铁同位素在现代海洋环境的示踪研究

随着海洋环境介质铁同位素测试技术的发展,特别是海水和沉积物中不同铁赋存形式的同位素组成研究备受重视,铁同位素已经展现出对各类生物地球化学过程的崭新的示踪作用。本文在不同铁价态和赋存形式之间转化的专属分馏机制框架总结基础上,汇总了现代海洋环境中大气沉降、陆源径流、沉积物、地下水和海底热液等不同来源的铁同位素特征范围,探讨了海洋内部铁循环的生物地球化学过程,包括生物吸收、颗粒态/溶解态铁的转化以及清除作用的铁同位素分馏机制,辨析海水剖面在不同层位上铁同位素组成的主导控制因素。另外,应用溯源混合模型甄别大西洋、太平洋和南大洋等多个海域铁来源,以此验证了全球气候变化与海陆多个物理化学过程的密切关系;利用不同结晶度和反应活度的矿物铁同位素数据可示踪早期成岩过程中铁还原的深度和程度,亦有助于辨析古海洋沉积物的铁同位素数据并提高古氧化还原环境的重建精度。     

板块俯冲过程中的Mg-Li-Fe-Cr同位素分馏

金属稳定同位素体系是示踪板块俯冲对壳幔物质再循环影响的全新工具,因此其在俯冲带的地球化学行为备受关注.Mg同位素在俯冲过程中不发生显著分馏,但大陆玄武岩具有低于洋中脊玄武岩的Mg同位素,这可能是碳酸岩的俯冲再循环导致的.与角闪岩继承原岩的Li同位素组成不同,榴辉岩具有轻于原岩的Li同位素组成,可归因于俯冲折返过程中的动力学扩散、脱水反应或低Li同位素的流体交代.作为变价元素,Fe和Cr的同位素在榴辉岩的形成过程中均不发生显著分馏,但是蛇纹岩的Fe同位素和Cr同位素与氧逸度指标具有相关性,指示氧化还原条件变化时脱水过程或流体交代会导致同位素分馏.      

海洋铜锌同位素地球化学研究进展

铜锌是海洋浮游生物生命活动所必需的微量营养元素,其含量和同位素能够对相关海洋生物—物理—化学过程进行示踪和定量分析,是国际地学重大研究计划"GEOTRACES"的核心研究内容之一.总结和评述了近年来海洋铜锌同位素的最新研究成果和研究现状,归纳出以下认识:①生物吸收、颗粒物吸附和有机质络合等不同海洋过程会使海水溶解铜锌同位素产生分馏,从而对同位素组成的纵剖面分布特征造成影响;②现代海洋主要铜锌输入、输出端元同位素组成及通量的研究已日趋成熟,但仍存在潜在的铜锌源汇尚未被发现;③铜锌对海洋气候环境变化极为敏感,其同位素组成经常被广泛应用于古海洋气候环境变化等方面的示踪.未来还需在优化铜同位素组成的分析测试方法、探究海洋铜锌的潜在源汇以及生物碳酸盐等海洋载体铜锌同位素分馏机理等方面开展进一步工作,并有望在碳循环、地球气候重大演变和海洋环境污染的示踪应用等方向取得突破.     

海洋沉积物的锌同位素地球化学及其应用

锌同位素体系是海洋地球化学研究的新示踪剂,应用于示踪海水中锌元素的来源及其运移过程.海洋沉积物作为锌元素重要的"源"与/或"汇",其锌同位素组成的研究有助于理解海洋锌元素的地球化学循环.海洋沉积物记录了海水组成的信息,可以反演古海水锌同位素组成的变化,前提是理解沉积物与海水之间的分馏.对海水及海洋不同储库锌同位素研究进行系统总结,包括河流输入、热液体系、不同类型海洋沉积物(如富碳酸盐的沉积物、陆源硅酸盐碎屑、硅质沉积物、铁锰结核、贫氧-缺氧沉积物)的锌同位素组成,阐述了海洋沉积物锌同位素组成变化在古气候、古环境重建以及古海洋学等领域的应用以及重要性.      

