黄河口滨岸潮滩不同生境下翅碱蓬氮的累积与分配特征

2008年5～11月,采用定位研究方法对黄河口滨岸潮滩不同生境下翅碱蓬(Suaedasalsa)氮的累积与分配特征进行了研究。结果表明,中潮滩翅碱蓬(JP1)和低潮滩翅碱蓬(JP2)不同器官生物量均具有明显季节变化特征,总体表现为JP1高于JP2,二者枯落物量均呈递增变化;JP1、JP2根、茎和枯落物的全氮(TN)含量在生长季均呈递减变化,符合指数衰减模型,而叶的总氮(TN)含量波动变化明显;二者不同器官及枯落物的氮累积量和累积速率(VN)季节变化明显,JP1地上部分的氮累积量和VN一般明显高于JP2,且二者地上部分氮累积量和VN均明显高于地下;JP1、JP2不同部分的氮分配比差异明显,其中叶的分配比最高,分别为(46.91±16.97)%和(55.21±9.79)%,说明叶是翅碱蓬重要的氮累积器官;二者氮的年吸收量和最大现存量分别为5.29g/m2、2.63g/m2和13.76g/m2、3.19g/m2;二者氮的吸收系数(0.0145和0.0065)均较低,而利用系数表现为JP2(0.8243)>JP1(0.3844),JP1在氮的吸收方面要强于JP2,而在利用方面却低于JP2。JP1和JP2生物量、TN含...     

黄河口潮滩盐沼沉积强度对碱蓬残体分解及氮动态的影响

2008年4月至2009年11月,基于野外原位分解实验,模拟研究了黄河口潮滩盐沼沉积强度对中潮滩碱蓬(Suaeda salsa)和低潮滩碱蓬残体分解及氮动态的可能影响。沿水盐梯度,设中潮滩和低潮滩2个分解小区,每个分解小区分别设无沉积(0 mm/a)、当前沉积增加(100 mm/a)和未来沉积增加(200 mm/a)3种固定沉积处理。结果表明,沉积强度对中潮滩和低潮滩碱蓬残体的分解具有一定影响,强沉积下残体的失重率和分解速率一般较高。当前或未来沉积增强后,二者残体的分解速率分别将增加138.10%~235.56%和8.89%~10.20%,95%分解时间分别将减少58.01%~70.24%和7.94%~9.13%。未来沉积增加处理下,中潮滩碱蓬残体的氮含量最大,其次为当前沉积增加处理下的氮含量,无沉积处理下的氮含量最小,3种处理下的氮含量无显著差异(p0.5);低潮滩碱蓬残体在未来和当前沉积增加处理下的氮含量相当,无沉积处理下的氮含量最小,3种处理下的氮含量无显著差异(p0.5)。当前或未来沉积增强后,中潮滩碱蓬残体在分解阶段将大多表现为氮累积特征,而低潮滩碱蓬残体将一直表现为较强氮释放特征,C/N对二者残体分解过程中氮养分的调控作用更为重要。研究发现,当不同沉积强度下潮滩环境养分状况不发生较大变化时,中潮滩和低潮滩碱蓬残体的相对分解速率可能取决于其基质质量;当养分状况发生较大改变时,其相对分解速率可能取决于分解环境的养分供给状况。     

