吉林延边地区浅成热液金(铜)矿床的~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar激光探针测年与成矿时代讨论

延边地区是中国东北部陆缘浅成热液金铜矿床发育的地区之一,广泛发育着浅成热液金矿床、中温热液金(铜)矿床和中深成中高温热液富金铜矿床(类斑岩型);富金铜矿床的成矿时代发生在105～102 Ma,为了进一步确定浅成热液金矿床与中深成中高温热液富金铜矿床的成矿动力学背景,采用流体包裹体的~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar激光探针定年法,对该区典型浅成热液金矿床进行了精细的年代学测定,获得刺猬沟金矿床、五星山金矿床和杜荒岭金矿床的脉石矿物石英流体包裹体的~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar等时线年龄分别为(141±7)Ma、(123±7)Ma和(107±6)Ma,其中刺猬沟金矿床((141±7)Ma)和五星山金矿床((123±7)Ma)的脉石矿物石英流体包裹体含有过剩放射性成因~(40)Ar,而杜荒岭金矿床((107±6)Ma)的脉石矿物石英流体包裹体几乎不含或含极少量过剩放射性成因~(40)Ar。结合最新获得的相关地质体的精细年代学成果,认定该区浅成热液金矿床成矿作用均发生在早白垩世晚期,或发生在早白垩世晚期火山喷发、浅成岩浆就位之后,其形成环境与富金铜矿床一致,为古太平洋板块向亚洲大陆正北向俯冲转入Izanagi-Farallon板块西向俯冲的构造转换期。     

南岭中段主要锡矿床He、Ar同位素组成及其意义

对南岭中段主要锡矿床的黄铁矿等进行了流体包裹体的He、Ar同位素研究。结果表明,成矿流体的⁴⁰Ar/³⁶Ar≈288～371,³He/⁴He≈0.09～28.58Ra ,不同地区流体包裹体He、Ar浓度变化较大,而在同一地区⁴⁰Ar/³⁶Ar、³He/⁴He值比较一致;⁴⁰Ar/³⁶Ar值介于大气饱和水(包括大气降水和海水)的同位素组成（⁴⁰Ar/³⁶Ar≈295.5）和夏威夷热点（⁴⁰Ar/³⁶Ar=350～360）之间,³He/⁴He值大大高于大陆地壳特征值（³He/⁴He≈0.03Ra）,介于地壳特征值与原始地幔特征值（³He/⁴He≈8.57Ra）和夏威夷热点特征值（³He/⁴He≈27.14Ra）之间,表明成矿流体与地幔柱的活动有关,为地幔、地壳和大气水的混合产物,以地幔流体为主。这一结果为南岭地区锡多金属矿床为壳幔相互作用的产物及区域地幔柱的存在提供了新证据。     

江西茜坑锂矿床地质地球化学特征与锂云母40Ar/39Ar年代学研究

茜坑锂矿床是近年来新探明的大型锂矿床。锂矿主要产出于白（锂）云母花岗岩中,云母为锂矿最主要的赋存矿物。对茜坑花岗岩进行了矿床地质、地球化学和⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar年代学硏究。研究表明,白（锂）云母花岗岩具有富硅、富碱、强过铝质、贫镁铁、富成矿元素、高挥发分、高分异的地球化学特征,稀土总量低(ΣREE平均值为3.41×10^-6),Eu具强烈负异常,稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分曲线具有明显的M型四分组效应,属（高）分异S型花岗岩。锂云母⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar坪年龄为（139.09±0.56） Ma,等时线年龄为（138.45±1.11） Ma,成岩成矿时代为早白垩世,处于扬子板块与华夏板块碰撞后陆内造山挤压至伸展过渡初期。     

云南墨江镍金矿床富金石英脉的40Ar/39Ar快中子活化年龄

云南墨江镍金矿床富金石英脉石英的⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar快中子活化年龄谱为马鞍形,坪年龄为93±3Ma,对应的等时线年龄为90±3 Ma,最低视年龄为91±1 Ma,3者在误差范围内接近,最低视年龄(91±1 Ma)代表石英的结晶年龄.     

