内蒙古北山造山带小红山地区三叠纪花岗岩成因——来自锆石U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素的约束

对北山造山带小红山地区三叠纪花岗斑岩锆石U-Pb年龄、锆石Hf同位素和全岩地球化学组成进行了研究。LA-MC-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年结果显示,2个花岗斑岩样品的锆石~(206)Pb/~(238)U年龄为211.8±1.6 Ma和205.9±1.7 Ma,显示花岗斑岩的侵位时代为晚三叠世晚期。花岗斑岩具有高硅、富碱、准铝,贫钙、镁、铁的特征,属于高钾钙碱性至钾玄岩系列,分异程度较高,属高分异I型花岗岩,富集Rb、Th、U、La、Ce等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、P、Ti等高场强元素和Ba、Sr,表现出低Sr,高Yb和Y的特点,并具有明显的负Eu异常。ε_(Hf)(t)值较高(-1.43～9.93),Hf同位素地壳模式年龄T~C_(DM)为610～1335 Ma,指示花岗斑岩均源于具有幔源烙印的新生地壳并混有重熔的古老地壳。结合最近获得的数据及区域地质资料,提出在后造山伸展体制下,基性岩浆底侵带来的热导致新元古代—古生代新生地壳的部分熔融,并遭受了下元古界古老地壳重熔的岩浆混染,形成的岩浆经过分离结晶作用,最终在中上地壳侵位形成了晚三叠世花岗斑岩。     

黑龙江洋灰洞子铜矿床花岗闪长斑岩地球化学、锆石U--Pb定年及地质意义

黑龙江洋灰洞子斑岩型铜矿床地处兴蒙造山带东段、吉黑褶皱带北部,矿体主要赋存在花岗闪长斑岩和构造角砾岩中。为厘定洋灰洞子铜矿床的成岩成矿时代和构造背景,笔者对洋灰洞子花岗闪长斑岩进行了元素地球化学和LA--ICP--MS锆石U--Pb年代学的相关研究。岩石地球化学特征显示,花岗闪长斑岩富硅贫镁,属于过铝质钙碱性系列,富集轻稀土元素(LREE),(La/Yb)N=10.49~19.79,Eu显示弱负异常或正异常,高Sr低Y和Yb,富集大离子亲石元素(LILE),相对亏损高场强元素(HFSE),具有埃达克岩或埃达克质岩的特征。LA--ICP--MS锆石U--Pb测年结果显示,花岗闪长斑岩锆石206Pb/238U加权平均年龄为204.4±2.8 Ma和201.2±1.7 Ma。综合研究认为,洋灰洞子斑岩型铜矿床的成岩成矿时代可能为晚三叠世—早侏罗世之交,该矿床形成于古亚洲洋闭合后的陆陆碰撞造山环境,是加厚下地壳部分熔融形成的岩浆流体作用的结果。     

安徽姚家岭锌金多金属矿区花岗闪长斑岩锆石U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素特征及其地质意义

姚家岭锌金多金属矿床位于铜陵矿集区东部,其形成与小青塘花岗闪长斑岩密切相关.然而,前人对该岩体的研究仍较少,为了深入认识姚家岭矿区的成矿作用,利用岩石地球化学的方法,对花岗闪长斑岩及锆石特征进行研究,结果表明:花岗闪长斑岩具有较高的SiO2,K2O/Na2O比值为0.68~1.02,为I型花岗岩,属于高钾钙碱性系列;锆石具有明显的环带结构,Th/U比值为0.34~1.20,为典型的岩浆锆石;锆石的206Pb/238 U加权平均年龄为141.0±1.7 Ma,说明花岗闪长斑岩形成于早白垩世;锆石的εHf(t)为-22.5~-9.2,Hf同位素两阶段模式年龄为1 639~2 620Ma,表明形成花岗闪长斑岩的岩浆是古元古代地壳岩石部分熔融的产物.此外,研究还表明,花岗闪长斑岩的结晶温度为558~739℃,成岩压力为50~250MPa.     