海洋环境中的锇同位素研究现状

由于锇同位素示踪和定年具有较高的灵敏度，能提供其它同位素无法给出的重要信息，在海洋环境中应用具有独特的优越性，因此锇同位素在海洋环境中的的研究和应用引起了人们的广泛关注。近年来，国内外学者对海洋环境中的锇同位素研究取得了较大的成果，主要体现在以下几个方面：①对富钴结壳、海底铁锰结核、富有机质沉积物、富金属碳酸盐和深海远洋粘土中的锇同位素组成进行了较多研究；②对海水中锇的浓度、滞留时间，以及现代海水的锇同位素组成进行了精确测定；③初步建立了过去80Ma以来海水锇同位素组成的演化曲线；④对深海橄榄岩、大洋玄武岩、俯冲带岩石和大洋中脊喷出的热液流体的锇同位素组成进行了研究；⑤探讨了海洋环境中影响海水锇同位素组成变化的制约因素，初步揭示了海洋环境中的锇同位素组成对古海洋、古气候和古地理的指示意义。较系统地总结近年来锇同位素在海洋环境中的研究现状，对于指导以后的研究工作有着重要的意义。     

镁同位素示踪碳酸盐岩沉积—成岩过程

镁（Mg）作为主要的造岩元素及生物营养元素,是连接大陆、海洋和地球内部循环的重要纽带。碳酸盐岩作为Mg的主要储库,是全球Mg循环的重要组成环节,利用Mg同位素示踪碳酸盐岩沉积—成岩过程是有效反演深时海水Mg同位素组成（δ26Mg_海水）、恢复全球Mg循环的基本前提。近二十年来,Mg同位素在示踪碳酸盐岩沉积—成岩过程研究中取得了较大进展:1）不同类型碳酸盐矿物形成过程中的Mg同位素分馏及其影响因素的研究得到完善;2）建立了Mg同位素地球化学模型,对不同白云石化过程进行半定量—定量模拟;3）初步探索了利用Mg同位素反演早期成岩流体体系的方法。以上研究进展为利用碳酸盐岩恢复δ26Mg_海水奠定了理论基础,在选择有效的碳酸盐岩载体恢复δ26Mg_海水时,需充分考虑碳酸盐岩的沉积—成岩过程及其对Mg同位素组成的影响,并适当结合地球化学模型,消除沉积—成岩因素的影响,进而恢复δ26Mg_海水。     

黄土中硼的同位素组成变化及其气候示踪意义研究

自然界中硼的同位素组成变化很大(δ１１Ｂ＝－３０‰～＋４０‰),但在不问类型地质体中的分布或一定地质地球化学过程造成的分馏却有特定的范围。硼同位素分馏的主要原因是流体—固体反应体系的ｐＨ条件和水－岩比值变化。硼的这些特殊地球化学性质在不同地质地球化学作用示踪,特别是与流体作用有关的地球化学过程的研究中得到了广泛的应用。近年来有学者利用硼同位素组成示踪古海水的ｐＨ变化,但利用硼同位素示踪其它古环境或气候变化的研究却相当少。本文试图通过研究黄土中不同相态硼的同位素组成变化来识别黄土化学风化过程中流体介质的ｐＨ条件以及其它与风化作用强度有关的各种信息,并进一步发掘硼同位素组成变化在反映古气候、古环境     

海洋Nd同位素演化及古洋流循环示踪研究

海洋Nd同位素演化已经成为示踪陆源风化输入和洋流循环改变的最重要的手段之一,得到了越来越多的应用,并取得了许多重要的成果。海水的Nd同位素组成主要受陆源输入物质控制,热液输入几乎可以忽略。由于Nd在海洋中的停留时间(约500～1000a)略小于海水的平均混合时间(约1500a),且各洋盆有不同的Nd同位素风化输入,因此现代各大洋海水具有不同的Nd同位素组成。在陆源输入稳定的情况下,可以利用海水的Nd同位素组成和演化来示踪水体的混合或洋流循环的改变。目前主要依靠对海洋中水成铁锰结壳、海洋钙质有孔虫壳体、磷酸质鱼骨头或鱼牙齿化石以及沉积物中铁锰氧化物组分等的研究来恢复和反演古海水的Nd同位素组成和演化。4种分析材料各有其优缺点。其中,通过对水成铁锰结壳的Nd同位素分析,基本建立了各大洋新生代以来的主要洋流的Nd同位素组成的长尺度演化。通过有孔虫壳体、鱼化石碎片和沉积物中Fe-Mn氧化物组分可以进行高时间分辨率的古海水Nd同位素演化示踪。利用海水Nd同位素演化可以示踪古洋流通道的开启或闭合,以及获得水体交换的直接信息,为研究构造运动与气候变化之间的关系提供指示。同时,将海水Nd同位素演化与气候变化的指标结合起来,可以用于示踪各种气候条件下洋流循环的改变,将洋流循环的改变与气候变化联系起来,研究两者之间的成因关系。对表层水体的Nd同位素组成的研究则可以示踪不同气候条件下大陆陆源风化输入的改变。     

