基于陆路交通网的长江三角洲区域可达性评价

In a given district, the accessibility of any point should be the synthetically evaluation of the internal and external accessibilities. Using MapX component and Delphi, the author presents an information system to calculate and analyze regional accessibility according to the shortest travel time, generating thus a mark diffusing figure. Based on land traffic network, this paper assesses the present and the future regional accessibilities of sixteen major cities in the Yangtze River Delta. The result shows that the regional accessibility of the Yangtze River Delta presents a fan with Shanghai as its core. The top two most accessible cities are Shanghai and Jiaxing, and the bottom two ones are Taizhou （Zhejiang province） and Nantong With the construction of Sutong Bridge, Hangzhouwan Bridge and Zhoushan Bridge, the regional internal accessibility of all cities will be improved. Especially for Shaoxing, Ningbo and Taizhou （Jiangsu province）, the regional internal accessibility will be decreased by one hour, and other cities will be shortened by about 25 minutes averagely. As the construction of Yangkou Harbor in Nantong, the regional external accessibility of the harbor cities in Jiangsu province will be speeded up by about one hour.     

改革开放以来中国农业政策效果的时空计量分析

Since reform and opening up, how much contribution has China’s implementation of new agricultural policy made to agricultural output? This paper is trying to establish an agricultural policy output econometric model for doing a quantitative analysis of China’s new agricultural policy. The results show that China’s agricultural policies on agricultural output have an average contribution rate of about 7% since 1978, which is consistent with the OECD’s basic forecast. There are obvious temporal and spatial differences. Generally speaking, we can divide the contribution of agricultural policy into three periods, which are the start-up phase from 1978 to 1991 (14 years), the stationary phase from 1992 to 2002 (11 years) and the rising phase from 2003 to 2008 (6 years). In space, the contribution of agricultural policy underwent a process from the all-low in the start-up phase, the gradual increase in the stationary phase to the all-high in the rising phase. Northern and western regions are more sensitive to policies. There are three major factors that can affect the contribution of regional agricultural policies, which are the process of national industrialization strategy, terrain and the level of local finance.     

Eco- immigr ation Policy for the Degr aded Rangeland and Responses of Herd Family in the Sour ce Region of Yellow River——Case Study Based on Household Investigation in Maduo County

Under the integrated influences of global climate changes and overgrazing, China rangeland has degraded over recent years. Maduo County locates in the Source Region of Yellow River and its rangeland has experienced expansive degradation. The government of Qinghai Province launched an eco- immigration policy in 2004. In order to analyze the responses of herd families to the eco- immigration and the reasons for these responses, the authors used three periods MSS and TM images for recent 25 years and interview survey data of 144 herd families in recent two years, getting the following results: (1) the rangeland had degraded extensively for recent 28 years; and (2) the immigrant families were mainly composed of the old, with little or no livestock. What's more, the percentage of immigrant households that share one rangeland certificate with parents or brothers in the immigrant family was 54.5%. Therefore, it is hard to greatly decrease the overgrazing degree through eco- immigration with those previous characteristics of eco- immigrant family structure.     

Multi-hierarchical spatial clustering for characteristic towns in China: An Orange-based framework to integrate GIS and Geodetector

As China’s economy and society continue to expand, urbanization in China has reached a new stage. In this context, China’s characteristic town development plans, from the national to the local level, provide a new impetus for the expansion of towns and cities, and contribute to rural revitalization. When assessing the universality of regional dynamics, China exhibits high diversity for regional development. This highlights a complex scientific problem associated with describing the underlying li...     

中国地理学会2013年区域会议召开(英文)

正In order to provide better services to the members of Geographical Society of China(GSC)and geographers and engineers in China,and improve GSC’s ability in hosting comprehensive academic conferences,with the support of China Association for Science and Technology(CAST),GSC established 7 regional divisions,representing different regions of China.In addition,GSC revised the annual conference organizing policies by hosting the comprehensive national academic conference biannually.Instead of hosting annual national conferences,GSC organizes regional academic conferences.The new policy was initiated and executed in 2013.Up to now,7regional conferences have been successfully organized by the regional divisions in their areas.     

Spatial-temporal patterns of China’s interprovincial migration, 1985–2010

Migration plays an increasing role in China＇s economy since mobility rose and economic restructuring has proceeded during the last three decades. Given the background of most studies focusing on migration in a particular period, there is a critical need to analyze the spatial-temporal patterns of migration. Using bicomponent trend mapping technique and interprovincial migration data during the periods 1985-1990, 1990-1995, 1995-2000, 2000- 2005, and 2005-2010 we analyze net-, in-, out-migration intensity, and their changes over time in this study. Strong spatial variations in migration intensity were found in China＇s interprovincial migration, and substantial increase in migration intensity was also detected in eastern China during 1985-2010. Eight key destinations are mostly located within the three rapidly growing economic zones of eastern China （Pearl River Delta, Yangtze River Delta and Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Metropolitan Region）, and they are classified into three types： mature, emerging, and fluctuant origins, while most key origins are relatively undeveloped central and western provinces, which are exactly in accordance with China＇s economic development patterns. The results of bicomponent trend mapping indicate that, in a sense, the migration in the south was more active than the north over the last three decades. The result shows the new changing features of spatial-temporal patterns of China＇s interprovincial migration that Fan and Chen did not find out in their research. A series of social-economic changes including rural transformation, balanced regional development, and labor market changes should be paid more attention to explore China＇s future interprovincial migration.     