黑龙江省多宝山Cu-Mo矿床成矿斑岩锆石U-Pb年龄及地球化学特征

多宝山矿床位于大兴安岭北部,是中国东北地区规模最大的斑岩型Cu-Mo矿床。文章对该矿床中与成矿关系密切的花岗闪长斑岩进行了详细的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年、主量元素、微量元素及Hf同位素研究。结果表明,花岗闪长斑岩的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为(474.9±1.8)Ma,其w(Si O2)为70.73%~73.45%,w(K2O)和w(Na2O)分别为2.99%~3.88%、3.86%~4.38%,属高钾钙碱性系列。岩石富集轻稀土元素,(La/Yb)N=6.32~12.76,显示出Ba、K、La、Sr、Zr、Hf、Sm等元素富集,Th、Ta、Nb、Ce、P、Ti等元素亏损的特征。锆石εHf(t)值介于10.3~14.6。详尽的元素和同位素地球化学特征表明多宝山花岗闪长斑岩可能形成于大陆边缘弧环境,来源于加厚陆壳条件下亏损地幔新增生的年轻地壳物质的部分熔融过程。     

东准噶尔和尔赛斑岩铜矿成岩成矿时代与形成的构造背景

东准噶尔和尔赛铜矿是近年来新发现的斑岩型铜矿,位于野马泉-琼河坝古生代岛弧带东段。成矿岩体为侵位于花岗闪长岩中的花岗闪长斑岩,花岗闪岩中包含有钾长花岗岩体。锆石CAMECA U-Pb测年结果显示,钾长花岗岩年龄为429Ma,并含有405Ma的锆石;花岗闪长岩年龄为411Ma,并含432Ma的碎屑锆石;花岗闪长斑岩主体年龄为410.5Ma。研究区经历了3期岩浆与热液活动,且至少在早志留世就已开始,琼河坝岛弧是开始于早古生代的岛弧。辉钼矿Re-Os等时线年龄为409Ma,与花岗闪长斑岩年龄一致。和尔赛斑岩铜矿的主成岩成矿时代为早泥盆世,年龄约为410Ma。和尔赛铜矿的花岗闪长岩和花岗闪长斑岩具有埃达克岩与岛弧岩浆岩的地球化学特征,包括63.79%～68.86%SiO2、14.91%～17.48%Al2O3、0.68%～2.35%MgO、高Sr(383×10-6～971×10-6)与Sr/Y比值(48.3～111)、低Y(7.92×10-6～9.69×10-6)与Yb(0.76×10-6～0.98×10-6),Ba、U、K、Sr等大离子元素富集,Th、Nb、Ta、Ti等高场强元素亏损,较低的(87Sr/86Sr)i值(0.703852～0.704565)、正的εNd(t)值(6.1～7.4)、与亏损地幔接近的较低的初始铅同位素比值((206Pb/204Pb)i=17.58～17.91,(207Pb/204Pb)i=15.40～15.48,(208Pb/204Pb)i=37.25～37.47)。这些地球化学特征说明其形成于岛弧环境,可能为古俯冲洋壳部分熔融的产物。琼河坝地区以花岗闪长岩和花岗闪长斑岩为代表的岩浆岩带是形成和寻找斑岩铜矿的有利地区。     

内蒙古莲花山铜矿区花岗闪长斑岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄

为了精确厘定莲花山铜矿的成矿时代,在前人研究的基础上,开展了与成矿关系密切的花岗闪长斑岩锆石U-Pb定年测定。实验结果共获得4组年龄数据,第1组有1个锆石,206Pb/238U年龄为343Ma±2Ma;第2组1个锆石,206Pb/238U年龄为264Ma±2Ma;第3组有1个锆石,206Pb/238U年龄为256Ma±2Ma;第4组有17个锆石,206Pb/238U年龄在240~249Ma之间,206Pb/238U年龄加权平均值为246.4Ma±1.2Ma(N=17)。结合所测锆石的CL图像特征,确定花岗闪长斑岩就位发生在晚二叠世—早三叠世。     

Study on Yanshanian metallogenic granitoids magmatism in Baoshan deposit,southern Hunan ProvinceSCIEI北大核心CSCD

