北秦岭官坡地区高压—超高压榴辉岩岩相学及变质作用研究

北秦岭官坡地区的榴辉岩及含柯石英榴辉岩产在帮岭岩群的北侧，主要由绿辉石和石榴石组成，部分石榴石和绿辉石中含柯石英包体。此外还含有退变质的多硅白云母、角闪石、黝帘石和纳长石等矿物，根据变质矿物之间的替代关系及共生组合规律，榴辉岩退变质作用可划分为四个阶段，各阶段代表性矿物组合依次为：柯石英＋绿辉石＋石榴石；石英＋绿辉石＋石榴石；多硅白云母＋绿辉石＋石榴石＋石英；角闪石＋斜长石＋白云母＋黑云母。这四个     

甘肃北山榴辉岩矿物特征及温压条件

甘肃北山榴辉岩中矿物组合形成于四个不同阶段：（１）以柯石英为代表的早期超高压阶段,（２）以绿辉石＋石榴石平衡共生组合为代表的主期高压阶段,（３）以单斜辉石＋角门石＋斜长石交生组合为代表的晚期较高压退变阶段,（４）以绿泥石＋绿帘石＋科长石为代表的后期叠加阶段。前三个阶段反映了相辉岩相变质作用的主要过程。后一阶段,反映了榴辉岩在地壳浅部层次绿片岩相环境下遭受轻微的叠加改造。     

阜平地区麻粒岩的P—T路径研究

阜平麻粒岩分布于阜平大柳树和坊时一带的原阜平超群下亚群索家庄组花岗质片麻碉中,以不同规模的透镜体,似层状体产出。麻粒岩主要由石榴石、单斜辉石、斜方辉石、角闪石和斜长石等矿物组成,含有少量的石英。根据岩石的矿物组合和结构特征可将其变质作用演化上个阶段;①石榴石中的角闪石、斜长石、单斜辉石等变质矿物包体代表峰前阶段;②粗粒平衡共生的角闪石、单斜辉石、石榴石、斜长石±紫苏辉石±石英等代表了峰期变质阶段;③ 石榴石变斑晶后生合品反应边中外侧细粒斜方辉石、斜长石和石英集合体代表了峰后变质阶段;④ 后生合晶反应边中内侧角闪石、斜长石等,代表了晚期退化变质阶段。这四个变质阶段演化的P－T条件依次为：峰前阶段636℃、0.824GPa．峰期阶段751℃～ 833℃、0.854～ 1.085GPa,峰后阶段670℃～ 740℃、 0.55～0.70GPa,退化变质阶段665℃、0.727GPa．构成了一条顺时针的P－T路径,反映了该变质区从早期褶皱增厚到晚期构造抬升的地质动力学过程。     

俄罗斯白海活动带Uzkaya Salma地区含绿纤石榴辉岩的岩石学特征及其变质演化

俄罗斯白海活动带Uzkaya Salma地区榴辉岩中发现的绿纤石形成于榴辉岩化早期亚绿片岩相阶段。该绿纤石多以包体形式存在于退变榴辉岩的变斑晶石榴石矿物中,并与榍石、金红石、单斜辉石、绿泥石、绿帘石、石英等矿物伴生,极少量单颗粒绿纤石包裹在基质单斜辉石(透辉石)矿物中,呈浑圆状。绿纤石成分上属于铝绿纤石和铁绿纤石,其中以铝绿纤石为主。在详细的岩相学研究基础上,通过相平衡计算,结合矿物温压计计算结果,发现含绿纤石榴辉岩共经历了4阶段的变质演化:Ⅰ早期进变质阶段,以石榴石中的绿纤石+绿泥石+绿帘石+石英等矿物包裹体为特征,依据实验岩石学研究的矿物组合绿纤石+绿泥石+石英和铁绿纤石+绿帘石稳定域,估算该变质阶段温压条件t=160~320℃,p=0.2~0.8 GPa;Ⅱ峰期榴辉岩相阶段,矿物组合为石榴石+Di-Pl后成合晶推测的绿辉石+金红石±角闪石+石英,石榴石核部镁等值线和绿辉石硬玉分子等值线限定其峰期温压条件为t=725~740℃,p=1.4~1.5 GPa;Ⅲ高压麻粒岩相退变质阶段,矿物组合为石榴石+透辉石+角闪石+斜长石+石英,石榴石-单斜辉石温度计和后成合晶中斜长石钙等值线限定该阶段的温压条件t=725~750℃,p=1.1~1.3 GPa;Ⅳ晚期角闪岩相退变质阶段,矿物组合角闪石+斜长石±黑云母+石英,相平衡计算和角闪石-斜长石温度计限定温压条件为t=670~700℃,p=0.7~0.9 GPa。综上,确定了俄罗斯白海活动带Uzkaya Salma地区含绿纤石榴辉岩具有顺时针的p-T演化轨迹,峰期对应的地温梯度为15℃/km,俯冲进变质阶段经历了绿纤石-绿帘石相变质,由峰期榴辉岩相到退变质高压麻粒岩相具近等温降压的特征。研究表明,板块的"冷"俯冲作用在地球演化早期太古宙时期就可能出现了。     

