基于Reef Check调查的涠洲岛珊瑚礁生态状况评价

采用Reef Check（珊瑚礁健康调查法）和珊瑚礁生态系统健康指标因素分析法,对广西北海涠洲岛珊瑚礁健康状况进行评价。Reef Check调查从2001―2012年共进行了11 a,调查区为涠洲岛的竹蔗簝、公山、牛背坑3个地点,调查项目包括鱼类、无脊椎动物、珊瑚礁底质。调查结果表明：涠洲岛周边不同区域的珊瑚礁生态状况有较大差异,在竹蔗簝和牛背坑调查区的珊瑚礁覆盖率较为稳定;而在公山调查区,则发现珊瑚在2002年间出现了大面积死亡的情况,至今尚未恢复。利用珊瑚礁生态系统健康指标因素分析法对涠洲岛珊瑚礁健康状况进行评价,结果表明：竹蔗簝和牛背坑的珊瑚礁健康状态相似,都属于一般,其中牛背坑略好,而公山的珊瑚礁健康状态较差。     

向海湿地自然保护区鸟类多样性评价方法的比较研究

鸟类多样性是评价湿地生态环境质量极其敏感的指标。向海湿地自然保护区地处半干旱区,受气候和人为影响,生态环境变化极为剧烈,因此,寻求一种行之有效且简单易行的鸟类多样性评价手段,对于及时了解湿地生态环境质量的动态变化信息,提出湿地和鸟类多样性的管理和保护对策至关重要。稀疏标准化法是一种建立在物种-面积关系上的生物多样性评价方法,主要用于区域尺度上的生物多样性评估。运用改进的稀疏标准化程序,利用多年调查和收集的鸟类数据,来评价和分析向海自然保护区鸟类多样性及其变化,结合香农-威纳多样性指数和均匀度指数,分析了两种方法获取结果的相关性。评估结果表明:稀疏标准化法获取的鸟类多样性和均匀度信息与传统的香农-威纳多样性指数和Pielou均匀度指数间具有显著的相关关系,可以用于鸟类的多样性和均匀度评价,且具有科学、直观、运算简捷、快速等优势。     

丹顶鹤栖息地恢复导向型湿地可持续运维模式：以盐城射阳河口湿地为例

可持续运维是国内湿地修复工程常常被忽略的问题,成为目前湿地恢复工程的短板。以江苏盐城国家级珍禽自然保护区的北三实验区的射阳河口地块为例,提出了一种湿地可持续运维模式,在恢复丹顶鹤栖息地的同时,通过为社会提供优质、生态、高品质的湿地农产品,保证湿地修复工程的长期健康运维。湿地修复工程预计恢复各类型湿地面积2 306 hm2,预计可为约38只丹顶鹤提供越冬场所,17 000只其它鸟类提供栖息场所。通过湿地可持续运维,预计9 a内实现项目运维投入平衡,32 a内实现项目建设费用、运维费用与产出平衡。     

未来海平面上升对涠洲岛珊瑚礁的可能影响

根据涠洲岛珊瑚样品资料和涠洲岛海洋站实测雨量、盐度、pH、潮位、最大波高及珊瑚普查历史资料,分析气候变化、海平面上升对涠洲岛珊瑚礁的可能影响。结果显示:1)涠洲岛的多年平均雨量为1388mm,多年平均盐度为32.1,目前海水pH值为8.0~8.23,均在珊瑚生长合适范围内;2)用P-Ⅲ型算式得出涠洲岛的水文要素百年一遇极值为:年雨量2313mm,最高潮位514cm,最大波高6.1m;3)涠洲岛珊瑚生长率(6~8mm/a)大于海平面上升率(2.2mm/a),涠洲岛最大潮差为450~500cm,夏季白天遇低潮时,会增加珊瑚白化概率;4)若未来海平面上升30cm,遇上512cm高潮位与580cm最大波高,不会对涠洲岛珊瑚礁造成毁灭性破坏。     