本文对湘南宝山花岗闪长斑岩进行了系统的锆石和磷灰石U-Pb定年、岩石地球化学以及锆石Hf同位素研究,并探讨了宝山花岗闪长斑岩的岩石成因和构造意义。锆石和磷灰石的LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年显示,宝山花岗闪长斑岩的成岩年龄为160Ma。综合元素和同位素地球化学证据,宝山花岗闪长斑岩的成因可能为新生地壳与古老地壳的混合熔融,同时宝山花岗闪长斑岩中发现的890±20Ma的继承锆石,验证了新元古代新生地壳的参与。磷灰石的主微量元素研究显示花岗闪长斑岩具有较高的氧逸度和Cl含量,Sr/Th比值具有较大变化,而La/Sm比值变化不大等特征,表明形成花岗闪长斑岩岩浆的母岩受到俯冲板片脱水形成的流体交代作用影响。在上述过程中,富含Cl和H2O的流体从板片中释放出来,引发地幔楔熔融,并对矿床中成矿金属元素进行提取。由于古太平洋板块俯冲引发的伸展-减薄运动,在地幔上涌过程中,新元古代新生地壳发生部分熔融,这些高温岩浆底侵老地壳源区,诱发老地壳部分熔融,进而发生了强烈的壳-壳混合作用,产生花岗闪长质岩浆。     

西乌珠穆沁旗巴彦呼舒花岗闪长岩锆石U-Pb LA-ICP-MS年龄、地球化学、Hf同位素特征及其地质意义

本文报道的花岗闪长岩位于内蒙古巴彦呼舒以东10 km处。大地构造位于中亚造山带中段的锡林浩特晚古生代褶皱带。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年获得该岩体的侵位年龄为236.1±3.4Ma。花岗闪长岩Si O2为66.93%~67.22%,Al2O3为15.13%~15.53%,K2O为2.47%~2.56%,Na2O为4.35%~4.46%,A/CNK值为0.94~0.95,显示该地区花岗闪长岩属于偏铝质钙碱性岩;亏损高场强元素,Sr达416.6×10-6~425.7×10-6,Sr/Y值为42~49,显示出高Sr低Y的典型特征,具有Adakite(高锶低钇中酸性岩)或者高Sr花岗岩的特点。花岗闪长岩的锆石εHf(t)值介于13.3~15.7之间;两阶段模式年龄分别为249~356Ma和258~422Ma。综合分析表明,花岗闪长岩为西伯利亚板块和华北板块碰撞闭合后,加厚的下地壳部分熔融作用的产物。     

内蒙古半砬山钼矿含矿斑岩U-Pb年龄和地球化学及其地质意义

内蒙古半砬山钼矿位于西拉木伦钼多金属矿带东北段,是新近发现的一个中型斑岩钼矿床。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,含矿花岗闪长斑岩成岩年龄133.5±1.7Ma,说明半砬山钼矿是早白垩世构造-岩浆活动的产物;赋矿围岩流纹斑岩的成岩年龄为160±2Ma,早于成矿年龄27Ma。锆石Hf同位素组成显示流纹斑岩和花岗闪长斑岩的εHf(t)基本为不大的正值,集中在+2～+3.5左右,说明其岩浆来自亏损地幔新增生的地壳物质。除同位素特征相似外,流纹斑岩与花岗闪长斑岩具有类似的地球化学特征,比如都具有富Al、K,低Mg、Ca及TFe,呈高钾钙碱性特征;稀土和微量元素组成特征上,流纹斑岩与花岗闪长斑岩都具有轻重稀土分馏较明显,相对富集Rb、Ba、Th等大离子亲石元素,而亏损Nb、Ta、Zr等高场强元素的特征,所不同的是流纹斑岩∑REE含量较花岗闪长斑岩高,Eu负异常也较明显,并且流纹斑岩为低Sr高Yb(Sr平均为37.3×10-6,Yb平均为4.81×10-6),而花岗闪长斑岩为高Sr低Yb(Sr平均为628×10-6,Yb平均为1.64×10-6)。这些特征暗示流纹斑岩形成的源区可能为中上地壳,花岗闪长斑岩源区物质可能为加厚的下地壳熔融产物,即在岩石圈不断伸展过程中,成岩岩浆源区不断加深。     

