相山、下庄铀矿田稀土元素特征及示踪研究

相山、下庄两个铀矿田主要赋矿围岩的稀土元素特征极具相似性,显示出壳源型的特点。但它们的矿石稀土元素特征有很大的不同,相山铀矿田矿石稀土元素特别是重稀土元素含量与铀含量呈正相关,负铕异常和围岩相同。而下庄铀矿田矿石亏损稀土元素尤其是轻稀土元素,负铕异常比围岩更强烈,与幔源辉绿岩、正长岩的稀土元素分布模式相近。两矿田矿石稀土元素含量上存在明显差异的同时,都具有比其围岩LREE/HREE比值大幅度降低的特点。结合区域地质演化,认为两铀矿田矿石稀土元素具有不同的特征,但成矿流体都具有幔源性质,矿床都是在白垩—第三纪地壳拉张环境下形成的。     

下庄铀矿田337矿床成矿流体稀土元素示踪

337铀矿床位于下庄矿田东缘,区内发育近EW向、NNE向构造裂隙群及NW向辉绿岩和正长岩脉体,发育以碱性为主的多种围岩蚀变。区内矿床主要赋矿围岩的稀土元素特征属壳源型。矿石内金属矿物以沥青铀矿为主,矿石的LREE/HREE比值为3.25,Sm/Nd比值平均为0.307,Ce/Yb比值为7.127,这些数据都显示出成矿流体具有较深来源。矿石较围岩亏损稀土元素尤其是轻稀土元素,稀土元素分布模式平缓,与幔源辉绿岩特别是与正长岩的稀土元素分布模式相近,负铕异常比围岩更为强烈,反映成矿流体的来源具有幔源性。结合区域地质特征,可以认为337矿床成矿流体来源具有幔源性质。     

相山铀矿田成矿流体特征:来自微量、稀土元素地球化学证据

相山铀矿田的成矿流体性质和来源存在争议,为进一步探讨相山铀矿田成矿流体的性质和来源,本文对相山铀矿田西部的居隆庵铀矿床和北部的沙洲铀矿床中的新鲜围岩、蚀变围岩及矿石的微量、稀土元素含量及其变化进行了研究。结果显示:在含较多热液成因萤石的居隆庵铀矿床中,从新鲜围岩到蚀变围岩到矿石,Zr、Hf含量先降低再升高;而在含少量热液萤石的沙洲铀矿床中,新鲜围岩、蚀变围岩和矿石的Zr、Hf含量基本一致。鉴于富F流体易汲取岩石中的Zr、Hf,因此,这两个矿床中不同类型样品Zr、Hf含量的不同变化趋势,可能与居隆庵铀矿床的成矿流体富F、而沙洲铀矿床的成矿流体相对贫F有关。这两个铀矿床中矿石的稀土配分曲线与其各自的新鲜及蚀变围岩的稀土配分曲线形态相似但又存在差异,说明每个矿床的新鲜围岩、蚀变围岩和矿石之间的稀土元素既具有继承性、又受到不同性质的流体的影响。居隆庵铀矿床中矿石显示Eu负异常,可能主要是继承了围岩的Eu负异常;沙洲铀矿床中矿石Eu显示弱负异常至弱正异常的特征,可能与围岩中斜长石因热液蚀变作用而释放出的Eu的进入流体有关。基于新鲜围岩、蚀变围岩及矿石的U和REE研究,推断居隆庵铀矿床成矿流体中U和REE均以F的络合物形式迁移;但沙洲铀矿床中铀矿石品位较低,可能是与流体中相对贫F有关。     

江西相山邹家山、沙洲矿床蚀变特征对比及其对成矿热液来源的启示

结合矿床的蚀变特征,对相山铀矿田邹家山矿床和沙洲矿床不同标高的赋矿围岩及矿石样品进行了常量和微量元素地球化学分析,以制约成矿物质和成矿流体的来源.典型常量元素的变化趋势研究表明,相山矿田垂向蚀变分带明显,邹家山矿床浅部出露的蚀变岩以"碱性"蚀变为主,而沙洲矿床出露的蚀变岩以"酸性"蚀变为主,证实了相山地区蚀变"北碱西酸...     