黄河三角洲滨海湿地的生物多样性特征及保护对策

黄河三角洲滨海湿地具有以下生物多样性特点;不同类型的湿地中生物多样性差别显著;生物的态适应类型复杂;生物区系的地理分布成分有一定规律性;资源性动植物物种多;国家重点保护物种和濒危物种多。受自然因素和人为因素的影响,黄河三角洲滨海湿地出现了天然湿地面积减小、土壤盐渍化程度加重、湿地生态服务功能退化、湿地生物多样性水平下降等问题。为了保护黄河三角洲滨海湿地的生物多样性,提出了加强黄河三角洲自然保护区的基础设施建设、实施湿地生态恢复工程、建设黄河三角洲高效生态经济区、加强宣传教育以提高全民生物多样性保护意识、加强黄河三角洲湿地科学研究等对策。     

广西涠洲岛海域珊瑚礁现状及其保护策略研究

通过对2005年涠洲岛珊瑚礁生态调查,结合对以往资料和数据的分析,对比1984年和1964年2次调查结果,掌握涠洲岛珊瑚礁的现状.同时讨论了涠洲岛珊瑚礁区面临的生存威胁,提出保护和管理涠洲岛珊瑚礁的建议,以期建立可持续的生态旅游开发与新型的生态保护生态管理体系.     

新疆乌鲁木齐柴窝堡湖国家湿地公园的湿地保护和恢复

根据新疆乌鲁木齐柴窝堡湖国家湿地公园的湿地资源和水资源现状,分析了湿地公园水源补给不足、水质污染的问题。通过实施水质保护恢复工程、湿地生态环境恢复工程、栖息地恢复工程、野生动物保护等生态修复措施,达到保护湿地以及生物多样性的目的,同时缓解该区域因地下水超采引起的生态恶化,提高水资源的利用效率,促进湿地的保护和恢复。     

丘区河流性湿地保护与恢复工程:以重庆濑溪河国家湿地公园为例

濑溪河国家湿地公园位于重庆市荣昌区,地处西南地区腹心地带,是集天然河流与人工湿地于一体的复合型湿地生态系统,具有典型的西南丘区河流湿地特征。濑溪河国家湿地公园实施了水质保护、水质净化、鸟类生境保护、河岸多塘系统恢复、河岸林网络系统修复、河岸廊道修复等保护与恢复工程,取得了显著的湿地保护成效,为西南地区丘区河流湿地公园的保护与恢复提供了重要依据。     

基于鹭类生境需求的海岸带海陆一体化修复

以泉州湾河口湿地为研究对象,开展海陆一体化修复工程,包括滩涂红树植物种植和互花米草控制、鱼塘改造和退养还湿、海陆交错带植被修复等手段。通过评估植被和生境恢复情况,对比修复前后鹭科鸟类的群落组成变化,探讨滨海湿地修复对鸟类的生态作用和修复的有效性。结果表明:修复工程开展后,滩涂和鱼塘生境得到了改善;海陆交错带植被覆盖率和植被指数NDVI呈上升趋势;研究区内共记录到鹭科鸟类11种18164只次;与修复前相比,修复后第2年鹭类种类和数量均呈现一定程度的下降;修复后第4年鹭类数量显著增加。泉州湾河口湿地修复工程为鹭类提供了更多适宜的栖息环境,对鹭类多样性保护具有重要意义。     

南京首部湿地保护规划出台

正近日,《南京市湿地保护规划(2018—2030年)》出台。规划期内,确保全市湿地总量不下降,修复湿地面积2?133?hm~2;新建溧水东屏湖、六合池杉湖、六合兴隆洲、长江(鱼嘴)4处省级湿地公园,同时还将新建石臼湖小天鹅湿地自然保护区。根据《规划》,南京市将重点开展石臼湖、固城湖退田(圩、渔)还湖(湿)工程,开展长江、入江河流及主干河流生态修复,建立和实施栖息地修复等工程,建设水源涵养林,到2020年,修复各     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Development and Environment in Peninsular Malaysia . S. Robert Aiken, Colin H. Leigh, Thomas R. Leinbach, Michael R. Moss. The Rural-Urban Fringe: Canadian Perspectives . Ken B. Beesley and Lorne H. Russwurm, eds. Women and Development . Lourdes Benería, ed. The Border that Joins: Mexican Migrants and U.S. Responsibility . Peter G. Brown and Henry Shue, eds. Cities of the World: World Regional Urban Development . Stanley D. Brunn and Jack L. Williams, eds. Time Resources, Society, and Ecology: On the Capacity for Human Interaction in Space and Time (Vol. I, Preindustrial Societies). Tommy Carlstein. Urban Geography . David Clark. Spanish City Planning in North America . Dora P. Crouch, Daniel J. Garr, and Axel I. Mundigo. Not On Our Street: Community Attitudes to Mental Health Care . M. J. Dear and S. M. Taylor Unequal growth: Urban and Regional Employment Change in the U.K. Stephen Fothergill and Graham Gudgin. Agricultural Land in an Urban Society . Owen J. Furuseth and John T. Pierce. The Petroleum Industry in Oil-Importing Developing Countries . Fariborz Ghadar. Historical Understanding in Geography, An Idealist Approach . Leonard Guelke. Regional Planning in Europe . R. Hudson and J. R. Lewis, eds. Remote Sensing for Resource Management . Chris J. Johannsen and James L. Sanders, eds. Geography and The State . R. J. Johnston. Texas Graveyards: a Cultural Legacy . Tlrry G. Jordan. The Politics of Location: An Introduction . Andrew Kirby. A Social Geography of the City . David Ley. Energy and the Future . Douglas MacLean and Peter Brown, eds. The Natural Environment of Newfoundland Past and Present . A. G. Macpherson and J. B. Macpherson, eds. Tourism: Economic, Physical and Social Impacts . Alister Mathieson and Geoffrey Wall. Railroads and Land Grant Policy: A Study in Government Intervention . Lloyd J. Mercer. Progress in Rural Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Progress in Urban Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Models of Spatial Inequality: Settlement Patterns in Historical Archaeology . Robert Paynter. Natural Hazard Risk Assessment and Public Policy, Anticipating the Unexpected . William J. Petak and Arthur A. Atkisson. The Nature of Geomorphology . Alistair F. Pitty. Regional Conflict and National Policy . Kent A. Price Women and Spatial Change: Learning Resources for Social Science Courses . Arlene C. Rengert and Janice J. Monk, eds. Urban and Regional Analysis for Development Planning . Richard Rhoda. Rivers: Form and Process in Alluvial Channels . Keith Richards. This Remarkable Continent: An Atlas of United States and Canadian Society and Culture . John F. Rooney, Jr., Wilbur Zelinsky, and Dean R. Louder, gen. eds. The Origins of Open-Field Agriculture . Trevor Rowley, ed. Residential Location Determinants of the Older Population . Gundars Rudzitis. Borderland Sourcebook: A Guide to the Literature on Northern Mexico and the American Southwest . Ellwyn R. Stoddard, Richard L. Nostrand, and Jonathan P. West, eds. Arctic and Antarctic . David Sugden. Tall Timbers Ecology and Management Conference, February 22–24, 1979, Proceedings No. 16 . Graphic Communication and Design in Contemporary Cartography (Progress in Contemporary Cartography , Vol. II). D. R. Fraser Taylor, ed. Living with Energy Shortfall: A Future for American Towns and Cities . Jon Van Til. The United States: Habitation of Hope . J. Wreford Watson. Air Photo Interpretation for Archaeologists . D. R. Wilson. Urban and Rural Change in West Germany . Trevor Wild, ed. Population and Resources . Harry Robinson.     