云南宾川小龙潭矿区花岗斑岩年代学、地球化学及成因

云南宾川小龙潭矿区斑岩体位于扬子板块西缘程海断裂带东侧,属金沙江-红河富碱侵入岩带组成部分.本文对矿区内与成矿密切相关的花岗斑岩进行了岩石学、年代学及地球化学研究.结果显示:花岗斑岩由二长花岗斑岩(MGP)和钾长花岗斑岩(KGP)组成,二者岩相学特征相似,空间上无明显分带关系,呈过渡渐变关系,具典型斑状结构.二长花岗斑岩和钾长花岗斑岩均具富碱、低钛和准铝质-弱过铝质特征,属准铝质-弱过铝质钾玄岩系列富碱斑岩;二者富集轻稀土元素(LREE)和大离子亲石元素(Rb、Ba、U),亏损重稀土元素(HREE)和高场强元素(Ta、Nb、Ti,Zr,Hf),具有较高Sr含量和Sr/Y值,中等负Eu异常(δEu=0.39～0.78),表现出C型埃达克质岩地球化学特征.二长花岗斑岩和钾长花岗斑岩具相似的地球化学特征,表明它们属同源岩浆演化产物.二长花岗斑岩锆石U-Pb年龄为34.7±0.3 Ma,反映其形成于古近纪始新世,与金沙江-红河富碱侵入岩活动高峰期(45～30 Ma)吻合.综合研究表明,小龙潭矿区花岗斑岩属具C型埃达克质岩地球化学特征的花岗岩,起源于底侵作用带来的幔源岩浆与石榴角闪岩相加厚下地壳部分熔融的混合岩浆,是印度-欧亚板块晚碰撞期力学性质由挤压向伸展转化动力学背景下的产物,具备成矿作用发生的物质基础,有较好的成矿潜力.     

江西相山铀矿田河元背地区流纹斑岩地球化学、锆石U Pb年龄及Hf Sr Nd同位素特征

在江西相山铀矿田河元背地区实施的CUSD3钻孔,发现其深部存在晚期侵入到打鼓顶组流纹英安岩、凝灰岩、泥质粉砂岩中的流纹斑岩。利用激光等离子质谱分析技术(LA ICP MS)测得流纹斑岩的锆石206Pb/238U年龄为(1318±07)Ma (MSWD=041),晚于前人所测的鹅湖岭组碎斑流纹岩年龄。该流纹斑岩具有高硅、富钾、铝过饱和等特点,还表现出高场强元素Rb、Th、U、La、Ce、Nd和LREE富集,Ba、Nb、Sr、P、Ti等元素亏损以及δEu明显负异常的特点。锆石的εHf(t)值介于 -677~-1038之间,对应的二阶段Hf模式年龄TDMC介于1 619~1 846 Ma,岩石的ISr值为0710 92~0712 01,εNd(t)值为-818~-919。其稀土元素、微量元素分布模式及同位素特征与前人报道的碎斑流纹岩特征类似,暗示流纹斑岩与碎斑流纹岩具有相同的物质来源。以上特征说明河元背地区流纹斑岩形成于早白垩世造山运动碰撞后伸展阶段,为深部硅铝质地壳部分熔融的产物。相山西部流纹斑岩的发现,可以推测该区或许存在一个次级火山机构。     

In Situ Analyses of Trace Elements,U–Pb and Lu–Hf Isotopes in Zircons from the Tongshankou Granodiorite Porphyry in Southeast Hubei Province,Middle-Lower Yangtze River Metallogenic Belt,China

