藏北安多地区花岗片麻岩锆石LA-ICP-MSU-Pb定年

安多花岗片麻岩出露于藏北安多县城以南约30km,构成聂荣微陆块上聂荣岩群的主体岩性。聂荣微陆块呈大透镜体夹持在藏北冈底斯-念青唐古拉板片与羌塘-三江复合板片之间的班公湖-怒江板块缝合带内。所采样品黑云母二长片麻岩锆石CL图像具明显的韵律环带,Th/U比值范围为0.63～1.04,平均为0.85,具有典型岩浆锆石的特征。获得片麻岩中锆石LA-ICP-MSU-Pb原位同位素年龄488.0Ma±4.2Ma。定年结果表明,安多花岗片麻岩原岩侵位于泛非期,证实聂荣微陆块受到晚泛非热运动的影响,为解决聂荣微陆块基底性质和构造演化问题提供了重要的年代学依据。     

青藏高原泛非—早古生代造山事件研究重大进展藏北安多地区花岗片麻岩锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年

安多花岗片麻岩出露于藏北安多县城以南约30km,构成聂荣微陆块上聂荣岩群的主体岩性。聂荣微陆块呈大透镜体夹持在藏北冈底斯-念青唐古拉板片与羌塘-三江复合板片之间的班公湖-怒江板块缝合带内。所采样品黑云母二长片麻岩锆石CL图像具明显的韵律环带,Th/U比值范围为0.63~1.04,平均为0.85,具有典型岩浆锆石的特征。获得片麻岩中锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb原位同位素年龄488.0Ma±4.2Ma。定年结果表明,安多花岗片麻岩原岩侵位于泛非期,证实聂荣微陆块受到晚泛非热运动的影响,为解决聂荣微陆块基底性质和构造演化问题提供了重要的年代学依据。     

西藏聂荣微陆块奥陶纪和侏罗纪岩浆事件的年龄证据

为了加深对班公湖-怒江缝合带构造演化过程的认识,选择聂荣微陆块内的花岗质片麻岩和花岗闪长质片麻岩中的锆石进行LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年,结果主要显示两组206Pb/238U的加权平均年龄:一组为453.7±2.5 Ma; 另一组为176.6±1.1 Ma和178.04±0.8 Ma.花岗质片麻岩中黑云母和花岗闪长质片麻岩中白云母的40Ar-39Ar定年结果显示,坪年龄分别为161.8±1.1 Ma和178.9±1.2 Ma.上述年龄结果表明,聂荣微陆块主要经历了晚奥陶世和早侏罗世两期岩浆事件,这两期岩浆事件分别与冈瓦纳大陆北缘早古生代的造山作用和班公湖-怒江洋壳的俯冲闭合存在密切的动力学关系.      

青藏高原安多高压麻粒岩同位素年代学研究

本文报道了聂荣微陆块中新发现的高压麻粒岩锆石U-Pb定年结果及其围岩花岗片麻岩中黑云母Ar-Ar同位素年代学结果.高压麻粒岩中的锆石可分为两类,第一类具有核-边显微结构,核部残留锆石具典型岩浆结晶锆石特征,锆石U-Pb年龄541±8Ma～ 834±11Ma;第二类锆石具典型的变质锆石成因的结构特征,锆石U-Pb谐和年龄为179.0±1.7Ma.花岗片麻岩中黑云母Ar-Ar坪年龄为166.7±1.1Ma.年代学资料显示麻粒岩与其围岩均具有泛非期的年龄信息,麻粒岩的原岩经历了晚元古代-早古生代造山作用,并于早-中侏罗世发生了峰期高压变质作用改造,该变质事件可能代表着聂荣微陆块与羌南板块的碰撞拼合.伴随着早-中侏罗世的岩浆作用,麻粒岩及其围岩迅速抬升,抬升的时间跨度在13Myr左右,于166.7Ma左右抬升至地壳浅层部位或近地表.     