Assessment of GIAHS in Shizuoka: The Traditional Tea-grass Integrated System

<正>1 Introduction In 2013,Chagusaba,which is traditional tea-grass integrated system in Shizuoka,were accepted as new world heritage site of agriculture.Shizuoka prefecture occupies a variety of elevations,from 0 to 3000m or more above sea level.Because of the diversity of land features and climates,this area produces 167 agricultural commodities.In addition,a lot of traditional agriculture and over200 local native varieties of crops have been conserved in Shizuoka     

ERAHS: A New Platform for the Exchange of Regional Information and Experience on Agricultural Heritage Systems

<正>There are more than 10000 years of agricultural development history in the world that has provided very fruitful and ingenious traditional knowledge and experiences reflecting the evolution of humanity and the nature.In2002,the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations(FAO)initiated an international partnership initiative of"Conservation and Adaptive Management of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Geography and the Third World. International Seminar, 14–18 May 1980, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia . Ishmail Ahmad and Jamaluddin Md Jahi, eds. The Growth Dilemma: Residents' Views and Local Population Change in the United States . Mark Baldassare. Sport and Place: A Geography of Sport in England, Scotland & Wales . John Bale. The Deindustrialization of America: Plant Closings, Community Abandonment, and the Dismantling of Basic Industry . Barry Bluestone and Bennett Harrison. Selected Essays 1963–1975: Carl O. Sauer . Bob Callahen, ed. Housing and Planning in the Countryside . G. Clark. Conflict, Politics and the Urban Scene . Kevin R. Cox and R. J. Johnston, eds. Thematic Maps: Their Design and Production . David J. Cuff and Mark T. Mattson. Wine: A Geographic Appreciation . Harm Jan de Blij. USSR in Maps . J. C. Dewdney. Political Geography: A Contemporary Perspective . Ramesh D. Dikshit. Rethinking Human Adaptation . Rada Dyson-Hudson and Michael A. Little, eds. Sacred Sands: The Struggle for Community in the indiana Dunes . J. Ronald Engel. Geography of the Biosphere . A. Furley and Walter W. Newey. Disaster and Reconstruction . Robert Geipel. Glasgow: The Making of a City . Andrew Gibb. Design for Arid Regions . Giden S. Golany, ed. Urbanization and Cancer Mortality: The United States Experience, 1950–1975 . Michael R. Greenberg. Geology in the Nineteenth Century: Changing Views of a Changing World . Mott T. Greene. Colonización y Destrucción de Bosques en Panamá . Stanley Heckadon Moreno and Alberto McKay, eds. Urban Geography: A First Approach . David T. Herbert and Colin J. Thomas. The Visual and Spatial Structure of Landscapes . Tadahiko Higuchi. Climate from Tree Rings . M. K. Hughes, P. M. Kelly, J. R. Pilcher, and V. C. LaMarche, Jr., eds. The structure of Nineteenth Century Cities . James H. Johnson and Colin G. Pooley, eds. The American Planner: Biographies and Recollections . Donald A. Krueckeberg, ed. Urban Land Policy For the 1980s, the Message for State and Local Government . George Lefcoe, ed. Regional Planning: Evolution, Crisis and Prospects . Gill C. Lim, ed. Relevance and Ethics In Geography . Bruce Mitchell and Dianne Draper. China: The Geography of Development and Modernization . Clifton W. Pannell and Laurence J. C. MA. The Urban Retailing System . Robert B. Potter. Hants. Nonconventional Energy Resources . Philip R. Pryde. Caribbean Migrants: Environment and Human Survival on St. Kitts and Nevis . Bonham C. Richardson. Population and Resources . Harry Robinson. East Los Angeles: History of A Barrio . Ricardo Romo. Integrated Impact Assessment . Frederick A. Rossini and Alan L. Porter, eds. Environmental Aesthetics: Essays in Interpretation . Barry Sadler and Allen Carlson, eds. Earthwatch . Charles Sheffield. Field Techniques and Research Methods in Geography . Robert H. Stoddard. Haiti: Land of Poverty . Robert J. Tata. Weathering and Erosion: Sources and Methods in Geography . Stephen T. Trudgill. Once Beneath the Forest. Prehistoric Terracing in the Río Bec Region of the Maya Lowlands . B. L. Turner, II. The Historical Geography of Scotland since 1707 . David Turnock.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: The City in Cultural Context . John Agnew, John Mercer, David Sopher, eds. Soils and Geomorphology Peter W. Birkeland. Urbanization and Settlement Systems, International Perspectives . L. S. Bourne, R. Sinclair, and K. Dziewoński. eds. An Introduction to Urban Historical Geography . Harold Carter. Overshoot, The Ecological Basis of Revolutionary Change . William J. Catton, Jr. Rivers of the World . Eberhard Czaya. Jewish Communities in Frontier Societies: Argentina, Australia and South Africa . Daniel J. Elazar with Peter Medding. Color in Public Spaces: Toward a Communication-Based Theory of the Urban Built Environment. Kenneth E. Foote. Spatial Statistics and Models. Gary L. Gaile and Cort J. Willmott, eds. Mega-Geomorphology. Rita Gardner and Helen Scoging, eds. Technological Change and Regional Development. Gillespie, ed. The Arid Lands: Their Use and Abuse. R. L. Heathcote. The Location of Industry in Britain. A. G. Hoare. Groundwater as a Geomorphic Agent . R. G. LaFleur, ed. Rural Public Services: International Comparisons. Richard E. Lonsdale and Gyorgy Enyedi, eds. Saving Water in a Desert City. William E. Martin, Helen M. Ingram, Nancy K. Laney, and Adrian H. Griffin. Water Resources: Distribution, Use and Management. John R. Mather. Transnationals and the Third World: The Struggle for Culture. Armand Mattelart. South Hadley, MA: USGS Digital Cartographic Data Standards. R. B. McEwen, R. E. Witmer, and B. S. Ramey, eds. The Ecosystem Concept in Anthropology. Emilio F. Moran, ed. Boulder, CO: Women, Men, and the International Division of Labor. June Nash and Maria Patricia Fernandez-Kelly, eds. Nuclear Power: Assessing and Managing Hazardous Technology. Martin J. Pasqualetti and K. David Pijawka, eds. Mary Somerville and the Cultivation of Science 1815-1840. Elizabeth Chalmers Patterson. An Introduction to Coastal Geomorphology. John Pethick. Late Quaternary Environments of the United States , Vol. 1, The Late Pleistocene. Stephen C. Porter, ed. Planning and Ecology. R. D. Roberts and T. M. Roberts, eds. Regionalism and the Pacific Northwest. William G. Robbins, Robert J. Frank, and Richard E. Ross, eds. Environment and Health. Anthony J. Rowland and Paul Cooper. Sunbelt/Snowbelt: Urban Development and Regional Restructuring. Larry Sawers and William K. Tabb, eds. The Bad Earth. Environmental Degradation in China. Vaclav Smil. Armonk, NY: Voyage into Substance: Art, Science, Nature, and the Illustrated Travel Account, 1760–1840. Barbara Maria Stafford. The Institute of British Geographers: The First Fifty Years. Robert W. Steel. Visions of the Past. Christopher Taylor and Richard Muir. Glacial Lake Agassiz. J. T. Teller and Lee Clayton, eds. The Tule Breakers: The Story of the California Dredge. John Thompson and Edward A. Dutra. The Balkan City 1400–1900. Nikolai Todorov. Explanation, Prediction and Planning: the Lowry model. Michael J. Webber. Mercedes Reales: Hispanic Land Grants of the Upper Rio Grande Region. Victor Westphall. The World Atlas of Revolutions. Andrew J. M. Wheatcroft. The West European City, A Social Geography. Paul White. Urban Elites and Mass Transportation. J. Allen Whitt. Princeton, NJ: Urban Life In Contemporary China. Martin King Whyte and William L. Parish. The Demand for Energy in the Soviet Union. David Wilson. London and Canberra: Rethinking Geographical Inquiry. J. David Wood, ed.     

