共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 187 毫秒
1.
基于金刚石钻头在坚硬致密弱研磨性地层钻进时易出现进尺效率低的现象,将SiC磨粒作为胎体耐磨损性弱化颗粒添加至胎体中,采用室内钻进及正交试验设计法从金刚石粒度、金刚石浓度、胎体耐磨损性弱化颗粒浓度、胎体硬度4方面对钻头性能进行优化,并探讨了钻进工艺参数对钻进效率的影响。结果表明:将适当材质的胎体耐磨损性弱化颗粒添加至钻头胎体中,能够有效提高钻头的钻进效率,避免钻头打滑的现象;胎体硬度HRC 25,金刚石粒度40/50目、金刚石体积分数55%,胎体弱化颗粒体积分数30%是本次试验最优的设计方案;在相同主轴转速条件下,轴向压力不宜超过3.5 MPa,在相同轴向压力的条件下,其主轴转速以750~850 r/min为宜。 相似文献
2.
3.
针对在硬而致密岩石中钻进时效低和钻头使用寿命短以及传统金刚石钻头胎体材料价格高等众多难题,采用混料回归试验设计方法,进行了替代碳化钨基金刚石钻头胎体材料的新型铁基胎体配方的试验研究;分析了热压钻头的金刚石出刃与岩石研磨性等岩性之间的内在联系,认为钻头的胎体成分及其性能是关键。因此,从热压金刚石钻头的胎体成分与性能研究入手,经过反复的试验研究与优化组合,研究出热压高磷铁基孕镶金刚石钻头的胎体材料,并试制出金刚石钻头。在室内对可钻性Ⅸ级岩石进行钻进的试验表明:钻进时效平均达到1.91m,钻头平均工作寿命达到60.26m。试验结果表明,高磷铁基眙体是一种性能良好的金刚石钻头胎体材料,且该类型胎体的热压金刚石钻头是一种成本明显降低、具有广谱性能的金刚石钻头。 相似文献
4.
针对孕镶金刚石钻头在孔底钻进时受到各种冲击力而导致胎体出现裂纹甚至断裂的问题,提出了应用不锈钢纤维网提高胎体抗冲击韧性的方法。通过控制纤维网的摆放位置、目数和层数3个变量,测试了不同组合变量下的胎体抗冲击韧性。通过试验得到:(1)不锈钢纤维网能有效提高胎体的抗冲击韧性,而且X轴位置效果更好;(2)当纤维网的目数相同时,胎体抗冲击韧性随纤维网层数的增加而减小;(3)在纤维网层数相同的情况下,随着纤维网目数的增加,胎体抗冲击韧性呈现先增大后减小的趋势。当添加30目单层纤维网时,胎体的抗冲击韧性达到最大值。通过观察冲击断口、分析胎体断裂机理,解释了出现这种规律的原因,并提出了进一步优化胎体抗冲击韧性的方法。 相似文献
5.
在对普通孕镶金刚石钻头高温力学性能检测的基础上,实验研究了6种WC(W)基和6种Ni基配方胎体的高温力学性能,从而提出2种可供研制大陆科学钻探深部高温孔段孕镶金刚石钻头胎体使用的配方方案。 相似文献
6.
孕镶金刚石钻头是通过胎体超前磨损,促使金刚石出露形成微切削刃,在钻压和扭矩的作用下对岩石进行磨削碎岩,可广泛应用于硬地层和复杂地层钻进。然而,常规金刚石钻头存在坚硬地层钻速低、进尺慢、费用高等问题。本研究首先采取甘青隧道S2Z-45钻孔相邻孔不同深度的岩石样品,对其硬度、矿物组成及可钻性进行测试分析,确定了岩层大部分以闪长岩为主,岩石可钻性等级为8级;然后针对甘青隧道的地质特点对孕镶金刚石的胎体硬度和底唇面形状进行了优化设计,并进行了现场试验,通过分析钻头的实际使用情况研究了孕镶金刚石钻头性能的影响因素。试验结果表明:胎体硬度为HRC 15~20、金刚石粒度40~50目、金刚石体积分数为20%、底唇面为环槽尖齿型的孕镶金刚石钻头性能最佳,寿命达到321 m,钻速为1.17 m/h;在相同金刚石参数下,胎体硬度为HRC 10~15的滚齿型孕镶金刚石钻头在钻速方面具有优势,最大钻速能够达到1.44 m/h。环槽尖齿型底唇面和高胎体硬度有助于提高钻头寿命,滚齿型底唇面和低胎体硬度有利于提高钻进效率,但钻头寿命偏低。 相似文献
7.
胎体配方预合金化近年来已成为有关孕镶金刚石钻头研究的一个新热点。根据相同的热压富铁基含金刚石钻头胎体配方,通过改变CSB-2预合金的加量和烧结温度,制作试样进行摩擦磨损测试,并对抗弯强度测试后的试样进行SEM分析和EDS能谱测试。摩擦磨损试验结果表明,4种烧结温度条件下,胎体磨损量均随着CSB-2加量的增大而减小,且相同CSB-2加量条件下,胎体磨损量随烧结温度的升高先增大后减小。SEM分析表明,添加CSB-2预合金可使胎体组织细化,孔隙数减少;高温烧结(980℃以上)时,铁基胎体对金刚石具有热腐蚀作用,随着胎体配方中CSB-2预合金含量的增加,金刚石的热腐蚀程度逐渐减缓。EDS能谱测试表明,胎体配方的预合金化可增大胎体金属对金刚石的润湿性,提高胎体对金刚石的包镶强度。 相似文献
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
考虑核电厂地基-基础的动力相互作用,应用显式动力有限差分法分析了地震作用下极软岩、较软岩、坚硬岩上核电厂建筑结构基础的地震响应特征,比较了岩石坚硬程度对基础加速度反应谱的影响。研究表明:随着岩石坚硬程度的提高,核电厂建筑物结构基础的地震响应有增加的趋势;在周期轴上,基础处的加速度反应谱曲线会随着岩石坚硬程度的提高逐渐向短周期(高频段)方向移动。在高频段,建造于较坚硬岩石上基础结构的加速度反应谱值偏大;在中等频段,建造于较软岩石上基础结构的加速度反应谱值偏大;在低频段,岩石坚硬程度对加速度反应谱的影响不显著。 相似文献
13.