藏北聂荣微陆块的构造亲缘性——来自LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄及Hf同位素的制约

聂荣微陆块位于安多与那曲之间,呈眼球状透镜体近东西向夹持于班公湖—怒江缝合带之中。聂荣微陆块主体由前寒武系结晶基底、古生代地层及中生代花岗岩岩基组成。为了更好地认识聂荣微陆块新元古代的岩浆事件,并对其构造演化进行约束,分析了基底岩石片麻岩的地球化学特征、LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄及锆石原位Hf同位素。3件片麻岩样品的野外产状、矿物组成、结构特征及全岩地球化学特征均表明片麻岩原岩为中酸性侵入岩;样品锆石微量元素示踪、成因分析研究表明,锆石具有岩浆锆石的典型特征;锆石U-Pb年龄在820~843Ma之间,代表了片麻岩原岩的时代。片麻岩的锆石饱和温度估算结果显示,岩体岩浆源区的初始温度为794~856℃。锆石εHf(t)值变化范围较小,介于-0.8~0.5之间,平均值为0.3;二阶段模式年龄TDM2为1.58~1.96Ga。结合区域资料,安多片麻岩原岩形成的大地构造背景与裂解拉张的环境密切相关,初步认为微陆块上发育的新元古代岩浆事件是罗迪尼亚大陆全球裂解事件的产物,并可能与扬子板块边缘的裂解事件相关。     

藏北聂荣微陆块的构造亲缘性--来自LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄及Hf同位素的制约

聂荣微陆块位于安多与那曲之间,呈眼球状透镜体近东西向夹持于班公湖-怒江缝合带之中。聂荣微陆块主体由前寒武系结晶基底、古生代地层及中生代花岗岩岩基组成。为了更好地认识聂荣微陆块新元古代的岩浆事件,并对其构造演化进行约束,分析了基底岩石片麻岩的地球化学特征、LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄及锆石原位Hf同位素。3件片麻岩样品的野外产状、矿物组成、结构特征及全岩地球化学特征均表明片麻岩原岩为中酸性侵入岩;样品锆石微量元素示踪、成因分析研究表明,锆石具有岩浆锆石的典型特征;锆石U-Pb年龄在820~843Ma之间,代表了片麻岩原岩的时代。片麻岩的锆石饱和温度估算结果显示,岩体岩浆源区的初始温度为794~856℃。锆石εHf（t）值变化范围较小,介于-0.8~0.5之间,平均值为0.3;二阶段模式年龄TDM2为1.58~1.96Ga。结合区域资料,安多片麻岩原岩形成的大地构造背景与裂解拉张的环境密切相关,初步认为微陆块上发育的新元古代岩浆事件是罗迪尼亚大陆全球裂解事件的产物,并可能与扬子板块边缘的裂解事件相关。     

西藏聂荣微陆块变质基底新元古代—侏罗纪构造–岩浆事件：来自LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年的启示

本文选择聂荣微陆块变质基底中正片麻岩进行了详细的年代学研究，通过LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年获得的年龄结果分别为502.8±1.2 Ma、 532.7±3.4 Ma、 833.2±2.8 Ma、 734.8±3.3 Ma、 495.3±1.7 Ma、 496.6±2.0 Ma、 495.1±1.2 Ma、803.8±2.8 Ma、811.7±2.8 Ma。综合上述片麻岩锆石U-Pb测年数据结果发现，聂荣微陆块变质基底中正片麻岩的锆石U-Pb年龄大致可以分为三组：830～730 Ma、580～470 Ma、185～160 Ma，说明聂荣微陆块变质基底从新元古代—侏罗纪经历了三期构造–岩浆事件，这三期构造事件分别发生于新元古代早期、新元古代晚期—早古生代、早—中侏罗世。综合前人研究结果，认为聂荣微陆块存在新元古代的基底，并经历了罗迪尼亚超大陆的裂解，于新元古代晚期—早古生代时期发生了泛非—早古生代构造事件，到了侏罗纪，受班公湖–怒江洋壳俯冲和大洋关闭的影响，变质基底发生了早—中侏罗世的岩浆作用和变质作用。     

关于额尔古纳地块基底性质和东界的讨论

中国东北地区是解决东亚大陆构造演化的关键地区,备受众多学者关注。近年来,关于额尔古纳地块基底性质和东界问题一直存在争议。本文对太平林场花岗片麻岩进行了锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb测年,锆石年龄主要集中在840～830 Ma、800～780 Ma和730～720 Ma的3个时间段内,可能为新元古代时期的3期岩浆热事件时间。其中21个锆石测点 ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U 年龄的加权平均值为779±20 Ma(MSWD=8.3),表明原岩在新元古代就已侵位结晶; 1个锆石测点U-Pb同位素年龄为494±10 Ma,Th/U比值为0.06,暗示了锆石应为变质成因,可能为花岗片麻岩的变质年龄。结合前人已报道额尔古纳地块和兴安地块上花岗质岩石年龄数据,对比发现仅额尔古纳地块经历了新元古代岩浆热事件作用; 同时对比两地块上花岗岩Hf同位素特征发现,二者具有不同的地壳早期演化阶段。因此,在早古生代早期二者应该沿塔河-喜桂图缝合带拼合并共同经历了古生代以来的岩浆作用改造,而不是传统观点认为的德尔布干断裂作为两地块的边界。     

吕梁地区古元古代花岗片麻岩成因及变质时代:锆石和独居石U-Pb年龄及锆石Hf同位素证据

吕梁地区在华北克拉通前寒武纪研究中具有重要位置，出露大量的古元古代变质表壳岩和花岗质岩石，对研究华北克拉通古元古代地质演化历史具有重要意义。本次研究选择吕梁地区白家滩花岗片麻岩进行锆石和独居石U-Pb年代学以及锆石Hf同位素研究，2个花岗片麻岩的岩浆锆石U-Pb年龄分别为2182±16Ma和2185±24Ma，代表了其侵位时代。独居石U-Pb年龄分别为1898±7Ma和1899±14Ma，明显比锆石增生边的谐和²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb年龄（2180~2032Ma）年轻，说明独居石对后期变质作用的响应程度比锆石强，其U-Pb年龄更能反映白家滩花岗片麻岩经历了~1900Ma的退变质作用，与华北克拉通中部造山带的变质作用时间一致。花岗片麻岩的锆石Hf同位素亏损地幔模式年龄（t_DM）为2473~2598Ma，两阶段亏损地幔模式年龄（t_DM^C）分别为2646~2839Ma，ε_Hf（t）值分布于-1.3~+1.8之间，未显示同期幔源物质的加入，而是新太古代地壳物质部分熔融的产物，结合已有的古元古代中期（2.2~2.1Ga）的岩浆岩锆石Hf同位素数据，华北克拉通新太古代地壳在2.2~2.1Ga期间发生了广泛的重熔作用，这期岩浆活动在华北克拉通吕梁、中条、五台以及胶-辽-吉等地区广泛发育，可能形成于陆内裂谷环境。     

中天山巴仑台地区变形花岗岩类LA-ICP-MS-U-Pb年代学及其构造意义

本文对巴仑台地区中天山南北边缘的变形花岗岩体进行了详细的锆石LA-ICP-MS-U-Pb年代学研究。中天山北缘花岗质片麻岩中岩浆锆石结晶年龄为630.0±5.0 Ma,代表了中天山微陆基底的新元古代岩浆事件年龄;其变质增生锆石边的年龄为440.9±3.3 Ma,精确限定了中天山北缘洋盆闭合与碰撞造山作用的时代为早志留世。中天山南缘糜棱岩化花岗闪长岩中岩浆锆石结晶年龄为389.5±3.2 Ma,指示出中天山南缘洋壳在中泥盆世向北俯冲形成陆缘岩浆弧;其变质增生锆石边的年龄为362.1±4.3 Ma,精确限定了中天山南缘洋盆闭合与碰撞造山作用的时代为晚泥盆世末期。研究结果还表明中天山微陆块具有年龄为2.5Ga和1.8Ga的古老结晶基底。     

藏东类乌齐地区花岗质片麻岩锆石Cameca U-Pb定年及其地质意义

西藏东部类乌齐一带吉塘岩群中新识别出一套花岗质片麻岩。花岗质片麻岩中锆石Th/U比值较高(Th/U0.49),阴极发光图像显示锆石内部韵律环带明显,具典型岩浆锆石成因的特征。Cameca锆石U-Pb同位素加权平均年龄为282.1Ma±0.9Ma,表明花岗岩岩体形成于早二叠世,暗示澜沧江结合带在早二叠世存在岩浆增生事件。     

SHRIMP Dating and Recrystallization of Metamorphic Zircons from a Granitic Gneiss in the Sulu UHP Terrane

An unusual zircon SHRIMP dating result of a granitic gneiss from the Qinglongshan eclogite-gneiss roadcut section is presented in this paper. The very peculiar and complicated internal structures, as well as the very low Th/U ratios (0.01-0.08) of the zircons indicate that they were formed by metamorphic recrystallization. Strongly in contrast with previously published zircon U-Pb ages of the Dabie-Sulu UHP metamorphic rocks where protolith ages of 600-800 Ma are commonly recorded, only metamorphic age of 218±5 Ma, defined by 18 analytical spots either in rim or in core of zircons, are recorded in this granitic gneiss. This age represents the time of the complete metamorphic recrystallization overprint on primary magmatic zircons. The recrystallization was derived by the UHP metamorphism, and was strengthened by the early stage of retrograde metamorphic fluid activity.     

柴北缘大陆深俯冲板片折返过程中的深熔作用研究

柴北缘锡铁山地区长英质（花岗）片麻岩普遍经历了不同程度的部分熔融作用,常见新生的花岗质浅色体呈层状、脉状或网络状分布于长英质片麻岩中,并显示出混合岩化的特征。岩相学观察结果显示长英质片麻岩保留了关键的深熔作用显微结构证据:（1）石榴石内部发育有钾长石、石英和斜长石组成的矿物包裹体;（2）长石颗粒边界出现由石英+钾长石±斜长石±白云母组成的楔形矿物集合体;（3）云母颗粒边界发育尖锐的、不规则的微斜长石,而且云母边界溶蚀明显,形成锯齿状不规则的边界;（4）石英、斜长石或钾长石颗粒边界发育圆珠状（stringofbeads）结构,而且颗粒边界或三联点中尖锐状微斜长石与周围矿物的形成较小的二面角。阴极发光图像和锆石U-Pb定年结果表明花岗质浅色体中的锆石具有明显的核、幔、边三层结构,而且具有明显不同的年龄结果。发光较强的继承性锆石岩浆核部的²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U年龄约为~910Ma,而且具有高的Th/U比值;弱发光的变质锆石幔的²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U年龄结果约为~450Ma。新生的锆石增生边中等程度发光,并发育震荡环带和较低的Th/U比值,与世界典型地区混合岩中深熔锆石的特征十分相似,其²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U年龄结果为432±3Ma。野外关系、显微结构特征和年代学的研究结果显示柴北缘锡铁山地区花岗质浅色体可能是其寄主岩石长英质片麻岩在折返到高压麻粒岩相条件下深熔作用的产物,而且白云母的脱水熔融是引发岩石发生深熔作用的主要机制。柴北缘地区已有的资料综合研究表明,大陆深俯冲板片在俯冲/碰撞和折返过程中可能经历了多重深熔作用。     

