城市轨道交通对沿线住宅价格的时空效应——以福州地铁1号线为例

随着中国城市轨道交通的大力发展,城市轨道交通对沿线住宅价格的影响引起广泛关注,探索其时空效应有助于预测未来新建轨道交通的影响以及帮助政府制定合理的房价调控和城市土地利用政策。以福州地铁1号线为例,探讨城市轨道交通从建设前到建成运营的过程中,对站点周边2 km范围内住宅价格产生的时空效应。结果表明：① 城市轨道交通沿线住宅价格受到区位、邻里、建筑等多方面因素的综合作用,其中,城市轨道交通对沿线住宅价格有显著的增值效应,中高价位住宅市场受到城市轨道交通的影响最为明显。② 空间维度上,住宅价格随着与轨道交通距离的增大而呈现不同程度的递减,至轨道交通站点距离每减少1 km,住宅价格增加5.1 %。轨道交通对沿线住宅价格具有显著的分市场效应,中心城区市场的影响半径大于非中心城区市场,平均空间影响范围为1.5 km;而非中心城区市场的影响强度要远高于中心城区市场,在400 m范围内住宅价格受到轨道交通的影响最大。③ 时间维度上,城市轨道交通在建设期和运营期对沿线住宅价格均呈现出正向影响,且运营期对住宅价格的影响显著高于建设期,运营期相较于建设期平均涨幅达19.63 %;同时,轨道交通的开通给住宅价格带来的效应远大于调控政策以及宏观经济因素的影响。     

基于网络大数据的城市轨道交通时空溢价效应研究

城市轨道交通是大城市缓解交通拥堵的重要公共交通方式,其对周边住宅的时空溢价效应一直是城市研究热点,但传统研究存在样本量少、数据时间跨度短、忽视预期效应等问题。该文利用网络爬虫获取住宅交易大数据,以天津市地铁6号线为例,采用直接比较法、特征价格模型测度城市轨道交通对沿线住宅价格的时空溢价效应,结果表明:1)空间尺度上,轨道交通对沿线住宅价格具有显著溢价效应,但溢价程度并非随着距轨道交通站点距离的增加而下降,而是呈现先上升后下降的“倒U形”趋势。其中,500~1000 m的影响区溢价幅度最大,溢价率高达17.2%。2)时间尺度上,轨道交通对住宅价格的影响具有超前效应,在施工期溢价就已显现,且在首个开通运营年达到峰值,说明住宅价格对开通运营这一“标志性”事件反应强烈。3)受心理预期效应的影响,轨道交通全线开通运营的溢价效应明显低于首个开通运营年的溢价效应。研究结论可为公共交通导向模式下城市综合开发和轨道交通的“溢价回收”策略提供决策支持。     

上海市三甲医院对周边地区住房价格的空间影响效应分析

选取上海市区7家三级甲等综合性医院,运用特征价格模型和多元回归分析方法,实证分析它们对周边住宅价格的空间影响效应。研究结果显示：① 总体上,相比其他环境区位因素,三甲医院对周边住宅价格的影响程度较小,而建筑面积、物业管理费、学区房、轨道交通、建筑楼高、至 CBD 的距离等因素的影响程度较大。② 三甲综合医院对周边住宅价格产生负面影响。在相同情况下,住宅离医院距离越近,则价格越低。住宅与医院的距离每缩短50 m,住宅价格平均下浮0.602%。③ 由于三甲综合医院区位各不相同,距离CBD远近不一,对住宅价格的影响也存在空间差异。一般来说,距离CBD越近,住宅价格受医院的负面影响也越小。     

轨道交通对住宅的溢价效应与价值捕获机制——以合肥轨道交通1号线为例

以合肥轨道交通1号线为例,首先,构建站点区域的住宅价格拟合模型,其次,解析住宅的空间增值规律与各拟合指标的溢价效力,并进一步提取站点区域住宅项目溢价增值特征,最后梳理价值捕获机制并提出优化策略。研究表明：1）合肥轨道交通1号线对沿线住宅价格的影响显著,并随距轨道交通站点距离的增加,住宅价格不断衰减。2）不同指标要素对站点区域住宅溢价效力不同,其中区位交通层面指标的溢价贡献最大,其次是邻里环境层面指标,建筑形态层面指标的贡献最小。3）依据模型得分结果构建四元组对站点区域进行评估,能识别站点区域的溢价规律与地理效应,建立轨道交通站点区域溢价效应与价值捕获的系统联系。同时基于合肥实践,针对中国公有制土地制度,通过剖析轨道融资与溢价捕获的互动关系,提出了适应性的土地利用策略与溢价分配方法,以推动轨道交通溢价归公、城市居民共享地利和社会经济可持续发展。     