森林景观模型研究进展与展望(英文)

The Forest Landscape Model(FLM) is an efficiency tool of quantified expression of forest ecosystem’s structure and function. This paper, on the basis of identifying FLM, according to the stage of development, summarizes the development characteristics of the model, which includes the theoretical foundation of mathematical model, FLM of stand-scale, primary development of spatial landscape model, rapid development of ecosystem process model as the priority, and developing period of structure and process driven by multi-factor. According to the characteristics of different FLMs, this paper classifies the existing FLM in terms of mechanism, property and application, and elaborates the identifications, advantages and disadvantages of different types of models. It summarizes and evaluates the main application fields of existing models from two aspects which are the changes of spatial pattern and ecological process. Eventually, this paper presents FLM’s challenges and directions of development in the future, including:(1) more prominent service on the practical strategy of forest management’s objectives;(2) construction of multi-modules and multi-plugin to satisfy landscape research demand in various conditions;(3) adoption of high resolution’s spatial-temporal data;(4) structural construction of multi-version module;(5) improving the spatial suitability of model application.     

1985–2010年中国省际人口迁移的时空格局(英文)

Migration plays an increasing role in China's economy since mobility rose and economic restructuring has proceeded during the last three decades. Given the background of most studies focusing on migration in a particular period, there is a critical need to analyze the spatial-temporal patterns of migration. Using bicomponent trend mapping technique and interprovincial migration data during the periods 1985–1990, 1990–1995, 1995–2000, 2000– 2005, and 2005–2010 we analyze net-, in-, out-migration intensity, and their changes over time in this study. Strong spatial variations in migration intensity were found in China's interprovincial migration, and substantial increase in migration intensity was also detected in eastern China during 1985–2010. Eight key destinations are mostly located within the three rapidly growing economic zones of eastern China(Pearl River Delta, Yangtze River Delta and Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Metropolitan Region), and they are classified into three types: mature, emerging, and fluctuant origins, while most key origins are relatively undeveloped central and western provinces, which are exactly in accordance with China's economic development patterns. The results of bicomponent trend mapping indicate that, in a sense, the migration in the south was more active than the north over the last three decades. The result shows the new changing features of spatial-temporal patterns of China's interprovincial migration that Fan and Chen did not find out in their research. A series of social-economic changes including rural transformation, balanced regional development, and labor market changes should be paid more attention to explore China's future interprovincial migration.     

Economic reform, open-door policy and changes in spatial development patterns in China

1 IntroductionA country's regional development pattern is inevitably shaped by the regional development policies its government adopts. In planned economies like China's, the government's role in determining spatial differences of regional development is particularly great[1]. Since the inception of the economic reform and open-door policy in the late 1970s China has been undergoing an unprecedented transition from a planned to a market-oriented economy and from an agrarian society to an urba…     

环渤海地区城乡发展转型的过程及成因研究(英文)

China's reform and opening-up policy has brought the country a great development opportunity. The high-speed growth of the economy not only led China to a period of industrialization, urbanization, informatization and agricultural modernization, but also exacerbated the situation of the urban–rural dual structure. Based on the review of current studies, we first used the analytic hierarchy process(AHP) method to evaluate the urban–rural development and transformation level by population transformation index, land transformation index, industrial transformation index and social transformation index between 1996 and 2012 around the Bohai Rim Region. Then, based on the results of each index, we used the exploratory spatial data analysis(ESDA) method to investigate the spatial autocorrelation of the change in the urban–rural development transformation index during the 16-year period using Global Moran's I index and Local Moran's I index. Finally, we investigated the mechanism of change of the urban–rural development transformation index at county level, summarizing five main factors:(1) the radiation from the surrounding big cities,(2) the acceleration of the urbanization process,(3) the upgrading of the industrial structure,(4) the publishing and implementation of a macro development strategy and regional policy, and(5) natural factors such as topology.     

