海滨砂矿中金红石矿综合利用研究

为了综合回收海滨砂矿中的金红石,获得高品级的金红石精矿,通过镜下鉴定、电子探针等手段对金红石精矿及单矿物作了分析,确定了影响金红石精矿品位的主要因素是含铁金红石和白钛石,在此基础上,进行了金红石磁选及电选试验,选择了ＣＲＧ５４永磁双辊磁选机的最佳极距和给矿量以及ＤＳＧ－６高压电选机的最佳矿温度。在最佳操作条件下,对原选别工艺流程进行了改进,在原两段磁选和两段电选流程后增加了摇床选别工序,使金红石精     

南召泌阳金红石矿带金红石赋存规律

为了开发利用南召—泌阳金红石矿带的金红石,综合分析了以往资料,并在实地踏勘、样品测试和重点地段综合研究基础上,查明了各矿段金红石矿基本地质特征、金红石赋存状态、嵌布特征、粒度变化特征、金红石富矿体的主要赋存位置。区内粗粒易选富矿体位于矿带中段的左老庄组一段上部（北部）。采用以微生物提纯金红石粗精矿为标志的新工艺,取得了良好的选矿试验效果。刘岗矿区的1号和2号富矿体可作为进一步研究和开发利用的重点。     

山西代县碾子沟金红石矿床地质特征及经济意义研究

金红石在国民经济中用途广泛,我国每年需要大量进口.山西碾子沟金红石矿床位于五台西段草垛山分岭背斜南翼,金红石矿体赋存于碾子沟上段地层中,矿体产状与地层产状一致,矿体规模、产状和形态严格受岩体控制,矿化是吕梁期热液活动强烈影响的结果,使得金红石叠加富集.矿床含矿岩石主要为阳起透闪岩、绿泥透闪岩等.金红石呈半自形粒状结构,多分布于透闪石矿物之间.采用金红石(TiO2)边界品位1.0%、工业品位1.6%计算,共求得金红石(TiO2)资源/储量163万t,属于大型矿山.     

柴达木盆地北缘鱼卡—铁石观一带金红石矿床的发现及其地质意义

通过野外地质调查、岩石学、矿相学等研究手段,在柴达木盆地北缘鱼卡及铁石观一带均发现榴辉岩型金红石矿床,其单个矿体长可达千米以上,宽均达几米至几十米不等,金红石物相Ti平均品位可达2.58%,属于高钛榴辉岩的范畴,且其矿床地质特征与大别—苏鲁地区的金红石矿床特征极为相似。鱼卡和铁石观金红石矿床的发现,填补了柴北缘榴辉岩变质带没有金红石矿床的空缺,并暗示柴北缘地区有发现大型榴辉岩矿床的找矿远景。     

山西代县金红石矿床地质特征及找矿方向

讨论了山西代县金红石矿的成矿地质背景,展示了找矿标志与方向。从金红石矿床的地质特征入手,分析了山西代县金红石矿的成矿与控矿因素,为进一步开展工作提供一种思路。     

二氧化钛(TiO_2)系中相变之初步研讨

二氧化钛矿物有三种同质异形体;金红石(Rutile),锐钛矿(Anatase)与板钛矿(Brookite),金红石与锐钛矿俱可用人工方法制成。在自然界中金红石分布甚广,为火成岩之原生次要矿物,并可形成沉积物重矿部份之主要组成矿物。板钛矿与锐钛矿之产状逊於金红石但有时亦为沉积物中之重要矿物。     

灰色优势分析在摇床操作参数优化中的应用

运用灰色优势分析法对摇床选矿过程中冲程、床面坡度、给矿浓度和给矿量等操作参数对选矿效果（精矿品位和业矿回收率）的影响进行了研究,获得了摇床选别细粒砂矿影响因素的显著性序次;对精矿品位影响的显著性依次是冲程、床面坡度、给矿量和给矿浓度;对精矿回收率影响的显著性依次是冲程、给矿量、床面坡度和给矿浓度。该结论为摇床选别细粒砂矿进一步调优试验指明了方向。     

钛铁矿深加工及高钛渣生产中资源综合利用研究

钛矿资源主要包括钛铁矿、金红石、白钛矿和红钛铁矿等,其中钛铁矿约占可利用钛矿资源80%左右,是用途最大的钛矿资源.国外大多利用钛铁矿砂矿,主要生产国家有澳大利亚、南非、加拿大、乌克兰、挪威等国,其产量占世界产量的84%以上.我国钛资源虽然居世界储量之首,但97%为原生钒钛磁铁矿,由于原生矿中TiO2含量均低于10%,且钛铁矿与磁铁矿紧密结合,选治难度较大,因此目前多用于硫酸法钛白的生产原料.     