轨道交通对住宅价格和土地开发强度的影响——以北京市13号线为例

理论分析表明,轨道交通对郊区住宅价格的影响要大于城市中心区。针对北京市地铁13号线周边住宅的实证研究结果验证了这一理论。在郊区,轨道交通站点周边1km内的住宅价格要比1km外高出近20%,而在中心区这一效应并不显著。此外,随着城市交通网络的完善,13号线对住宅价格的影响在开通2年后不再显著。同时,轨道交通在两个方面对城市的土地开发强度产生显著影响。13号线的建设推动了北京市土地开发向北部郊区的跳跃式发展;同时抬高了郊区轨道交通站点周边的土地开发强度-与13号线郊区站点的距离每缩短3.3km,住宅项目的容积率提高1.0。本研究的定量分析结论能够为"交通引导开发"(TOD)的城市空间发展战略,以及轨道交通的费用效益分析和"溢价回收"策略提供决策支持。     

轨道交通对其沿线商品住宅价格的影响分析——以北京地铁5号线为例

以北京地铁5 号线为例,研究了地铁沿线两侧2 km范围内,轨道交通对其沿线商品住宅价格的影响程度。① 通过分析商品住宅价格特性和影响因素,建立了轨道交通沿线商品住宅价格的影响因素体系,包括商品住宅项目距最近地铁站的最短路径距离、距市级商服中心距离、周边1 km内公交站点数、中小学及项目容积率、物业类型等10 个因素;② 通过显著性检验,重点中小学、普通中小学、公园3 个变量对商品住宅的价格影响很小,予以剔除后,构建了影响商品住宅价格的多元回归分析模型;③ 将采集到的193 个项目的有效样本进行运算分析,研究结果表明轨道交通对沿线商品住宅价格的影响最大,并随距轨道交通距离的增加,住宅价格呈指数衰减,至2 km以后,对住宅价格影响不显著。针对研究结果,建议地铁沿线土地利用强度和住宅价格确定时,要充分考虑轨道交通的影响。     

城市轨道交通对住宅价格的影响研究——基于特征价格模型的定量分析

以上海市轨道交通8号线为例,采用特征价格法定量研究城市轨道交通对沿线住宅价格的影响.研究结果发现,城市轨道交通对沿线住宅价格有显著的增值效应,站点的影响半径为l～1.5km,但是不同站点对周边住宅价格影响的空间效应有所不同,影响半径与影响强度均存在差异;时间效应方面,轨道交通开工建设的第一年与开通运营的第一年对住宅价格的增值幅度最大,建设中期增值幅度有所回落,轨道交通建设引起的噪音、空气污染以及交通不便等因素是造成增幅回落的原因.     

广州地铁三号线对周边住宅价格的时空影响效应

以广州地铁3号线及周边住宅项目为例,综合运用可达性相等理论、比较分析法、hedonic模型和GIS空间分析技术,计算地铁对周边住宅价格的影响范围,实证分析其时空影响效应。空间效应结果表明:①地铁站点离市中心越近,影响范围越小,离城区越远,影响范围越大;②地铁对周边住宅具有明显的增值作用,住宅价格与地铁距离间呈显著的正向关系,距离越远影响效应越小;③分区域来看,地铁3号线对番禺区影响较显著,影响范围内住宅平均增值20.48%,而天河和海珠区影响范围内住宅平均增值8.73%。时间效应方面,地铁规划期对天河区和海珠区的房价影响不明显,对番禺区房价具有明显的正效应;施工期对周边房价的影响为先负向而后变为正向;运营期其正向影响更加明显。     