阜平地区麻粒岩的P－T路径研究

阜平麻粒岩分布于阜平大柳树和坊里一带的原阜平超群下亚群索家庄组花岗质片麻岩中，以不同规模的透镜体、似层状体产出、麻粒岩主要由石榴石、单斜辉石、斜方辉石、角闪石和斜长石等矿物组成，含有少量的石英。根据岩石的矿物组合和结构特征可将其变质作用演化分为四个阶段：①石榴石中的角门石、斜长石、单斜辉石等变质矿物包体代表峰前阶段；②粗粒平衡共生的角闪石、单斜辉石、石榴石、斜长石±紫苏辉石±石英等代表了峰期变质阶段；③石榴石变斑晶后生合晶反应边中外侧细粒斜方辉石、斜长石和石英集合体代表了峰后变质阶段；④后生合晶反应边中内侧角门石、斜长石等，代表了晚期退化变质阶段。这四个变质阶段演化的Ｐ－Ｔ条件依次为：峰前阶段６３６℃、０．８２４ＧＰａ，峰期阶段７５１～８３３℃、０．８５４～１．０８５ＧＰａ，峰后阶段６７０～７４０℃、０．５５～０．７０ＧＰａ，退化变质阶段６６５℃、０．７２７ＧＰａ，构成了一条顺时针的Ｐ－Ｔ路径，反映了该变质区从早期褶皱增厚到晚期构造抬升的地质动力学过程。     

豫南中温榴辉岩中角闪石的变质演化

在该区中温榴辉岩的各个演化阶段中，出现了不同成分的角闪石。石榴石环带及其核部的闪石等矿物包囊体记录了前榴辉阶段及其进变质演化的特征。在榴岩阶段晚期，蓝闪石稳定出现，其成分环带反映了压力降低的连续过程；角闪石－斜长石后成合晶为石榴石和绿辉石的退变质产物；退变质后期，钙质闪石大量出现。角闪石的矿物组合及其成分变化，反映了中温榴辉岩的顺时针变质演化过程。     

柴北缘鱼卡榴辉岩的pT演化历史

鱼卡榴辉岩位于柴北缘HP/UHP变质带的西段,榴辉岩呈透镜状或似层状分布在变质泥质岩、花岗质片麻岩及少量大理岩中,主要由石榴石和绿辉石组成,具有含量不等的多硅白云母、角闪石、黝帘石(斜黝帘石或绿帘石)、金红石和石英等。岩相学和矿物化学研究显示榴辉岩经历了3期与俯冲和折返作用有关的变质演化阶段:(1)前榴辉岩相进变质阶段,榴辉岩矿物组合为石榴石(核) 绿帘石 斜长石 角闪石,以包体的形式保存于具有生长环带的石榴石核部,形成的温压条件为p=1.06～1.11GPa,t=560～577℃;(2)榴辉岩相变质阶段,以绿辉石、多硅白云母等矿物围绕石榴石定向分布为特征,其矿物组合为石榴石(边) 绿辉石 多硅白云母±黝帘石,温压估算获得榴辉岩相的变质条件为p=2.35～2.52GPa,t=610～680℃;(3)后榴辉岩相变质阶段,矿物组合为石榴石 角闪石 斜长石,主要存在于围绕榴辉岩透镜体分布的退变榴辉岩(角闪石化榴辉岩)中,形成的温压条件为p=1.09±0.12GPa,t=635±44℃。研究结果显示榴辉岩的pT轨迹具有“发卡”型特点,表明鱼卡榴辉岩经历了快速俯冲和折返的演化历史。     