武当-桐柏-大别成矿带金红石矿床成矿规律与找矿前景初探

武当-桐柏-大别成矿带是我国最为重要的金红石成矿区带和原生金红石主要产地之一。本文根据近期对该成矿带金红石矿床开展的野外地质调查和室内整理研究工作,综述了武当-桐柏-大别成矿带金红石矿床的地质特征,将成矿带内金红石矿床(点)划分为区域(沉积)变质型、榴辉(闪)岩型和机械-沉积型三种类型。同时从地层、构造以及成矿地质条件等方面简要探讨了矿床(点)的成矿规律和控矿因素,在此基础上识别出地层时代、岩性、地球化学异常等找矿标志,并初步勾勒出湖北枣阳-河南新县以及湖北英山-安徽潜山两个金红石矿床的找矿远景区。本文对成矿区金红石矿成矿规律的总结和成矿条件的分析显示出成矿带金红石具有极大的找矿潜力,可望成为我国最具潜力的金红石战略储备基地。     

苏鲁榴辉岩型金红石矿床研究进展

文章对苏鲁榴辉岩型金红石矿床的研究进展进行了简单综述。苏鲁超高压变质带金红石矿床的勘探可追溯到20世纪50年代末，近年来找矿工作取得重要进展，已查明金红石矿床总储量达数千万吨。矿床属典型的榴辉岩型金红石矿床，与超高压变质作用关系密切。金红石在榴辉岩中最主要也最具工业价值的赋存方式是呈粒间颗粒充填于主矿物绿辉石和石榴石之间，金红石中的微量元素与其寄主榴辉岩的类型和产状有明显的相关性，并且可反映其形成温度，因此在苏鲁超高压变质榴辉岩和金红石矿床的研究中具有重要价值。富钛基性原岩是榴辉岩型金红石矿床形成的物质基础，高压区域变质作用是这类矿床形成的必要条件。     

Geology and Geochemistry of the Yangtizishan‐Moshishan Metamorphosed Sedimentary Anatase Deposit in Zhenglan Qi,Inner Mongolia: Discovery of a New Genetic Type of Titanium Deposit

Anatase and its allomorphic mineral rutile have the most prominent economic significance among titanium mineral resources and constitute one of the badly needed mineral resources currently in China. The Yantizishan-Moshishan anatase deposit was formerly referred to as an iron deposit. Based on recent investigation and exploration the authors believe that it is actually a large metamorphosed sedimentary anatase-dominated deposit belonging to a new genetic type. Ore bodies occur in stratoid and lenticular forms in Mesoproterozoic (1751 Ma) schist, metasandstone (metasiltstone), and amphibolite. Rich ores have perthitic structure comprising chiefly interbedded quartz perthite (with disseminated anatase and rutile) and anatase perthite. Ore minerals are mainly anatase and subordinately rutile and ilmenite (±hematite), while nonmetallic minerals are chiefly quartz with a certain amount of anthophyllite and biotite (±garnet). The grain sizes of anatase, rutile and ilmenite are 0.01–0.1 mm. Rich ores contain 3.14% to 15.46% TiO2, averaging 6.91%, while the low-grade ores have TiO2 content about 1.2%to 2.97%, averaging 1.76%. The ores have relatively high TFe and V contents. Trace elements in anatase and rutile such as Nb and Cr were analyzed by the electron microprobe. According to their relatively low Nb and Cr contents, source anatase and rutile must have come from meta-mafic rocks. Trace elements of the associated ilmenite show relatively high MnO and low MgO contents, just in contrast to those of ilmenite in V-Ti-magnetite ores of magmatic origin. The protoliths of amphibolite wall rocks should be basalt and picrite-basalt. Pertochemical data suggest that the tectonic setting of these rocks belongs to an island arc or a transitional belt between the island arc and oceanic ridge. Silicon isotope study shows that δ30Si values of different anatase ores, quartzite, and schist in this deposit are 0.1‰ to –0.9‰, similar to those of marine hydrothermal exhalative sedimentary deposits. All of these geological and geochemical characteristics of the ore deposit suggest that the anatase ores and amphibolite are products of submarine basic volcanism. The ores had chemical precipitation features, but were later subjected to regional intermediate (or somewhat lower) grade metamorphism (1158 Ma). Rutile was formed mainly in the process of this metamorphism. The ore belt locally underwent hydrothermal modification during the emplacement of Late Yanshanian granite (118?Ma).     