轨道交通对沿线住宅价格影响的分市场研究——以深圳市龙岗线为例

研究轨道交通对沿线住宅价格的影响有助于将轨道交通带来的外部效益转化为内部收益,对城市地铁的建设和运营具有重要意义。在真实城市空间中,由于空间异质性的存在,轨道交通对不同区域的影响并非都是相同的,因而需要划定分市场进行研究。本研究以深圳龙岗线郊区段为对象,首先运用Moran'I 指数证实了空间自相关效应的存在,并构造变量将空间自相关效应纳入模型进行控制,结合其他变量构建了4 个Hedonic 模型,然后通过Chow Statistics 检验划定远郊段和近郊段2 个分市场,最后运用最优的Hedonic 模型对轨道交通影响住宅价格的分市场进行研究并解释其形成原因。研究结果表明：① 轨道交通在近郊段对沿线住宅价格具有正向影响;② 轨道交通对沿线住宅价格影响存在分市场效应,不同分市场中轨道交通对沿线住宅价格的影响程度差异较大,龙岗线近郊段对沿线住宅价格具有正向影响,远郊段对沿线住宅价格具有负向影响;③ 可以通过Chow Statistics检验来划定分市场,龙岗线近郊段和远郊段的分界点为“六约—丹竹头”,近郊段分市场的空间范围可能与城市的平均通勤时间有关;④分市场的形成原因是空间异质性,龙岗线郊区段的分市场是由两个区域中心的空间分布差异所导致。     

城市轨道交通对房地产增值的时空效应

如何定量评估城市轨道交通开发对周边房地产所带来的增值效应,一直是困扰理论界和实务界的重要问题。以深圳地铁一期为例,从"区位特征、邻里特征、结构特征"三方面构建特征价格模型,对其周边房地产增值情况从空间和时间两个维度进行定量分析。实证结果表明,城市轨道交通的空间增值效应显著,影响范围为地铁站点距离700m半径内的区域,该区域内房地产平均增值19.5%。增值幅度最大的是地铁站点100m区域内的房地产,增幅达37.8%。时间维度上,地铁建设期间对周边房地产具有明显的负效应,而运营期内对房地产价格的影响变为正向,尤其是通车后第二年站点周边房地产价格大幅增值。     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Development and Environment in Peninsular Malaysia . S. Robert Aiken, Colin H. Leigh, Thomas R. Leinbach, Michael R. Moss. The Rural-Urban Fringe: Canadian Perspectives . Ken B. Beesley and Lorne H. Russwurm, eds. Women and Development . Lourdes Benería, ed. The Border that Joins: Mexican Migrants and U.S. Responsibility . Peter G. Brown and Henry Shue, eds. Cities of the World: World Regional Urban Development . Stanley D. Brunn and Jack L. Williams, eds. Time Resources, Society, and Ecology: On the Capacity for Human Interaction in Space and Time (Vol. I, Preindustrial Societies). Tommy Carlstein. Urban Geography . David Clark. Spanish City Planning in North America . Dora P. Crouch, Daniel J. Garr, and Axel I. Mundigo. Not On Our Street: Community Attitudes to Mental Health Care . M. J. Dear and S. M. Taylor Unequal growth: Urban and Regional Employment Change in the U.K. Stephen Fothergill and Graham Gudgin. Agricultural Land in an Urban Society . Owen J. Furuseth and John T. Pierce. The Petroleum Industry in Oil-Importing Developing Countries . Fariborz Ghadar. Historical Understanding in Geography, An Idealist Approach . Leonard Guelke. Regional Planning in Europe . R. Hudson and J. R. Lewis, eds. Remote Sensing for Resource Management . Chris J. Johannsen and James L. Sanders, eds. Geography and The State . R. J. Johnston. Texas Graveyards: a Cultural Legacy . Tlrry G. Jordan. The Politics of Location: An Introduction . Andrew Kirby. A Social Geography of the City . David Ley. Energy and the Future . Douglas MacLean and Peter Brown, eds. The Natural Environment of Newfoundland Past and Present . A. G. Macpherson and J. B. Macpherson, eds. Tourism: Economic, Physical and Social Impacts . Alister Mathieson and Geoffrey Wall. Railroads and Land Grant Policy: A Study in Government Intervention . Lloyd J. Mercer. Progress in Rural Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Progress in Urban Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Models of Spatial Inequality: Settlement Patterns in Historical Archaeology . Robert Paynter. Natural Hazard Risk Assessment and Public Policy, Anticipating the Unexpected . William J. Petak and Arthur A. Atkisson. The Nature of Geomorphology . Alistair F. Pitty. Regional Conflict and National Policy . Kent A. Price Women and Spatial Change: Learning Resources for Social Science Courses . Arlene C. Rengert and Janice J. Monk, eds. Urban and Regional Analysis for Development Planning . Richard Rhoda. Rivers: Form and Process in Alluvial Channels . Keith Richards. This Remarkable Continent: An Atlas of United States and Canadian Society and Culture . John F. Rooney, Jr., Wilbur Zelinsky, and Dean R. Louder, gen. eds. The Origins of Open-Field Agriculture . Trevor Rowley, ed. Residential Location Determinants of the Older Population . Gundars Rudzitis. Borderland Sourcebook: A Guide to the Literature on Northern Mexico and the American Southwest . Ellwyn R. Stoddard, Richard L. Nostrand, and Jonathan P. West, eds. Arctic and Antarctic . David Sugden. Tall Timbers Ecology and Management Conference, February 22–24, 1979, Proceedings No. 16 . Graphic Communication and Design in Contemporary Cartography (Progress in Contemporary Cartography , Vol. II). D. R. Fraser Taylor, ed. Living with Energy Shortfall: A Future for American Towns and Cities . Jon Van Til. The United States: Habitation of Hope . J. Wreford Watson. Air Photo Interpretation for Archaeologists . D. R. Wilson. Urban and Rural Change in West Germany . Trevor Wild, ed. Population and Resources . Harry Robinson.     