M. D. Sharma 《Journal of Earth System Science》2004,113(2):247-257
Three dimensional scattering of near-field is studied for dilatation and rotation in the time domain. The perturbation method
is applied to solve the equation of motion for the first order scattering from a weak inhomogeneity in an otherwise homogeneous
medium. The inhomogeneity is assumed close enough to the point source so that the near-field intermediate wave is dominating
over the far-field sphericalP andS pulses. The integral expressions are derived to relate dilatation and rotation of scattering to the radial fluctuations of
velocities and density in the inhomogeneity. These integrals are solved to calculate the strains of scattering from (a part
of) an inhomogeneous spherical shell of arbitrary curvature. Variable curvature may allow the shape of inhomogeneity volume
element to change uniformly from spherical to rectangular. Rotation of scattering from a spherical shell is independent ofP wave velocity inhomogeneity. Dilatation of scattering does not involveS wave velocity inhomogeneity but its gradient. The back scattering results are obtained as a special case. Strains are computed
numerically, for hypothetical models to study the effects of various parameters viz., velocity inhomogeneity, distance of
source from inhomogeneity and from receiver, and thickness of inhomogeneity. The curvature of the spherical shell is varied
to study the effects of the shape of inhomogeneous volume element on scattering. 相似文献
14.
15.
Ivan V. BRAGIN Georgy A. CHELNOKOV Oleg V. CHUDAEV Natalia A. KHARITONOVA Sergey V. VYSOTSKIY 《《地质学报》英文版》2016,90(1):276-284
Studied waters belong to warm(T=30-50℃),alkaline(pH=8.9-9.3),low mineralized(TDS235 mg/1)Na-HCO_3 or Na-SO_4-HCO_3 thermal waters with high content of SiO_2(up to 81 mg/l)and F(up to 3.9 mg/1),occur on modern volcano-tectonic rejuvenated areas of Eastern Sikhote-Alin orogenic belt.Low~3He concentration as well as N_2/O_2 and N_2/Ar ratios exclude influence of deep mantle fluid.New rare earth element data constrain our understandmg of water-rock interaction occurring in the water source region.Meteoric origin of waters is proved by stable isotope values varying from-71‰to-136.1‰and from-10.8‰to-18.8‰forδ~2U andδ~(18)O respectively.REE patterns reflect high pH,resultfing from water-rock interaction and oxidative conditions.Calculations of deep aquifer temperature using Na-K and quartz geothermometers show 116.8-131.1°C and 82.2-125.8℃respectively.Presence of deep faults both with abnormal thermal gradient(~45-50 K/km)define unique geochemical shape of thermal waters of Sikhote-Alin,area,where no present volcanic activity is registered. 相似文献
16.
17.
地震次生地质灾害风险评估集对态势分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
5.12四川汶川8级强震引发了大量次生地质灾害,加剧了灾情并严重影响抗震救灾。地震次生地质灾害受多重因素制约,其孕育与致灾过程具有不确定性。利用集对分析原理与方法,对地震次生地质灾害进行同异反态势分析,拟定了风险评估的集对分析同一度、差异度、对立度等指标体系的构建原则与赋值标准,对承灾体系统的不确定性及其作用作了刻画与分析,建立了不同风险分区代表性的集对分析联系度表达式,为地震灾害研究提供了可资借鉴的新思路和技术方法。 相似文献
18.
下扬子区三叠纪古地理演化 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
下扬子区在三叠纪期间接受了早-中三叠世海相碳酸盐沉积、中-晚三叠世海陆交互相和陆相湖沼沉积.沉积相带的空间分布和古地理格局的变迁明显地受到区域构造的控制.区内盆地发育与演化是在华南板块与扬子板块、扬子板块与华北板块相互作用的背景下进行的.早-中三叠世末期的印支运动是下扬子区构造-古地理格局改变的决定性因素,使下扬子海盆闭合,沉积类型由海相沉积变为陆相沉积.下扬子区三叠纪古地理的演化特征也为板块碰撞提供了沉积证据. 相似文献
19.
20.
Isothermal thermogravimetric experiments have been carried out to determine the reaction kinetics of the dehydration processes
in fuller's earth, a natural Ca-montmorillonite. Dehydration in swelling clays is a complex reaction, and analysis of the
thermogravimetric data using empirical rate equations and time-transformation analysis reveals that the nature of the rate
controlling mechanism is dependent upon both the temperature regime of the sample as well as the extent of reaction. For fuller's
earth, we find that the dehydration kinetics are dominated by a nucleation and growth mechanism at low temperatures and fractions
transformed (stage I), but above 90 °C the last stages of the reaction are diffusion controlled (stage II). The activation
energy for dehydration during stage I is around 35 kJ · mol−1, whereas the removal of water during stage II requires an activation energy of around 50 kJ · mol−1. These two stages of dehydration are associated with primary collapse of the interlayer (stage I) and movement of water that
is hydrated to cations within the interlayer (stage II).
Received: 28 August 1998 / Revised, accepted: 27 January 1999 相似文献