中国大陆科学钻探主孔0~2000 m榴辉岩的退变质过程

中国大陆科学钻探主孔位于大别-苏鲁这条典型的超高压变质带上，孔内0-2000m的岩心中，各种榴辉岩占到50％以上。榴辉岩大多经历了不同程度的退变质。依据榴辉岩中主要矿物绿辉石和石榴石的退变质程度，0-2000m榴辉岩的退变质过程可分为2个大阶段，4个亚阶段：第一大阶段(又分为轻微退变质、部分退变质)、第二大阶段(又分为退变质和强退变质)。总的退变质趋势是：石榴石逐渐被韭角闪石或黑云母 绿帘石替代；绿辉石逐渐被角闪石 钠长石后成合晶替代，硬玉(1d)含量逐渐减少，并部分转化为霓辉石。榴辉岩在退变质过程中所经历的温压条件为：峰期变质温度为697-831℃，压力3．0Gpa左右；部分退变质阶段温度为629-776℃，压力1．2-1．6Gpa；退变质阶段温度为550-650℃，压力O．5-0．7Gpa；强退变质阶段温度为300-400℃，压力0．30-0．35Gpa。综合岩石、矿物及形成温压条件等特征，推断榴辉岩的折返过程经历了两个大阶段：第一大阶段是近等温降压的快速折返(榴辉岩在此期间经历了第一大阶段的退变质)，第二大阶段是降温降压的缓慢抬升(榴辉岩继而经历了第二大阶段的退变质)。绿辉石的完全退变质，既是划分榴辉岩两大退变质阶段的标志，同时也是区分两大折返阶段的标志。     

滇西勐库退变质榴辉岩的P-T-t轨迹及地质意义

滇西双江县勐库地区的退变质榴辉岩经历了多期退变质作用的改造,早期的平衡共生矿物组合难觅踪迹。应用传统的石榴石-单斜辉石(GC)温度计、石榴石-单斜辉石-多硅白云母(GCP)压力计进行变质作用的PT条件估算存在许多不确定性。本文应用魏春景等(2009)依据MORB成分计算的PT视剖面图上多硅白云母、石榴石、绿辉石的成分随体系中PT条件的变化情况,估算了进变质的P=2.00~2.30GPa,T=420~460℃,相当于硬柱石蓝片岩相—硬柱石-蓝闪石榴辉岩相;峰期变质的P=3.35~4.46GPa,T=530~610℃,相当于硬柱石榴辉岩相;早期退变质的P=2.00~2.50GPa,T=470~540℃,相当于硬柱石-蓝闪石榴辉岩相;中期退变质的P=0.95~1.43GPa,T=700~750℃,相当于角闪石榴辉岩相-高压麻粒岩相。晚期退变质作用以出现大量的闪石类矿物为特征,可划分为3个阶段,并显示了持续的降温、降压过程。结合区域地壳演化进程,本文详细讨论了上述P-T-t轨迹的地质意义。     