地质历史时期海洋Li同位素演变

Li是一种碱金属元素,由于它不受氧化还原和生物效应的影响,因此在追踪地球元素循环方面非常有利。并且Li在海洋中的留存时间远大于海水混合时间,因此海洋中的Li具有相对均一的组成,从而能够代表对应地质历史时期整体海洋情况。近年来海洋Li同位素被应用在示踪大陆风化模式领域,并取得了很多成果。笔者等在系统总结全球海洋Li循环作用和表生地质作用的Li同位素分馏机制的基础上,通过收集并整理、估算了不同时期海洋Li同位素组成,对地质历史时期海洋Li同位素组成变化与改变大陆风化模式相关的地质事件进行分析,再结合同时期碳酸盐岩C、Sr同位素数据进行对比分析,探讨Li、C、Sr同位素演化与地质事件之间的关系。最后,讨论了目前海洋Li同位素组成方面研究的不足,为后续利用海洋Li同位素记录示踪大陆风化模式的应用提供了参考。     

地质历史时期海洋Li同位素演变

Li是一种碱金属元素,由于它不受氧化还原和生物效应的影响,因此在追踪地球元素循环方面非常有利。并且Li在海洋中的留存时间远大于海水混合时间,因此海洋中的Li具有相对均一的组成,从而能够代表对应地质历史时期整体海洋情况。近年来海洋Li同位素被应用在示踪大陆风化模式领域,并取得了很多成果。笔者等在系统总结全球海洋Li循环作用和表生地质作用的Li同位素分馏机制的基础上,通过收集并整理、估算了不同时期海洋Li同位素组成,对地质历史时期海洋Li同位素组成变化与改变大陆风化模式相关的地质事件进行分析,再结合同时期碳酸盐岩C、Sr同位素数据进行对比分析,探讨Li、C、Sr同位素演化与地质事件之间的关系。最后,讨论了目前海洋Li同位素组成方面研究的不足,为后续利用海洋Li同位素记录示踪大陆风化模式的应用提供了参考。     

Influence of pH and dissolved Si on Fe isotope fractionation during dissimilatory microbial reduction of hematite

Microbial dissimilatory iron reduction (DIR) has been identified as a mechanism for production of aqueous Fe(II) that has low ⁵⁶Fe/⁵⁴Fe ratios in modern and ancient suboxic environments that contain ferric oxides or hydroxides. These studies suggest that DIR could have played an important role in producing distinct Fe isotope compositions in Precambrian banded iron formations or other marine sedimentary rocks. However, the applicability of experimental studies of Fe isotope fractionation produced by DIR in geochemically simple systems to ancient marine environments remains unclear. Here we report Fe isotope fractionations produced during dissimilatory microbial reduction of hematite by Geobacter sulfurreducens in the presence and absence of dissolved Si at neutral and alkaline pH. Hematite reduction was significantly decreased by Si at alkaline (but not neutral) pH, presumably due to Si polymerization at the hematite surface. The presence of Si altered Fe isotope fractionation factors between aqueous Fe(II) or sorbed Fe(II) and reactive Fe(III), reflecting changes in bonding environment of the reactive Fe(III) component at the oxide surface. Despite these changes in isotopic fractionations, our results demonstrate that microbial Fe(III) oxide reduction produces Fe(II) with negative δ⁵⁶Fe values under conditions of variable pH and dissolved Si, similar to the large inventory of negative δ⁵⁶Fe in Neoarchean and Paleoproterozoic age marine sedimentary rocks.     