黄河口潮滩碱蓬种子萌发与幼苗生长对土壤中氮磷比的响应

由于人类活动的影响,近年来黄河口营养盐入海通量一直维持在较高水平。大量营养盐的输入不仅可对河口潮滩的氮、磷营养水平以及氮磷比产生重要影响,而且其对于湿地植物的种子萌发与幼苗发育亦可能产生深刻影响。为此,于2010年10~11月,在人工气候箱控制条件下,研究土壤中氮磷比对采自黄河口中潮滩和低潮滩的不同表现型的碱蓬(Suaeda salsa)种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明,随着培养基盐分的增加,采自中潮滩和低潮滩的碱蓬种子的萌发率都在减小;当氮磷比为9.5时,在无或低盐分(0 m M和300 m M)胁迫下,中等浓度的氮磷配比(4.524 m M氮+0.476 m M磷)有利于采自中潮滩的碱蓬种子的萌发和幼苗生长,低浓度的氮磷配比(0.905 m M氮+0.095 m M磷)则有利于采自低潮滩的碱蓬种子的萌发和幼苗生长;在高盐分(600 m M)胁迫下,高浓度的氮磷配比(9.05 m M氮+0.95 m M磷)对于采自两种生境的碱蓬种子萌发和幼苗生长都具有明显促进作用;当氮磷比为17时,无论在高盐分还是在低盐分胁迫下,高浓度的氮磷配比(9.444 m M氮+0.556 m M磷)都有利于采自两种生境的碱蓬种子萌发和幼苗生长,说明高氮低磷的配比(氮磷比为17)可以有效减缓盐分胁迫对碱蓬种子萌发的危害,使得碱蓬种子可以更快地适应环境而萌发。研究发现,采用平均生长量来描述外界条件影响下碱蓬种子萌发和幼苗平均生长状况是可行的。平均生长量的引入可以真实还原碱蓬种子萌发和幼苗生长的整体状况,是对鲜质量和干质量等表征碱蓬幼苗生长状况指标的一个有益补充。当前,伴随着黄河口潮滩环境氮磷配比的改变,采自两种生境的碱蓬种子萌发的抗盐分胁迫能力都呈增强趋势,其中以采自中潮滩的碱蓬种子抗盐分胁迫能力的增强最为明显,说明下一步通过调控氮磷比可以有效提高采自中潮滩的碱蓬种子对高盐分胁迫环境的适应能力,进而可以将其应用于该区退化湿地的生态恢复。     

双台河口四种类型湿地土壤中的碳、氮含量垂直分布特征

2013年9月11日和12日,在双台河口的天然碱蓬盐沼、退化碱蓬盐沼、光滩和海水养殖塘中,分层采集0~100 cm深度的土壤样品,测定其有机碳含量、可溶解有机碳含量、全氮含量、铵态氮含量、硝态氮含量和碳氮比,并分析这些指标的垂直分布特征。研究结果表明,在天然碱蓬盐沼中,不同深度的土壤有机碳含量都显著高于其它类型湿地土壤(p0.05);除养殖塘外,其它类型湿地土壤有机碳含量总体上随着土壤深度增加而减小,养殖塘不同深度土壤有机碳含量差异不明显;天然碱蓬盐沼不同深度土壤的全氮含量都显著高于退化碱蓬盐沼和光滩土壤(p0.05),总体上,随着土壤深度增加,天然碱蓬盐沼和退化碱蓬盐沼土壤的全氮含量减小,养殖塘土壤的全氮含量波动变化。在0~10 cm深度,光滩土壤的碳氮比最高;养殖塘不同深度土壤碳氮比都较低。随着土壤深度增加,天然碱蓬盐沼、光滩和养殖塘土壤中的可溶性有机碳含量波动变化,且无显著差异;退化碱蓬盐沼土壤可溶性有机碳含量波动减小。随着土壤深度增加,退化碱蓬盐沼土壤铵态氮含量减小,养殖塘土壤中的铵态氮含量呈单峰曲线变化,峰值出现在30~50 cm深度土层;光滩土壤铵态氮含量波动减小。在土壤垂直方向上,各类型湿地土壤硝态氮含量都波动变化;与其它湿地类型相比,养殖塘不同深度土壤硝态氮含量都最低。     

黄河三角洲湿地景观边界变化及其对土壤性质的影响

以1992年和2006年TM遥感影像为基础信息,运用滑箱扫描方法获得组分边界特征,分析了黄河三角洲景观总体变化,在此基础上,研究不同景观类型变化过程土壤容重、水分含量、全氮、全磷、有机质及土壤盐分离子Ca2+、K+、Mg2+、Na+的差异性,以揭示景观变化对湿地土壤性质的影响.结果表明,三角洲景观组分之间的边界趋于复杂化,部分耕地转化为柽柳(Tamarix chinensis)、芦苇(Phragmites australis)和翅碱蓬(Suaeda heteroptera),潮滩植被侵入滩涂.不同景观类型下的土壤性质差异不显著,但景观类型转化对土壤性质存在一定影响.农田转变为柽柳、芦苇、翅碱蓬过程中土壤容重降低;而滩涂转变为翅碱蓬后土壤容重提高.农田转化为林地和滩涂转化为灌丛过程中土壤含水量降低,而其他景观变化过程土壤含水量表现出增加的趋势.不同景观类型下土壤全氮、有机质、全磷含量均较低,且变化过程中土壤养分含量变化也较小.各景观类型变化过程中土壤Ca2+含量变化幅度最大;其他土壤盐分离子含量的变化因景观组分变化方向不同存在较大差异,但总体上看,不同景观变化过程下土壤盐分离子含量均具有较大变化.     

