块四角或周边RTK点进行点云绝对定向;采用自主研发的点云测图平台进行地形测绘。通过几种典型地形的实验验证,该方案使得扫描作业效率提高了约5倍,与现行全野外数字测图方法比较,作业效率提高了约3倍。 相似文献
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Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) can record a large amount of accurate topographical information with a high spatial accuracy over a relatively short period of time. These features suggest it is a useful tool for topographical survey and surface deformation detection. However, the use of TLS to survey a terrain surface is still challenging in the presence of dense ground vegetation. The bare ground surface may not be illuminated due to signal occlusion caused by vegetation. This paper investigates vegetation-induced elevation error in TLS surveys at a local scale and its spatial pattern. An open, relatively flat area vegetated with dense grass was surveyed repeatedly under several scan conditions. A total station was used to establish an accurate representation of the bare ground surface. Local-highest-point and local-lowest-point filters were applied to the point clouds acquired for deriving vegetation height and vegetation-induced elevation error, respectively. The effects of various factors (for example, vegetation height, edge effects, incidence angle, scan resolution and location) on the error caused by vegetation are discussed. The results are of use in the planning and interpretation of TLS surveys of vegetated areas. 相似文献
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Reliable quantification of savanna vegetation structure is critical for accurate carbon accounting and biodiversity assessment under changing climate and land-use conditions. Inventories of fine-scale vegetation structural attributes are typically conducted from field-based plots or transects, while large-area monitoring relies on a combination of airborne and satellite remote sensing. Both of these approaches have their strengths and limitations, but terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) has emerged as the benchmark for vegetation structural parameterization – recording and quantifying 3D structural detail that is not possible from manual field-based or airborne/spaceborne methods. However, traditional TLS approaches suffer from similar spatial constraints as field-based inventories. Given their small areal coverage, standard TLS plots may fail to capture the heterogeneity of landscapes in which they are embedded. Here we test the potential of long-range (>2000 m) terrestrial laser scanning (LR-TLS) to provide rapid and robust assessment of savanna vegetation 3D structure at hillslope scales. We used LR-TLS to sample entire savanna hillslopes from topographic vantage points and collected coincident plot-scale (1 ha) TLS scans at increasing distances from the LR-TLS station. We merged multiple TLS scans at the plot scale to provide the reference structure, and evaluated how 3D metrics derived from LR-TLS deviated from this baseline with increasing distance. Our results show that despite diluted point density and increased beam divergence with distance, LR-TLS can reliably characterize tree height (RMSE = 0.25–1.45 m) and canopy cover (RMSE = 5.67–15.91%) at distances of up to 500 m in open savanna woodlands. When aggregated to the same sampling grain as leading spaceborne vegetation products (10–30 m), our findings show potential for LR-TLS to play a key role in constraining satellite-based structural estimates in savannas over larger areas than traditional TLS sampling can provide. 相似文献
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背负式移动激光扫描系统测绘大比例尺地形图精度试验研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
将背负式移动激光扫描系统应用在测绘大比例尺地形图中,其扫描精度至关重要。本文利用徕卡Pegasus Backpack对苏州工业园园区测绘地理信息大楼进行扫描,采用Inertial Explorer、Infinity、AoTumatic Processing对点云数据进行预处理,运用RealWorks提取特征点,将特征点在MicroStation V8联图中绘制成1:500地形图。通过与传统方法绘制的1:500地形图相叠合,发现两幅地形图具有很好重合度。对地物检测点精度分析后,得到点位中误差为0.026 m,高程中误差为0.041 m。研究结果表明徕卡Pegasus Backpack满足1:500地形图测量精度要求。 相似文献