柴北缘鱼卡河榴辉岩的变质演化——石榴石成分环带及矿物反应结构的证据

柴北缘鱼卡河榴辉岩的典型矿物组合为石榴石-绿辉石-多硅白云母-金红石。其中粗粒石榴石变斑晶普遍保存进变质生长环带,从核部到边部石榴石的化学成分、包体矿物的种类和粒度皆呈现出规律的分带性。岩相学和矿物化学研究进一步表明,该榴辉岩经历了前榴辉岩相、榴辉岩相及后榴辉岩相三个主要变质演化阶段。前榴辉岩相以石榴石核部成分及核部包体矿物组合石榴石(GrtⅠ) 角闪石(AmpⅠ) 斜长石(PⅡ) 石英(Qtz)为特征,P-T 估算结果为450～500℃和0.6～0.7GPa。榴辉岩相变质阶段又可细分为早期、峰期榴辉岩和退变角闪榴辉岩三个亚相。早期榴辉岩亚相以石榴石幔部成分和幔部包体矿物组合石榴石(GrtⅡA) 绿辉石(OmpⅡA) 多硅白云母(PheⅡA)±黝帘石(Zoi) 金红石(Ru)为代表,估算的温压条件为580～640℃和2.4～2.5GPa;峰期榴辉岩相以石榴石的边部(GrtⅡB)及基质中绿辉石(OmpⅡB)和多硅白云母(PheⅡB)的核部为代表,矿物组合为 GrtⅡB OmpⅡB PheⅡB Ru,估算的 P-T 条件为620～680℃和3.0～3.4GPa;退变角闪榴辉岩相以共生的石榴石的最边部(GrtⅡC)、基质绿辉石(OmpⅡC)和多硅白云母(PheⅡC)的边部及镁红闪石(AmpⅡ)组合为代表,矿物组合为 GrtⅡC OmpⅡC AmpⅡ PheⅡC,估算的 P-T 条件为700～720℃和2.3～2.4GPa。后榴辉岩阶段主要为麻粒岩-高角闪岩相,以绿辉石分解形成透辉石 钠长石冠状体以及进一步分解形成韭闪石 斜长石,铁红闪石分解形成浅闪石 斜长石为代表,P-T 估算结果为550～600℃和0.6～1GPa。温压估算结果表明,鱼卡河榴辉岩经历了升温升压—升温降压—降温降压的一个顺时针 P-T 演化轨迹,它记录了从俯冲-超高压变质-抬升的连续的演化过程。峰期变质条件为630～680℃和3.0～3.4GPa,已达超高压变质范畴。榴辉岩中进变质矿物组合和生长环带的保存说明榴辉岩的形成经历了相对快速的俯冲和折返的动力学过程。     

Five clinopyroxenes in the Hareidland eclogite,Western Norway

Five clinopyroxenes can be distinguished on petrographic and chemical grounds in the Hareidland eclogite. Of these, three are omphacites. It is suggested that all three were originally of the same composition and that their present chemical differences are due to differences in their immediate chemical environments during retrograde metamorphism of the eclogite. The other two clinopyroxenes are symplectitic, and chemically vary from sodic augite to jadeite-poor omphacite. They were formed by exsolution of a sodic component (sodic plagioclase) from a parental omphacite.Publication no. 49 in the Norwegian Geotraverse Project.     

柴达木盆地北缘鱼卡河含柯石英榴辉岩的确定及其意义

在柴达木盆地北缘鱼卡河边达肯大坂杂岩之花岗质片麻岩中发现典型的含柯石英榴辉岩。榴辉岩主要由石榴石、绿辉石和少量（多硅）白云母、柯石英和石英、角闪石、金红石等矿物组成。石榴石中铁铝、镁铝和钙铝榴石分子含量分别为５１％～５９％、２６％～３１％和１３％～１９％;绿辉石中硬玉分子含量为４５％～４８％;岩石中残留有ｂ０值极大的高压矿物多硅白云母（ｂ０＝９０７５×１０－１ｎｍ）;角闪石亦为高压类型的冻蓝闪石;最为重要的是确定了柯石英的存在。榴辉岩原始特征保存完好,仅遭受轻微的退变质作用和叠加变质作用。组成矿物可分为３个世代：（１）峰期矿物组合：石榴石＋绿辉石＋（多硅）白云母＋（柯）石英＋金红石;（２）退变交生组合：冻蓝闪石＋蠕虫状石英;（３）后期叠加变质矿物白云母。榴辉岩相变质作用发生在压力大于２８ＧＰａ的超高压至大约７３０℃、１７０ＧＰａ的高压环境,表明柴达木盆地北缘是一条重要的古板块汇聚边界。     

