河北唐山——卢龙地区寒武—奥陶系界线地层的牙形刺及其重要属种的 …

本文对唐山和卢龙地区寒武－奥陶系界线地层中的牙形刺再次进行研究，厘定了过去报道的一些重要属性，并对最具地层间意义的Ｃａｒｄｙｌｏｄｕｓ的几个种的演化进行了分析。指出了该属的两个进化系列，第一支进化系列是Ｅｏｃｏｎｏｄｏｎｔｕｓ ｎｏｔｃｈｐｅａｋｅｎｓｉｓ－Ｃｏｒｄｙｌｏｄｗｓ ｐｒｉｍｉｔｉｖｕｓ－Ｃ．ｐｒｏａｖｕｓ－Ｃ．ｃａｂｏｔｉ－Ｃ．ｉｎｔｅｒｍｅｄｉｕｓ－Ｃ．ａｎｇｕｌａｔｕｓ；而另一支     

Cordylodus proavus-Cordylodus lindstromi的线系进化

Ｃｏｒｄｙｌｏｄｕｓｌｉｎｄｓｔｒｏｍｉ不是从Ｃｏｒｄｙｌｏｄｕｓｉｎｔｅｒｍｅｄｉｕｓ进化而来，也不是从Ｃｏｒｄｙ－ｌｏｄｕｓｃａｂｏｔｉ演化来的，而是从Ｃｏｒｄｙｌｏｄｕｓｐｒｏａｖｕｓ直接进化的，中间经过两次突变Ｃ．ｐｒｏａｖｕｓｄｅｆｏｒｍｉｓｎ．ｓｕｂｓｐ．和Ｃ．ｐｒｏａｖｕｓａｍｂｉｇｕｕｓｎ．ｓｕｂｓｐ．，而达到Ｃ．ｐｒｏｌｉｎｄｓｔｒｏｍｉ，再由此而演化成Ｃ．ｌｉｎｄｓｔｒｏｍｉ。上述过程是在同一海侵期内，同一地区连续发生的线系进化。由此可见，标志奥陶系底界的Ｃ．ｌｉｎｄｓｔｒｏｍｉ的形成比奥陶纪初期海侵的开始要迟两个牙形石物种形成期     

Cordylodus proavus——Cordylodus lindstromi的线系进化

Ｃｏｒｄｙｏｌｄｕｓｌｉｎｄｓｔｒｏｍｉ不是从Ｃｏｒｄｙｌｏｄｕｓｉｎｔｅｒｍｅｄｉｕｍ进化而来，也不是从Ｃｏｒｄｙｌｏｄｕｓｃａｂｏｔｉ演化来的，而是从Ｃｏｒｄｙｌｏｄｕｓｐｒｏａｖｕｓ直接进化的，中间经过两次突变，Ｃ．ｐｒｏａｖｕｓｄｅｆｏｒｍｉｓｎ．ｓｕｂｓｐ．和Ｃ．ｐｒｏａｖｕｓａｍｂｉｇｕｕｓｎ，ｓｕｂｓｐ．而达到Ｃ．ｐｒｏｌｉｄｓｔｒｏｍｉ再由此而演化成Ｃ．ｌｉｎｄｓｔｒｏｍｉ。上述过     

依据胞石论英国兰多维列地区特列奇阶的底界

ｉｋｌａｅｎｓｉｓ－ｅｍｍａｓｔｅｎｓｉｓ胞石带可以与ｓｅｄｇｗｉｃｋｉ笔石带对比。根据ｉｋｌａｅｎｓｉｓ－ｅｍｍａｓｔｅｎ－ｓｉｓ胞石带的存在，表明英国兰多维列区ＣｅｆｎＣｅｒｉｇ公路剖面的腕足类Ｅｏｃｏｅｌｉａｉｎｔｅｒｍｅｄｉａ和Ｓｔｒｉｃｋｌａｎｄｉａｌｅｎｓ最高层位之上的地层，并不相当于ｔｕｒｉｃｕｌａｔｕｓ笔石带的底，按照定义，不是特列奇阶的底界。     

