基于INPHO系列软件的数字正射影像图的制作

INPHO是德国专业的数字摄影测量系统软件，包含空三加密、数字地面模型匹配、及数字正射影像纠正、影像拼接等日列软件。本文以数字航空影像（DMC影像）为例，阐述利用INPHO制作正射影像图的方法，进一步指出制作过程中的一些注意事项。     

应用数字图像处理技术处理数字高程模型数据和与数字高程模型数据相结合的遥感信息

本文介绍了数字图像处理技术在处理数字高程模型数据和遥感信息与数字高程模型数据相结 合的综合分析方面的应用；说明了实现人工阴影和人工立体观察像对的方法的基本原理及其在处 理数字高程模型数据上的应用；介绍了为提高遥感图像的可解译性,把遥感信息与数字高程模型 相结合,制作遥感图像的人工立体观察像对和立体透视图像的方法技术。     

JX4系统处理数码相机影像方法研究

非量测性的数码相机影像已成为摄影测量中应用研究的热点。本文提出了利用数字影像重采样实现数字摄影测量工作站(JX4)处理非量测性数码影像的理论与方法,并通过具体试验加以验证。试验结果表明,该方法可实现非量测数码影像的摄影测量一体化作业。     

基于1∶10000比例尺数字影像地图的开发与制作

通过介绍1∶10 000比例尺数字影像地图的设计开发、技术路线等情况,从而提出应用Illustrator,Photoshop软件制作1∶10 000比例尺数字影像地图的作业方法,初步探讨了以软件为核心的生产体系,倡导在生产实践中不断完善和充实,为今后数字影像地图制作的应用提供建设性的指导意见。     

大型遥感影像数据库的空间无缝数据组织

分析了我国数字正射影像产品的空间参考特性和建立大型无缝影像数据库所带来的问题，在此基础上提出了海量影像数据管理中分带存储模式和跨带漫游算法，实践证明了用这种管理方式来建立省级或国家级无缝影像数据库的科学性、有效性和实用性。     

THE EVOLUTION OF DIGITALPHOTOGRAMMETRYFROM ANALYTICAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY

The evolution of digital photogrammetry from analytical photogrammetry is outlined, partly by considering the methods employed, but with the main emphasis on mathematical and physical principles. A fundamental distinction is obvious from the nature of the primary information measurement data: the image co-ordinates with analytical photogrammetry and the digital image grey values with digital photogrammetry. For both techniques, appropriate Gauss-Markov evaluation procedures are compared. The relevant relationships between image space data and object space models are presented; radiometric considerations play a more important role than before. The evaluation of digital image grey value data is no longer based on digital image correlation. Instead, a new principle of image inversion has been introduced by directly back-projecting grey values of an image on to object space models. The numerical procedures of digital photogrammetry need some stabilisation by appropriate regularisation elements. The new concept of digital photogrammetry may be applied to imagery from almost any sensor.     

一种交互式DEM粗差检测方法

无论用何种方式建立数字高程模型(DEM),都需要有效的粗差检测(质量控制)。本文从数字影像处理的原理出发,将DEM转换成影像,并对其进行影像处理,从而对DEM中的粗差点(亦即DEM影像中的特征点)进行自动定位或消除。整个程序采用菜单及窗口环境设计,用户操作十分方便。试验结果证实了其有效性。     

地学分析在遥感专题制图中的应用

为了提高数字图像制图的质量和精度, 许多研究人员部在从不同途径探索各种有效方法。本文从地学角度出发, 以地学知识和理论为基础, 结合遥感专题制图, 对成图信息源和数字图像识别的区域参数, 作了综合分析研究。本文重点讨论数字图像冬小麦的识别制图, 用地学、生物学知识和理论, 分析冬小麦等农作物的物候规律, 研究其分类识别的最佳时相图像; 另外, 结合盐碱土等地物的模式识别制图进行了区域参数的分析、确定和量化研究。     

基于不同数据源的数字河网提取方法与空间分析

为了研究不同数据源提取数字河网的方法,本文从地形图、DEM和遥感影像三种不同来源的数据源,选取天水市麦积区颖川河为研究对象,通过采用对地形图的数字矢量化、Hc-DEM水文分析和遥感影像解译等不同方法分别提取数字化河网,并对提取结果进行空间分析。     

黄土丘陵区数字地貌模型与遥感影象分类

黄土丘陵区地形破碎、沟壑纵横，为遥感影象的土地利用自动分类带来了很大困难。仅依靠传统的光谱统计分类方法，难以达到较高的分类精度。本文拟探讨在黄土丘陵区运用大比例尺地形图数据，建立区域数字地貌模型；并在模糊数学理论的指导下，运用数字地貌模型对影象的分层分类结果进行修正和细化。研究表明，此方法能够有效地提高土地利用分类精度和机助制图比例尺。     

基于分片变换的图像Copy-Move篡改检测方法

针对图像区域复制（copy-move,C-M）篡改检测方法通常面临的特征向量维度高、计算量大等问题,提出了一种基于分片变换（slicing transform,SLT）的图像C-M篡改检测方法。通过对目标图像进行SLT变换并对图像分片进行分组合并,提取每组图像分片的局部分片密度特征对图像块进行C-M篡改检测。实验结果表明,该方法提出的局部分片密度特征向量能够较好地表征图像特征,较典型的基于分块的篡改检测方法特征维度低,具有较低的时间复杂度和较高的检测率,并且对图像篡改区域的旋转攻击和缩放攻击亦具有较好的鲁棒性。     

