采用偏心楔侧钻处理坚硬地层烧钻事故

介绍了一种取出式改进型偏心楔的侧钻方法、工艺措施及侧钻效果。与传统偏心楔侧钻法比较,具有偏孔速度快、可取出斜面岩心、无专程扩孔工序、不留事故隐患、不影响后续绳索取心钻进、偏心楔可重复使用等优点。解决了某矿区ZK901孔在坚硬岩中侧钻处理烧钻事故的关键技术难题。     

宝兴县城堤防工程灌注桩施工中的几个问题

介绍在宝兴县城堤防灌注桩工程施工中，如何解决孔轴线倾斜、卡钻、坍孔、导管堵塞等技术难题。     

浅谈在钻孔桩施工中出现埋钻问题的处理方法

介绍一种在细砂、粉砂土等易缩、易坍孔土层中进行钻孔桩施工过程中处理掉钻、卡钻和埋钻问题的一种行之有效的方法。     

山西腰站矿区ZK6004孔烧钻事故的处理

山西腰站矿区施工的ZK6004钻孔,设计孔深1450 m,地层复杂,而且全孔漏失,极易发生烧钻事故。就该孔连续发生的2次烧钻事故,进行了事故原因分析、处理方法的经验介绍。2次烧钻事故的处理过程中,根据实际不同情况,分别采用了掏眼法和冲砸法。这是深孔烧钻事故处理新方法、新尝试。同时总结了漏失深孔烧钻事故的预冲孔经验及预防措施。对于今后在复杂漏失地层深斜钻孔的施工有一定的借鉴价值。     

翠宏山铁矿主矿井勘察钻探施工技术及工艺

介绍了翠宏山铁矿主矿井勘察孔采用金刚石绳索取心钻探技术在大孔段严重坍塌地层中钻进、坍塌事故处理及大孔段扩孔的技术方法。     

多功能液压桩孔钻机

多功能液压桩孔钻机是一种高效率、多用途的灌注桩成孔设备，它能够快速地改变机器形态，配备长螺旋钻、短螺旋钻、筒形钻、岩石钻等钻具进行旋挖成孔，配备摆管器等钻具进行全套管护壁成孔，或者配备各种抓斗实施地下连续墙作业。介绍了多功能液压桩孔钻机的结构及特点。     

套管开窗侧钻技术在汶川地震断裂带科学钻探项目中的应用

汶川地震断裂带科学钻探工程钻遇地层非常复杂,地层破碎、膨胀缩径,坍塌、掉块严重,多次出现卡埋钻等事故,同时复杂地层取心率偏低。WFSD-2孔在取心率很低井段,为补取岩心运用套管开窗侧钻技术;而在WFSD-4孔施工中,套管内出现卡钻事故,为绕障采用套管开窗侧钻技术。介绍了复杂事故井套管开窗侧钻从准备到实施的工艺流程和技术措施。套管开窗侧钻的成功应用为后续工程实施节约了时间和成本,对今后类似作业具有很好的指导和借鉴作用。     

涡阳花沟区28-5煤田孔粘钻事故的处理实践

介绍了涡阳花沟区28-5煤田孔粘钻事故的原因和处理方法,加强对泥浆比重、滤失性和流变性能的调整,对预防孔内发生粘钻事故有积极作用。     

一种基于地矿钻机的智能化钻参仪

鉴于地矿钻参仪滞后于深孔钻探的发展,开发出了一套适用于地矿钻机的智能化钻参仪。本智能化钻参仪由四个子系统构成,即硬件数据采集子系统、软件数据处理子系统、信息网络共享子系统及工况识别子系统。本文分别介绍了四个子系统的主要功能,重点对各个子系统实现原理进行了阐述。系统目前已投入野外现场试用,应用表明,该智能化钻参仪能满足地矿深孔钻探数据采集及远程共享数据的需求。本文将为后来学者深入研究智能化钻参仪提供参考价值。     

