堆载预压下砂沟地基渗流固结模拟与不均匀沉降分析

基于Terzaghi-Rendulic理论建立了分级堆载预压耳砂的地基渗流固结的数值模型，用有限单元法（FEM）计算瞬间堆载产生的超静孔隙水压力增量，用有限差分法（FDM）计算孔隙水的非稳定渗流过程，对非均质各向异性的有限深砂地基的超静孔隙水压力消攻和不均匀沉降进行了模拟分析，并就有关问题作了探讨。     

应用P—S曲线分析非线弹性地基上的欧拉——伯努利梁

在较大外荷载下,搁置在地基上的Bernoulli—Euler梁下部的土体会发生塑性变形。在使用有限差分法离散了文克勒地基梁（Winkler）的控制方程后,形成了线性代数方程组,然后调用计算机Fortran程序进行了求解。利用p-s曲线,通过迭代,使用有限差分法求解了考虑土体塑性的变基床系数的Winkler地基梁的位移。计算结果表明：通过p-s曲线和变基床系数的Winkler地基梁模型,可近似分析出地基在外荷载作用下是进入弹性阶段还是弹塑性阶段,并给出较为合适的地基沉降值。最后,讨论了算法的应用范围。     

地铁循环荷载作用下交叉隧道沉降分析

采用FLAC3D软件建立了交叉隧道的三维有限差分模型,以人工数定激励力模拟列车荷载,计算列车动荷载作用下土体的变形和应力。采用修正动偏应力长期沉降计算模型,结合分层总和法计算软土的沉降,预测交叉隧道的长期沉降规律。分析3种不同行车工况下地基长期沉降,工况1为一辆列车单独通过1#隧道,工况2为一辆列车单独通过2#隧道,工况3为两辆列车同时通过1#和2#隧道。对比不同的列车行驶速度、隧道衬砌刚度及厚度对隧道地基的长期影响。结果表明,由列车荷载引起的地基沉降主要集中在距隧道中心轴20 m范围内;在工况3下土体沉降大于工况1、2沉降之和;车速越快,沉降越小;衬砌刚度和厚度越小,沉降越大,且衬砌厚度对沉降的影响较大,衬砌刚度影响较小。     

CFG桩复合地基沉降影响因素分析

影响CFG桩(Cem ent F lyash G ravel P ile)复合地基的沉降变形因素较多。本文应用有限差分(FLAC3D)程序,对褥垫层、荷载、桩长、桩土模量比,置换率、桩周土和桩端土模量比以及桩群等影响沉降的因素进行了系统的分析,分析了这些因素与沉降的内在联系,得到减小复合地基沉降的方法和措施,对实际工程优化设计有一定的借鉴作用。     

云南绿春县把不粗梁子挖方边坡稳定性研究

采用FLAC3D有限差分法对绿春县把不粗梁子挖方边坡稳定性进行研究,通过建立非均质三维模型,分析把不粗梁子在开挖前后的位移变形量,以及天然、降雨情况下的应力分布状况;对应力集中区采用极限平衡法计算其稳定性系数。综合有限差分法和极限平衡法计算结果,对把不粗梁子挖方边坡提出防治措施及建议。     

基于非牛顿指数渗流和分数阶Merchant模型的一维流变固结分析

为进一步深入分析饱和黏性土的一维流变固结机制,引入Koeller定义的弹壶元件修正Merchant模型,并以此描述土骨架的黏弹性变形行为;同时引入非牛顿指数渗流模型描述流变固结中的非达西渗流,推导出一个新的饱和黏性土一维流变固结方程,并用隐式有限差分法进行数值求解。通过与有关文献中退化模型结果的对比,验证了有限差分算法的有效性。在此基础上,分析非达西渗流模型参数以及分数阶Merchant流变模型参数对流变固结过程的影响。计算结果表明:分数导数阶数和黏滞系数对地基沉降的影响比对孔压消散的影响更为明显,且分数导数阶数越小或黏滞系数越大,地基沉降需要的时间越长。同时,比起达西渗流,非牛顿指数渗流会延缓地基中的孔压消散,使得沉降发展变慢。另外,考虑流变效应时地基沉降要慢于孔压的消散。     

负摩擦作用下PCC桩沉降计算

从桩-土相互作用的机制出发,建立了均质地基中PCC桩负摩阻力传递的弹性微分方程。提出了基于有限差分法的一种桩身位移的迭代算法,计算结果表明,该计算方法收敛性好,且符合实际情况。根据中性点定义得出其位置在桩身中下部,与以往的研究结果相吻合。结果还表明,PCC桩比等截面的实心桩有较小的沉降。     

CFG桩复合地基的数值模拟分析

运用FLAC3D软件,分析了CFG桩复合地基的沉降变形和应力变化特征,验证了FLAC3D软件在CFG桩复合地基的数值分析中的可靠性,并对今后CFG桩地基处理工程的设计和施工提出了建议.     

水泥土搅拌桩复合地基的试验和数值模拟分析

水泥土搅拌桩处理软土地基可以提高地基承载力并减小沉降量。针对珠海地区的淤泥质土,进行了4种垫层厚度的水泥土搅拌桩复合地基现场静载荷试验,并在现场试验的基础上采用FLAC3D对水泥土搅拌桩复合地基进行了数值模拟分析。将数值模拟得到的4种垫层厚度复合地基的沉降曲线与现场试验的沉降曲线进行了比较,两者基本吻合。采用此模型计算了不同桩径和桩距复合地基的承载力和沉降量,研究了桩径、桩距的改变对复合地基承载力和沉降量的影响,并对改变桩径和桩距两种方案进行了比较,为水泥土搅拌桩复合地基的设计提供了参考。     

基坑悬臂支护桩的双参数有限差分算法研究

在现行基坑规范建议的单参数法的基础上,推导了基坑悬臂支护桩双参数弹性地基有限差分法,将支护桩视为整体,等距离离散化,采用统一的有限差分格式以简化求解格式,并对计算出的土反力超过极限被动土压力的部分进行应力修正,有效地提高了计算精度与效率。以实际工程为例,根据现场监测值反演出地基抗力双参数m和n,将有限差分法的计算值与实测数据进行对比,结果显示吻合良好。从而说明在满足相同精度的条件下,该有限差分法更简便,更具优势。同时讨论了抗剪强度参数及嵌固深度等因素对应力修正的影响,获得了一些有益于工程的结论。     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

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GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861     

ENGINEERING GEOLOGY

正20141768 An Shaopeng(Institute of Rock and Soil Mechannics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430071,China);Wei Lide Experimental Study on Mechanical Behavior of Xigeda Formation Siltstone and Structure Interface(Journal of Engineering Geology,ISSN1004-9665,CN11-3249/P,21(5),2013,p.702-708,9illus.,1 table,16 refs.)