转型视阈下珠三角地区乡村发展过程及地域模式梳理

在乡村振兴战略背景下,系统梳理珠三角地区的乡村发展演变历程及其主要地域模式,对中国乡村发展和振兴的科学路径选择具有重要参考价值。珠三角地区的乡村发展演变历经了4个阶段。① 1978年以前,传统乡村发展阶段。在国际市场需求刺激下出现“弃田筑塘,废稻树桑”,逐渐形成桑基鱼塘的有机循环农业生产模式,呈现出传统农业景观。② 1978—2000年,工业化驱动发展阶段。以乡镇企业嫁接外资形式推动了自下而上的工业化和城镇化,乡村空间逐渐形成了“生活居住+农业生产+工业生产”三位一体的功能结构,空间分化与混杂性特征显著。③ 2000—2008年,城市化与都市化双轨并行阶段。政府主导的城市土地开发和基础设施投资建设,促使珠三角地区逐渐演变为“大集聚,小分散”的城乡发展转型空间格局。④ 2008年至今,都市化驱动乡村急剧转型阶段。珠三角都市圈建设进程加快,城乡体系逐步向一体化和网络化发展,乡村地区的产业发展趋向多元分化,乡村破碎化的非正规空间促使形成全球城市区域下马赛克式分布的空间格局。基于不同区位的外部性和内生性因素的差异性,珠三角地区的乡村发展模式可归纳为城市区域型、近郊型、远郊型等不同地域类型。在乡村发展转型过程中,外部性的环境变化、内部要素分化与重构机制直接影响到乡村振兴的科学路径和模式选择。     

农村居民旅游动机分析及其对旅游目的地类型选择的影响研究——以长江三角洲地区为例

以长江三角洲地区为例,首先采用主成分分析法分析农村居民旅游动机,然后通过构建对数回归方程研究旅游动机对“现代化的大城市”、“中小城市”、“历史文化城市”、“旅游城镇”、“山区”和“乡村旅游地”等六大旅游目的地选择的影响程度。研究结果表明：① 长江三角洲农村居民外出旅游动机主要停留在观光游览层次。② 长江三角洲农村居民对探亲访友旅游动机的赞同感知度较低,但探亲访友对于不同目的地选择具有一定影响。③ 长江三角洲农村居民外出旅游非常重视通过旅游能提升其在家人、亲戚、朋友中的地位与声望的功能。④ 旅游安全问题对提升农村居民出游力非常重要,同时农村居民非常注重旅游目的地住宿设施能营造家外之家的感觉。     

泛珠三角各省(地)区产业结构比较分析

从泛珠三角各省（地）区的产业结构入手,通过对各省（区）间产业结构相似程度、第三产业内部结构和产业结构专业化程度等进行定量的比较分析,找出了目前泛珠三角地区产业结构存在的问题,并提出了相应的对策和建议.     

长江三角洲城市合作模式及其理论框架分析

城市合作是长江三角洲城市与区域发展中的新现象, 并且已经成为政府和学术界关注 的焦点问题。选择长江三角洲的苏锡常都市圈规划、长江三角洲城市经济协调会和江阴经济 开发区靖江园区三个典型的城市合作案例, 从伙伴关系的理论视角, 进行城市合作的实证研究, 分别探讨了科层的城市合作、自发的城市合作和混合式的城市合作三种类型伙伴关系的制度安排。基于长三角的经验, 该研究在区域尺度上对伙伴关系理论的应用进行了拓展。研究的焦点在于三种模式城市合作的有效性(绩效)。通过对伙伴关系形成过程和利益相关者互 动的追踪, 研究认为合作是否有效取决于合作的机制、合作的过程、合作的性质和领域、伙伴的选择和伙伴关系形成中利益相关者的作用。     

1995年以来中国城市体系格局与演变——基于航空流视角

在国内外城市体系研究航空流视角的成果基础上,运用1995年以来的中国航空统计数据,基于数据描述及重力模型和模糊参数等定量方法,分析了中国城市体系格局和变迁。主要结论有: (1 )城市体系和城市群互动符合"距离衰减原则"。同时上海、北京两大全球性城市强化了在全国的枢纽机场的地位,西部地区形成了若干区域性的枢纽机场。 (2 )枢纽度最大的城市是京津冀、长三角、厦漳泉、珠三角、成渝等区域经济中心城市。辽中南、山东半岛、江汉平原的区域中心城市的枢纽度并不突出;南京、杭州、福州和重庆虽然作为各自地区的主要经济中心城市,但其枢纽度在一定程度上受到了地区首位城市或门户城市的压制。 (3 )中国主要经济中心城市相对地位变化有如下几种类型:稳定型、上升型、下降型、先升后降型和先降后升型。长三角的经济中心城市表现出强盛的区域带动势头,而珠三角、京津冀发展相对平稳,成渝在中西部具有特殊性,表现出日益强化的区域枢纽地位,辽中南、福建沿海、关中、江汉平原等地区经济中心城市的枢纽度则相对发展缓慢,甚至有所下降。     