论东川脉状富铜矿的历史和现实意义

东川脉状富铜矿在历史上对矿山、对国家曾作出过重大贡献。汤丹厚大的层状铜矿也是５０年代在广泛调查汤丹脉状矿的基础上发现的，从而肯定整个东川矿区层状矿的巨大工业价值。对脉状铜矿的成因，长期以来受着“脉状铜矿由层状铜矿就地取材”转化形成的思想束缚，因而对其评价－研究成果甚少。从脉矿现有的历史资料出发，结合当今的研究成果，认为东川矿区广泛分布含铜大于５％的富脉矿，脉矿与层状矿在伴生元素、稀土配分、硫同位素组成，爆裂测温等方面，二者均有明显的区别。脉铜矿是以深源为主形成的。建议对历史上曾开采，但至今未作详细地质工作的茂麓铜厂尽快予以评价。     

迤纳厂矿床：一个“白云鄂博式”铁铜稀土矿床

云南武定迤纳厂铁铜稀土矿床是滇中地区具有代表性的元古宙铁铜稀土矿床之一。矿床中除了铁、铜资源外,还伴生有稀土、稀有(铌)、钇、钼、钴等组分。研究表明：稀土元素含量在条纹条带状矿石和脉状矿石中均较高,ΣREE含量分别高达(1 446.83~11 259.23)×10-6和(2 020.92~3 415.51)×10-6,尤其富集La、Ce等轻稀土元素;稀有(铌)元素主要富集在条纹条带状矿石中,含量高达(278.8~529.0)×10-6。由于矿床的矿物组成非常复杂,并且矿石中稀土、稀有(铌)矿物含量相对较少,矿物结晶粒度细小,用传统的测试技术和方法很难识别鉴定,因此矿床的矿物学特征,尤其是稀土、稀有(铌)矿物的赋存状态特征研究一直以来都较为棘手。论文应用矿物表征自动定量分析系统(AMICS),结合扫描电镜能谱仪(SEM-EDS)显微结构原位分析技术,完成了常规岩矿鉴定手段难以完成的矿物定量识别和鉴定,在矿石中发现了含量可观的氟碳钙铈矿、氟碳铈矿和少量的独居石、褐帘石、铌铁矿、褐钇铌矿、硅钍钇矿、含铌金红石等稀有稀土矿物。其中,氟碳铈矿、独居石、铌铁矿、褐钇铌矿等主要富集于条纹条带状矿石中,与铁氧化物、磷灰石、萤石、菱铁矿和早期黄铜矿、黄铁矿等紧密共生;氟碳钙铈矿、褐帘石、硅钍钇矿、含铌金红石等主要局部富集在脉状矿石中,与石英、方解石、绿泥石和晚期黄铜矿、黄铁矿等紧密共生。显然,在铁氧化物和铜硫化物成矿两个阶段均伴随有稀土成矿作用。结合前人的研究成果,笔者将主矿化期划分为铁氧化物磷灰石稀土成矿阶段(Ⅱ-1)和铜硫化物(金)稀土成矿阶段(Ⅱ-2)。其中,氟碳铈矿、独居石、铌铁矿、褐钇铌矿等主要形成于Ⅱ-1阶段,其成矿作用可能与Columbia超大陆裂谷化裂解有关;氟碳钙铈矿、褐帘石、硅钍钇矿、(含铌)金红石等则主要形成于Ⅱ-2阶段,其成矿作用可能与Rodinia超大陆裂解有关。对比研究发现,云南武定迤纳厂铁铜稀土矿床与白云鄂博超大型铌铁稀土矿床在大地构造背景、成矿元素组合、赋矿岩系、矿物组成、成矿时代、稀土来源等方面均有可对比性,初步确定云南武定迤纳厂铁铜稀土矿床是一个“白云鄂博式”矿床。     