江西相山铀矿田铀矿物稀土元素特征及富集机制探讨

铀矿物是铀矿床勘探与选冶的重要研究对象。相山铀矿田是我国最大的火山岩型铀-多金属矿田,主要发育有早期碱交代和晚期酸交代两期铀矿化,但目前对这两期铀矿化中铀矿物的地球化学特征尚缺乏系统的对比研究。文章运用电子探针和激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱对相山铀矿田两期铀矿化矿石中铀矿物稀土元素特征进行研究。结果显示,相山铀矿田碱交代和酸交代型铀矿化矿石中铀矿物类型均包含钛铀矿、铀石和沥青铀矿,碱交代型铀矿化矿石中铀矿物以钛铀矿、铀石为主,酸交代型铀矿化矿石中铀矿物以沥青铀矿为主。碱交代型铀矿化矿石中铀矿物稀土元素配分模式为右倾型,富集La、Ce和Nd等元素;酸交代型铀矿化矿石中铀矿物稀土元素配分模式为左倾型,富集Yb、Er和Dy等元素。酸交代型铀矿化矿石中沥青铀矿相对富集重稀土元素,与国内外其他类型的铀矿床相比其成矿过程有明显特殊性,这可能与成矿流体富F-有关;深部沥青铀矿较浅部富集重稀土元素的原因可能是深部沥青铀矿结晶温度高于浅部;相对于铀石和钛铀矿等铀矿物,重稀土富集对沥青铀矿有倾向性可能是因为沥青铀矿形成的过程与CO₃^2-和Cl-关系密切。     

金顶超大型铅锌矿床REE地球化学研究

对矿石、蚀变围岩和热水沉积岩REE的研究表明,金顶矿床成矿流体的REE分布特征为LREE高度富集型,具有不明显的Eu异常和清楚的负Ce异常。结合同位素及其他微量元素资料,提出其成矿物质主要来源于富CO_2的地幔流体,REE和部分金属可能是以碳酸配合物的形式搬运的,成矿溶液为(弱)碱性。     

相山富集HREE铀矿石与围岩的稀土特征对比

江西相山火山盆地为一个塌陷式盆地,盆地内发育多个火山岩型铀矿床。课题组前期工作发现相山铀矿田中的富矿石伴生稀土资源,且为珍贵的HREE富集,在背景围岩和近矿蚀变围岩中稀土富集不明显（王倩等,2015;胡宝群等,2015）。富铀矿石中稀土元素与围岩中的稀土元素表现出明显的差异性,为进一步探明稀土元素在铀成矿过程中的地球化学行为,对矿石中的单矿物分析测试,进一步探明相山铀矿中稀土元素的富集规律及机理;同时为在铀矿选冶中,对铀矿中的稀土伴生资源加以利用回收提供相关参数,提高矿产资源的利用率,减少环境污染。     

下庄矿田黄沙坑地区铀矿找矿潜力分析

通过对黄沙坑地区含矿岩性、控矿构造以及物化探等资料综合分析,结合近年来的钻探成果,表明黄沙坑地区铀矿化受黄陂断裂带、其上下盘次级构造带和蚀变碎裂花岗岩的联合控制;认为区内岩浆活动具有多期次、多阶段的特征,从富铀热液活动、含矿构造的规模和围岩蚀变程度等特征分析,黄沙坑地区具备了铀成矿有利的地质条件,是下庄矿田进一步开展铀矿找矿的重要靶区之一。     

桃山矿田铀矿化围岩蚀变研究

桃山铀矿田为我国著名的花岗岩型铀矿田,通过对桃山矿田不同类型铀矿化的围岩蚀变在不同地段和不同标高进行系统采集岩矿样品,磨制薄片、光片,进行认真观察、研究,并结合宏观地质观察和研究,旨在查明桃山矿田与铀矿化有关的围岩蚀变类型、范围、组合、期次、发育程度及其空间分布规律,以新的视角重新审视桃山矿田围岩蚀变与铀矿化的关系,树立找大矿、找富矿观念,挖掘与铀成矿有关的围岩蚀变找矿信息,进而为进一步找出铀矿富集规律、缩小普查勘探的范围、提高找矿效率提供依据。通过研究,对岩石围岩蚀变以及近矿围岩蚀变水平分带、垂直分带性等空间分布规律进行了分析和探讨,对该矿田铀矿化有关的围岩蚀变类型、范围、组合、发育程度进行了较详细的研究。最后阐述了围岩蚀变与铀矿化的关系,并认为红化(赤铁矿化)应早于铀成矿期,为铀成矿提供了较好的环境,富矿主要与萤石化、硫化物化、硅化、绿泥石化、水云母化、碳酸盐化等密切相关,且近矿围岩蚀变种类越多、强度越强,则铀矿化越富。     

桂北向阳坪铀矿床矿石矿物LA-ICP-MS原位稀土元素地球化学特征及其对成矿流体的制约

向阳坪铀矿床是桂北苗儿山地区最具代表性的花岗岩型铀矿床,对该矿床矿石矿物REE开展了微区原位研究并结合前人研究成果进行了综合分析,表明铀黑∑REE介于689.12×10~(-6)～869.31×10~(-6)之间,LREE相对富集,HREE相对亏损具强Eu负异常及Ce正异常,TE_(1,3)值介于1.26～1.33之间,具典型M型四分组效应;沥青铀矿∑REE介于569.73×10~(-6)～3 373.83×10~(-6)之间表现出两种特征:①LREE富集,HREE亏损,轻重稀土元素分馏程度较大具强Eu负异常和弱Ce正异常,配分曲线呈右倾型;②轻重稀土元素分馏程度较小,Eu负异常明显弱Ce负异常,配分曲线呈海鸥型。围岩稀土元素配分模式相似,Y/Ho值范围狭窄,指示具有相同物源;矿石矿物稀土元素与围岩存在较大差异,亲缘性不明显。成矿作用伴随围岩发生蚀变及围岩高铀背景;成矿流体具多阶段、富U-Y-REE特征,铀主要来自深部热液,围岩贡献不显著;矿床定位受构造-岩体联合控制,矿体规模、形态受构造规模、产状控制。     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