The Tongshankou Cu-Mo deposit, located in southeast Hubei province, is a typical skarn–porphyry type ore deposit closely related to the Tongshankou granodiorite porphyry, characterized by a high Sr/Y ratio.Detailed in situ analyses of the trace elements and U–Pb and Lu–Hf isotopes in zircons from the Tongshankou granodiorite porphyry were performed.Scarcely any inherited zircons were observed, and the analyzed zircons yielded highly concordant results with a weighted mean 206Pb/238 U age of 143.5 ± 0.45 Ma(n=20, mean square weighted deviation was 0.75), which was interpreted to represent the crystallization age of the Tongshankou granodiorite porphyry.The chondrite-normalized rare-earth element pattern was characterized by a slope that steeply rises from the light-group rare-earth elements(LREE) to the heavy-group rare-earth elements(HREE) with a positive Ce-anomaly and inconspicuous Eu-anomaly, which was coincident with the pattern of the zircons from the Chuquicamata West porphyry, Chile.The analyzed zircons also had relatively low 176Hf/177 Hf ratios of 0.282526–0.282604.Assuming t=143 Ma, the corresponding calculated initial Hf isotope compositions(εHf(t)) ranged from-5.6 to-2.9.The results of the in situ analysis of trace elements and U–Pb and Lu–Hf isotopes in zircons from the Tongshankou granodiorite porphyry suggest that a deep-seated process involving a thickened-crust/enriched-mantle interaction may play an important role in the generation of high Sr/Y-ratio magma and potentially in the generation of porphyry Cu-Mo systems.     

Origin of the Dexing Cu-bearing porphyries,SE China: elemental and Sr–Nd–Pb–Hf isotopic constraints

The Dexing porphyry copper deposit, part of the circum-Pacific porphyry copper ore belt, is the largest porphyry copper deposit in China. We present new LA–ICP–MS zircon U–Pb and molybdenite Re–Os dating, bulk-rock elemental and Sr–Nd–Pb isotopic as well as in situ zircon Hf isotopic geochemistry for these ore-bearing porphyries, in an attempt to better constrain their petrogenesis. LA–ICP–MS zircon U–Pb dating shows that the Dexing porphyries were emplaced in the early Middle Jurassic (～171 Ma); molybdenite Re–Os dating indicates that the associated Cu–Mo mineralization was contemporaneous (～171 Ma) with the igneous intrusion. The rocks are mainly high-K calc-alkaline and show adakitic affinities, including high Sr and low Y and Yb contents, high Sr/Y and La/Yb ratios, and high Mg# (higher than pure crustal melts). These porphyries have initial ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios of 0.7044?0.7047, ?_Nd(T) values of –1.5 to?+0.6, and ?_Hf(T) (in situ zircon) values of?+2.6 to?+4.6. They show unusually radiogenic Pb isotopic compositions with initial ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb ratios up to 18.41 and ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb up to 15.61. These isotopic compositions are distinctly different from either Pacific MORB or Yangtze lower crust but are similar to the subducting sediments in the western Pacific trenches. Detailed elemental and isotopic data suggest that the Dexing porphyries were emplaced in a continental arc setting coupled with westward subduction of the palaeo-Pacific plate. Partial melting involved the subducted slab (mainly the overlying sediments), with generated melts interacting with the lithospheric mantle wedge, thereby forming the investigated high-K calc-alkaline porphyry magmas.     

西藏中冈底斯成矿带查个勒铅锌矿床含矿斑岩年代学及其地质意义

查个勒铅锌矿床是西藏中冈底斯成矿带中段新发现的一个大型斑岩-矽卡岩型矿床,但其成岩成矿时代一直缺乏年代学约束。本文对该矿床含矿斑岩进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年、辉钼矿Re-Os定年、主量和微量元素分析及Sr-Nd-Hf同位素组成研究,获得中冈底斯成矿带中段铜钼铅锌银矿化时代。含矿斑岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为64.6~62.9 Ma,代表岩浆的结晶年龄;辉钼矿Re-Os等时线年龄为(62.3±1.4)Ma,代表查个勒主成矿年龄,与其构造岩浆事件一致;结合区域林子宗群大规模火山活动(65~45 Ma)以及以亚贵拉铅锌矿床(68.6~ 65.0 Ma)为代表的成矿作用,表明在印度与欧亚大陆主碰撞过程中均可产生不同规模的成矿作用。查个勒含矿斑岩具富硅、富钾,贫钛、贫磷特征,铝饱和指数(A/CNK)为1.12 ~ 1.60,富集大离子亲石元素Rb、Th、U,亏损高场强元素Nb、Zr等,与冈底斯成熟大陆地壳物质相比具相对高的ε_Nd(t)值(-6.64 ~ -5.79)和相对低的(⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_i值(0.711 813~0.717 307),并具不均一的锆石ε_Hf(t)值(-7.02~-1.27)以及古老的锆石Hf同位素地壳模式年龄(T^C_DM=1 093~1 419 Ma),属于过铝质S型花岗岩类。本文认为中冈底斯成矿带中段古新世岩浆活动和成矿作用,很可能与雅鲁藏布江洋盆闭合之后的印-亚大陆碰撞诱发幔源岩浆底侵导致的冈底斯地体古老地壳物质部分熔融有关,岩浆在上升过程中有不同程度的分离结晶。     