柴北缘锡铁山印支期热液活动：来自榴闪岩石榴子石和石英脉真空击碎40Ar/39Ar年代学证据

为了示踪锡铁山超高压变质岩折返到浅部地壳后遭受后期热液流体叠加的年代及流体来源，首次采用真空击碎提取流体包裹体和粉末阶段加热⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar测年技术，对区内强退变质榴辉岩中的石榴子石与围岩片麻岩中接触部位的石英脉进行直接定年.石榴子石和石英都形成了单调递减的阶梯状表观年龄图谱.石榴子石真空击碎19至25阶段(末阶段)数据点构成平坦的年龄坪，对应的数据点在³⁶Ar/⁴⁰Ar-³⁹Ar/⁴⁰Ar图解上形成相关性很好的反等时线，等时年龄(222.6±16.7 Ma)与坪年龄(226.3±3.9 Ma)在误差范围内一致.真空击碎后的粉末进一步进行了分步加热分析(450～950°C共6阶段)，获得了相对平坦的表观年龄图谱，对应坪年龄(212.0±9.0 Ma)和反等时线年龄(212.1±8.1 Ma)非常一致.石英脉09NQ39B则由19～29阶段数据点构成年龄坪，对应的坪年龄为222.8±1.2 Ma.榴辉岩中的石榴子石和石英脉同时记录了锡铁山地区印支晚期一期重...     

黑龙江宁安英城子热液金矿床流体包裹体的氩同位素激光探针定年与成矿时代讨论

英城子金矿床产于张广才岭岩浆构造带内早古生代花岗岩岩体内部的韧脆性剪切带中,矿体由花岗质糜棱片岩、含硫化物石英脉和纯硫化物脉组成,赋矿围岩为晚奥陶世黑云母二长花岗岩。对含金石英脉中石英流体包裹体进行的40Ar/39Ar激光探针定年结果表明:实验室给定的等时线年龄为207±5.5Ma(40Ar/36Ar Int.=410±11,MSWD=44,n=31),剔除相对误差较大的数据点,运用Isoplot程序拟合的等时线年龄为248±39Ma(40Ar/36Ar Int.=344±54,MSWD=0.37,Probability=0.99)。结合区域构造热事件的发育状况,初步确定该矿床的成矿作用发生在晚二叠世末向早三叠世转化阶段或东段的兴蒙造山运动过程。     

大兴安岭北部砂宝斯金矿床含金石英脉 40Ar/39Ar年龄及其构造意义

砂宝斯金矿床是大兴安岭北部唯一一个大型岩金矿床。本文应用石英真空击碎和阶段加热40Ar/39Ar定年技术,首次获得了砂宝斯金矿床的成矿年龄。石英真空击碎40Ar/39Ar定年方法获得了石英脉中原生包裹体等时线年龄为130.1±1.3 Ma;石英粉末阶段加热40Ar/39Ar定年方法获得石英脉中钾长石微晶的等时线年龄为133.1±3.5 Ma。石英脉中原生包裹体和钾长石微晶的年龄较吻合,~130 Ma代表了含金石英脉的形成年龄。砂宝斯金矿床的成矿时代为早白垩世,形成于蒙古-鄂霍茨克造山带后碰撞阶段的挤压向伸展转换期。     

柴北缘锡铁山地体花岗质片麻岩退变质作用和40Ar/39Ar年代学研究及其地质意义

本文对柴达木盆地北缘锡铁山地区含榴辉岩透镜体花岗质片麻岩进行了系统的矿物学、相平衡模拟以及黑云母和石英⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar年代学研究,旨在查明花岗质片麻岩在加里东超高压变质之后,折返过程中发生角闪岩-绿片岩相退变质作用的变质条件和变质年代。矿物学和相平衡模拟显示,发育变形石英细脉的黑云母花岗质片麻岩高角闪岩相变质矿物组合(M1)为黑云母+钾长石+斜长石+石英+金红石+矽线石+钛铁矿,对应变质条件为T>620℃,P>0.16GPa;低角闪岩相-绿片岩相变质矿物组合(M2)为黑云母+白云母+斜长石+微斜长石+石英+榍石±绿泥石,变质条件为T=390～420℃和P=0.10～0.19 GPa。花岗质片麻岩中黑云母激光阶段加热⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar定年获得了一个上升的阶梯状表观年龄图谱,在中高温阶段则形成了一个平坦的表观年龄坪,坪年龄为353.9±1.8 Ma,对应的等时线年龄为356.7±5.6 Ma。变形石英脉样品真空击碎提取流体包裹体⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar...     