盘锦湿地翅碱蓬景观变化的遥感监测与分析

近年来由于各种因素的干扰,盘锦红海滩的翅碱蓬出现了严重的退化现象。为分析翅碱蓬的空间分布特征及消长规律,利用2013—2016年高分1号卫星影像提取了盘锦湿地翅碱蓬空间分布特征信息,结合景观指数定量分析翅碱蓬的动态变化过程,同时结合近10年的气象资料以及人类活动状况综合分析翅碱蓬退化消失的原因。结果表明:(1)利用GF-1号卫星遥感影像对盘锦湿地进行动态监测,可以清楚地表达地物目标的纹理特征及细节变化信息,快速实现大面积湿地的遥感信息提取;(2)4年间盘锦湿地的翅碱蓬群落面积明显减少,2016年总面积已不足9 km2,景观破碎程度随时间的变化在不断增大,呈现严重的破碎化和退化萎缩趋势;(3)近10年的气象数据总体呈气温升高、降雨量减少的态势,改变了翅碱蓬的生存环境,频繁的人为活动使翅碱蓬的生长环境进一步遭到破坏。     

滨岸排污口附近潮滩沉积物-水界面营养盐交换通量研究——以长江口滨岸带老港和白龙港排污口为例

通过对有排污口的老港（LG）、白龙港（BLG）潮滩和附近没有排污口的朝阳农场潮滩（CY）的沉积物-水界面营养盐通量的研究发现：污水排放造成潮滩上覆水体中营养盐含量增加，进而影响到潮滩沉积物-水界面营养盐氮磷的交换通量；各点中低潮滩的差异（特别是生物活动的影响），造成了中低潮滩对上覆水中N、P作用的差异；老港和白龙港潮滩由于污水的排放使影响沉积物-水界面营养盐交换通量的盐度因素的作用变得不太明显。     

浙闽沪滨海感潮沼泽主要草本植物生物硅含量特征

硅元素是植物生长发育必需的生源元素之一,在湿地生物地球化学循环中起着重要作用。在福建省、浙江省和上海市的18处滨海感潮沼泽中,采集主要的草本植物样品,测定其生物硅含量。研究结果表明,同一种植物的生物硅含量在不同纬度的河口或海湾差异显著,呈线性变化规律;在区域尺度,不同草本植物的生物硅含量差异明显,禾本科(Poaceae)植物芦苇(Phragmites australis)、互花米草(Spartina alterniflora)和莎草科(Cyperaceae)植物短叶茳芏(Cyperus malaccensis)、海三棱藨草(Scirpus mariqueter)、藨草(Scirpus triqueter)的生物硅含量显著高于藜科(Chenopodiaceae)植物南方碱蓬(Suaeda australis),其中芦苇的生物硅含量[(43.3±3.5) mg/g]最高,南方碱蓬的生物硅含量[(5.1±0.6) mg/g]最低;同种植物不同器官的生物硅含量也具有显著差异,互花米草叶片和叶鞘的生物硅含量显著高于茎和穗,芦苇叶鞘的生物硅含量显著高于叶片、茎和穗;互花米草、芦苇、短叶茳芏和南方碱...     

黄河口潮滩湿地土壤甲烷产生潜力及其对有机物和氮输入响应的初步研究

2010年11月采集了黄河口潮滩湿地两种典型生态系统[碱蓬(Suaeda salsa)盐沼和光滩]表层土壤样品,进行了7d的室内厌氧培养,并测定分析CH4产生潜力及其对有机物和氮输入的响应。研究结果表明,在培养周期内,碱蓬盐沼和光滩表层土壤CH4的产生潜力都在培养的第7天后达到最大,平均值分别为0.0357μg/(g·d)和0.0013μg/(g·d),前者表层土壤的CH4产生潜力高于后者;有机物输入在一定程度上促进了CH4产生潜力,且其对碱蓬盐沼的CH4产生潜力较光滩具有更大的促进作用。尽管葡萄糖对于潮滩湿地CH4产生潜力的促进程度高于乙酸钠,但二者的差异性并不显著(p>0.05);氮输入对潮滩湿地土壤CH4产生潜力的影响与氮输入的形态和土壤理化性质等多种因素有关;NH4+的添加促进了碱蓬盐沼和光滩土壤CH4产生潜力的增加,尽管其对于碱蓬盐沼的促进程度要高于光滩,但二者的差异性并不显著(p>0.05);NO3-的添加对碱蓬盐沼土壤的CH4产生潜力表现为抑制作用,而对光滩土壤的CH4产生潜力表现为促进作用。在当前外源有机物和氮(NH4+—N为主)为黄河入海主要污染物的情况下,黄河口潮滩湿地土壤作为CH4源,在估算潮间带土壤温室气体排放清单时应给予特别关注。     