The effect of early diagenesis on the Fe isotope compositions of porewaters and authigenic minerals in continental margin sediments

Iron isotope compositions in marine pore fluids and sedimentary solid phases were measured at two sites along the California continental margin, where isotope compositions range from δ⁵⁶Fe = −3.0‰ to +0.4‰. At one site near Monterey Canyon off central California, organic matter oxidation likely proceeds through a number of diagenetic pathways that include significant dissimilatory iron reduction (DIR) and bacterial sulfate reduction, whereas at our other site in the Santa Barbara basin DIR appears to be comparatively small, and production of sulfides (FeS and pyrite) was extensive. The largest range in Fe isotope compositions is observed for Fe(II)_aq in porewaters, which generally have the lowest δ⁵⁶Fe values (minimum: −3.0‰) near the sediment surface, and increase with burial depth. δ⁵⁶Fe values for FeS inferred from HCl extractions vary between ∼−0.4‰ and +0.4‰, but pyrite is similar at both stations, where an average δ⁵⁶Fe value of −0.8 ± 0.2‰ was measured. We interpret variations in dissolved Fe isotope compositions to be best explained by open-system behavior that involves extensive recycling of Feflux. This study is the first to examine Fe isotope variations in modern marine sediments, and the results show that Fe isotopes in the various reactive Fe pools undergo isotopic fractionation during early diagenesis. Importantly, processes dominated by sulfide formation produce high-δ⁵⁶Fe values for porewaters, whereas the opposite occurs when Fe(III)-oxides are present and DIR is a major pathway of organic carbon respiration. Because shelf pore fluids may carry a negative δ⁵⁶Fe signature it is possible that the Fe isotope composition of ocean water reflects a significant contribution of shelf-derived iron to the open ocean. Such a signature would be an important means for tracing iron sources to the ocean and water mass circulation.     

High precision iron isotope measurements of terrestrial and lunar materials

We present the analytical methods that have been developed for the first high-precision Fe isotope analyses that clearly identify naturally-occurring, mass-dependent isotope fractionation. A double-spike approach is used, which allows rigorous correction of instrumental mass fractionation. Based on 21 analyses of an ultra pure Fe standard, the external precision (1-SD) for measuring the isotopic composition of Fe is ±0.14 ‰/mass; for demonstrated reproducibility on samples, this precision exceeds by at least an order of magnitude that of previous attempts to empirically control instrumentally-produced mass fractionation (Dixon et al., 1993). Using the double-spike method, 15 terrestrial igneous rocks that range in composition from peridotite to rhyolite, 5 high-Ti lunar basalts, 5 Fe-Mn nodules, and a banded iron formation have been analyzed for their iron isotopic composition. The terrestrial and lunar igneous rocks have the same isotopic compositions as the ultra pure Fe standard, providing a reference Fe isotope composition for the Earth and Moon. In contrast, Fe-Mn nodules and a sample of a banded iron formation have iron isotope compositions that vary over a relatively wide range, from δ⁵⁶Fe = +0.9 to −1.2 ‰; this range is 15 times the analytical errors of our technique. These natural isotopic fractionations are interpreted to reflect biological (“vital”) effects, and illustrate the great potential Fe isotope studies have for studying modern and ancient biological processes.     

Some Key Problems on the Petrogenesis of Seafloor Basalts,Abyssal Peridotites and Geodynamics—A Non-traditional Isotope Approach

This paper discusses some major research to be carried out in the next five years in the newly established Laboratory of Ocean Lithosphere and Mantle Geodynamics. By using our existing sample collections of global mid-ocean ridge basalts, gabbros and abyssal peridotites from the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian oceans, the research includes: ①Using Ti-Zr-Hf stable isotope methods to test the hypothesis that the observed huge Nb-Ta and Zr-Hf fractionations result from mass-dependent fractionation under mantle magmatic conditions; ②Using a MORB sample suite of uniform ratios of incompatible elements and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopes with large major element compositional variation to test the common hypothesis of iron isotope fractionation, i.e, the affinity of heavy Fe with ferric Fe (Fe³⁺), and both heavy Fe and ferric Fe (Fe³⁺) being more incompatible than light Fe and ferrous Fe (Fe²⁺) during magma evolution; while using an incompatible trace element and Sr-Nd-Pb isotope highly variable MORB suite to test the same hypothesis during low-degree mantle melting (i.e, the effect of mantle metasomatism); ③Proposing and testing the hypothesis that the high oxygen fugacity of the Earth’s mantle is a consequence of plate tectonics by subducting partially serpentinized oceanic mantle lithosphere with abundant ferric Fe (e.g. Fe³⁺/SFe>2); ④The recent work by Andersen et al. (Nature, 2015) is a milestone contribution by using U isotope variation in oceanic basalts to hypothesize that the O₂-rich atmosphere since the late Archean (abont 2.4 Ga) mobilized the water soluble U (6+ vs. 4+) from continents, transported to the ocean and subducted with sediments to the upper mantle, which explains the low Th/U in MORB (<2.5) and the high Th/U (>3.5) ocean island basalts (OIB) do not see such U addition effect probably because OIB source materials are all ancient (> abont 2.4 Ga) if there were subducted component. The Cenozoic alkali basalts from eastern China are ideal materials for evaluating the significance of the subducted seafloor materials for the petrogenesis of OIB and enriched MORB by using the U isotope approach, which is expected to revise and improve the Andersen et al hypothesis.     