Origin of the Yinshan epithermal-porphyry Cu–Au–Pb–Zn–Ag deposit,southeastern China: insights from geochemistry,Sr–Nd and zircon U–Pb–Hf–O isotopes

The Yinshan deposit is a large epithermal-porphyry polymetallic deposit, and the timing and petrogenesis of ore-hosting porphyries have been hotly debated. We present new results from geochemical, whole-rock Sr–Nd and zircon U–Pb–Hf–O isotopic investigations. Zircon U–Pb data demonstrate that the quartz porphyry, dacitic porphyry, and quartz dioritic porphyry formed at ?172.2 ± 0.4 Ma, ?171.7 ± 0.5 Ma, and ?170.9 ± 0.3 Ma, respectively. Inherited zircon cores show significant age spreads from ?730 to ?1390 Ma. Geochemically, they are high-K calc-alkaline or shoshonitic rocks with arc-like trace element patterns. They have similar whole-rock Nd and zircon Hf isotopic compositions, yet an increasing trend in ?_Nd(t) and ?_Hf(t) values typifies the suite. Older (inherited) zircons of the three porphyries display Hf compositions comparable to those of the Jiangnan Orogen basement rocks. In situ zircon oxygen isotopic analyses reveal that they have similar oxygen isotopic compositions, which are close to those of mantle zircons. Moreover, a decreasing trend of δ¹⁸O values is present. We propose that the ore-related porphyries of the Yinshan deposit were emplaced contemporaneously and derived from partial melting of Neoproterozoic arc-derived mafic (or ultra-mafic) rocks. Modelling suggests that the quartz porphyries, dacitic porphyries, and quartz dioritic porphyries experienced ?25%, ?10%, and ?10% crustal contaminations by Shuangqiaoshan rocks. Our study provides important constraints on mantle–crust interaction in the genesis of polymetallic mineralization associated with Mesozoic magmatism in southeastern China.     

Magmatic evolution of the Tuwu–Yandong porphyry Cu belt,NW China: Constraints from geochronology,geochemistry and Sr–Nd–Hf isotopes

The Tuwu–Yandong porphyry Cu belt is located in the Eastern Tianshan mountains in the eastern Central Asian Orogenic Belt. Petrochemical and geochronological data for intrusive and volcanic rocks from the Tuwu and Yandong deposits are combined with previous studies to provide constraints on their petrogenesis and tectonic affinity. New LA–ICP–MS zircon U–Pb ages of 348.3 ± 6.0 Ma, 339.3 ± 2.2 Ma, 323.6 ± 2.5 Ma and 324.1 ± 2.3 Ma have been attained from intrusive units associated with the deposits, including diorite, plagiogranite porphyry, quartz albite porphyry and quartz porphyry, respectively. The basalt and andesite, which host part of the Cu mineralization, are tholeiitic with high Al₂O₃, Cr, Ni and low TiO₂ contents, enriched LREEs and negative HFSE (Nb, Ta, Zr, Ti) anomalies consistent with arc magmas. Diorites are characterized by low SiO₂ content but high MgO, Cr and Ni contents, similar to those of high-Mg andesites. The parental magma of the basalt, andesite and diorite is interpreted to have been derived from partial melting of mantle-wedge peridotite that was previously metasomatized by slab melts. The ore-bearing plagiogranite porphyry is characterized by high Na₂O, Sr, Cr and Ni contents, low Y and Yb contents, low Na₂O/K₂O ratios and high Sr/Y ratios and high Mg#, suggesting an adakitic affinity. The high ε_Nd(t) (5.02–9.16), low I_Sr (0.703219–0.704281) and high ε_Hf(t) (8.55–12.99) of the plagiogranite porphyry suggest they were derived by a partial melting of the subducted oceanic crust followed by adakitic melt-mantle peridotite interaction. The quartz albite porphyry and quartz porphyry are characterized by similar Sr–Nd–Hf isotope but lower Mg# and whole-rock (La/Yb)_N ratios to the plagiogranite porphyry, suggesting they were derived from juvenile lower crust, and negative Eu anomalies suggest fractionation of plagioclase. We propose that a flat subduction that started ca. 340 Ma and resulted in formation of the adakitic plagiogranite porphyry after a period of “steady” subduction, and experienced slab rollback at around 323 Ma.     