两种盐生植物幼苗在NaCl处理下对昼夜温差变化的叶绿素荧光响应

以囊果碱蓬(Suaeda physophora Pall.)、梭梭(Haloxylon ammodendron (C.A.Mey.) Bunge)两种植物幼苗为实验材料,研究了不同NaCl浓度处理下,一次昼夜温差（温差为27 ℃）变化对两种植物幼苗叶绿素荧光参数变化的影响。结果表明:①在NaCl胁迫下,同期囊果碱蓬的PSⅡ潜在活性Fv/Fo和最大光化学量子产量Fv/Fm降低幅度较小,而梭梭则有较明显降低,而且囊果碱蓬显著高于后者;同期光合量子产量Yield和表观光合电子传递速率ETR均以囊果碱蓬最大并显著高于梭梭,说明囊果碱蓬较梭梭具有强的对盐分和较大的昼夜温差变化的忍耐能力,其机体在盐分和较大昼夜温差变化下,并未受到较大的损伤,而梭梭的光合器官在相同的条件下却受到了较大的损伤,证明了囊果碱蓬更适合生长于同时具有盐渍和较大昼夜温差的地区。②通过实验发现梭梭的Yield值和ETR值到下午基本上能恢复到早上的水平,说明了其在前期的胁迫条件下,虽然光合器官上受到了破坏,但仍然能够通过光合调节适应环境的变化,以保持机体的活性。③囊果碱蓬在本实验条件下,光合器官虽然没有受到损伤,但200 mmol\5L-1 NaCl抑制了其光合能力。     

盐城滨海湿地退化评估及分区诊断

根据野外监测数据和遥感信息解译结果,分析了盐城滨海湿地生态特征,定量评估了湿地退化程度,分区探讨了导致湿地退化的主导因素。结果表明:①盐城滨海湿地的主要植物为盐地碱蓬(Suaeda salsa)、互花米草(Spartina alterniflora)和芦苇(Phragmitesau stralis)。受湿地基底稳定性和土壤盐度影响,湿地植被呈现出明显的东西分带、南北分区的特点,地带性分布规律明显。②盐城滨海湿地景观类型可以划分为河口水域、盐地碱蓬滩、芦苇沼泽、互花米草沼泽、耕地、建筑用地、养殖池、盐田和光滩9种类型。由于自然因素和人为活动影响,自1980年以后,研究区景观格局发生了巨大变化。自然景观面积减少了33%,人工景观增加了180%。自然湿地中,面积减少最大的是盐地碱蓬滩和芦苇沼泽。③1980～2008年,盐城滨海湿地的互花米草滩面积呈现出增长趋势,盐地碱蓬滩处于严重退化状态,芦苇沼泽处于退化状态,导致盐地碱蓬滩和芦苇沼泽退化的主要因素是人类开发活动。④对不同区域的导致湿地退化的主导因素进行了诊断,其中灌河口—射阳河口岸段湿地退化的主导因素为海岸侵蚀。射阳河口—斗龙港口岸段属于淤蚀过渡海岸,因处于盐城珍禽国家级自然保护区的核心区位置,人类干扰强度不大,湿地退化不严重。斗龙港口—弶港岸段湿地退化的主导因素为人类对湿地的围垦和开发利用活动。     

长江口盐沼土壤有机质更新特征的滩面趋势

Characteristics and tidal flat trends of soil organic matter （SOM） turnover were studied for the Chongmingdongtan Salt Marsh in the Yangtze River estuary, based on analyses of stable carbon isotope composition （δ^13C）, grain sizes and contents of particulate organic carbon （POC）, total nitrogen （TN） and inorganic carbon （TIC） for three cores excavated from high tidal flat, middle tidal flat and bare flat. Results demonstrate that correlations between soil POC contents and δ^13C values of the salt marsh cores were similar to those between soil organic carbon （SOC） contents and δ^13C values of the upper soil layers of mountainous soil profiles with different altitudes. SOM of salt marsh was generally younger than 100 years, and originated mainly from topsoil erosions in catchments of the Yangtze River. Correlations of TN content with C/N ratio, POC content with TIC content and POC content with δ^13C values for the cores suggest that turnover degrees of SOM from the salt marsh are overall low, and trends of SOM turnover are clear from the bare flat to the high tidal flat. Bare flat samples show characteristics of original sediments, with minor SOM turnover. Turnover processes of SOM have occurred and are discernable in the high and middle tidal flats, and the mixing degrees of SOM compartments with different turnover rates increase with evolution of the muddy tidal flat. The exclusive strata structure of alternate muddy laminae and silty laminae originated from dynamic depositional processes on muddy tidal flat was a great obstacle to vertical migration of dissolved materials, and SOM turnover was then constrained. The muddy tidal flat processes exerted direct influences on sequestration and turnover of SOM in the salt marsh, and had great constraints on the spatial and temporal characteristics of SOM turnover of the Chongmingdongtan Salt Marsh in the Yangtze River estuary.     