中国留学人员创业园分布及产业特征

以《中国留学人员创业年鉴》为基础数据,采用GIS空间分析技术,运用核密度估计法、L函数和最近邻层次聚类分析等方法,分析2006~2015年中国留学人员创业园空间分布规律以及园区产业集聚特征,结果表明：中国留学人员创业园集聚特征显著,而且随着时间的推移,其多中心趋势明显,集聚规模迅速增大,集聚强度呈“先升后降,但总体增大”趋势;主要集聚于长三角、京津冀和珠三角等地区,尤以前两者最显著,且三大集聚区的集聚强度与集聚规模差异明显,其中长三角留创园的集聚规模最大,京津冀集聚强度最高,而珠三角则比较复杂,其在很小空间尺度范围内服从集聚分布,而在较大空间尺度范围内则服从随机分布;基于不同主导产业的中国留学人员创业园依然集中于长三角、京津冀和珠三角等地区,其主导产业分布格局则差异显著,规律性不强。     

长江三角洲巨型城市区特征分析

巨型城市区的概念于1999年由P. Hall提出,是中心大城市向新的或临近的较小城市极度扩散后所形成的,是21世纪初正在出现的新城市模式,其概念强调区域在全球化中的作用,并认为城市间高级生产性服务业产生的联系与区域的多中心结构相关联。近年来,长江三角洲作为中国最大的经济核心区,城市发展呈现出新的趋势和特点,上海依托长三角腹地建设全球城市成为共识,以上海为中心的大都市连绵带正在向巨型城市区演变。在介绍巨型城市区的概念的基础上,从多中心、功能性和网络性三个角度对长江三角洲巨型城市区的特征进行了初步分析,并指出长江三角洲巨型城市区是一个多中心网络状的城市区域。     

长三角地区研发产业的空间结构演化

本文旨在探讨研发产业的空间集聚规律和研发产业区域差异的空间特性, 揭示地理临近与产业网络形成及研发产业在城市体系间的内在关联。基于实地调查和R&D普查数据, 采用因子分析、聚类分析、GIS 制图等方法, 以区位理论和城市空间结构为理论依据, 探讨了长三角地区16 城市研发产业的空间演化过程, 分析了研发产业的影响因子。研究表明:影响研发产业的主要因子依次为:产业发展综合实力因子、产业结构因子、产业竞争力因子、经济结构支持因子、经济发展水平因子、研发活跃度因子等6 大类因子。研究结果表明, 2000 年长三角地区研发产业空间结构的显著特征是集聚在以上海为中心的单极空间模式。之后发展到2007 年, 南京、杭州、苏州等城市研发产业发展呈快速增长态势, 空间上表现为由单极集中转向多极分散的趋势。研究认为:今后长三角地区研发产业区域差异格局将逐步形成, 呈现为以上海、南京、杭州为顶点的区域内部的三角形格局。     

中国三大城市群服务业规模结构及演化特征

选择京津冀都市区、长三角城市群及珠三角城市群地区地级及以上城市2000-2010 年服务业增加值数据, 运用位序-规模法则和分形理论, 分析并阐释了区域内服务业规模结构的演化特征。结果表明:①以服务业增加值数据构建的京津冀都市区服务业规模分布符合位序-规模法则, 判定系数显示拟合效果较好;②根据分维值比较发现, 长三角城市群服务业规模结构接近理想状态并且比较稳定, 首位城市上海在区域服务业发展中发挥良好的辐射作用。珠三角城市群、京津冀都市区服务业规模结构体系并不均衡, 由于高位序城市服务业的规模效应和惯性优势, 目前的结构现状短期内难以改观;③北京和上海分别作为服务业的区域中心性城市的理论地位与实际较为接近, 并且北京显示出明显的集聚作用, 而广州的区域服务业中心性地位面临弱化的威胁。     

长江三角洲地区特色小镇地域类型及其适应性营造路径

特色小镇作为一种新型小城镇发展模式,具有重要的人口-产业-文化多维一体集聚与示范意义。选取长三角地区69个特色小镇为研究对象,运用ArcGIS10.5空间分析及SPSS20.0聚类分析等方法研究其空间特征及地域类型。研究发现：① 长三角地区特色小镇分布趋于集聚型,具多个密集区,集中在以上海为核心的江浙沪皖交界处,各市域特色小镇分布不均衡,空间形态呈一心多组团集聚格局,沿交通干线呈带状分布,并且多位于县际边缘区;② 特色小镇类型多样,地方特色资源与文化影响显著,长三角地区两批特色小镇中工业发展型特色居首,旅游发展型相对下降;地域类型呈现5类,其中平原地区工业发展型或农业服务型、河网或低山历史文化-旅游型地域本底条件优势显著。建议未来发展应考虑特色小镇区际异质性与邻近趋同性,注重毗邻县界多镇组团利用各自产业优势联动发展,提升整体竞争力。