阿拉善地块性质和归属的再认识

阿拉善地块被认为是一个前寒武纪微陆块,其归属和演化历史长期存在争议。一部分学者认为其为华北克拉通的组成部分,是华北克拉通的西延;一部分学者认为与扬子或塔里木克拉通具有亲缘性;还有一些学者认为具有独立的地质演化历史。本文综合近年来阿拉善地块的研究进展,结合我们新的研究资料,梳理了阿拉善地块自新太古代到显生宙的岩石组成、构造热事件及年代格架,得出以下主要认识:1)阿拉善地块的早前寒武纪变质基底记录了2.7~3.0Ga陆壳生长、~2.5Ga TTG岩浆-变质事件,2.0~2.3Ga岩浆事件,以及1.9~1.95Ga和1.80~1.85Ga两期重要的变质事件,具有与华北克拉通相似的岩石组成和地壳演化历史;2)阿拉善地块发育与华北克拉通相似的中-新元古代沉积岩系,其碎屑锆石具有来源华北克拉通本身的物源区特征,反映出阿拉善地块直到中元古代-新元古代早期仍可能是华北克拉通的一部分;3)阿拉善地块显生宙的多期岩浆-构造-变质事件可能主要是中亚造山带早古生代以来造山作用的响应,而不是阿拉善地块与华北克拉通碰撞的产物。从奥陶纪到早二叠世,阿拉善地块可能处在古亚洲洋向南俯冲的活动大陆边缘环境;4)河西走廊-贺兰山南部早古生代沉积岩系(大黄山群和香山群)不属于阿拉善地块,而是祁连造山带的组成部分,其碎屑锆石组成和代表的物源特征不能作为阿拉善地块与华北克拉通在早古生代彼此分离的证据。     

阿拉善地块南缘龙首山东段“龙首山岩群”的再厘定——来自碎屑锆石U-Pb定年的证据

龙首山东段滑石口井地区存在一套浅变质的沉积岩系,原被认为属于古元古代“龙首山岩群”.本文取自这套变沉积岩系的2件样品的碎屑锆石年龄范围介于0.52～3.56 Ga之间,与相邻的寒武系大黄山群碎屑锆石年龄谱相似,其时代可能为中、晚寒武世.取自原“龙首山岩群”和寒武系大黄山群的3件变沉积岩样品中,共获得129个谐和的碎屑锆石年龄,主要分布在0.7～1.2 Ga(约占47％,峰值～0.8、～0.94、～1.0 Ga)和2.5～2.8 Ga(约占31％,峰值～2.5、～2.7 Ga),相对较小的年龄群集中在0.5～0.6 Ga(约占7％,峰值～0.56 Ga)和1.4～1.8 Ga(约占10％,峰值～1.5 Ga),其余年龄零星分布于1.8～2.4 Ga,少量锆石年龄＞3.0 Ga.碎屑物源分析认为,大黄山群的碎屑物质主要来自祁连地块,其中新元古代末一早古生代初期的碎屑物质来自北祁连造山带相关的火成岩,新元古代碎屑物质来自祁连地块广泛分布的新元古代岩浆岩,而中元古代一太古宙碎屑物质可能来自祁连地块再循环的变质基底岩石.结合区域地质资料认为,龙首山东段的浅变质沉积岩系和寒武系大黄山群可能沉积于祁连地块北侧的大陆边缘,在构造背景上属于祁连造山带,而不属于阿拉善地块.     

鄂尔多斯盆地西南缘上奥陶统平凉组碎屑岩锆石U-Pb年龄及物源分析

运用碎屑锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学分析方法,探讨分析了鄂尔多斯地块西南缘奥陶系平凉组沉积期的物源环境。结果表明:①平凉组凝灰质砂岩中的碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄大致包含3组:第一组为早古生代的407~477Ma,峰值为454Ma,占总体的72.5%;第二组为中—新元古代的588~1548Ma,峰值为962Ma,占总体的22.5%;第三组为古元古代的1612~2496Ma,占总体的5%。②集中在407~477Ma年龄组分指示其物源主要来自于祁连—北秦岭岛弧杂岩带,588~1548Ma和1612~2496Ma的年龄组分反映的物源主要来自于北秦岭造山带,祁连造山带和华北板块基底。③锆石年龄谱综合分析,平凉组碎屑沉积物质来源复杂,具有明显的多源性,指示晚奥陶世平凉期的沉积环境应属于祁连—北秦岭岛弧杂岩带与鄂尔多斯地块西南缘之间的局限残留边缘海盆地。     