Ordovician eclogites from the Chinese Beishan: implications for the tectonic evolution of the southern Altaids

Numerous lenses of eclogite occur in a belt of augen orthogneisses in the Gubaoquan area in the southern Beishan orogen, an eastern extension of the Tianshan orogen. With detailed petrological data and phase relations, modelled in the system NCFMASHTO with thermocalc , a quantitative P–T path was estimated and defined a clockwise P–T path that showed a near isothermal decompression from eclogite facies (>15.5 kbar, 700–800 °C, omphacite + garnet) to high‐pressure granulite facies (12–14 kbar, 700–750 °C, clinopyroxene + sodic plagioclase symplectitic intergrowths around omphacite), low‐pressure granulite facies (8–9.5 kbar, ～700 °C, orthopyroxene + clinopyroxene + plagioclase symplectites and coronas surrounding garnet) and amphibolite facies (5–7 kbar, 600–700 °C, hornblende + plagioclase symplectites). The major and trace elements and Sm–Nd isotopic data suggest that most of the Beishan eclogite samples had a protolith of oceanic crust with geochemical characteristics of an enriched or normal mid‐ocean ridge basalt. The U–Pb dating of the Beishan eclogites indicates an Ordovician age of c. 467 Ma for the eclogite facies metamorphism. An ³⁹Ar/⁴⁰Ar age of c. 430 Ma for biotite from the augen gneiss corresponds to the time of retrograde metamorphism. The combined data from geological setting, bulk composition, clockwise P–T path and geochronology support a model in which the Beishan eclogites started as oceanic crust in the Palaeoasian Ocean, which was subducted to eclogite depths in the Ordovician and exhumed in the Silurian. The eclogite‐bearing gneiss belt marks the position of a high‐pressure Ordovician suture zone, and the calculated clockwise P–T path defines the progression from subduction to exhumation.     

山东大疃榴辉岩和石榴透辉石岩的成因

山东大疃迟家店和石榴二辉橄榄岩中榴辉岩与石榴透辉石岩呈过渡关系，前者位于中心，后者为边缘带，在边缘带的透辉石中出现不规则状和条纹状绿辉石，通过对两类岩石的岩石学，矿物学特征及岩石平衡温压条件的研究，并与国内外不同地区，不同产状同类岩石进行一对比后认为，二者的关系虽然基本符合常见蚀变规律，即中心的榴辉石中绿辉石蚀变成透辉石，从而形成石榴透辉石岩边缘带，但是根据榴辉岩，石榴透辉石岩的ＲＥＥ特征和岩石平     

Petrology of ultrahigh-pressure eclogites from the ZK703 drillhole in the Donghai, eastern China

The 558-m-deep ZK703 drillhole located near Donghai in the southern part of the Sulu ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic belt, eastern China, penetrates alternating layers of eclogites, gneisses, jadeite quartzites, garnet peridotites, phengite–quartz schists, and kyanite quartzites. The preservation of ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic minerals and their relics, together with the contact relationship and protolith types of the various rocks indicates that these are metamorphic supracrustal rocks and mafic-ultramafic rock assemblages that have experienced in-situ ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism. The eclogites can be divided into five types based on accessory minerals: rutile eclogite, phengite eclogite, kyanite–phengite eclogite, quartz eclogite, and common eclogite with rare minor minerals. Rutile eclogite forms a thick layer in the drillhole that contains sufficient rutile for potential mining. Two retrograde assemblages are observed in the eclogites: the first stage is characterized by the formation of sodic plagioclase+amphibole symplectite or symplectitic coronas after omphacite and garnet, plagioclase+biotite after garnet or phengite, and plagioclase coronas after kyanite; the second stage involved total replacement of omphacite and garnet by amphibole+albite+epidote+quartz. Peak metamorphic P–T conditions of the eclogites were around 32 to 40 kbar and 720°C to 880°C. The retrograde P–T path of the eclogites is characterized by rapidly decreasing pressure with slightly decreasing temperature. Micro-textures and compositional variations in symplectitic minerals suggest that the decompression breakdown of ultrahigh-pressure minerals is a domainal equilibrium reaction or disequilibrium reaction. The composition of the original minerals and the diffusion rate of elements involved in these reactions controlled the symplectitic mineral compositions.     