Inter-regional correlation of transgressions and regressions in the Cretaceous period

Well investigated platforms have been selected in each continent, and the history of Cretaceous transgressions and regressions there is concisely reviewed from the available evidence. The factual records have been summarized into a diagram and the timing of the events correlated between distant as well as adjoining areas.On a global scale, major transgressions were stepwise enlarged in space and time from the Neocomian, via Aptian-Albian, to the Late Cretaceous, and the post-Cretaceous regression was very remarkable. Minor cycles of transgression-regression were not always synchronous between different areas. Some of them were, however, nearly synchronous between the areas facing the same ocean.Tectono-eustasy may have been the main cause of the phenomena of transgression-regression, but certain kinds of other tectonic movements which affected even the so-called stable platforms were also responsible for the phenomena. The combined effects of various causes may have been unusual in the Cretaceous, since it was a period of global tectonic activity. The slowing down of this activity followed by readjustments may have been the cause of the global regression at the end of the Cretaceous.     

The lamprophyres of Afyon stratovolcano,western Anatolia,Turkey: description and genesis

The Afyon stratovolcano exhibits lamprophyric rocks, emplaced as hydrovolcanic products, aphanitic lava flows and dyke intrusions, during the final stages of volcanic activity. Most of the Afyon volcanics belong to the silica-saturated alkaline suite, as potassic trachyandesites and trachytes, while the products of the latest activity are lamproitic lamprophyres (jumillite, orendite, verite, fitztroyite) and alkaline lamprophyres (campto-sannaite, sannaite, hyalo-monchiquite, analcime–monchiquite). Afyon lamprophyres exhibit LILE and Zr enrichments, related to mantle metasomatism.     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20140751 Guo Xincheng(Geological Party,BGMRED of Xinjiang,Changji 831100,China);Zheng Yuzhuang Determination and Geological Significance of the Mesoarchean Craton in Western Kunlun Mountains,Xinjiang,China(Geological Review,ISSN0371-5736,CN11-1952/P,59(3),2013,p.401-412,8     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141058 Chen Ling(Key Laboratory of Mathematical Geology of Sichuan Province,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu610059,China);Guo Ke Study of Geochemical Ore-Forming Anomaly Identification Based on the Theory of Blind Source Separation(Geosci-     

SEISMIC GEOLOGY

正20141334 Chen Kun(Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing100081,China);Yu Yanxiang Shakemap of Peak Ground Acceleration with Bias Correction for the Lushan,Sichuan Earthquake on April20,2013(Seismology and Geology,ISSN0253-4967,CN11-2192/P,35(3),2013,p.627-633,2 illus.,1 table,9 refs.)Key words:great earthquakes,Sichuan Province     

HISTORICAL GEOLOGY & STRATIGRAPHY

正20141624 Cai Xiongfei(Key Laboratory of Geobiology and Environmental Geology,Ministry of Education,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Yang Jie A Restudy of the Upper Sinian Zhengmuguan and Tuerkeng Formations in the Helan Mountains(Journal of Stratigraphy,ISSN0253-4959CN32-1187/P,37(3),2013,p.377-386,5 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20142263Lü Shaojun(Geological Survey of Jiangxi Province,Nanchang 330030,China)Early-Middle Permian Biostratigraphical Characteristics in Qiangduo Area,Tibet(Resources SurveyEnvironment,ISSN1671-4814,CN32-1640/N,34(4),2013,p.221-227,2illus.,2tables,22refs.)Key words:biostratigraphy,Lower Permian,Middle Permian,Tibet     

MATHEMATICAL GEOLOGY

正20142560Hu Hongxia(Regional Geological and Mineral Resources Survey of Jilin Province,Changchun 130022,China);Dai Lixia Application of GIS Map Projection Transformation in Geological Work(Jilin Geology,ISSN1001-2427,CN22-1099/P,32(4),2013,p.160-163,4illus.,2refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20140692 Duo Tianhui(No.402 Geological Team,Exploration of Geology and Mineral Resources of Sichuan Authority,Chengdu611730,China);Wang Yongli Computer Simulation of Neptunium Existing Forms in the Groundwater(Computing Techniques for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,ISSN1001-1749,CN51-1242/P,35(3),