Iron-Molybdenum Isotopes and the Chemical Evolution of Ancient-Oceans

Iron(Fe) is abundant in nature while molybdenum(Mo) is the most abundant transition metal in seawater. Due to their high sensitivity to the redox state of the environment, the isotopic compositions of Fe and Mo as well as variations have been widely used to probe the redox conditions and the evolution of ancient ocean chemistry in favor of improved analytical techniques. Here, we summarized isotopic fractionation mechanisms and natural distribution of both iron and molybdenum isotopes, and further we summarized and partially reinterpreted the redox evolution of ancient oceans through time based on available Fe-Mo data compiled in this study. The process that causes the largest iron isotope fractionation is redox reaction and the iron in oxidation state is generally enriched in ⁵⁶Fe. Biotic and abiotic pyrite formations also produce a large Fe isotope fractionations. Isotopic fractionation of molybdenum in seawater is mainly caused by the adsorption process of dissolved Mo onto ferromanganese oxides or hydroxides in sediments. Fe-Mn (hydro)oxides tend to adsorb isotopically light molybdenum resulting in the isotopic composition of Mo in seawater heavier. However, the Mo sinks in euxinic settings cause almost no molybdenum isotope fractionation. The Fe Mo isotope isotopic records through geological timegenerally suggest similar ocean redox evolution: Oceans older than 2.3 Ga was mainly dominated by ferruginous condition, and there was a slight increase in oxygen content between 2.6 and 2.5 Ga. Earth’s surface was initially oxidized during 2.3 to 1.8 Ga, during which euxinic deposition of sulfide was elevated. Euxinic waters may have expanded greatly between 1.8 and 0.8 Ga, and after that, Earth’s surface had being gradually oxidized and the euxinic waters shrank substantially.Finally, suggestions are proposed for further work on the Fe-Mo isotope research in the context of ancient ocean chemistry.     

Oxygen and iron isotope constraints on near-surface fractionation effects and the composition of lunar mare basalt source regions

Oxygen and iron isotope analyses of low-Ti and high-Ti mare basalts are presented to constrain their petrogenesis and to assess stable isotope variations within lunar mantle sources. An internally-consistent dataset of oxygen isotope compositions of mare basalts encompasses five types of low-Ti basalts from the Apollo 12 and 15 missions and eight types of high-Ti basalts from the Apollo 11 and 17 missions. High-precision whole-rock δ¹⁸O values (referenced to VSMOW) of low-Ti and high-Ti basalts correlate with major-element compositions (Mg#, TiO₂, Al₂O₃). The observed oxygen isotope variations within low-Ti and high-Ti basalts are consistent with crystal fractionation and match the results of mass-balance models assuming equilibrium crystallization. Whole-rock δ⁵⁶Fe values (referenced to IRMM-014) of high-Ti and low-Ti basalts range from 0.134‰ to 0.217‰ and 0.038‰ to 0.104‰, respectively. Iron isotope compositions of both low-Ti and high-Ti basalts do not correlate with indices of crystal fractionation, possibly owing to small mineral-melt iron fractionation factors anticipated under lunar reducing conditions.The δ¹⁸O and δ⁵⁶Fe values of low-Ti and the least differentiated high-Ti mare basalts are negatively correlated, which reflects their different mantle source characteristics (e.g., the presence or absence of ilmenite). The average δ⁵⁶Fe values of low-Ti basalts (0.073 ± 0.018‰, n = 8) and high-Ti basalts (0.191 ± 0.020‰, n = 7) may directly record that of their parent mantle sources. Oxygen isotope compositions of mantle sources of low-Ti and high-Ti basalts are calculated using existing models of lunar magma ocean crystallization and mixing, the estimated equilibrium mantle olivine δ¹⁸O value, and equilibrium oxygen-fractionation between olivine and other mineral phases. The differences between the calculated whole-rock δ¹⁸O values for source regions, 5.57‰ for low-Ti and 5.30‰ for high-Ti mare basalt mantle source regions, are solely a function of the assumed source mineralogy. The oxygen and iron isotope compositions of lunar upper mantle can be approximated using these mantle source values. The δ¹⁸O and δ⁵⁶Fe values of the lunar upper mantle are estimated to be 5.5 ± 0.2‰ (2σ) and 0.085 ± 0.040‰ (2σ), respectively. The oxygen isotope composition of lunar upper mantle is identical to the current estimate of Earth’s upper mantle (5.5 ± 0.2‰), and the iron isotope composition of the lunar upper mantle overlaps within uncertainty of estimates for the terrestrial upper mantle (0.044 ± 0.030‰).     