Partial melting due to breakdown of an epidote‐group mineral during exhumation of ultrahigh‐pressure eclogite: An example from the North‐East Greenland Caledonides

In the North‐East Greenland Caledonides, P–T conditions and textures are consistent with partial melting of ultrahigh‐pressure (UHP) eclogite during exhumation. The eclogite contains a peak assemblage of garnet, omphacite, kyanite, coesite, rutile, and clinozoisite; in addition, phengite is inferred to have been present at peak conditions. An isochemical phase equilibrium diagram, along with garnet isopleths, constrains peak P–T conditions to be subsolidus at 3.4 GPa and 940°C. Zr‐in‐rutile thermometry on inclusions in garnet yields values of ~820°C at 3.4 GPa. In the eclogite, plagioclase may exhibit cuspate textures against surrounding omphacite and has low dihedral angles in plagioclase–clinopyroxene–garnet aggregates, features that are consistent with former melt–solid–solid boundaries and crystallized melt pockets. Graphic intergrowths of plagioclase and amphibole are present in the matrix. Small euhedral neoblasts of garnet against plagioclase are interpreted as formed from a peritectic reaction during partial melting. Polymineralic inclusions of albite+K‐feldspar and clinopyroxene+quartz±kyanite±plagioclase in large anhedral garnet display plagioclase cusps pointing into the host, which are interpreted as crystallized melt pockets. These textures, along with the mineral composition, suggest partial melting of the eclogite by reactions involving phengite and, to a large extent, an epidote‐group mineral. Calculated and experimentally determined phase relations from the literature reveal that partial melting occurred on the exhumation path, at pressures below the coesite to quartz transition. A calculated P–T phase diagram for a former melt‐bearing domain shows that the formation of the peritectic garnet rim occurred at 1.4 GPa and 900°C, with an assemblage of clinopyroxene, amphibole, and plagioclase equilibrated at 1.3 GPa and 720°C. Isochemical phase equilibrium modelling of a symplectite of clinopyroxene, plagioclase, and amphibole after omphacite, combined with the mineral composition, yields a P–T range at 1.0–1. 6 GPa, 680–1,000°C. The assemblage of amphibole and plagioclase is estimated to reach equilibrium at 717–732°C, calculated by amphibole–plagioclase thermometry for the former melt‐bearing domain and symplectite respectively. The results of this study demonstrate that partial melt formed in the UHP eclogite through breakdown of an epidote‐group mineral with minor involvement of phengite during exhumation from peak pressure; melt was subsequently crystallized on the cooling path.     

Quartz and orthopyroxene exsolution lamellae in clinopyroxene and the metamorphic P–T path of Belomorian eclogites