浙江长兴煤山二叠-三叠系界线层牙形石序列及其全球对比

在详细研究全球二叠－三叠系界线层候选剖面───中国浙江长兴煤山剖面Ｐ／Ｔ界线层牙形石动物群序列基础上，自下而上识别出４个牙形石带：（１）ＣｌａｒｋｉｎａｃｈａｎｇｘｉｎｇｅｎｓｉｓＣｌａｒｋｉｎａｄｅｆｌｅｃｔａ带；（２）Ｉｓａｒｃｉｃｅｌｌａｐａｒｖａ带；（３）Ｉｓａｒｃｉｃｅｌｌａｉｓａｒｃｉｃａ带；（４）ＣｌａｒｋｉｎａｃａｒｉｎａｔａＣｌａｒｋｉｎａｐｌａｎａｔａ带，并在第一带中划分出３个动物群，从下向上是：ＣｌａｒｋｉｎａｃｈａｎｇｚｉｎｇｅｎｓｉｓＣｌａｒｋｉｎａｄｅｆｌｅｃｔａ－Ｃｌａｒｋｉｎａｓｕｂｃａｒｉｎａｔａ动物群，Ｈｉｎｄｅｏｄｕｓｌａｔｉｄｅｎｔａｔｕｓ－Ｃｌａｒｋｉｎａｍｅｉｓｈａｎｅｎｓｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．动物群和Ｈｉｎｄｅｏｄｕｓｔｙｐｉｃａｌｉｓ动物群，煤山剖面二叠、三叠系界线层牙形石序列的建立、完善，对确立该剖面在全球二叠、三在系界线高精度对比中的标准地位具重要意义。     

江苏南部Z-8井高家边组胞石生物地层

通过对Ｚ－８井志留系高家边组地层中胞石的研究,共鉴定３属８种,从上到下共确立了Ｃｏｎｏｃｈｉｔｉｎａｔｒｕｎｃａｔａ带、Ｃ．ｒｏｓｉｃａ带和Ｂｕｒｓａｃｈｉｔｉｎａｒｅｃｔａｎｇｕｌａｒｉｓ带３个胞石带,进行了地层对比,并指出Ｃ．ｒｏｓｓｉｃａ带在本区高家边组地层中是首次发现。     

腾冲大硐厂早二叠世早期腕足类动物化石新成果

腾冲大硐厂早二叠世早期的地层称为观音山组。观音山组的Ｃｏｓｔｉｆｅｒｉｎａ－Ｗａａｇｅｎｉｔｅｓ腕足动物群含腕足类：Ｏｒｔｈｏｔｉｃｈｉａ ｉｎｄｉｃａ （Ｗａａｇｅｎ），Ｏ．ｉｎｃｉｓｉｖｅ（Ｗａａｇｅｎ），Ｏｒｔｈｏｔｅｔｅｓ ｐｉｃｔａ Ｆａｎｇ Ｄｅｒｂｙｉａ ｇｒａｎｄｉｓ ｗａａｇｅｎ Ｌｉｓｓｏｃｈｏｎｅｔｅｓ ａｍｂｉｅｎｓｉｓ （Ｗａａｇｅｎ），Ｃｈｏｎｅｔｉｎｅｌｌａ ｔｅｎｇ     

贵州扬子地层区晚三叠世双壳类生物地层

根据贞丰龙场，毕节青场等上三叠统剖面上双壳类的垂直分布：结合区域资料，对贵州扬子地区晚三叠世双壳类划分为８个生物地层。自上而上为：１．Ｈａｌｏｂｉ ｋｕｉ“Ｄａｎｅｌｌａ”ｂｉｆｕｒｃａｔａ组合带２．Ｈａｌｏｂｉａ ｒｕｇｏｓｏｉｄｅｓ延限带；３，Ｈａｌｏｂｉａｒｕｇｏｓｏｉｄｅｓ－Ｃｏｓｔａｔｏｒｉａ ｋｗｅｉｃｈａｗｅｎｓｉｓ间隔带；４，Ｃｏｓｔａｔｏｒｉａ ｋｗｅｉｃｈｏｗｅｎｓｉｓ延限带。     

陕西凤县石炭系牙形石组合及其时代

陕西凤县核桃坝剖面含２个牙形石组合，下组合为Ｇｎａｔｈｏｄｕｓｔｙｐｉｃｕｓｓ－Ｓｉｐｈｏｎｏｄｅｌｌａｃｆ．ｉｓｏｓｔｉｃｈａ组合，相当ｔｙｐｉｃｕｓ带和ｉｓｏｓｔｉｃｈａ－上ｃｒｅｎｕｌａｔａ带，属杜内阶；上组合为Ｉｄｉｏｇｎａｔｈｏｄｕｓｄｅｌｉｃａｔｕｓ－Ｎｅｏｇｏｎｄｏｌｅｌｌａｃｌａｒｋｉ组合，其时代为维斯发早期。本文共描述了１５个牙形石种，并讨论了Ｎ．ｃｌａｒｋｉ等３种的个体发育。     