Iron isotope systematics in estuaries: The case of North River, Massachusetts (USA)

Recent studies have suggested that rivers may present an isotopically light Fe source to the oceans. Since the input of dissolved iron from river water is generally controlled by flocculation processes that occur during estuarine mixing, it is important to investigate potential fractionation of Fe-isotopes during this process. In this study, we investigate the influence of the flocculation of Fe-rich colloids on the iron isotope composition of pristine estuarine waters and suspended particles. The samples were collected along a salinity gradient from the fresh water to the ocean in the North River estuary (MA, USA). Estuarine samples were filtered at 0.22 μm and the iron isotope composition of the two fractions (dissolved and particles) were analyzed using high-resolution MC-ICP-MS after chemical purification. Dissolved iron results show positive δ⁵⁶Fe values (with an average of 0.43 ± 0.04‰) relative to the IRMM-14 standard and do not display any relationships with salinity or with percentage of colloid flocculation. The iron isotopic composition of the particles suspended in fresh water is characterized by more negative δ⁵⁶Fe values than for dissolved Fe and correlate with the percentage of Fe flocculation. Particulate δ⁵⁶Fe values vary from −0.09‰ at no flocculation to ∼0.1‰ at the flocculation maximum, which reflect mixing effects between river-borne particles, lithogenic particles derived from coastal seawaters and newly precipitated colloids. Since the process of flocculation produces minimal Fe-isotope fractionation in the dissolved Fe pool, we suggest that the pristine iron isotope composition of fresh water is preserved during estuarine mixing and that the value of the global riverine source into the ocean can be identified from the fresh water values. However, this study also suggests that δ⁵⁶Fe composition of rivers can also be characterized by more positive δ⁵⁶Fe values (up to 0.3‰) relative to the crust than previously reported. In order to improve our current understanding of the oceanic iron isotope cycling, further work is now required to determine the processes controlling the fractionation of Fe-isotopes during continental run-off.     

Fe-Cu-Zn-Mo同位素示踪氧化还原过程

非传统稳定同位素（Fe-Cu-Zn-Mo）理论与数据相结合提高了科研工作者对地质体系氧化还原过程的理解。本文对这一相对较新的领域进行了综述,包括与氧化还原过程相关的同位素分馏理论和实验约束、时空尺度下的氧逸度以及同位素示踪氧化还原过程。稳定同位素理论预测,Fe-Cu-Zn-Mo同位素应该对氧化还原状态的变化能够做出响应。结果表明,Fe同位素作为岩浆过程、表生过程、俯冲带流体性质"氧逸度计"应用前景广阔;Cu同位素在岩浆、热液、陆地系统可以很好地示踪氧化还原过程;Zn同位素由于络合过程分馏已经被用在许多不同环境中作为含硫/碳流体迁移的敏感示踪剂;Mo同位素作为古氧逸度计可有效重建古海洋-大气氧化还原状态。     

Fe同位素在地幔地球化学研究中的应用及进展

在总结不同地质储库中Fe同位素分布特征的基础上,对Fe同位素在地幔地球化学研究中的应用进行了较素在地幔包体全岩及单矿物中的分布特征,进一步确认了Fe同位素不均一性在地幔中的存在,探讨了导致这种不均一性的可能机理,指出了FE同位素在示踪地幔交代、部分熔融和氧逸度演化方面的潜力.