阿拉善地块南缘古生代花岗岩类研究进展

阿拉善地块处于华北克拉通,塔里木克拉通和祁连造山带的交汇处,其南缘古生代花岗岩广泛分布。结合近年来阿拉善南缘古生代花岗岩研究成果,从锆石U-Pb年代学和地球化学等方面进行分析总结,认为阿拉善南缘早古生代花岗岩主要受控于祁连造山带的构造演化,其岩浆活动可分为两期,中奥陶世—早志留世和中志留世—早泥盆世,前者处于俯冲环境,后者为后碰撞伸展环境;晚古生代花岗岩仅零星出露于龙首山地区,岩石地球化学特征与宗乃山—沙拉扎山构造带花岗岩相似,与中亚造山带的构造演化相关。并对目前研究中存在的问题和未来研究的方向提出了建议。     

祁连造山带东段早古生代葫芦河群变质碎屑岩中碎屑锆石LA-ICP-MSU-Pb年龄:源区特征和沉积时代的限定

祁连造山带东段葫芦河群的形成时代长期存在争议。选择葫芦河群变质碎屑岩为研究对象,运用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素年代学方法,探讨葫芦河群的形成时代和物源特征。结果表明,葫芦河群的2个样品碎屑锆石同位素年龄数据以及侵入其中的花岗岩同位素年龄表明,葫芦河群沉积时代限定为447～434Ma,其主体形成时代为早志留世。葫芦河群变质碎屑锆石年龄谱明显分为4组:(1)震旦纪—早古生代年龄组,426～595Ma,峰值为479Ma;(2)新元古代年龄组,738～981 Ma,峰值为887 Ma;(3)中元古代年龄组,1000～1 913Ma,峰值为1499Ma;(4)古元古代—新太古代年龄组,2053～2 872Ma,峰值为2448Ma。其中,早古生代年龄组可进一步细分为426～493 Ma和527～595 Ma两个年龄段,峰值分别为445 Ma和559Ma,前者年龄段指示其物源可能以邻近地区的北祁连造山带和西秦岭北缘构造带为主,是加里东期中南祁连和西秦岭微地块分别向北俯冲、碰撞产生的一系列火成岩在造山剥蚀后的沉积响应;后者年龄段则与北祁连造山带和西秦岭北缘构造带中泛非造山事件中的岩浆活动有关。新元古代年龄组可细分为738～799Ma、839～862Ma和902～981Ma 3个年龄段,峰值分别为768Ma、848Ma和948Ma,以902～981Ma年龄组为主;第一年龄段(738～799Ma)与北祁连造山带新元古代晚期岩浆事件的年龄大致相对应,与Rodi-nia超大陆的裂解事件相关;第二年龄段和第三年龄段(839～862 Ma、902～981 Ma)与中祁连地区和西秦岭北缘的新元古代早期构造岩浆事件年龄大致相对应,与Rodinia超大陆汇聚事件及岛弧型岩浆作用相关。中元古代年龄组可细分为1 000～1 197Ma和1 243～1 913Ma 2个年龄段,峰值分别为1 036Ma和1 593Ma,其物源可能来自祁连造山带和华北板块基底岩系。古元古代—新太古代年龄组反映了物源来自北祁连造山带和西秦岭北缘构造带的结晶基底,部分物源也有可能来自于华北板块基底岩系。综合分析显示,葫芦河群碎屑沉积物质来源较为复杂,具有明显的多元性,存在祁连造山带、西秦岭北缘构造带和华北板块基底3个物源区,其中祁连造山带和西秦岭北缘构造带提供了大部分物源,而祁连造山带应为葫芦河群贡献最大的物源区。     

北祁连造山带嘉峪关北大草滩地区早志留世碎屑锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄及其地质意义