武汉白沙洲长江大桥百米长桩成孔技术与施工实践

介绍了百米长桩的施工方法、施工设备、护孔技术,并就深孔实施泵吸反循环的可行性、主要技术措施以及强风化岩层的糊钻问题进行了分析。     

Current Status and Advance of Tidal-Bore Deposit Study

Tidal bore is hydraulic jump during the process of tide flooding with the tide wave moving upstream. They are widely distributed in the estuary zone with high tidal range and funnel-shaped planeform. Tidal bore deposit study is important for further understanding about paleogeomorphology, paleoenvironment, paleoclimate of areas near the estuaries, and sandbody formed by tidal bore deposit could be potential oil and gas reservoir. Researches about tidal bore have been always concentrated on hydraulic characteristics of tidal bore and its influences on estuary environment and engineering, while the study on tidal bore deposit is rarely reported. One of the most important causes is the complex hydrodynamic conditions in the estuary zone. Deposits characteristics is complicated in this zone due to comprehensive effects of river flow, waves and tides. It is hard to affirm the preservation probability of tidal bore deposits, especially in the ancient rock record. In view of this, current status and forecast about tidal-bore deposit study were expounded in this study based on comprehensive summary and discussion about typical tidal bore deposit data and reports. Criteria for recognition of tidal-bore deposits were described in detail on the aspects of sedimentary structures, grain size distribution, and facies model. One of the most critical diagnostic marks of tidal bore was a special undulating erosion surface with a series of irregular and stepped excavations on it. This surface was formed by cyclic pressure loading induced by the passage of a tidal bore. In addition, the cross-bedding inclined upstream, soft sediment deformation structures and massive sandstone on the erosion surface were also important marks of a tidal bore deposit. Problems existing in current research were discussed and some suggestions were proposed. Various methods and technology should be used to perfect tidal bore facies model, and research on diagenesis and reservoir features of sandbody formed by tidal bore should be strengthened in the future. Sandbody formed by tidal bore of different types (breaking tidal bore and undular tidal bore) should be distinguished to deepen the understanding of their various hydrodynamic conditions and reservoir scale. Tidal bore is significant geological process in estuary zone, and deposits formed by it makes great influence on the geomorphology of this area, which should be paid more attention.     

钻孔柱状图中缓冲线绘制技术

介绍了基于钻孔资料的柱状图自动成图技术,阐述了应用数据库方法对钻孔资料进行管理和钻孔柱状图自动成图系统的总体功能、设计思想、实现方法、关键算法及其特点.重点对钻孔柱状图成图过程中绘制缓冲线的关键算法做了详细的叙述.软件实现了对钻孔资料的管理和自动成图,同时以福建省漳州某第四系钻孔的岩性数据为例,说明该系统绘制出的具有缓冲线结构的钻孔柱状图既美观又实用.     

旋挖钻孔灌注桩在泥质粉砂岩地区施工实践

通过旋挖钻孔灌注桩在广西某大型电厂泥质粉砂岩地区的实际应用,分析了旋挖钻孔灌注桩与冲孔灌注桩相比具有的优势和特点,并针对施工中遇到的实际问题提出了相应的处理措施,可为今后该地区类似场地钻孔灌注桩施工提供一定参考。     

钱塘江河口大规模治江围涂后对涌潮高度的影响

根据钱塘江河口治江围涂前和大规模治江围涂后现场实测的涌潮高度数据,对盐官以下河段大潮期涌潮高度的变化进行分析,结果表明,大规模治江围涂后的涌潮最高河段已由治江围涂前的新湾下移至大缺口段,并且大规模治江围涂后的涌潮最高值比治江围涂前增高了0.4 m,盐官河段增高0.1 m.盐官以上河段治江围涂后的涌潮高度变化,主要与径流对沙坎顶的冲淤密切相关,在其它条件相同时,治江围涂后的涌潮高度有所增大.这一结果与某些年份因涌潮增高,标准堤大量溢流等实例基本相符.     

