注浆方法在路基沉陷处理设计中的应用

介绍了注浆方法在路基沉陷处理设计中的应用及研究，结合具体的工程实例详细地介绍了路基沉陷处理过程中对注浆压力、注浆量的计算方法。考虑到路基土体的不均一性，提出了“疏密相间”的注浆孔布置方法。     

静压注浆加固厂房地基

土层静压注浆、高压喷射注浆和深层搅拌注浆等均属固结灌浆施工技术，常用于软弱地基处理，本文介绍了某厂房地基采用静压注浆方法进行浅层处理时，注浆设备和机具的选择，固结灌浆孔成孔方法，注浆工艺、以及注浆时故障的处理。     

复合注浆法在基础加固中的应用

复合注浆法是将静压注浆法和高压旋喷注浆法进行时序上的结合，分别发挥两种注浆加固方法各自的优点，又可克服各自的技术和工艺缺陷的一种基础加固新方法，它可以较好地对既有建筑物地基和新建建筑基础出现质量问题进行加固处理。简述了复合注浆法的加固作用机理、设计及计算模型，在此基础上通过工程实例介绍其施工技术并分析其加固效果和经济性。     

管棚双液注浆在隧道坍方处理中的应用

分析了大山坪隧道坍方的原因，介绍了管棚双液注浆法处理隧道坍方的施工方案和具体措施；并根据该隧道坍方处理的成功案例，指出管棚双液注浆并辅之以径向小导管注浆加强来处理较大的坍方，是一种行之有效而又安全稳妥的方法。     

珊瑚礁地基上岩土工程实例

本文介绍了在西沙群岛永兴岛的特殊地基条件下，采用高压喷射注浆技术对大型地下集水池进行封底，并获得圆满成功的工程实例，总结了采用高压喷射注浆技术处理珊瑚礁地基的成功经验。     

帷幕注浆在岩溶路基塌陷整治工程中的应用

帷幕注浆是近年来应用于岩溶区路基塌陷病害治理的一项新技术和有效方法之一。本文以某段岩溶路基塌陷注浆处理的工程实例，介绍了帷幕注浆设计，施工及效果检验并对注浆处理中的若干问题进行了讨论，可供类似工程参考。     

乌-奎高速公路煤层采空区注浆治理工程问题

文章对煤矿采空区治理工程中的钻孔注浆问题进行了讨论。根据乌-奎高速公路上的具体实践，提出了钻孔注浆工艺的适用方法。从注浆过程、注浆材料等方面针对不同的注浆目的和地质情况．提出了改进的意见，克服了原设计在注浆施工中遇到的困难，解决了实际问题。     

注浆法在填土地基加固处理中的应用实例

泸溪县武溪110kv变电站场地地基为人工开挖山坡堆填而成，填土厚薄不均，由块石、碎石及粉土构成。变电站建成后，建筑物及地面发生不均匀沉降，建设方要求进行加固处理，经过反复对比和投资验算，确定采用充填、渗透注浆法对填土地基注入浓水泥浆进行加固处理。施工前，先要进行注浆试验，选择合理的注浆方式和技术参数。注浆加固后，通过一年多的观察，建筑物及地面不均匀沉隆均得到控制，达到了提高地基承载力，稳定建筑的目的。     

袖阀管注浆技术在灰岩地层中的应用

为保证灰岩地基处理中充填物能够与周围环境固结成为一个整体，且具有一定的强度，本次地基处理工程采用了袖阀管注浆和双液注浆相结合的方法，使其充填物在灰岩地基中形成树枝状、叶面状等的水泥结块，从而提高桩端下卧持力层稳定性及处理体的承载力。     

压浆成桩技术的研究及应用

注浆技术在封堵地下涌水和加固岩体工程中应用甚广，利用钻孔成桩技术是在地面注浆基础上发展起来的，对地基进行处理而形成的一种注浆法。它将注浆技术与钻孔桩放了工技术相结合，应用于基坑挡土桩施工的压浆成桩新工艺，发展了现行传统桩基础施工法。     

Unity of the national and the international in the socio-cultural development of the peoples of the USSR

International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen.     

Report of the restudy of the defined global stratotype of the base of the Silurian System

The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs.     

Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth

It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T ₃ = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″.     

东濮凹陷北部沙河街组三段中亚段沉积环境分析

东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。     

The Tendencies of the Development of the Mineral-Resources Sector at the Turn of the Century

Important tendencies in development of the world mineral-resources sector at the beginning of the 21st century were an increase in production and consumption of mineral materials differentiated by types of metals and nonmetallic mineral raw materials, by countries and regions, as well as the concentration of the production of mineral raw materials in a small number of countries, and a reduction in industrial reserves of minerals in the world economy, even at the current stage of their extraction. These tendencies should be taken into account in working out a strategy for development of the Russian mineral raw-material base.     

Causes of the famine among the rural population of the Sahelian zone of the Sudan

Taking the example of W Sudan, an analysis of the climatic incidents leading to the two recent famine disasters is made. On this natural background, the human side is investigated. Focus is directed towards the fragile economic structure of the famine-prone population groups. An early-warning system for famine in the Sahelian Zone is proposed taking grain production and storage, livestock development and the relationship between the prices of livestock and grain as major indicators.     

郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论

据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。     

The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads

In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning.