中国石英脉型金矿床地质特征

石英脉型金矿床是指含金地质体为（含钾长石）石英脉的一类金矿床,是中国金矿床工业类型中的重要类型矿床.综合论述了石英脉型金矿床的含金地质体及矿体的空间展布特征、矿石矿物组合特征、矿石微量元素组合特征及围岩蚀变特征,形成地质环境及成因,总结了该类金矿床矿石中金的赋存状态、赋存特点及矿石的选冶条件和流程.     

中国石英脉型金矿床地质特征

石英脉型金矿床是指含金地质体为（含钾长石）石英脉的一类金矿床,是中国金矿床工业类型中的重要类型矿床。综合论述了石英脉型金矿床的含金地质体及矿体的空间展布特征、矿石矿物组合特征、矿石微量元素组合特征及围岩蚀变特征,形成地质环境及成因总结了该类金矿床矿石中金的赋存状态、赋存特点及矿石的选冶条件和流程。     

侯马市成家山金矿矿体地质特征及找矿标志

通过对成家山金矿矿体地质特征的分析研究,主要目的是总结找矿标志,指导今后找矿。成家山金矿成因类型属岩浆热液金矿床亚类接触交代-热液金矿床,工业类型为含金石英脉型。金矿体的产出严格受次级断裂构造的控制,含矿岩石为碳酸盐化石英脉和构造角砾岩。其找矿标志为构造（次级断裂）标志、岩性（构造角砾岩、碳酸盐化石英脉）标志。     

内蒙古图古日格金矿床地质特征与主要控矿因素

<正>图古日格金矿床产于宝音图隆起的似斑状花岗岩和蚀变闪长岩中的一个大型金矿床,现已探明黄金储量超过22 t,品位一般在2.92×10~(-6)~6.19×10-6,矿床工业类型为石英脉型、含石英细脉蚀变岩型金矿床。本文通过探讨该矿床的主要地质特征和控矿因素,为宝音图隆起区域上同类型的金矿勘查提供参考。     

湖南白马山-龙山东西向构造带金锑矿找矿前景分析

将白马山－龙山东西向构造带金（锑）矿床划分为微细粒浸染型金属床、破碎带蚀变岩型金锑矿床、石英脉型金矿床等三种类型，描述了矿床的主要地质特征，总结了微细粒浸染型（高家坳式）金矿床、破碎带蚀变岩型（龙山式）金锑矿床和石英脉型（古台山式）金矿床的找矿标志。认为该构造带金锑矿找矿应依托穹窿构造来开展，并提出进一步找矿的方向。     

冀西北东坪金矿床的成矿期次及成矿阶段研究

冀西北东坪金矿床的成矿期次及成矿阶段研究莫测辉（华南农业大学资源环境学院，广州５１０６４２）王秀璋程景平梁华英（中国科学院广州地球化学研究所，广州５１０６４０）关键词金矿床石英脉型蚀变岩型成矿期次成矿阶段“石英脉型”与“蚀变岩型”是中温（中深）热液脉...     

祁连山西段党河南山北坡3个不同特征的金矿床研究

黑刺沟金矿床以富As和Sb的微细浸染蚀变岩型金矿化和部分石英脉型锑－金矿化为特征,典型矿物组合为黄铁矿-毒砂(辉锑矿)-石英;贾公台金矿床以少硫化物石英脉型金矿化和蚀变岩型金矿化为特征,As和Sb的质量分数不高,典型矿物组合为黄铁矿-自然金(方铅矿)-石英-钾长石;鸡叫沟金矿床以蚀变岩型金矿化为主,次之为石英脉型金矿化,典型矿物组合为黄铁矿-黄铜矿-石英.3个金矿床的成因均与岩浆岩有密切联系,但各矿区的岩浆岩在岩石学、岩石化学、微量元素及稀土元素特征具有差异,表明其成因不尽相同.这可能是造成3个金矿床地质特征差异的主要原因.     

鲁东金矿成矿规律及新的找矿方向

通过分析鲁东地区金矿成矿地质条件和区域地球物理场、区域地球化学场特征,并与典型金矿床地质特征进行类比,初步认为胶北隆起的破碎带蚀变岩型（焦家式）和石英脉型（玲珑式）金矿,以及近年来在胶莱盆地周缘找到的蓬家夼金矿床（产在盆缘控制性断裂带中）和发云夼金矿床（产在早白垩世莱阳群砾岩中）,是在早白垩世同一个区域构造应力场下形成的,属同源、同期成矿作用的产物,为同一成矿系列的金矿床组合。胶莱盆地周缘具有源、     

江西大背坞金矿床地球化学研究

江西大背坞金矿床地球化学研究刘建民王平安董法先陈柏林（中国地质科学院地质力学研究所，北京１０００８１）关键词地球化学金矿床大背坞江西１矿床地质特征及矿区地球化学场大背坞金矿床位于江西省浮梁县，属含金石英脉型高中温岩浆热液矿床。矿区地层为中元古代双桥山...     

胶东金矿床的储量分形分布及其地质意义

本文对胶东地区的石英脉型和蚀变岩型金矿床的储量分布进行了研究.结果表明,金矿床的储量服从多重分形分布,且具有普遍意义.金矿床的储量分形结构是成矿系统处于混沌边缘的一种表现形式.分维D值的地质意义与研究范围有关,就胶东金矿带而言,它可用于划分蚀变岩型和石英脉型矿床.     

中国金矿床主要工业类型及其分布特征

石英脉型、蚀变碎裂岩型及糜棱岩型目前仍然是我国金矿床的主要类型.金矿床的空间分布上具有丛聚性,在矿床类型及成矿时代方面,东、西部表现出明显差别.东间地区主要为石英脉型、蚀变碎裂岩型、冰长石一绢云母石英脉型、矽卡岩型、铁帽型及红土型等,成矿时代主要为燕山期,铁帽型及红土型主要形成于第四纪;西北部地区主要有蚀变碎裂岩型、冰长石一绢云母石英脉型和石英脉型等,成矿时代主要为海西期;西南部地区主要为微细浸染型、蚀变碎裂岩型、石英脉型及红土型等,成矿时代主要为印支一喜马拉雅期.砂砾层型在各矿化集中区均有不同程度分布,主要为现代地质作用的产物.     

GENERAL CHARACTER OF MULTISTAGES OF METALLOGENESIS FOR MICRO-MESOTHERMAL GOLD DEPOSITS:EXAMPLES FROM ZHANG-BALING TECTONIC BELT,ANHUI,CHINA

In Zhangbaling Tectonic Belt,two types of mineralization,auriferous quartz veins and alteration halos,can observed within many deposits.The pressure of metallogenesis of auriferous alteration halos is much higher than that of quartz vein,the temperatures of metallogeneses of these two types of orebodies are don't the same Geochemistry study indicates that both of them are micro-mesothermal deposits related to Yanshanian granites.The results of proton microprobe analysis of sulphides from the gold deposits in the area show that the "invisible" gold existed in sulphides is in the form of micro inclusions,and the concentration of "invisible" gold in sulphide minerals within quartz vein is poorer than that from alteration halos.Field observation shows that the structural modality of the fractures controlling the orebodies of auriferous quartz vein is different from that of the auriferous alteration zones.The fracture controlling the orebodies of auriferous alteration halos is compress-shear fracture,auriferous quartz vein is controlled by extensive fault.The alteration halos crosscut by auriferous quartz vein.The wallrocks of the former altered strongly and developed alteration zones well.The wallrocks of auriferous quartz vein altered slightly.The results of tectonogeochemical study shows that the concentration of associated metallogenesis elements and intensity of alteration are positively correlated with tectonic deformation strength for auriferous alteration halos.It indicates that it is probably a general character for micro-mesothermal gold deposits due to the multistages of metallogeneses took place.The tectonic environment is the most important fact determining the mechanism of fluid flow and precipitation of gold,and then the types of mineralization and modes of gold.     