The Shirokaya Salma eclogite‐bearing complex is located in the Archean–Palaeoproterozoic Belomorian Province (Russia). Its eclogites and eclogitic rocks show multiple clinopyroxene breakdown textures, characterized by quartz–amphibole, orthopyroxene and plagioclase lamellae. Representative samples, a fresh eclogite, two partly retrograded eclogites, and a strongly retrograded eclogitic rock, were collected for this study. Two distinct mineral assemblages—(1) omphacite+garnet+quartz+rutile±amphibole and (2) clinopyroxene+garnet+amphibole+plagioclase+quartz+rutile+ilmenite±orthopyroxene—are described. Based on phase equilibria modelling, these assemblages correspond to the eclogite and granulite facies metamorphism that occurred at 16–18 kbar, 750–800°C and 11–15 kbar, 820–850°C, respectively. The quartz–amphibole lamellae in clinopyroxene formed during retrogression with water ingress, but do not imply UHP metamorphism. The superfine orthopyroxene lamellae developed due to breakdown of an antecedent clinopyroxene (omphacite) during retrogression that was triggered by decompression from the peak of metamorphism, while the coarser orthopyroxene grains and rods formed afterwards. The P–T path reconstructed for the Shirokaya Salma eclogites is comparable to that of the adjacent 1.9 Ga Uzkaya Salma eclogite (Belomorian Province), and those of several other Palaeoproterozoic high‐grade metamorphic terranes worldwide, facts allowing us to debate the exact timing of eclogite facies metamorphism in the Belomorian Province.     

Raman Spectrum Study on Quartz Exsolution in Omphacite of Eclogite and Its Tectonic Significances

The studies on ultra-microstructue characteristics of quartz exsolution in eclogite and coesite in UHP eclogite of several localities are done with the appliance of laser Raman spectroscopy and Ustage. Research results show that the phase transformation of coesite-quartz in garnet and/or omphacite is a continuous process. Topological relationship is present between quartz exsolution in omphacite and its host mineral which shows orientations of two long axes of quartz exsolution parallel to (100) and (-101) of omphacite. At present, some scholars suggest that thequartz exsolution in omphacite of eclogite is the evidence of UHP metamorphism. However, temperature and pressure condition and the exsolution mechanism of oriented needlelike quartz in omphacite still remain undear. Tnerefore, further study should be enhanced on experimental research on exsolution mechanism of super-silicate clinopyroxene, which could provide experimental quantitative constraint on quartz exsolution as UHP indicator.     

Clockwise exhumation path of granulitized eclogites from the Ama Drime range (Eastern Himalayas)

The metamorphic evolution of a granulitized eclogite from the Phung Chu Valley (Eastern Himalaya) was reconstructed combining microstructural observations, conventional thermobarometry and quantitative pseudosection analysis. The granulitized eclogite consists of clinopyroxene, plagioclase, garnet, brown amphibole, and minor orthopyroxene, biotite, ilmenite and quartz. On the basis of microstructural observations and mineral relationships, four metamorphic stages and related mineral assemblages have been recognized: (i) M1 eclogite‐facies assemblage, consisting of garnet, omphacite (now replaced by a clinopyroxene + plagioclase symplectite) and phengite (replaced by biotite +plagioclase symplectite); (ii) M2 granulite‐facies assemblage, represented by clinopyroxene, orthopyroxene, garnet, plagioclase and accessory ilmenite; (iii) M3 plagioclase + orthopyroxene corona developed around garnet, and (iv) M4 brown amphibole + plagioclase assemblage in the rock matrix. Because of the nearly complete lack of eclogitic mineral relics, M1 conditions can be only loosely constrained at >1.5 GPa and >580 °C. In contrast, assemblage M2 tightly constrains the peak granulitic stage at 0.8–1.0 GPa and >750 °C. The second granulitic assemblage M3, represented by the plagioclase + orthopyroxene corona, formed at lower pressures (～0.4 GPa and ～750 °C). During the subsequent exhumation, the granulitized eclogite experienced significant cooling to nearly 700 °C, marked by the appearance of brown amphibole and plagioclase (M4) in the rock matrix. U‐Pb SHRIMP analyses on low‐U rims of zircon from an eclogite of the same locality suggest an age of 13–14 Ma for the M3 stage. The resulting decompressional clockwise P–T path of the Ama Drime eclogite is characterized by nearly isothermal decompression from >1.5 GPa to ～0.4 GPa, followed by nearly isobaric cooling from ～775 °C to ～710 °C. Modelling of phase equilibria by a calculated petrogenetic grid and conventional thermobarometry on a biotite‐garnet‐sillimanite metapelite hosted in the country rock granitic orthogneiss extends the inferred P–T trajectory down to ～630 °C and ～0.3 GPa.