西北某钒钛磁铁矿矿石的工艺矿物学研究

西北某矿石属低硫含磷的酸性低品位原生钒钛磁铁矿矿石,通过镜下鉴定、X射线衍射分析和扫描电镜分析等多种手段对原矿的化学成分、矿物组成及含量、矿物的产出形式、矿石的结构构造、主要目的矿物的嵌布粒度等进行了详细的工艺矿物学研究,查明矿石的工艺学特性.研究结果表明,该矿石具浸染状构造和交代构造,其中铁矿物主要是钛磁铁矿和赤铁矿,钛矿物包括钛铁矿、金红石和榍石等.钛磁铁矿和钛铁矿均属不均匀细粒—微细粒嵌布特征,在-400目占95%左右的磨矿细度条件下,通过选矿可获得铁精矿和钛精矿两种产品.     

Eclogites of the Dabie Region: Retrograde Metamorphismand Fluid Evolution

Based upon fluid effects, retrograde metamorphism of eclogites in the Dabie region can be divided into the fluid-poor, fluid-bearing and fluid-rich stages. The fluid-poor stage is marked by polymorphic inversion, recrystallization and exsolution of solid solutions, and is thought to represent eclogite-facies retrograde environments. The fluid-bearing stage is likely to have occurred at the late stage of ecologite-facies diaphthorosis and is represented by kyanite porphyroblasts, rutile, and sodic pyroxene in association with high-pressure hydrous minerals such as phengite and zoisite (clinozoisite) without significant amount of hydrous minerals such as amphibole, epidote and biotite. The fluid-rich stage might have commenced concomitantly with lower amphibolite-facies diaphthoresis and persisted all the way towards the near-surface environment. The product of this stage is characterized by plentiful hydrous and volatile-bearing phases.The dissemination-type rutile mineralizations in eclogites might have     

Applied Mineralogical Studies on Iranian Titanium Deposits

Qara-aghaj and Skandian as hard rock titanium deposit and Kahnooj one as a placer deposit were investigated from applied mineralogical point of view. The mineralogical studies were carried out using XRD, XRF, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and microprobe analysis. These studies indicated that ilmenite and magnetite are main valuable minerals in the studied ores. Pyroxene, olivine and plagioclase are the main gangue minerals in Qara-aghaj ore while chlorite and plagioclase are the major gangue minerals in Skandian ore. Plagioclase, clinopyroxene, amphibole, feldspate and some quartz are the important gangue minerals in kahnooj deposit. In all three ores ilmenite is mainly in the form of ilmenite grains but some lamellae of ilmenite with thickness between 0.1 to 20 μm have been occurred as exsolution textures inside magnetite grains, where the magnetite here can be referred to as ilmenomagnetite. In the hard rock ores some fine ilmenites have been disseminated in silicate minerals. The liberation degree of granular ilmenite was determined 150, 140 and 200 μm for Qara-aghaj, Skandian and Kahnooj, respectively. So, only the granular form of ilmenite is recoverable by physical methods. Some sphene and rutile as titanium containing minerals were observed mainly inside ilmenite phase in kahnooj ore. Some fine rutile was also found inside Skandian ilmenite while there were not any other titanium minerals inside Qara-aghaj ilmenite. Apatite is another valuable mineral which was found only in Qara-aghaj ore. Using SEM and microprobe analysis it was found that there are different amounts of exsolved fine lamellae of hematite inside ilmenite in Qara-aghaj and Kahnooj ores while it was not observed in Sckandian one. The average contents of TiO2 in the lattice of Qara-aghaj, Skandian and Kahnooj ilmenite were determined 51.13, 50.9% and 52.02%, respectively. FeO content of ilmenite lattice for all three samples is clearly lower than the theoretical content. This is due to the substitution of Mg and Mn for some Fe2+ ions in the ilmenite lattice. V2O3 content of magnetite lattice is up to 1%. So, magnetite can be a suitable source for production of vanadium as a by-product in all three deposits.     