贺兰山孔兹岩系的变质时代及其对华北克拉通西部陆块演化的制约

贺兰山孔兹岩系作为华北克拉通西部孔兹岩带的重要组成部分,其变质时代问题一直悬而未决.利用SHRIMP锆石U-Pb定年技术,对贺兰山孔兹岩系中3个代表性富铝片麻岩(石榴堇青钾长片麻岩、石榴堇青二长片麻岩与石榴黑云斜长片麻岩)样品进行了精确定年.发现这3种岩石虽处不同层位,但其碎屑锆石年龄却非常集中,各测点207Pb/206Pb年龄总体变化在2.0～2.1Ga之间,加权平均年龄则在2017～2040Ma之间.这些碎屑锆石都具有岩浆结构特征,反映当时曾存在大规模花岗质岩浆活动,所成岩体为孔兹岩系沉积提供了充足物源.另有少量大于2.5Ga的碎屑锆石(2520～2949Ma),表明本区存在太古代岩浆活动记录.本区石榴堇青二长片麻岩中发育典型的变质增生锆石,其成因很可能与黑云母的脱水熔融反应有关.利用该锆石确定贺兰山孔兹岩系的变质时代为1950±8Ma.该时代与东部大青山、乌拉山孔兹岩系变质时代相同,表明华北克拉通西部的阴山地块与鄂尔多斯地块大体是以平行的方式正面拼贴到一起的,形成了目前的孔兹岩带.     

Zircon Trace Element Constraints on U-Pb Dating: A Case Study of the Huayuangong A-type Granite in the Lower Yangtze Region,Eastern China

For magmatic rocks, it is often found that zircon 206 Pb/238 U and 207 Pb/235 U ratios continuously plot on the concordia line with a relatively large age span for the same sample, which gives rise to large dating errors or even unrealistic dating results. As the trace element concentrations of zircon can reflect its equilibrated magma characteristics, they can be used to determine whether all the analytical spots on the zircons selected to calculate the weighted mean age are cogenetic and formed in a single magma chamber. This work utilizes the results of zircon trace element concentrations and U-Pb isotopic analyses to explore the screening of reasonable U-Pb ages, which can be used to determine a more accurate intrusion crystallization age. The late Mesozoic Huayuangong granitic pluton complex, which is located in the Lower Yangtze region, eastern China, was selected for a case study. The Huayuangong pluton comprises the central intrusion and the marginal intrusion. Two samples from the marginal intrusion yielded consistent zircon weighted mean 206 Pb/238 U ages of 124.6 ± 2.0 Ma and 125.9 ± 1.6 Ma. These analytical spots also exhibit Zr/Hf and Th/U ratios concordant with the evolution of a single magma, from which the dated zircons crystallized. However, for the central intrusion, the analytical spots on zircons from two samples all show a continuous distribution on the concordia line with a relatively large age span. For each sample from the central intrusion, the zircon Zr/Hf ratios do not conform to a single magma evolutionary trend, but rather can be divided into two groups. We propose that zircon Zr/Hf ratios can provide a new constraint on U-Pb zircon dating and zircon Th/U ratios can also be used as a supplementary indicator to constrain zircon dating and determine the origins of the zircons and whether magma mixing has occurred. By screening zircon analytical spots using these two indicators, the two samples from the central intrusion of the Huayuangong pluton produce results of 122.8 ± 4.3 Ma and 122.9 ± 2.2 Ma, which are consistent with the field observations that the central intrusion is slightly younger than the marginal intrusion.     

吉林中部伊通地区放牛沟火山岩的形成时代及其地质意义

对伊通地区的放牛沟火山岩,以及后期侵入该火山岩的后庙岭花岗质侵入体进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学研究。3个样品中的锆石均呈自形-半自形晶,CL图像显示出明显的岩浆振荡生长环带,结合大多数锆石具有较高的Th/U比值(0.23~3.55),暗示了它们的岩浆成因。放牛沟火山岩由变玄武安山岩和变安山岩组成,其中变安山岩样品中锆石22个测点的~(206)Pb/~(238)U年龄加权平均值分为3组:420±4 Ma,402±3 Ma及280±1 Ma,其中280±1 Ma代表了安山岩的形成年龄;变玄武安山岩样品中锆石30个测点的~(206)Pb/~(238)U年龄加权平均值分为两组:401±1 Ma及279±1 Ma,后者代表了玄武安山岩的形成年龄;后庙岭花岗质侵入体中锆石18个测点的~(206)Pb/~(238)U年龄加权平均值为256±2 Ma。上述锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,放牛沟火山岩形成于早二叠世,而非前人认为的早古生代。对后庙岭侵入体的定年结果,进一步暗示放牛沟多金属硫铁矿床的成矿时代为二叠纪。     