匹配系数聚类分析在Pseudozaphrentis属分类中的应用

摘要：Ｐｓｅｕｄｏｚａｐｈｒｅｎｔｉｓ属分布广泛,有重要的地层意义,但关于其分类位置、范围及种的划分争论较大．本文在匹配系数统计分析的基础上,对Ｐｓｅｕｄｏｚａｐｈｒｅｎｔｉｓ属的下列３个方面予以讨论：１．探讨属之间的亲缘关系,确定属的分类位迂．Ｐｓｅｕｄｏｚａｐｈｒｅａｔｉｓ与相近属的对比表明其与Ｃｈａｒａｃｔｏｐｈｙｌｌｕｍ－属的匹配系数最高,它们之间的关系可能最为相近．因此把二者归入属以上的同一最低分类单元—Ｃｈａｒａｃｔｏｐｈｙｌｌｉｎａｅ亚科．２．确定属的范围．根据统计结果得到的代表性特征组简单而准确地定义属．３．合理地划分种．Ｐｓｅｕｄｏｚａｐｈｒｅａｔｉｓ－属可分为４个种：ＰｓｅｕｄｏｚａｐｈｒｅｎｔｉｓｄｉｆｆｉｃｉｌｅＳｕｎ,１９５８１;ＮｅｏｓｔｒｉｎｇｏｐｈｙｌｌｕｍｐｒｏｎｉｎｉＳｏｓｈｋｉｎａ,１９５１;Ｐｓｅｕｄｏｚａｐｈｒｅｎｔｉｓｃｆ．ｗａｎｇｃｈｅｎｐｏｅｎｓｉｓＹｕｅｔＬｉａｏｉｎＪｉｎｅｔａｌ．,１９８２;ＰｓｅｕｄｏｚａｐｈｎｙｔｉｓｘｉｐｉｎｇｓｈａｎｅｎｓｉｓＸ．Ｌ．Ｗａｎｇ,１９８７．     

贺兰山奥陶系研究的新进展

近年来,作者对贺兰山区奥陶系进行了岩石地层及生物地层学的研究,取得了新的进展。确证该区寒武系与奥陶系为连续沉积,对奥陶系进行了合理划分和时代厘定,初步建立了11个化石带或生物组合。该区是华北地台西缘奥陶系发育最好、生物地层研究最清楚的地区。根据沉积物及生物特征,确认本区中奥陶统为大陆边缘斜坡相沉积,浊流特征颇为典型。是研究斜坡沉积作用及其相模式、古构造古地理演化及其含矿性的理想地区。     

Cambrian Sequence Stratigraphy and Sea Level Cycles of North China Platform

ＴｈｅＮｏｒｔｈＣｈｉｎａｐｌａｔｆｏｒｍｉｓｏｎｅｏｆｔｈｅｍｏｓｔｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔｃｒａｔｏｎｉｃｂａｓｉｎｓｉｎＣｈｉｎａ．ＳｉｎｃｅｉｔｗａｓｕｐｌｉｆｔｅｄａｔｔｈｅｅａｒｌｙＮｅｏｐｒｏｔｅｒｏｚｏｉｃ,ｔｈｅｐｌａｔｆｏｒｍｈａｄｂｅ...     

Conodonts from the Cambrian–Ordovician boundary interval in the southeast margin of the Sichuan Basin,China

Conodonts from the Cambrian–Ordovician transition at the Liangcun section in Xishui County, Guizhou and at the Huangcao section in Wulong County, Chongqing are examined for the first time. Both sections are located at the southeast margin of the Sichuan Basin. A total of 1367 specimens were recovered, representing 30 species and 15 genera. Based on the ranges of conodonts generalized from these two sections and another six sections previously studied in the same region, three conodont zones, Cordylodus proavus, Monocostodus sevierensis and Cordylodus angulatus zones are recognized. The index species of the Cambrian–Ordovician boundary at the global stratotype section and point (GSSP), Iapetognathus fluctivagus and its substitute in China Iapetognathus jilinensis are not observed in the study sections, therefore it is impossible to determine the Cambrian–Ordovician boundary exactly. However, it probably lies within the lower part of M. sevierensis zone (the upper part of the Loushanguan Group), correlating with the GSSP in Canada and the Dayangcha section in China. Chronological sequences of the FAD (First Appearance Datum) of C. angulatus, Chosonodina herfurthi and Rossodus manitouensis are not obvious in the study, so the C. angulatus zone here is correlated with zones defined by C. angulatus, Ch. herfurthi and R. manitouensis in the lower Yangtze Platform.     