以北祁连造山带嘉峪关北大草滩地区原划为中—下奥陶统的阴沟群碎屑岩为研究对象,进行碎屑锆石LA-ICP-MS UPb测年,探讨其形成时代、物源组成和构造背景。结果表明,碎屑岩沉积时代早于432.5Ma,为早志留世,该套沉积地层并不属于早—中奥陶世阴沟群。碎屑锆石U-Pb同位素年龄可明显分为4组:早古生代年龄组,434～521Ma,峰值为447Ma;新元古代年龄组,791～992Ma,峰值年龄966Ma;中古元古代年龄组,1017～1755Ma,并出现1120Ma、1278Ma、1427Ma和1648Ma多个峰值;古元古代早期—新太古代晚期年龄组,1879～2663Ma,并出现2089Ma、2428Ma和2543Ma多个峰值。综合分析显示,碎屑岩沉积物质来源于祁连造山带和阿拉善地块,祁连造山带早古生代岛弧型岩浆岩和新元古代岩浆岩,以及造山带结晶基底岩系为该套碎屑岩沉积提供了更重要的物源。     

阿拉善地块北缘恩格尔乌苏地区发现志留纪侵入体

阿拉善地块北缘地区位于中亚造山带的南缘中段,连接了兴蒙造山带和北山造山带等构造单元,其古生代的构造演化对于中亚造山带南缘构造单元的对比连接具有重要的意义,是研究中亚造山带古生代构造演化的关键位置。统计归纳近年来阿拉善地块北缘地区的年代学数据发现,该地区的岩浆活动主要集中在晚古生代期间,特别是二叠期间,尚没有早古生代侵入岩的报道。恩格尔乌苏蛇绿混杂岩是阿拉善地块北缘地区出露的一条重要蛇绿岩带,本次研究在该混杂岩带中发现了早古生代的黑云母花岗岩。通过锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学测试发现其时代为423±4.5 Ma和434±1Ma,代表了其岩浆结晶年龄,表明该侵入岩形成于志留纪期间,是阿拉善地块北缘地区最早发现的早古生代侵入体之一。该志留纪岩体的发现,表明恩格尔乌苏混杂岩在带志留纪期间已经出现岩浆活动,具有多期活动的特征。该志留纪岩体的发现,是研究、认识阿拉善地块北缘地区早古生代构造环境的重要对象,对于连接对比东、西相邻构造单元具有重要的意义。结合相邻白山组地层的碎屑锆石时代及晚泥盆世侵入岩的发现等研究成果推断,阿拉善地块北缘地区在早古生代开始就存在岩浆活动,该地区可能并非是早古生代的稳定被动大陆边缘。     

鄂尔多斯盆地西南部上古生界碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄及其构造意义

通过对鄂尔多斯盆地西南部晚古生代山西组1段和下石盒子组8段碎屑锆石进行LA-ICP-MS U-Pb测年分析,结合周缘地层年龄结构和地质历史事件,进而追寻盆地沉积物物源,推断盆地与造山带的盆山耦合过程。研究表明105个岩浆成因的碎屑锆石可分为4个年龄组段:(1)260~340 Ma,占总数的21.9%,推断物源主要来自北秦岭和西秦岭构造带;(2)370~470 Ma,占总数的24.8%,反映物源主要来自北秦岭、西秦岭构造带和北祁连造山带;(3)1600~2000 Ma,占总数的32.4%,指示物源来自北秦岭造山带、北祁造山带和华北板块;(4)2300~2600 Ma,占总数的15.2%,物源分别来自华北板块基底结晶岩系、北祁连构造带、北秦岭构造带和西秦岭构造带。研究区总体上具有来自北秦岭造山带、西秦岭造山带、北祁连造山带、兴蒙造山带及华北板块基底五个物源区,其中兴蒙造山带、北秦岭造山带和北祁连造山带为主要物源区。古生代碎屑锆石年龄证实了鄂尔多斯盆地西南部奥陶纪被动大陆边缘形成,志留纪—泥盆纪转化为陆-陆碰撞造山带,石炭纪—二叠纪逐渐由造山带转化为沉积盆地。     