3D Building Modelling with Digital Map, Lidar Data and Video Image Sequences

Three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction and texture mapping of buildings or other man-made objects are key aspects for 3D city landscapes. An effective coarse-to-fine approach for 3D building model generation and texture mapping based on digital photogrammetric techniques is proposed. Three video image sequences, two oblique views of building walls and one vertical view of building roofs, acquired by a digital video camera mounted on a helicopter, are used as input images. Lidar data and a coarse two-dimensional (2D) digital vector map used for car navigation are also used as information sources. Automatic aerial triangulation (AAT) suitable for a high overlap image sequence is used to give initial values of camera parameters of each image. To obtain accurate image lines, the correspondence between outlines of the building and their line features in the image sequences is determined with a coarse-to-fine strategy. A hybrid point/line bundle adjustment is used to ensure the stability and accuracy of reconstruction. Reconstructed buildings with fine textures superimposed on a digital elevation model (DEM) and ortho-image are realistically visualised. Experimental results show that the proposed approach of 3D city model generation has a promising future in many applications.     

地面激光点云与数码影像自动高精度配准

针对地面激光雷达点云和数码光学影像非同源异质数据自动配准困难的问题,本文提出了基于互信息的两种数据同名特征高精度自动提取的方法。首先,把点云数据生成中心平面投影的反射强度图像和基于RGB信息的彩色图像,应用点云彩色图像和数码光学影像的匹配,确定点云与影像的粗配准参数;然后,对反射强度图像进行特征提取,应用粗配准参数确定其在数码光学影像上的初始位置,应用互信息实现非同源数据的高精度匹配;最后,应用罗德里格矩阵和选权迭代方法计算高精度配准参数,生成三维彩色模型。试验证明,本文方法可以解决地面激光点云和数码光学影像非同源异质数据的配准问题,具有一定的研究和应用价值。     

DIGITAL IMAGE CORRELATION: PERFORMANCE AND POTENTIAL APPLICATION IN PHOTOGRAMMETRY

A procedure for digital image correlation is described which is based on least squares window matching. The immediate aim is high precision parallax assessment, point transfer, and point measurement. Experiments and theory have confirmed the high accuracy potential of the method. By implementation of charge coupled device (CCD) video cameras in an analytical plotter, an experimental hardware and software configuration has been established with which the operational on line application of digital image correlation for conventional photogrammetric measuring tasks can be tested. First results of calibration and performance of the system are presented. They allow optimistic conclusions as to the further development and practical application of digital image processing in photogrammetry.     

Deblurring Texture Extraction from Digital Aerial Image by Reforming "Steep Edge" Curve

Texture extract from digital aerial image is widely used in three-dimensional city modeling to generate "photo-realistic" views. In this paper, a method based on reforming "Steep edge" curve, which clearly explains how the diffraction of the sunlight makes digital aerial image blurring, is proposed to deblur the texture extraction from digital aerial image, and the experiment shows a good result in visualization and automation.     

浅谈数字正射影像图的制作与应用

简述了利用原始影像制作正射影像图的方法及数字影像图在实际工作中的应用。     

浅谈计算机视觉与数字摄影测量

计算机视觉技术集数字图像处理、应用数学、模式识别及人工智能等知识于一体,其应用已经涉及到计算机图形学、图像处理与分析、机器人学等领域。数字摄影测量技术是测绘学科的一个分支,数字摄影测量已经进入计算机视觉的领域。文中简要地回顾了计算机视觉技术的发展史,主要介绍了计算机视觉与数字摄影测量的共同点及其本质差异。     

基于模糊综合评判模型数字影像地图集质量控制分析

结合《南宁市数字影像地图集》的设计和研制,引入模糊综合评判模型,分析了数字影像地图生产中包含的质量控制环节,确定影响影像地图集编绘质量的因素,建立模糊控制综合评判矩阵,对受多种因素影响的影像地图集质量做出全面评价,控制图集生产过程,用以指导影像地图集制作。     

摄影测量和数字图象处理的某些进展

本文从王之卓教授关于“数字图象处理将是摄影测量的一个新的作业领域”的观点出发,介绍了用数字图象处理的方法解决摄影测量问题方面的某些进展,主要是:快速数字微分纠正,影象增强与镶嵌,数字立体正射影象图,LANDSAT和SPOT卫星图象的参量估计与星历数据的利用。     

CCD Image System Design And Exploitation: Experiences And Lessons Learned

The use of digital imagery, acquired through charge-coupled devices (CCDs) either by the scanning of hard copy film or direct capture through the use of a CCD camera, has fundamentally changed the photogrammetric environment. In order to fully exploit these digital image data, the photogrammetrist must employ system design, implementation philosophies and processing methodologies different from those of traditional film based photogrammetry. It is now possible for these new photogrammetric systems to be operated from low cost, high performance PC and Macintosh class commercial hardware, using vendor supplied software for user developed applications. This paper explores lessons learned and experiences gained from low cost, digital photogrammetric system development and CCD image exploitation. Examples and discussion presented in this paper include: (1) integration of user developed applications with commercial hardware and software; (2) user interface design; (3) validation of processing algorithms within the digital image domain; (4) system calibration; (5) digital image data handling, management and storage; and (6) image data compression. The film based photogrammetric system provides the point of departure to digital photogrammetry. Technical knowledge, system design and implementation and CCD image exploitation provide the experience.