Geochemistry, U-Pb Geochronology and Sr-Nd-Hf Isotopes of the Early Cretaceous Volcanic Rocks in the Northern Da Hinggan Mountains

Whole-rock geochemical, zircon U-Pb geochronological and Sr-Nd-Hf isotopic data are presented for the Early Cretaceous volcanic rocks from the northern Da Hinggan Mountains. The volcanic rocks generally display high SiO2(73.19–77.68 wt%) and Na2O+K2O(6.53–8.98 wt%) contents, with enrichment in Rb, Th, U, Pb and LREE, and depletion in Nb, Ta, P and Ti. Three rhyolite samples, one rhyolite porphyry sample, and one volcanic breccia sample yield weighted mean 206Pb/238 U ages of 135.1±1.2 Ma, 116.5±1.1 Ma, 121.9±1.0 Ma, 118.1±0.9 Ma and 116.9±1.4 Ma, respectively. All these rocks have moderate(87Sr/86Sr)i values of 0.704912 to 0.705896, slightly negative εNd(t) values of –1.4 to –0.1, and positive εHf(t) values of 3.7 to 8. Their zircon Hf and whole-rock Nd isotopic model ages range from 594 to 1024 Ma. These results suggest that the Early Cretaceous volcanic rocks were originated from melting of subducted oceanic crust and associated sediments during the closure of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean.     

Geochronology and geochemistry of the Donglufang porphyry-skarn Mo-Cu deposit in the southern Yidun Terrane and their geological significances

The newly-discovered Donglufang Moe Cu porphyry-skarn deposit is located in the southern Yidun Terrane, southeast Tibet, with more than 80 million tonnes(Mt) of reserves(grading 0.15 wt.% Mo and0.48 wt.% Cu) hosted in Triassic strata and Late Cretaceous granodiorite porphyry. Ree Os dating of molybdenum ore yielded a weighted mean age of 84.9 ± 1.0 Ma and an isochron age of 85.2 ± 0.6 Ma.LA-ICP-MS Ue Pb dating of zircons from the granodiorite porphyry yielded206 Pb/238 U ages ranging from 87.4 Ma to 84.2 Ma with a weighted mean206 Pb/238 U age of 85.1 ±0.5 Ma, indicating a temporal linkage between granitic magmatism and Moe Cu mineralization. Geochemical analyses show that the granodiorite porphyries are I-type granites with Si O_2 contents of 64.3 -66.7 wt.%. These rocks are typically metaluminous with high K_2 O/Na_2 O ratios, low Mg O(1.32 -1.56 wt.%), Cr(5.6 -12.9 ppm), Ni(3.79 -10.81 ppm), Mg#(43 -52) values, and high Sr(304 -844 ppm), Sr/Y(21.2 -50.8) and La/Yb ratios(37.0 -60.1). They are enriched in light rare-earth elements(LREE) relative to heavy rare-earth elements(HREE), with slightly negative Eu anomalies, and are enriched in Th, U and large ion lithophile elements(LILE, e.g., K and Rb), and depleted in high field strength elements(HFSE, e.g., Nb, Ta, P and Ti). They also show negative zircon εHf(t) values(-6.7 to -2.3) and negative whole rock εNd(t) values(à5.2 to-4.3), as well as old Hfe Nd model ages, indicating the magmas were derived from a thickened ancient lower crust within the garneteamphibolite facies. Considering the tectonic evolution of the Yidun Terrane, geochemical characteristics of granodiorite porphyry, and the ages of mineralization obtained in this study. We suggest that the Donglufang deposit was formed in a post-collisional setting, which has a genetic relationship with the emplacement of the granodiorite porphyry. The present study provide key information for the exploration of the Late Cretaceous metallogeny in the Yidun Terrane.     