鄂尔多斯盆地南部二叠系砂岩碎屑锆石年代学特征及地质意义

陆源碎屑岩物质来源及变化与沉积盆地及构造演化密切相关。通过对鄂尔多斯盆地南部铜川地区晚古生代二叠系山西组、石盒子组及石千峰组砂岩样品岩石薄片鉴定、定量矿物学分析以及碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学分析,结合古流向特征,对物源进行了追溯,并讨论了盆地南部二叠系的构造—沉积过程。研究结果表明,早二叠世山西组碎屑锆石年龄具364 Ma、450 Ma、946Ma和2 446 Ma四个主要峰值;中二叠世下石盒子组碎屑锆石年龄具294 Ma、1 963.4 Ma和2 499 Ma三个主要峰值;晚二叠世石千峰组碎屑锆石年龄主要峰值出现在1 876.5 Ma,缺乏北秦岭造山带的新元古代和早古生代碎屑锆石记录。分析认为山西组主要物源区为北秦岭造山带,次要物源区为华北南缘构造带;石盒子组物源由北秦岭造山带、华北板块南缘构造带和内蒙古隆起西段共同提供;石千峰组物源区为华北南缘构造带。早二叠世山西期,华北南缘隆起幅度较低,不影响北秦岭造山带供源。石盒子期,勉略洋由被动拉张转换为主动挤压,秦岭造山带处于持续隆升状态,并造成了华北南缘构造带的不断抬升。石千峰期华北南缘强烈隆升,在为铜川地区提供物源的同时也阻挡了北秦岭造山带...     

祁连地块北缘前寒武基底早古生代再活化:变基性岩相平衡模拟和锆石年代学证据

北祁连造山带是典型的早古生代增生型造山带，具有典型增生型造山带的"沟-弧-盆"体系。祁连地块位于北祁连造山带南部，由深变质的前寒武纪基底和新元古代到中生代的沉积盖层组成。在连祁地块北缘门源宝库河附近延伸数千米的变基性岩（主体为斜长角闪岩和角闪岩）中识别出了基性麻粒岩，峰期矿物组合为石榴子石+斜长石+钾长石+普通辉石+角闪石+钛铁矿+石英，相平衡模拟计算结果显示峰期温压条件为P=10.6kbar、T=800℃，峰期之后经历了近等温降压的P-T轨迹。锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学结果显示变基性岩的原岩结晶年龄分别为1110±18Ma和1140±30Ma，变质年龄分别为478.2±3.9Ma和469±4.6Ma，结合近等温降压的P-T轨迹，469~478Ma的变质年龄应近似代表了麻粒岩相变质作用时代。结合区域资料，我们认为早古生代北祁连洋存在南北双向俯冲极性，祁连洋南向俯冲使得祁连地块前寒武纪基底在早古生代再活化。变基性岩的原岩年龄与祁连地块南部欧龙布鲁克地块（全吉地块）中发现的变基性岩和花岗质片麻岩原岩年龄及副片麻岩的变质年龄一致，均为~1100Ma，表明祁连地块与欧龙布鲁克地块一起卷入了格林威尔造山事件。     

Tectonic evolution of the western Ordos Basin during the Palaeozoic-Mesozoic time as constrained by detrital zircon ages

ABSTRACT

The Ordos Basin has experienced a complicated tectonic evolution since the Palaeozoic. Its multi-stage evolution was closely related to the tectonic events that occurred along plate boundaries. The detrital zircon ages and crystallization age (CA)-deposition age (DA)/cumulative proportion curves obtained from Palaeozoic-Mesozoic strata from different tectonic units in and around the western Ordos Basin demonstrate that during the early Palaeozoic, the so-called Helan Aulacogen did not develop along the western Ordos Basin, the Alxa Block was an independent unit from the North China Craton, and the southern Ordos Basin was a foreland basin of the North Qinling Orogenic Belt. During the early Palaeozoic, the western Ordos Basin and its vicinity belonged to three different tectonic units (i.e. the North China Craton, the Alxa Block, and the North Qilian Orogenic Belt). At the end of the early Palaeozoic, the Alxa Block amalgamated with the Ordos Basin. From the Silurian to the Middle Devonian, the southern Alxa Block was a foreland basin of the North Qilian Orogenic Belt and underwent regional extension during the Late Devonian. During the late Palaeozoic, the western Ordos Basin and its vicinities were located in a back-arc extensional setting of the western Qinling Orogenic Belt. The southern part of the western Ordos Basin may have been a retro-arc foreland basin of the western Qinling Orogenic Belt during the Late Triassic, and the northern part of the western Ordos Basin experienced large-scale left-lateral strike-slip at the same time. The CA-DA/cumulative proportion curves can adequately explain the evolution of the western Ordos Basin during the Palaeozoic; however, the settings indicated by the CA-DA/cumulative proportion curves in intraplate evolutions are different from those proposed in other studies, which may be due to the number and distribution of samples and rapid lateral changes in sedimentary facies.     