Assessment of GIAHS in Shizuoka: The Traditional Tea-grass Integrated System

<正>1 Introduction In 2013,Chagusaba,which is traditional tea-grass integrated system in Shizuoka,were accepted as new world heritage site of agriculture.Shizuoka prefecture occupies a variety of elevations,from 0 to 3000m or more above sea level.Because of the diversity of land features and climates,this area produces 167 agricultural commodities.In addition,a lot of traditional agriculture and over200 local native varieties of crops have been conserved in Shizuoka     

ERAHS: A New Platform for the Exchange of Regional Information and Experience on Agricultural Heritage Systems

<正>There are more than 10000 years of agricultural development history in the world that has provided very fruitful and ingenious traditional knowledge and experiences reflecting the evolution of humanity and the nature.In2002,the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations(FAO)initiated an international partnership initiative of"Conservation and Adaptive Management of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Geography and the Third World. International Seminar, 14–18 May 1980, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia . Ishmail Ahmad and Jamaluddin Md Jahi, eds. The Growth Dilemma: Residents' Views and Local Population Change in the United States . Mark Baldassare. Sport and Place: A Geography of Sport in England, Scotland & Wales . John Bale. The Deindustrialization of America: Plant Closings, Community Abandonment, and the Dismantling of Basic Industry . Barry Bluestone and Bennett Harrison. Selected Essays 1963–1975: Carl O. Sauer . Bob Callahen, ed. Housing and Planning in the Countryside . G. Clark. Conflict, Politics and the Urban Scene . Kevin R. Cox and R. J. Johnston, eds. Thematic Maps: Their Design and Production . David J. Cuff and Mark T. Mattson. Wine: A Geographic Appreciation . Harm Jan de Blij. USSR in Maps . J. C. Dewdney. Political Geography: A Contemporary Perspective . Ramesh D. Dikshit. Rethinking Human Adaptation . Rada Dyson-Hudson and Michael A. Little, eds. Sacred Sands: The Struggle for Community in the indiana Dunes . J. Ronald Engel. Geography of the Biosphere . A. Furley and Walter W. Newey. Disaster and Reconstruction . Robert Geipel. Glasgow: The Making of a City . Andrew Gibb. Design for Arid Regions . Giden S. Golany, ed. Urbanization and Cancer Mortality: The United States Experience, 1950–1975 . Michael R. Greenberg. Geology in the Nineteenth Century: Changing Views of a Changing World . Mott T. Greene. Colonización y Destrucción de Bosques en Panamá . Stanley Heckadon Moreno and Alberto McKay, eds. Urban Geography: A First Approach . David T. Herbert and Colin J. Thomas. The Visual and Spatial Structure of Landscapes . Tadahiko Higuchi. Climate from Tree Rings . M. K. Hughes, P. M. Kelly, J. R. Pilcher, and V. C. LaMarche, Jr., eds. The structure of Nineteenth Century Cities . James H. Johnson and Colin G. Pooley, eds. The American Planner: Biographies and Recollections . Donald A. Krueckeberg, ed. Urban Land Policy For the 1980s, the Message for State and Local Government . George Lefcoe, ed. Regional Planning: Evolution, Crisis and Prospects . Gill C. Lim, ed. Relevance and Ethics In Geography . Bruce Mitchell and Dianne Draper. China: The Geography of Development and Modernization . Clifton W. Pannell and Laurence J. C. MA. The Urban Retailing System . Robert B. Potter. Hants. Nonconventional Energy Resources . Philip R. Pryde. Caribbean Migrants: Environment and Human Survival on St. Kitts and Nevis . Bonham C. Richardson. Population and Resources . Harry Robinson. East Los Angeles: History of A Barrio . Ricardo Romo. Integrated Impact Assessment . Frederick A. Rossini and Alan L. Porter, eds. Environmental Aesthetics: Essays in Interpretation . Barry Sadler and Allen Carlson, eds. Earthwatch . Charles Sheffield. Field Techniques and Research Methods in Geography . Robert H. Stoddard. Haiti: Land of Poverty . Robert J. Tata. Weathering and Erosion: Sources and Methods in Geography . Stephen T. Trudgill. Once Beneath the Forest. Prehistoric Terracing in the Río Bec Region of the Maya Lowlands . B. L. Turner, II. The Historical Geography of Scotland since 1707 . David Turnock.