诸广中段鹿井地区辉绿岩40Ar-39Ar年代学特征

诸广—贵东地区作为华南热液型铀矿最为重要的花岗岩型铀矿大型矿集区,区内发育了大量与铀矿化作用密切相关的基性岩脉。为了厘定区内基性岩年代学数据,更好地约束铀成矿时限,以诸广中段鹿井地区辉绿岩脉为研究对象,开展了⁴⁰Ar-³⁹Ar年代学研究。结果表明：辉绿岩全岩⁴⁰Ar-³⁹Ar同位素年龄为（171.7±1.6）、（169.1±3.8）Ma,反映鹿井地区在中侏罗世（约170 Ma）发生了一次岩石圈伸展裂解作用。诸广—贵东地区至少存在200、170、140、105和90 Ma 5期基性岩浆活动,195、165、125、90、75和55 Ma 6期铀成矿事件,成矿热液往往紧随每次区域性玄武岩事件之后（5~20 Ma）,铀成矿与以辉绿岩墙为代表的区域玄武岩事件有紧密的时间、空间和成因联系。辉绿岩脉与成矿构造上的关联性以及来源于地幔的深部岩浆浅部表现形式的成因特点,决定了其可以为铀成矿提供一定的挥发分（矿化剂）和后期铀沉淀富集场所,提高成矿热液对铀的携带能力,进而促进铀的成矿作用。     

激光Ar/Ar微区定年的应用及展望

⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar定年中,存在一些使用传统的大样逐步升温技术难以处理的难题,如变质及沉积岩样品常含有多期次矿物而难以获得理想结果,过剩Ar在样品中的分布以及来源问题一直难以有效解决,根据缓慢冷却钾长石的⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar年龄谱提出的热演化模型也因为Ar在矿物中扩散机制的不明确性而不断受到质疑。20世纪90年代将紫外激光（UV-laser）成功引入⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar年代学分析后,为解决这些难题提供了一种思路。借助激光微区     

祁漫塔格韧性剪切带中绢云母40Ar-39Ar定年及地质意义

祁漫塔格韧性剪切带是祁漫塔格蛇绿混杂岩带与北昆仑岩浆弧的区域主构造边界,对剪切带内花岗质糜棱岩中绢云母40Ar-39 Ar法年龄测定,获得了(271.1±2.2) Ma的坪年龄,相应的36Ar/40 Ar-39 Ar/40 Ar反等时线年龄为(270.5±3.7)Ma (MSWD=2.7),39Ar/36 Ar-40 Ar/35 Ar正等时线年龄为(270.9±4.7) Ma (MSWD=0.22);坪年龄(271.1±2.2) Ma接近于绢云母矿物的形成年龄,也代表了祁漫塔格韧性剪切带的形成年龄.通过韧性剪切变形带内运动学特征的研究,表明剪切带具有右旋斜冲的性质.祁漫塔格韧性剪切带的形成与古特提斯洋的俯冲作用有关,是古特提斯洋向北俯冲造山过程的远程效应.     

Very fast exhumation of high-pressure metamorphic rocks with excess Ar and inherited Sr, Betic Cordilleras, southern Spain

In order to attempt to further constrain the age of the early Alpine tectonic evolution of the Mulhacén Complex and to explore the influence of inherited isotopes, micas from a small number of well-characterised rocks from the Sierra de los Filábres, with a penetrative tectonic fabric related to the exhumation of eclogite-facies metamorphic rocks, were selected for ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar and Rb–Sr dating.

A single phengite grain from an amphibolite yielded an ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar laser step heating plateau age of 86.9±1.2 Ma (2σ; 70% ³⁹Ar released) and an inverse isochron age of 86.2±2.4 Ma with an ³⁶Ar/⁴⁰Ar intercept within error of the atmospheric value. Induction furnace step heating of a biotite separate from a gabbro relic in an eclogite yielded a weighted mean age of 173.2±6.3 Ma (2σ; 95% ³⁹Ar released). These ages are diagnostic of excess argon (⁴⁰Ar_XS) incorporation, as they are older than independent age estimates for the timing of eclogite-facies metamorphism and intrusion of the gabbros. ⁴⁰Ar_XS incorporation probably resulted from restricted fluid mobility in the magmatic rocks during their metamorphic recrystallisation.

Rb–Sr whole-rock–phengite ages of graphite-bearing mica schists from Paleozoic rocks (Secano unit) show a dramatic variation (66.1±3.2, 40.6±2.6 and 14.1±2.2 Ma). An albite chlorite mica schist from the Mesozoic series of the Nevado–Lubrín unit has a whole-rock–mica–albite age of 17.2±1.9 Ma, which is within error of an ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar plateau age published previously and of the youngest Rb–Sr age of the Paleozoic series obtained in this study. The significant spread in Rb–Sr ages implies that progressive partial resetting of an older isotopic system has occurred. The microstructure of the samples with pre-Miocene Rb–Sr ages reveals incomplete recrystallisation of white mica and inhibited grain growth due to the presence of graphite particles. This interpretation agrees with previously published, disturbed and slightly dome-shaped ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar age spectra that may point similarly to the presence of an older isotope component. The progressively reset Rb–Sr system is a relic of Variscan metamorphism of the Paleozoic series of the Mulhacén Complex. In contrast, the origin of the ca. 17.2 Ma old sample from the Mesozoic series precludes any isotopic inheritance, in agreement with its pervasive tectono-metamorphic recrystallisation during the Miocene.

Exhumation of the eclogite-facies Mulhacén Complex occurred in two stages with contrasting rates of about 22.5 mm/year during the early phase and 9–10 mm/year during the late phase; the latter with a cooling rate in the order of 330 °C/Ma.     

辽宁阜新排山楼金矿的40Ar/39Ar成矿年龄

排山楼大型金矿床产于辽西高级变质太古宙花岗岩-绿岩带中,受绿岩中、上部层位的基性-中酸性火山岩系和东西向韧性剪切带控制。容矿岩石主要是变质安山质-英安质火山岩类。为解决主矿体的形成时代,选取含金石英细脉浸染状矿石中的石英测定了⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar年龄为2105.2±10.4Ma。谱线特征为马鞍型,其底坪年龄为石英的结晶年龄。由此提出排山楼金矿的成因主要与吕梁期的东西向韧性剪切带有关。     

Ar–Ar age determinations of eclogitic clinopyroxene and garnet inclusions in diamonds from the Venetia and Orapa kimberlites

Ar–Ar age measurements are reported for selected eclogitic clinopyroxene and garnet inclusions in Orapa diamonds and clinopyroxene inclusions in Venetia diamonds. Laser drilling of encapsulated clinopyroxene inclusions within Venetia diamonds released a maximum of 3% of the total ⁴⁰Ar, indicating little diffusive transfer and storage of radiogenic ⁴⁰Ar at the diamond–inclusion boundary. Apparent ages obtained during stepped heating of three diamonds are consistent with diamond crystallisation occurring just prior to the kimberlite eruption 520 Ma ago. Stepped heating of three clinopyroxene-bearing Orapa diamonds gave ages of 906–1032 Ma, significantly above the eruption age, but consistent with previously determined isotopic ages. A few higher apparent ages hint at the presence an older generation of Orapa diamonds that formed >2500 Ma ago. Orapa garnets also contain measurable K contents, and record a range of ages between 1000 and 2500 Ma. The old apparent ages and lack of significant interface ⁴⁰Ar released by the laser probe, suggests that pre-eruption radiogenic ⁴⁰Ar and mantle-derived ⁴⁰Ar components are trapped in microinclusions within the pyroxene and garnet inclusions.     

Strain partitioning and preservation of Ar/Ar ages during Variscan exhumation of a subducted crust (Malpica–Tui complex, NW Spain)

The Malpica–Tui complex (NW Iberian Massif) consists of a Lower Continental Unit of variably deformed and recrystallized granitoids, metasediments and sparse metabasites, overridden by an upper unit with rocks of oceanic affinities. Metamorphic minerals dated by the ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar method record a coherent temporal history of progressive deformation during Variscan metamorphism and exhumation. The earliest stages of deformation (D1) under high-pressure conditions are recorded in phengitic white micas from eclogite-facies rocks at 365–370 Ma. Following this eclogite-facies peak-metamorphism, the continental slab became attached to the overriding plate at deep-crustal levels at ca. 340–350 Ma (D2). Exhumation was accompanied by pervasive deformation (D3) within the continental slab at ca. 330 Ma and major deformation (D4) in the underlying para-autochthon at 315–325 Ma. Final tectonothermal evolution included late folding, localized shearing and granitic intrusions at 280–310 Ma.