Distribution of 137Cs and 210Pb in sediments of tidal flats in north Jiangsu Province

Seven cores were collected from different sediment zones of tidal flats at Xinyanggang in north Jiangsu province in August 2007. Sediment grain-size distribution and radioisotopes of 137Cs and 210Pb analysis were carried out for these cores. Sediment rates of the cores and radioisotopes distribution in surface sediment in different zones of the tidal flat were calculated from the 137Cs and 210Pb activities in sediments cores. The results indicated that each tidal zone had experienced different evolution phases, hydrological dynamics in the tidal flats made the grain-size of the surface sediment change gradually. 137Cs and 210Pb activities on the superficial layer of the cores varied spatially and the reason was discussed. On tidal flats, the fluctuation of 137Cs and 210Pb activities in the cores reflected the special sedimentary characteristics. Vegetation affects the grain-size distribution and the vertical profiles of 137Cs and 210Pb in the upper depths. 137Cs and 210Pb chronology got the comparable average sediment rates on the tidal flat. The characteristics of 137Cs and 210Pb in the cores reflected various depositional dynamical environments in different tidal zones and gave information on the different evolvement phases of the tidal zones. Based on the information of grain-size distribution, texture of the cores, sediment rates and topography, the evolution lines of the tidal flat were reconstructed.     

苏北潮滩湿地植被对沉积物N、P含量的影响

文章对比分析了植被和沉积物中N、P垂向分布和季节变化,探讨不同植被对潮滩湿地N、P动态变化的影响。分析表明:潮滩湿地的分带性差异使N、P在潮滩湿地各地带有不同的分布规律和季节性变化特性,植被尤其是有较高地下生物量的互花米草和芦苇在整个潮滩湿地N、P的分布以及季节变化中起重要作用,潮滩植被主要是通过N、P在体内的主动转移,植物对沉积物中N、P的吸收以及富集死亡的地下根茎中分解矿化后释放的N、P来影响沉积物中N、P分布的; 1~4月通过枯落生物量回归到地面的N、P总量分别达到149.4 t和18.2 t,对整个湿地生态系统的生源物质循环以及生态环境产生很大影响。     

江苏北部潮滩沉积物中~(137)Cs和~(210)pb的分布特征(英文)

Seven cores were collected from different sediment zones of tidal flats at Xin-yanggang in north Jiangsu province in August 2007. Sediment grain-size distribution and radioisotopes of ~(137)Cs and ~(210)Pb analysis were carried out for these cores. Sediment rates of the cores and radioisotopes distribution in surface sediment in different zones of the tidal flat were calculated from the ~(137)Cs and ~(210)Pb activities in sediments cores. The results indicated that each tidal zone had experienced different evolution phases, hydrological dynamics in the tidal flats made the grain-size of the surface sediment change gradually. ~(137)Cs and ~(210)Pb activities on the superficial layer of the cores varied spatially and the reason was discussed. On tidal flats, the fluctuation of ~(137)Cs and ~(210)Pb activities in the cores reflected the special sedimentary characteristics. Vegetation affects the grain-size distribution and the vertical profiles of ~(137)Cs and ~(210)Pb in the upper depths. ~(137)Cs and ~(210)Pb chronology got the comparable average sediment rates on the tidal flat. The characteristics of ~(137)Cs and ~(210)Pb in the cores reflected various depositional dynamical environments in different tidal zones and gave information on the different evolvement phases of the tidal zones. Based on the information of grain-size distribution, texture of the cores, sediment rates and topography, the evolution lines of the tidal flat were reconstructed.     