Petrology, Geochemistry and Zircon U-Pb Geochronology of the Xiangshan Group in the Eastern Hexi Corridor Belt: Implications for Provenance and Tectonic Evolution

The eastern Hexi Corridor Belt (HCB) is located in the transitional belt among the Alxa Block, the Qilian Orogenic Belt and the North China Block. Because of its unique tectonic location, the tectonic setting, provenance, and even the age of the sedimentary strata in the eastern HCB during the Early Paleozoic remain controversial. This study analyzes the provenance of the poorly studied Xiangshan Group, discusses its age of development and tectonic setting in the eastern HCB using a combination of petrological, geochemical and LA-ICP-MS U-Pb zircon dating methods. Based on the youngest age peaks and the fossil evidence, we suggest that the Xiangshan Group is Middle Cambrian to Late Ordovician in age. The complexity of the geochemical characteristics and associated diagrams suggests that the early stage of the Xiangshan Group developed in a passive continental margin environment, late in the back-arc basin of the eastern HCB. Based on the sandstone detrital composition, whole-rock geochemistry and detrital zircon ages, we conclude that the Xiangshan Group had an early provenance that was mainly from the Qilian Block and a late provenance from the Qilian Block and the western Alxa Block. The eastern HCB and its northern and southern blocks have similar palaeontology, lithology and basement age characteristics to the South China Block. This indicates that the eastern HCB might not have formed in the intra-continental aulacogen of the North China Block during the Early Paleozoic but has a close affinity to eastern Gondwana.     

河西走廊东部香山群时代和物源讨论

香山群是一套经历轻微区域变质作用的陆源碎屑岩,夹有少量碳酸盐岩和硅质岩,主要位于河西走廊东部香山地区。迄今为止,前人已经做过大量工作,但是对香山群与该区奥陶纪米钵山组的关系、香山群的时代以及香山群的物源等问题还存在较大争议。笔者对香山群的碎屑锆石做了定年(LA-ICP-MS)工作,通过香山群与米钵山组锆石年龄的对比,发现米钵山组最年轻锆石(451±8)Ma比香山群最年轻锆石(525±3)Ma年轻,且香山群不含米钵山组其他年轻锆石成分,香山群时代应该晚于(525±3)Ma,而早于中奥陶世米钵山组,应属中—晚寒武世。香山群碎屑锆石年龄谱与华夏地块、阿拉善基底、华北西部和北祁连岩浆变质事件年龄差异显著,华夏地块、阿拉善基底、华北西部和北祁连不是香山群物源,而与澳大利亚西南部地区相似,同时根据香山群古水流分析结果,推测澳大利亚西南部可能是香山群的沉积物源。     

Petrogenesis and tectonic significance of the Early Devonian lamprophyres and diorites in the Alxa Block,NW China

The North Qilian orogenic belt (NQOB) has been defined as a subduction-collision zone between the Alxa Block and the Qilian Block during the Early Paleozoic. To constrain the post-collisional tectonic evolution of the NQOB, analyses of zircon U-Pb-Hf isotopes, whole-rock major, trace element and Sr-Nd-Pb isotope compositions of the newly discovered Early Devonian lamprophyres and diorites dikes from the Longshoushan area in southwestern margin of the Alxa Block were conducted. Zircon U-Pb dating yields emplacement ages of 400 ± 4 Ma and 403 ± 6 Ma for two lamprophyre dikes and 391 ± 3 Ma for two diorite dikes. The lamprophyres dikes are shoshonitic-high-K (calc-alkaline) in nature, and are characterized by SiO₂ contents of 53.6–56.3 wt %, (⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_i ratios of 0.7064 to 0.7072, εNd(t) values of 0.1–1.0, and zircon εHf(t) values of −8.0 to −2.9. The diorite dikes are high-K (calc-alkaline), and are characterized by MgO contents of 6.32–6.98 wt %, (⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_i ratios of 0.7089–0.7137, εNd(t) values of −3.8 to −3.5, and zircon εHf(t) values of −9.9–0.4. Both the lamprophyre and diorite dikes show parallel enrichments in LREEs and LILEs and depletions in HREEs and HFSEs and have similar ratios of (²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb)_i (17.587–18.133), (²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb)_i (15.518–15.584) and (²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb)_i (37.676–38.058). Geochemical and isotopic data suggest that the lamprophyre and diorite dikes were derived from low-degrees melts of amphibole- and phlogopite-bearing lherzolite and phlogopite-bearing lherzolite, respectively, in the spinel-garnet transition facies. Their parental magmas both experienced extensive fractional crystallization in a deep magma chamber and negligible crustal contamination during their ascent. Regarding the Palaeozoic tectonic development of the North Qilian orogenic belt, we propose that the Early Devonian lamprophyres and diorites possibly are related to North Qilian orogen unrooting and collapse and marking the end of the North Qilian orogenic events.     