Geothermometry based on fractionation of Mn and Cd between coexisting sphalerite and galena from some carbonate-hosted sulfide deposits in India

Geothermometry based on the fractionation of Mn and Cd between coexisting sphalerite and galena from concordantly banded, strata-bound ores and younger vein ores of Rajpura-Dariba, Zawar, and Bandalamottu has been attempted. Different fractionation trends for the banded and vein ores in the same deposit at Rajpura-Dariba indicate different thermal regimes of final equilibration for the two varieties of ores. In contrast, a single trend incorporating both types of ores is suggestive of isothermal conditions of final equilibration for the banded and vein ores at Zawar. Unrealistically high temperatures obtained for the vein ores of Bandalamottu suggest equilibrium in the sphalerite-galena aggregates of this deposit was not attained. Thermometric data from Mn and Cd fractionation are compared with other independent geothermometric determinations obtained from fluid inclusion homogenization studies and based on phase equilibria. It has been found that, in general, the Cd-fractionation temperature (T_Cd) is a more reliable geothermometer than the Mn-fractionation temperature (T_Mn). This presumably may be due to the susceptibility of aqueous Mn species to subtle changes in in the ore fluid and consequent heterogeneity in Mn concentration in sphalerite, thus affecting the distribution coefficient. The investigation also suggests that T_Cd becomes increasingly more dependable when the ores are metamorphosed and reequilibrated at higher grades of metamorphism.     

小秦岭金矿流体包裹体挥发组分与金的矿化

小秦岭石英脉型金矿矿物包裹体中挥发组分以Ｈ２Ｏ和ＣＯ２为主，还有少量的ＣＨ４、ＣＯ、Ｈ２、Ｈ２Ｓ等。富金矿石中包裹体的ＣＯ２＞３０ｍｏｌ％．ＣＯ２／Ｈ２Ｏ＞０．４，而贫金矿石中包裹体的ＣＯ２＜２０ｍｏｌ％，ＣＯ２／Ｈ２Ｏ＜０．２。前者包裹体的气体成分中含有较多的ＣＨ４、ＣＯ和Ｈ２等还原性气体．表明这种金矿的成矿流体以富含ＣＯ２为特征，ＣＯ２含量的变化对金的富集起着重要作用．因此金矿石中矿物包裹体的ＣＯ２含量或ＣＯ２／Ｈ２Ｏ比值可以作为深部预测的主要判据之一，并应用于小秦岭金矿山已取得良好的效果。     

Zircon formation during fluid circulation in eclogites (Monviso, Western Alps): implications for Zr and Hf budget in subduction zones

The zircons from an eclogite and an enclosed eclogite-facies vein from the Monviso ophiolite (Western Alps) display contrasting chemical and morphologic features and document different stages of the evolution of the ophiolite. The zircons from the eclogite show a typical magmatic zoning and are enriched in heavy rare earth elements (HREEs) over middle rare earth elements (MREEs) and have an accentuated negative Eu anomaly, which indicates that the grains co-crystallised with plagioclase. These magmatic zircons document the formation of oceanic crust at 163 ± 2 Ma. In contrast, zircons from the vein contain inclusions of garnet, omphacite, and rutile, which indicate that they crystallised under eclogite-facies conditions. The vein zircons have Th/U ratios < 0.09, lack Eu anomalies, and are only weakly enriched in HREE with respect to MREE. These features are consistent with a garnet-bearing, plagioclase-free, i.e., eclogite-facies paragenesis. Vein zircons yield an age of 45 ± 1 Ma, which is evidence for Eocene subduction-zone metamorphism of the Monviso ophiolite.In the vein, the apparent coexistence of zircon, omphacite, and garnet permits the determination of a set of trace element distribution coefficients among these minerals at high pressure. This set of partitioning can demonstrate chemical equilibrium among these phases in rocks that show less clear evidence of textural equilibrium. In addition, zircon age can now be linked to sensors of metamorphic pressure-temperature conditions. The presence of zircon and rutile in the vein is another example of high field strength element (HFSE) mobility over short distances in aqueous fluids at eclogite-facies conditions. However, the concentrations of Zr and Hf in the aqueous fluid are estimated to be at least a factor of 10 less than primitive mantle values.Mass balance calculations demonstrate that zircon hosts > 95% of the bulk Zr, 90% of Hf, and ∼25% of U in the vein. Zircon is a residual phase in subducted basalts and sediments up to temperatures of at least 800 to 900 °C. Therefore, residual zircon in subducted crust, together with rutile, control the HFSE in liberated subduction zone fluids/melts and might be partly responsible for negative Zr and Hf anomalies in subduction zone magmas.