Discovery of Iapetognathus fauna from far western New South Wales: towards a more precisely defined Cambrian–Ordovician boundary in Australia

Conodont species Iapetognathus fluctivagus and Iapetonudus ibexensis are documented for the first time from Australia. The former is the primary marker internationally defining the base of the Ordovician, and the latter is also a distinctive species previously recorded only from the base of the Ordovician in North America. Both species were recovered from a single sample in the Kandie Tank Limestone of the Kayrunnera Group, located about 50 km west of White Cliffs in far western New South Wales. Other species recovered from this sample include Prooneotodus spp., Cordylodus lindstromi, Cordylodus proavus, Hirsutodontus simplex, Teridontus nakamurai and Variabiloconus sp. Recognition of the Iapetognathus fluctivagus Biozone in the Kandie Tank Limestone supports its correlation with the Green Point section (Global Stratigraphic Section and Point for the base of the Ordovician) in western Newfoundland and the Lawson Cove section of Utah (Auxiliary Stratigraphic Section and Point), as well as sections in Asia and South America. Review of other sections in Australia and elsewhere spanning the Cambrian–Ordovician boundary confirms that, in the absence of I. fluctivagus, the presence of C. lindstromi is a good proxy for this level.     

Conodont Biostratigraphy of the Middle Cambrian through Lowermost Ordovician in Hunan, South China

Since 1985, samples with a total weight of more than 14,000 kg, mainly from three key sections in western and northwestern Hunan, South China, have been processed for conodonts. In strata older than the late Late Cambrian paraconodonts have proved useful for stratigraphic subdivision and correlation. Thirteen conodont zones are proposed in the Middle Cambrian through lowermost Ordovician. The correlation between these zones and those of North China, western U. S.A., western Newfoundland, Canada, and Iran is discussed. In ascending order, these 13 zones are as follows: The Gapparodus bisulcatus-Westergaardodina brevidens Zone, Shandongodus priscus-Hunanognathus tricuspidatus Zone, Westergaardodina quadrata Zone, Westergaardodina matsushitai-W. grandidens Zone, Westergaardodina lui-W. am Zone, Westergaardodina cf. calix-Prooneotodus rotundatus Zone, Proconodontus tenuiserratus Zone, Proconodontus Zone, Eoconodontus Zone, Cordylodus proavus Zone, Cordylodus intermedius Zone, Cordylodus lindstromi Zone, and     

Carbon isotope composition of Upper Cambrian to Lower Ordovician carbonate in Korea,and its bearing on the Cambrian–Ordovician boundary and Lower Ordovician paleoceanography

This study presents an example of locating Cambrian–Ordovician boundary in the lower Paleozoic carbonate succession in Korea using carbon isotope stratigraphy. The Yeongweol Unit of the lower Paleozoic Joseon Supergroup comprises the Upper Cambrian Wagok Formation and the Lower Ordovician Mungok Formation in the Cambrian–Ordovician transition interval. Conventionally, the boundary was placed at the lithostratigraphic boundary between the two formations. This study reveals that the boundary is positioned in the basal part of the Mungok Formation based on the carbon isotope stratigraphy coupled with biostratigraphic information of conodont and trilobite faunas. The δ¹³C curve of the Lower Ordovician Mungok Formation shows a similar trend to that of the coeval stratigraphic interval of Argentine Precordillera (Buggisch et al., 2003), suggesting that the δ¹³C curve of the Mungok Formation reflects the Early Ordovician global carbon cycle.     

塔里木盆地原油的成因研究

对塔里木盆地原油和生油岩饱和烃进行ＧＣ－Ｃ－ＭＳ和ＧＣ－ＭＳ分析，利用单个正构烷烃碳同位素组成和三环萜烷分布特征进行油源对比，研究了塔里木盆地原油的油源问题；根据寒武—奥陶系富含菌藻有机质生油岩饱和烃色谱分析结果，对塔里木盆地海相原油含蜡较高的成因进行了探讨     

对香山群时代的商榷

分布于宁夏中部的香山群划分为1~4个未命名的亚群,第一亚群中的薄层灰岩所含的三叶虫Holocephalites punctatus Zhou,Olenoides ningxiacus Zhou,Peronopsis ovalis Zhou组合时代为中寒武世,牙形石Furnishina asymmetrica Müller,F.furnishi Müller为晚寒武世,指示第一亚群的时代为中—晚寒武世。牙形石Cordylodus proavus Müller和Oistodiform分子在第二亚群的发现表明这个亚群的时代最可能属于晚寒武世—早奥陶世。然而,整个香山群的精确时代仍不能完全确定,因为它的第三亚群和第四亚群不是化石稀缺就是不含化石。     

山东莱芜黄羊山晚寒武世牙形石组合及寒武系与奥陶系界线的确定

通过实测莱芜黄羊山晚寒武世地层剖面,利用牙形石确定了寒武系与奥陶系的界线;对长山阶的碳氧同位素曲线特征进行了分析,并与我国华南及哈萨克斯坦等国的寒武系芙蓉统底部的碳同位素曲线进行对比,建立了莱芜地区上寒武统与华南以及国外上寒武统的对比关系。