煤层气鱼骨状分支水平井轨道优化设计方法研究

鱼骨状水平井能够有效增大煤层气储层裸露面积,提高单井煤层气的产量。将各个分支拆分成相对独立的待钻轨道与主井眼轨道分别进行设计计算,拆分后的井眼轨道可以转化为二维轨道来进行设计。结合鱼骨状分支水平井的特点,建立了分支水平井井眼轨道最优化设计模型,并对分支井眼与主井眼的关系进行了分析研究。结果表明,随着井深、造斜率的增加,分支井眼与主井眼的直线夹角增加,且分支井眼偏离主井眼的距离是逐渐增大的;在直线夹角一定的情况下,造斜率与井深呈反比关系,即造斜率越高,所需要的分支井井段越短;造斜率越低,所需要的分支井井段越长。     

水灰岩地层中子随能量和时间分布的Monte Carlo模拟

作者在MCNP的基础上，开发了中子测井，中子通量随空间、能量、时间分布蒙特卡罗（Monte Carlo)模拟软件包。对裸眼井、井眼里无下井仪器、水饱和灰岩地层、井眼注水，用该软件计算了沿井轴和沿井壁中子能量随能量、时间分布，以及沿井轴和沿井壁热中子和超热中子时间谱。即源距离变化对中子能量随能量、时间分布和井轴与井壁热中子、超热中子时间谱的影响。     

砂岩型铀矿钻孔原始地质编录数据的采集与管理

介绍了砂岩型铀矿找矿勘探过程中钻孔数据的产生途径、作用及意义,阐述了钻孔数据采集与管理的现状,以及数据库技术在提高砂岩型铀矿钻孔数据采集与管理方面的优势,并对基于钻孔数据库开发的管理系统功能模块进行介绍,有利于砂岩型铀矿钻孔数据采编系统的推广应用。     

Cause and prevention of well bore clogging by particles

Well bore clogging is caused by accumulation of particles on the well bore. However, all abstracted groundwaters contain particles, but not all wells clog. Apparently, clogging is not caused by the mere presence of particles, but other factors are also involved. Results from on-line well-head readings demonstrate that the clogging rate is not constant: the specific capacity decreases during long abstraction periods and remains constant during intermittent abstraction. Results of particle counts reveal that the particle concentration in the abstracted groundwater shows a peak immediately after switching on the well. This concentration peak is caused by the removal of particles from the well bore that accumulated during the preceding abstraction period. As long as all accumulated particles are removed, no clogging will occur; if not, clogging will occur. Consequently, well bore clogging can be prevented by switching the pump on and off with sufficient frequency to remove the particles accumulated on the well bore during the preceding abstraction period. Moreover, this explanation leads to additional recommendations for well operation, well construction and well design to prevent well bore clogging.     

Tsunami bore runup

Nearshore behaviors of tsunamis, specifically those formed as a single uniform bore, are investigated experimentally in a laboratory environment. The transition process from tsunami bore to runup is described by the momentum exchange process between the bore and the small wedge-shaped water body along the shore: the bore front itself does not reach the shoreline directly, but the large bore mass pushes the small, initially quiescent water in front of it. The fluid motions near the runup water line appear to be complex. The complex flow pattern must be caused by irregularities involved in the driving bore and turbulence advected into the runup flow. Those experimental results suggest that the tsunami actions at the shoreline involve significant mean kinetic energy together with violent turbulence. Even though the behaviors of bore motion were found to be different from those predicted by the shallow-water wave theory, the maximum runup height appears to be predictable by the theory if the value of the initial runup velocity is modified (reduced). Besides the friction effect, this reduction of the initial runup velocity must be related to the transition process as well as the highly interacting three-dimensional runup motion.     

莺歌海盆地DF1-1-11井有孔虫生物地层与沉积环境研究

结合ODP184航次及2008年"国际地层表"等研究成果,对莺歌海盆地基准井DF1-1-11井岩屑地层(630～3508 m)的有孔虫定量分析资料进行研究,建立可靠的生物地层及年代地层格架,并通过对钻井中有孔虫丰度、分异度、浮游比例、组合特征及古水深估算分析,讨论了DF1-1一11井中中新世以来的沉积环境演化.研究结果...