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: The City in Cultural Context . John Agnew, John Mercer, David Sopher, eds. Soils and Geomorphology Peter W. Birkeland. Urbanization and Settlement Systems, International Perspectives . L. S. Bourne, R. Sinclair, and K. Dziewoński. eds. An Introduction to Urban Historical Geography . Harold Carter. Overshoot, The Ecological Basis of Revolutionary Change . William J. Catton, Jr. Rivers of the World . Eberhard Czaya. Jewish Communities in Frontier Societies: Argentina, Australia and South Africa . Daniel J. Elazar with Peter Medding. Color in Public Spaces: Toward a Communication-Based Theory of the Urban Built Environment. Kenneth E. Foote. Spatial Statistics and Models. Gary L. Gaile and Cort J. Willmott, eds. Mega-Geomorphology. Rita Gardner and Helen Scoging, eds. Technological Change and Regional Development. Gillespie, ed. The Arid Lands: Their Use and Abuse. R. L. Heathcote. The Location of Industry in Britain. A. G. Hoare. Groundwater as a Geomorphic Agent . R. G. LaFleur, ed. Rural Public Services: International Comparisons. Richard E. Lonsdale and Gyorgy Enyedi, eds. Saving Water in a Desert City. William E. Martin, Helen M. Ingram, Nancy K. Laney, and Adrian H. Griffin. Water Resources: Distribution, Use and Management. John R. Mather. Transnationals and the Third World: The Struggle for Culture. Armand Mattelart. South Hadley, MA: USGS Digital Cartographic Data Standards. R. B. McEwen, R. E. Witmer, and B. S. Ramey, eds. The Ecosystem Concept in Anthropology. Emilio F. Moran, ed. Boulder, CO: Women, Men, and the International Division of Labor. June Nash and Maria Patricia Fernandez-Kelly, eds. Nuclear Power: Assessing and Managing Hazardous Technology. Martin J. Pasqualetti and K. David Pijawka, eds. Mary Somerville and the Cultivation of Science 1815-1840. Elizabeth Chalmers Patterson. An Introduction to Coastal Geomorphology. John Pethick. Late Quaternary Environments of the United States , Vol. 1, The Late Pleistocene. Stephen C. Porter, ed. Planning and Ecology. R. D. Roberts and T. M. Roberts, eds. Regionalism and the Pacific Northwest. William G. Robbins, Robert J. Frank, and Richard E. Ross, eds. Environment and Health. Anthony J. Rowland and Paul Cooper. Sunbelt/Snowbelt: Urban Development and Regional Restructuring. Larry Sawers and William K. Tabb, eds. The Bad Earth. Environmental Degradation in China. Vaclav Smil. Armonk, NY: Voyage into Substance: Art, Science, Nature, and the Illustrated Travel Account, 1760–1840. Barbara Maria Stafford. The Institute of British Geographers: The First Fifty Years. Robert W. Steel. Visions of the Past. Christopher Taylor and Richard Muir. Glacial Lake Agassiz. J. T. Teller and Lee Clayton, eds. The Tule Breakers: The Story of the California Dredge. John Thompson and Edward A. Dutra. The Balkan City 1400–1900. Nikolai Todorov. Explanation, Prediction and Planning: the Lowry model. Michael J. Webber. Mercedes Reales: Hispanic Land Grants of the Upper Rio Grande Region. Victor Westphall. The World Atlas of Revolutions. Andrew J. M. Wheatcroft. The West European City, A Social Geography. Paul White. Urban Elites and Mass Transportation. J. Allen Whitt. Princeton, NJ: Urban Life In Contemporary China. Martin King Whyte and William L. Parish. The Demand for Energy in the Soviet Union. David Wilson. London and Canberra: Rethinking Geographical Inquiry. J. David Wood, ed.     