韧性剪切带中含金石英脉的就位机制

本文以韧性剪切带中含金石英脉的地质特征分析为基础。重点讨论:a.绿片岩相—低角闪岩相环境中的韧性剪切带内,变形岩石的韧—脆性转变既受温度、压力条件控制,又受高压流体相的广泛介入影响。对于多阶段金矿化过程,流体相的存在对岩石力学性质的转变具有更重要的意义;b.Roberts(1987)论述的含矿Riedal裂隙系(D、P、R、R′和T、P′)中不同类型裂隙内含金石英脉的就位机制有很大的差异;c.Ramsay的破裂—愈合机制可以很好地解释沿R、R′、T和某些沿D、P就位的含金石英脉的形成;d.本文作者提出液压扩容破裂机制是沿D、P方向就位的某些含金石英脉的重要就位过程。     

贵州天柱铁坡金矿含金石英脉的特征及富集规律

本文论述含金石英脉特征、矿物组合及指示矿物产出状态,总结了含金石英脉矿化富集规律。     

Mineralogy of the Boroo Gold Deposit in the North Khentei Gold Belt,Central Northern Mongolia

Mineral assemblages and chemical compositions of ore minerals from the Boroo gold deposit in the North Khentei gold belt of Mongolia were studied to characterize the gold mineralization, and to clarify crystallization processes of the ore minerals. The gold deposit consists of low‐grade disseminated and stockwork ores in granite, metasedimentary rocks and diorite dikes. Moderate to high‐grade auriferous quartz vein ores are present in the above lithological units. The ore grades of the former range from about 1 to 3 g/t, and those of the latter from 5 to 10 g/t, or more than 10 g/t Au. The main sulfide minerals in the ores are pyrite and arsenopyrite, both of which are divisible into two different stages (pyrite‐I and pyrite‐II; arsenopyrite‐I and arsenopyrite‐II). Sphalerite, galena, chalcopyrite, and tetrahedrite are minor associated minerals, with trace amounts of bournonite, boulangerite, geerite, alloclasite, native gold, and electrum. The ore minerals in the both types of ores are variable in distribution, abundance and grain size. Four modes of gold occurrence are recognized: (i) “invisible” gold in pyrite and arsenopyrite in the disseminated and stockwork ores, and in auriferous quartz vein ores; (ii) microscopic native gold, 3 to 100 µm in diameter, that occurs as fine grains or as an interstitial phase in sulfides in the disseminated and stockwork ores, and in auriferous quartz vein ores; (iii) visible native gold, up to 1 cm in diameter, in the auriferous quartz vein ores; and (iv) electrum in the auriferous quartz vein ores. The gold mineralization of the disseminated and stockwork ores consists of four stages characterized by the mineral assemblages of: (i) pyrite‐I + arsenopyrite‐I; (ii) pyrite‐II + arsenopyrite‐II; (iii) sphalerite + galena + chalcopyrite + tetrahedrite + bournonite + boulangerite + alloclasite + native gold; and (iv) native gold. In the auriferous quartz vein ores, five mineralization stages are defined by the following mineral assemblages: (i) pyrite‐I; (ii) pyrite‐II + arsenopyrite; (iii) sphalerite + galena + chalcopyrite; (iv) Ag‐rich tetrahedrite‐tennantite + bournonite + geerite + native gold; and (v) electrum. The As–Au relations in pyrite‐II and arsenopyrite suggest that gold detected as invisible gold is mostly attributed to Au⁺¹ in those minerals. By applying the arsenopyrite geothermometer to arsenopyrite‐II in the disseminated and stockwork ores, crystallization temperature and logfs₂ are estimated to be 365 to 300 °C and –7.5 to –10.1, respectively.     

Delineation of potentially auriferous quartz reefs by analysis of the bark of Pinus radiata (Monterey pine)

Rocks and bark samples of Pinus radiata from Union Hill, Waihi, New Zealand were analyzed for 19 elements to establish whether the elemental content of bark could be used to delineate subterranean auriferous quartz reefs and veins. Three elemental concentrations in bark (chromium, nickel and sodium) show sufficiently great differences (P < 0.05) between populations growing on or off the reefs (i.e. on quartz reefs or on andesites), to be diagnostic of subterranean potentially auriferous quartz. Gold in the bark not diagnostic although it was correlated with arsenic and iron. It is concluded that the technique should be applicable elsewhere in New Zealand or overseas where P. radiata is to be found growing over potentially auriferous ground.     