PRODUCTIVITY OF AMERICAN PH.D.-GRANTING DEPARTMENTS OF GEOGRAPHY

Reviews of geographic software in this article:

DEMO-GRAPHICS: WORLD POPULATIONS AND PROJECTIONS.

ESP

GAUSS.

CEMODEL S. Damus

LIMDEP. William H. Greene

MICROSTAT 4.1

OTIS

PCIPS. (Personal Computer Image Processing System). H.J. Meyers and R. Bernstein.

REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF TIME SERIES (RATS)

SPSS/PC+

URBAN DATA MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (UDMS)     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Rabat: Urban Apartheid in Morocco . Janet Abu -Lughod . Marketplaces in a Developing Country: The Case of Western Nigeria . Isaac Ayinde Adalemo . Farming Development and Space: A World Agricultural Geography . Bernd Andreae . Section and Party: A Political Geography of American Presidential Elections, from Andrew Jackson to Ronald Reagan . J. Clark Archer and Peter J. Taylor . Women and Space: Ground Rules and Social Maps . Shirley Ardener , ed. European Progress in Spatial Analysis . R. J. Bennett , ed. The Origins of Academic Geography in the United States . Brian W. Blouet Geographic Perspectives on Global Problems . Ronald Reed Boyce . Seasonal Dimensions to Rural Poverty . Robert Chambers , Richard Longhurst and Arnold Pacey eds. The New Nationalism and the Use of Common Spaces: Issues in Marine Pollution and the Exploitation of Antarctica . Jonathan I. Charney , ed. Communications Tomorrow: The Coming of the Information Society . Edward Cornish , ed. The Design of Suburbia . Arthur Edwards . Explorer on the Northern Plains: Lieutenant Gouverneur K. Warren's Preliminary Report of Explorations in Nebraska and Dakota in the Years 1855–56–57. With an Introduction by Frank N. Schubert . The Changing Climate: Responses of the Natural Flora and Fauna . Michael J. Ford . Essentials of Physical Geography . Robert E. Gabler , Robert J. Sager , Sheila Brazier , and Daniel L. Wise. The Road to Jaramillo . William Glen . Valued Environments . John R. Gold and Jacquelin Burgess , eds. Proximity and Preference: Problems in the Multidimensional Analysis of Large Data Sets . Reginald G. Golledge and John N. Rayner , eds. A Search for Common Ground . Peter Gould and Gunnar Olsson , eds. Geography: Its History and Concepts . Arild Holt -Jensen . A Population Geography . Huw R. Jones . The Human Mosaic: A Thematic Introduction to Cultural Geography, 3rd ed. Terry G. Jordan and Lester Rowntree . Urban Social Geography: An Introduction . Paul Knox . The Anatomy of Job Loss: The How, Why and Where of Employment Decline . Doreen Massey and Richard Meegan . The Information Society as Post-Industial Society . Yoneji Masuda . Map Librarianship, 2nd ed. Harold Nichols . India: Cultural Patterns and Processes . Allen G. Noble and Ashok K. Dutt , eds. The God that Limps: Science and Technology in the Eighties . Colin Norman . Geography: An Introductory Perspective . Robert E. Norris , Keith D. Harries and John D. Vitek . The Politics of Technology Assessment . David M. O'Brien and Donald A. Marchand . Ethnic Segregation in Cities . Ceri Peach , Vaughan Robinson and Susan Smith , eds. Churches and Church Membership in the United States, 1980 . Bernard Quinn , Herman Anderson , Martin Bradley , Paul Goetting and Peggy Shriver . Energy in Australia: Politics and Economics . Hugh Saddler . Development from Above or Below? The Dialectics of Regional Planning in Developing Countries . Walter B. Stóuhr and D. R. Fraser Taylor , eds. Human Impact on the Ecosystem . Joy Tivy and Greg O'Hare . Plants and People: Vegetation Change in North America . Thomas R. Vale . The Mapmakers: The Story of the Great Pioneers in Cartography from Antiquity to the Space Age . John Noble Wilford .     

Journal of Resources and Ecology Total Contents of Volume 5, 2014

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