东昆仑五龙沟地区猴头沟二长花岗岩年龄、成因、源区及其构造意义

对东昆仑造山带五龙沟地区的猴头沟二长花岗岩开展了详细的岩相学、地球化学、锆石U-Pb年龄及Hf同位素的分析测试和研究工作。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年表明,猴头沟二长花岗岩的²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U加权平均年龄值为(419.0±1.9)Ma,属于晚志留世。岩石地球化学数据表明:猴头沟二长花岗岩属于高钾钙碱性系列的A₂型花岗岩,富SiO₂、K₂O、Y(>33×10^-6)和Yb,贫Al₂O₃和Sr(<100×10^-6),具有强烈的负铕异常;Rb、Th、U、La、Ce、Nd相对富集,Nb、Ta、Ba、Sr、P、Ti亏损。锆石的Hf同位素研究表明,其ε_Hf(t)值为0.2~5.1,对应二阶段模式年龄(T_DM2)为1066~1371 Ma,由此推测花岗岩源区来自中元古代镁铁质下地壳部分熔融。微量元素及其特征比值的构造判别图解表明,猴头沟二长花岗岩形成于早古生代晚志留世东昆仑造山旋回的造山后伸展阶段。据此认为,原特提斯洋在东昆仑地区的最晚闭合时限应该不晚于晚志留世末期(~419 Ma),而不是前人认为的早泥盆世。     

Petrogenesis of Cretaceous igneous rocks from the Duolong porphyry Cu–Au deposit,central Tibet: evidence from zircon U–Pb geochronology,petrochemistry and Sr–Nd–Pb–Hf isotope characteristics

The Duolong porphyry Cu–Au deposit (5.4 Mt at 0.72% Cu, 41 t at 0.23 g/t Au) was recently discovered in the southern Qiangtang terrane, central Tibet. Here, new whole‐rock elemental and Sr–Nd–Pb isotope and zircon Hf isotopic data of syn‐ and post‐ore volcanic rocks and barren and ore‐bearing granodiorite porphyries are presented for a reconstruction of magmas associated with Cu–Au mineralization. LA–ICP–MS zircon U–Pb dating yields mean ages of 117.0 ± 2.0 and 120.9 ± 1.7 Ma for ore‐bearing granodiorite porphyry and 105.2 ± 1.3 Ma for post‐ore basaltic andesite. All the samples show high‐K calc‐alkaline compositions, with enrichment of light rare earth elements (LREE) and large ion lithophile elements (LILE: Cs and Rb) and depletion of high field strength elements (HFSE: Nb and Ti), consistent with the geochemical characteristics of arc‐type magmas. Syn‐ and post‐ore volcanic rocks show initial Sr ratios of 0.7045–0.7055, ε_Nd(t) values of −0.8 to 3.6, (²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb)_t ratios of 18.408–18.642, (²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb)_t of 15.584–15.672 and positive zircon ε_Hf(t) values of 1.3–10.5, likely suggesting they dominantly were derived from metasomatized mantle wedge and contaminated by southern Qiangtang crust. Compared to mafic volcanic rocks, barren and ore‐bearing granodiorite porphyries have relatively high initial Sr isotopic ratios (0.7054–0.7072), low ε_Nd(t) values (−1.7 to −4.0), similar Pb and enriched zircon Hf isotopic compositions [ε_Hf(t) of 1.5–9.7], possibly suggesting more contribution from southern Qiangtang crust. Duolong volcanic rocks and granodiorite porphyries likely formed in a continental arc setting during northward subduction of the Bangong–Nujiang ocean and evolved at the base of the lower crust by MASH (melting, assimilation, storage and homogenization) processes. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.