石湖金矿区中石英的找矿信息研究

石英与金矿床关系十分密切,石英中含有众多的信息.通过对它的研究,可提取出许多找金矿的信息或标志.石英热发光曲线反映金的矿化强度,矿体中的石英热发光曲线呈双蜂或多峰;而矿化带中则呈包含多种隐伏峰的单蜂曲线.与成矿有关的石英红外吸光度D_2、D_2/D_1可定性地评价其含金性.含金石英中的Al_2O_3、K_2O、Na_2O、H_3O~(+)的含量随着矿体埋藏深度的增大而增加,可用其判别矿体的埋藏深度.     

裂变径迹法在金矿研究中的应用

用裂变径迹法对湖南平江、浏阳一带含金石英脉人工重砂中的石英进行了年龄测定，以石英的化学蚀刻技术进行了改进，选用６５％ＮａＯＨ蚀刻剂效果较好，石英裂变径迹年龄为１００－１６０Ｍａ，同时还分析了新疆某含金石英脉的铀含量及铀的显微分布。     

Genesis of the Bangbu Orogenic Gold Deposit,Tibet: Evidence from Fluid Inclusion,Stable Isotopes,and Ar-Ar Geochronology

The Bangbu gold deposit is a large orogenic gold deposit in Tibet formed during the AlpineHimalayan collision. Ore bodies(auriferous quartz veins) are controlled by the E-W-trending Qusong-Cuogu-Zhemulang brittle-ductile shear zone. Quartz veins at the deposit can be divided into three types: pre-metallogenic hook-like quartz veins, metallogenic auriferous quartz veins, and postmetallogenic N-S quartz veins. Four stages of mineralization in the auriferous quartz veins have been identified:(1) Stage S1 quartz+coarse-grained sulfides,(2) Stage S2 gold+fine-grained sulfides,(3) Stage S3 quartz+carbonates, and(4) Stage S4 quartz+ greigite. Fluid inclusions indicate the oreforming fluid was CO_2-N_2-CH_4 rich with homogenization temperatures of 170–261°C, salinities 4.34–7.45 wt% Na Cl equivalent. δ~(18)Ofluid(3.98‰–7.18‰) and low δDV-SMOW(-90‰ to-44‰) for auriferous quartz veins suggest ore-forming fluids were mainly metamorphic in origin, with some addition of organic matter. Quartz vein pyrite has δ~(34)SV-CDT values of 1.2‰–3.6‰(an average of 2.2‰), whereas pyrite from phyllite has δ~(34)SV-CDT 5.7‰–9.9‰(an average of 7.4‰). Quartz vein pyrites yield 206Pb/204 Pb ratios of 18.662–18.764, 207Pb/204 Pb 15.650–15.683, and ~(208)Pb/204 Pb 38.901–39.079. These isotopic data indicate Bangbu ore-forming materials were probably derived from the Langjiexue accretionary wedge. 40Ar/39 Ar ages for sericite from auriferous sulfide-quartz veins yield a plateau age of 49.52 ± 0.52 Ma, an isochron age of 50.3 ± 0.31 Ma, suggesting that auriferous veins were formed during the main collisional period of the Tibet-Himalayan orogen(~65–41 Ma).     

江西金山剪切带型金矿床两类矿石的地球化学特征—兼论两阶段成矿机制

金山剪切带型金矿床主要发育含金硅质糜棱岩和含金石英脉两类矿石，它们分别在矿化第一和第二阶段形成。含金硅质糜棱岩与围岩－双桥山群上亚群具有一致的稀土和微量元素分布特征及相近的元素比值，后者为矿床第一阶段矿化的形成提供了物质来源。含金石英脉中流体包裹体的化学和同位素组成特征表明，矿化第二阶段的成矿流体为源于大气降水的地下热水，引起自然金沉淀的因素主要是流体的相分离。