PRODUCTIVITY OF AMERICAN PH.D.-GRANTING DEPARTMENTS OF GEOGRAPHY

Reviews of geographic software in this article:

DEMO-GRAPHICS: WORLD POPULATIONS AND PROJECTIONS.

ESP

GAUSS.

CEMODEL S. Damus

LIMDEP. William H. Greene

MICROSTAT 4.1

OTIS

PCIPS. (Personal Computer Image Processing System). H.J. Meyers and R. Bernstein.

REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF TIME SERIES (RATS)

SPSS/PC+

URBAN DATA MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (UDMS)     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: Rabat: Urban Apartheid in Morocco . Janet Abu -Lughod . Marketplaces in a Developing Country: The Case of Western Nigeria . Isaac Ayinde Adalemo . Farming Development and Space: A World Agricultural Geography . Bernd Andreae . Section and Party: A Political Geography of American Presidential Elections, from Andrew Jackson to Ronald Reagan . J. Clark Archer and Peter J. Taylor . Women and Space: Ground Rules and Social Maps . Shirley Ardener , ed. European Progress in Spatial Analysis . R. J. Bennett , ed. The Origins of Academic Geography in the United States . Brian W. Blouet Geographic Perspectives on Global Problems . Ronald Reed Boyce . Seasonal Dimensions to Rural Poverty . Robert Chambers , Richard Longhurst and Arnold Pacey eds. The New Nationalism and the Use of Common Spaces: Issues in Marine Pollution and the Exploitation of Antarctica . Jonathan I. Charney , ed. Communications Tomorrow: The Coming of the Information Society . Edward Cornish , ed. The Design of Suburbia . Arthur Edwards . Explorer on the Northern Plains: Lieutenant Gouverneur K. Warren's Preliminary Report of Explorations in Nebraska and Dakota in the Years 1855–56–57. With an Introduction by Frank N. Schubert . The Changing Climate: Responses of the Natural Flora and Fauna . Michael J. Ford . Essentials of Physical Geography . Robert E. Gabler , Robert J. Sager , Sheila Brazier , and Daniel L. Wise. The Road to Jaramillo . William Glen . Valued Environments . John R. Gold and Jacquelin Burgess , eds. Proximity and Preference: Problems in the Multidimensional Analysis of Large Data Sets . Reginald G. Golledge and John N. Rayner , eds. A Search for Common Ground . Peter Gould and Gunnar Olsson , eds. Geography: Its History and Concepts . Arild Holt -Jensen . A Population Geography . Huw R. Jones . The Human Mosaic: A Thematic Introduction to Cultural Geography, 3rd ed. Terry G. Jordan and Lester Rowntree . Urban Social Geography: An Introduction . Paul Knox . The Anatomy of Job Loss: The How, Why and Where of Employment Decline . Doreen Massey and Richard Meegan . The Information Society as Post-Industial Society . Yoneji Masuda . Map Librarianship, 2nd ed. Harold Nichols . India: Cultural Patterns and Processes . Allen G. Noble and Ashok K. Dutt , eds. The God that Limps: Science and Technology in the Eighties . Colin Norman . Geography: An Introductory Perspective . Robert E. Norris , Keith D. Harries and John D. Vitek . The Politics of Technology Assessment . David M. O'Brien and Donald A. Marchand . Ethnic Segregation in Cities . Ceri Peach , Vaughan Robinson and Susan Smith , eds. Churches and Church Membership in the United States, 1980 . Bernard Quinn , Herman Anderson , Martin Bradley , Paul Goetting and Peggy Shriver . Energy in Australia: Politics and Economics . Hugh Saddler . Development from Above or Below? The Dialectics of Regional Planning in Developing Countries . Walter B. Stóuhr and D. R. Fraser Taylor , eds. Human Impact on the Ecosystem . Joy Tivy and Greg O'Hare . Plants and People: Vegetation Change in North America . Thomas R. Vale . The Mapmakers: The Story of the Great Pioneers in Cartography from Antiquity to the Space Age . John Noble Wilford .     