Extraction and spatiotemporal evolution analysis of tidal flats in the Bohai Rim during 1984-2019 based on remote sensing

Tidal flats, a precious resource that provides ecological services and land space for coastal zones, are facing threats from human activities and climate change. In this study, a robust decision tree for tidal flat extraction was developed to analyse spatiotemporal variations in the Bohai Rim region during 1984-2019 based on 9539 Landsat TM/OLI surface reflection images and the Google Earth Engine (GEE) cloud platform. The area of tidal flats significantly fluctuated downwards from 3551.22 to 1712.36 km² in the Bohai Rim region during 1984-2019, and 51.31% of tidal flats were distributed near the Yellow River Delta and Liaohe River Delta during 2017-2019. There occurred a drastic spatial transition of tidal flats with coastline migration towards the ocean. Low-stability tidal flats were mainly distributed in reclamation regions, deltas, and bays near the estuary during 1984-2019. The main factors of tidal flat evolution in the Bohai Rim region included the direct impact of land cover changes in reclamation regions, the continuous impact of a weakening sediment supply, and the potential impact of a deteriorating sediment storage capability. The extraction process and maps herein could provide a reference for the sustainable development and conservation of coastal resources.     

Distribution of <Superscript>137</Superscript>Cs and <Superscript>210</Superscript>Pb in sediments of tidal flats in north Jiangsu Province

Seven cores were collected from different sediment zones of tidal flats at Xinyanggang in north Jiangsu province in August 2007. Sediment grain-size distribution and radioisotopes of ¹³⁷Cs and ²¹⁰Pb analysis were carried out for these cores. Sediment rates of the cores and radioisotopes distribution in surface sediment in different zones of the tidal flat were calculated from the ¹³⁷Cs and ²¹⁰Pb activities in sediments cores. The results indicated that each tidal zone had experienced different evolution phases, hydrological dynamics in the tidal flats made the grain-size of the surface sediment change gradually. ¹³⁷Cs and ²¹⁰Pb activities on the superficial layer of the cores varied spatially and the reason was discussed. On tidal flats, the fluctuation of ¹³⁷Cs and ²¹⁰Pb activities in the cores reflected the special sedimentary characteristics. Vegetation affects the grain-size distribution and the vertical profiles of ¹³⁷Cs and ²¹⁰Pb in the upper depths. ¹³⁷Cs and ²¹⁰Pb chronology got the comparable average sediment rates on the tidal flat. The characteristics of ¹³⁷Cs and ²¹⁰Pb in the cores reflected various depositional dynamical environments in different tidal zones and gave information on the different evolvement phases of the tidal zones. Based on the information of grain-size distribution, texture of the cores, sediment rates and topography, the evolution lines of the tidal flat were reconstructed.     

大河口潮滩地貌动力过程的研究-- 以长江口为例

该文阐述河口潮滩的发育依赖于河流泥沙来源、河口动力和海底地形诸方面的有利条件.长江口潮滩在世界大河三角洲潮滩发育中独具特色.大河口潮滩的平面形态有“长条状”、“裙状”、“沙咀状”和“江心洲”型,横剖面形态有“宽缓型”、“陡岸型”和“侵蚀崖型”.主河道两侧潮滩水流基本上是往复流,但岛屿面向外海一侧的潮滩是旋转流.潮滩近底流速随着高程的增大而减小.虽然潮汐始终是潮滩水动力的控制因子,但径流起着加强落潮流和改变流速不对称性的作用.潮滩上的波能随风力、水深、滩坡和植被状况而变化.长江口潮滩水体属高浑浊水体,悬沙浓度变化于每升几百毫克至每升几万毫克之间.在总体迅速淤涨的背景下,大河口潮滩存在不同时间尺度的冲淤循环.     

翅碱蓬高光谱植被指数对土壤化学性质的响应

植被覆盖区土壤化学性质遥感监测一直是一个难点,往往只能通过生物地球化学的方法,利用上覆植被信息间接地反映。该研究通过野外采样分析的17个翅碱蓬(Suaeda salsa)光谱数据和其下土壤样品的理化分析配对数据,探讨土壤化学性质与翅碱蓬高光谱植被指数间的关系。结果表明:上覆翅碱蓬高光谱植被指数与土壤有机质、全氮、速效钾之间均无显著相关,高光谱植被指数(NDNI)可用于初步反映土壤全磷的含量变化,NDVI705可用于初步反映土壤pH值的变化,而高光谱植被指数(MSI)可以很好地反映土壤盐分含量的变化。在此基础上,建立了土壤全盐量与19个高光谱植被指数的偏最小二乘回归模型,这为翅碱蓬覆盖区域土壤盐渍化遥感监测提供了一种方法。