大别山东部花岗片麻岩的锆石U-Pb年龄

花岗片麻岩是大别山区除超高压变质杂岩外的另一种重要岩石类型,本文测得南大别二长花岗片麻岩中单颗粒锆石U-Pb不一致线的上交点年龄为789±43 Ma.位于五河一水吼韧性剪切带南缘的糜棱岩化二长花岗片麻岩中锆石的²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb表面年龄接近一致年龄,为715～777 Ma,平均757 Ma,U-Pb不一致线的上交点年龄为815±70 Ma,下交点年龄为482±167 Ma.北大别石英二长片麻岩中锆石²⁰⁷Pb/206表面年龄的变化范围较广,介于594～700 Ma,平均为649 Ma,U-Pb不一致线的上、下交点年龄分别为814±97 Ma和477±77 Ma.这说明这些正片麻岩的侵位时间范围大致为750～850 Ma的晚元古代;南、北大别正片麻岩中的锆石年代学显示它们可能具有相似的形成与演化历史;约480 Ma前后的加里东运动对大别山地区可能也有影响.     

A new understanding of Demala Group complex in Chayu Area,southeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau: Evidence from zircon U-Pb and mica 40Ar/39Ar dating

The Chayu area is located at the southeastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. This region was considered to be in the southeastward extension of the Lhasa Block, bounded by Nujiang suture zone in the north and Yarlung Zangbo suture zone in the south. The Demala Group complex, a set of high-grade metamorphic gneisses widely distributed in the Chayu area, is known as the Precambrian metamorphic basement of the Lhasa Block in the area. According to field-based investigations and microstructure analysis, the Demala Group complex is considered to mainly consist of banded biotite plagiogneisses, biotite quartzofeldspathic gneiss, granitic gneiss, amphibolite, mica schist, and quartz schist, with many leucogranite veins. The zircon U-Pb ages of two granitic gneiss samples are 205 ± 1 Ma and 218 ± 1 Ma, respectively, representing the ages of their protoliths. The zircons from two biotite plagiogneisses samples show core-rim structures. The U-Pb ages of the cores are mainly 644 –446 Ma, 1213 –865 Ma, and 1780 –1400 Ma, reflecting the age characteristics of clastic zircons during sedimentation of the original rocks. The U-Pb ages of the rims are from 203 ± 2 Ma to 190 ± 1 Ma, which represent the age of metamorphism. The zircon U-Pb ages of one sample taken from the leucogranite veins that cut through granitic gneiss foliation range from 24 Ma to 22 Ma, interpreted as the age of the anatexis in the Demala Group complex. Biotite and muscovite separates were selected from the granitic gneiss, banded gneiss, and leucogranite veins for ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar dating. The plateau ages of three muscovite samples are 16.56 ± 0.21 Ma, 16.90 ± 0.21 Ma, and 23.40 ± 0.31 Ma, and the plateau ages of four biotite samples are 16.70 ± 0.24 Ma, 16.14 ± 0.19 Ma, 15.88 ± 0.20 Ma, and 14.39 ± 0.20 Ma. The mica Ar-Ar ages can reveal the exhumation and cooling history of the Demala Group complex. Combined with the previous research results of the Demala Group complex, the authors refer that the Demala Group complex should be a set of metamorphic complex. The complex includes not only Precambrian basement metamorphic rock series, but also Paleozoic sedimentary rock and Mesozoic granitic rock. Based on the deformation characteristics, the authors concluded that two stages of the metamorphism and deformation can be revealed in the Demala Group complex since the Mesozoic, namely Late Triassic-Early Jurassic (203 –190 Ma) and Oligocene –Miocene (24 –14 Ma). The early stage of metamorphism (ranging from 203 –190 Ma) was related to the Late Triassic tectono-magmatism in the area. The anatexis and uplifting-exhumation of the later stage (24 –14 Ma) were related to the shearing of the Jiali strike-slip fault zone. The Miocene structures are response to the large-scale southeastward escape of crustal materials and block rotation in Southeast Tibet after India-Eurasia collision.©2021 China Geology Editorial Office.