Deserts and Aeolian Desertification in China: Book review and some thoughts

Desertification is a global phenomenon that affects about two billion people. It occurs in arid zones where the annual precipitation is below 400 mm, partic- ularly in the marginal areas of the world＇s largest deserts. It is a result of water and wind erosion, over- grazing, global warm-ing, improper soil cultivation, and increased pressure ot population growth, and it causes degradation of soil and natural and agricultural vegetation. The direct result is less food for people and livestock, which influences pop- ulation and animal husbandry fluctuations. Despite ef- forts to combat and reduce desertification, the affected areas are annually increasing.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: The Rice Economy of Asia . Randolph Barker and Robert W. Herdt with Beth Rose. Using Microcomputers: A Guidebook for Writers, Teachers, and Researchers in the Social Sciences . Blaine A. Erie—the Lake that Survived . Noel M. Burns. Geology and Society . Donald R. Coates. Caves and Karst of Kentucky . Percy H. Dougherty, ed. Altered Harvest: Agriculture, Genetics, and the Fate of the World's Food Supply . Jack Doyle. The Middle East and North Africa, A Political Geography . Alasdair Drysdale and Gerald H. Blake. Clamor at the Gates. The New American Immigration . Nathan Glazer, ed. Development and the Landowner: An analysis of the British experience . Robin Goodchild and Richard Munton. Discovering Landscape in England and Wales . Andrew Goudie and Rita Gardner. The Modern Plantation in the Third World . Edgar Graham and Ingrid Floering. Social Relations and Spatial Structures . Derek Gregory and John Urry, eds. The World Food Problem 1950–1980 . David Grigg. Costa Rica: A Geographical Interpretation in Historical Perspective . Carolyn Hall. The Urbanization of Capital: Studies in the History and Theory of Capitalist Urbanization . David Harvey Consciousness and the Urban Experience: Studies in the History and Theory of Capitalist Urbanization . David Harvey. Reviving Main Street . Deryck Holdsworth, ed. Rural Roads and Poverty Alleviation . John Howe and Peter Richards, eds. Uneven Development in Southern Europe: Studies of Accumulation, Class, Migration and the State . Ray Hudson and Jim Lewis, eds. Karst Geomorphology . J. N. Jennings. The Geomorphology of North-west England . R. H. Johnson, ed. Climate Impact Assessment: Studies of the Interaction of Climate and Society . Robert Kates, Jesse Ausubel, Mimi Berberian, eds. Public Service Provision and Urban Development . Andrew Kirby, Paul Knox, and Steven Pinch, ed. State and Market: The Politics of the Public and the Private . Jan-Erik Lane, ed. Living Cities . Twentieth Century Fund Task Force on Urban Preservation Policies. World Climatic Systems . John G. Lockwood. Urban Ethnicity in the United States. New Immigrants and Old Minorities . Lionel Maldonaldo and Joan Moore, eds. Culture and Conservation: The Human Dimension in Environmental Planning . Jeffrey A. McNeely and David Pitt, eds. The Andean Past. Land, Societies, and Conflicts . Magnus Mörner. Gaia: An Atlas of Planet Management . Norman Myers, ed. Progress in Industrial Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Progress in Political Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Rivers and Landscape . Geoff Petts and Ian Foster. Urbanization and Planning in the 3rd World: Spatial Perceptions and Public Participation . Robert B. Potter. One Island, Two Nations? A Political Geographical Analysis of the National Conflict in Ireland . D. G. Pringle. Circulation in Third World Countries . R. Mansell Prothero and Murray Chapman. The Ozarks Outdoors: A Guide for Fishermen, Hunters, and Tourists . Milton D. Rafferty. Suburban Burglary: A Time and a Place for Everything . George Rengert and John Wasilchick. Geomorphology and Soils . K.S. Richards, R.R. Arnett, and S. Ellis, eds. The Homes and Homeless of Post-War Britain . Frederick Shaw. Indochinese Refugees in America . Paul J. Strand and Woodrow Jones, Jr. Wild Horses and Sacred Cows . Richard Symanski. Forever Wild: Environmental Aesthetics and the Adirondack Forest Preserve . Philip G. Terrie. The Regional Economic Impact of Technological Change . A.T. Thwaites and R.P. Oakey, eds. The Good Life . Yi-Fu Tuan.