Dating of high-pressure rocks by the ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar method yields ages that are synchronous with published Rb–Sr and Sm–Nd ages obtained for both the Malpica–Tui complex and its correlative, the Champtoceaux complex in the French Armorican Massif. The results indicate that phengitic white mica retains its radiogenic argon despite been subjected to relatively high temperatures (500–600 °C) for a period of 20–30 My corresponding to the time-span from the static, eclogite-facies M1 peak-metamorphism through D1-M2 eclogite-facies deformation to amphibolite-facies D2-M3. Our study provides additional evidence that under certain geological conditions (i.e., strain partitioning, fluid deficiency) argon isotope mobility is limited at high temperatures, and that ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar geochronology can be a reliable method for dating high pressure metamorphism.     

黔东桂北加里东期两类构造变形特征与成因机制探讨

早古生代加里东运动造成华南强烈的构造变形,此次构造运动在黔东桂北地区主要表现为都匀运动和广西运动两幕。综合构造变形与沉积环境的研究认为,都匀运动作为局部的构造运动在凯里-三都断裂以西的黔中南地区影响明显;广西运动源于扬子地块和华夏地块沿江山-绍兴断裂带陆内挤压作用,形成自南东向北西的挤压应力的远程效应,向NW影响的范围止于凯里-三都断裂带。两幕构造运动在时空格局联合影响下形成了以断裂为界的两类构造特征：断裂以西主要受都匀运动的影响,发育EW向平缓褶皱、正断层等构造;断裂以东主要受广西运动的影响,发育NE向的褶皱、剪切带等构造。采自高武地区NE向韧性剪切带中的样品,其白云母⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar测年坪年龄为(416.4±1.8) Ma,等时线年龄为(417.7±1.8) Ma;采自黎平地区NE向劈理带中的样品,其绢云母⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar测年坪年龄为(426.5±2.3) Ma,等时线年龄为(437±10) Ma,这些变形年龄代表了广西构造运动发生的时限。     

粤北梅子窝钨矿区隐伏花岗闪长岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄与~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar成矿年龄及其地质意义

梅子窝钨矿位于粤北瑶岭—梅子窝钨矿带的东部,成矿作用同期形成白云母的40Ar/39Ar年龄为(155.9±0.6)Ma,与华南中生代燕山期大规模W,Sn成矿作用的年龄一致,代表梅子窝钨矿的成矿年龄。矿床下部600m中段附近出现的隐伏黑云母花岗闪长岩体的锆石SHRIMPU-Pb年龄为(430.4±3.6)Ma,为加里东期,与成矿作用无关。因此,矿区不存在前人提出的两套叠加的"五层楼"成矿模式。成矿年龄与隐伏花岗闪长岩的年龄显示梅子窝钨矿的形成可能与更深部的隐伏燕山期花岗岩有关,矿床向深部可能延伸更大。     

雅鲁藏布江缝合带造山型金矿床成矿流体特征:来自He-A r同位素的约束

雅鲁藏布江缝合带造山型金成矿带是近些年来在青藏高原新确立的碰撞造山型金成矿带,成矿流体是一套CO₂-H₂O-NaCl-CH₄-N₂体系,以变质水为主。为探讨地幔组分对成矿的影响,本文选取雅鲁藏布江缝合带内邦布矿床和念扎矿床两个大型的造山型金矿为研究对象,对与成矿相关的黄铁矿及胶黄铁矿进行He-Ar同位素分析。结果显示,邦布矿床含金石英脉中黄铁矿中流体包裹体的He和Ar的浓度变化范围较窄,³He/⁴He为0.59~0.70 Ra,40Ar/36Ar为365.1~423.1;2件胶黄铁矿样品的³He/⁴He为0.11 Ra及0.19 Ra,⁴⁰Ar/³⁶Ar为302.1和305.9;念扎矿床石英-多金属硫化物脉中黄铁矿的³He/⁴He为0.27~0.60 Ra,⁴⁰Ar/³⁶Ar为370.2~1777.9。雅鲁藏布江造山型金成矿带中造山型金矿成矿流体为壳幔源混合流体,地壳端元主要为变质水,地幔组分在邦布金矿和念扎金矿中的贡献率分别为12.8%~15.2%和5.7%~13.0%;这与藏南拆离系中的金锑成矿作用明显不用,藏南拆离系中的金锑矿床成矿流体主要表现为改造型饱和大气水的特征,未有地幔组分的贡献。