北秦岭宽坪岩群变质沉积岩年代学及地质意义

宽坪岩群位于北秦岭造山带,主要由广东坪岩组斜长角闪岩、四岔口岩组云母石英片岩及谢湾岩组的大理岩组成。通过LA-MC-ICPMS锆石U-Pb测年研究,宽坪岩群谢湾岩组碎屑锆石年龄为400~3502 Ma,其中最年轻一组的²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U年龄在380~418 Ma,结合黑云母⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar（370.9±2.0）Ma的变质年龄,表明谢湾岩组形成在晚泥盆世。四岔口岩组碎屑锆石年龄介于512~3598 Ma,最年轻的一组锆石²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U年龄在512~549 Ma,其黑云母⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar变质年龄为（370.4±1.8）Ma,表明该组形成于512 Ma（早寒武世）之后,晚泥盆世之前,主体很可能形成于早古生代。宽坪岩群是由不同时代的地层和岩片构成,应该进一步解体。宽坪岩群物源来自华北陆块、秦岭造山带和扬子陆块。其变形变质时代为晚泥盆世,代表了北秦岭造山带碰撞造山的结束时代。     

Detrital-zircon geochronology of the Jurassic coal-bearing strata in the western Ordos Basin,North China: Evidences for multi-cycle sedimentation

The western Ordos Basin(WOB), situated in a tectonic transition zone in the North China Craton, acts as an excellent example for studying the Mesozoic intraplate sedimentation and deformation in Asia. In this study, U-Pb ages for 1203 detrital zircons of 14 sandstone samples collected from 11 sections are presented to unravel the sediment source locations and paleogeographic environments of the Early-Middle Jurassic coal-bearing Yan'an Formation in the WOB. Data show that there are five prominent age groups in the detrital zircons of the Yan'an Formation, peaking at ca. 282 Ma, 426 Ma, 924 Ma, 1847 Ma, and2468 Ma. Samples from the northern, middle, and southern parts of the WOB contain these five age categories in various proportions. In the northern region, the Yan'an Formation exclusively contains Early Permian detrital zircons with a single age group peaking at 282 Ma, matching well with the crystallizing ages of the widespread Early Permian granites in the Yinshan Belt to the north and the Alxa Block to the northwest. While in the southern region, the Yan'an Formation mainly contains three groups of detrital zircons, with age peaks at 213 Ma, 426 Ma, and 924 Ma. These zircon ages resemble those of the igneous rocks in the Qilian-Qinling Orogenic Belt to the south-southwest. Samples in the middle region, characterized by a mixture age spectrum with peaks at 282 Ma, 426 Ma, 924 Ma, 1847 Ma and 2468 Ma, are previously thought to have mixed derivations from surrounding ranges. However, by referring to the detrital-zircon age compositions of the pre-Jurassic sedimentary successions and combining with paleontological and petrographic analysis, we firstly propose that the sediments of the Yan'an Formation in the middle region were partly recycled from the Triassic and Paleozoic sedimentary strata in the WOB.The occurrence of recycled sedimentation suggests that the Late Triassic-Early Jurassic intraplate compressional deformation was very intense in the WOB, especially for regions in front of the Qilian Orogenic Belt.     

中亚造山带伊犁北缘早古生代海相斑脱岩地质意义

伊犁地块位于西天山北部,通常认为其北缘经历了晚古生代活动陆缘的演化,但对其早古生代构造沉积演化（尤其是同位素定年）的研究仍较为薄弱.在伊犁北缘果子沟地区的奥陶系黑色硅质页岩中发现多层斑脱岩（蚀变凝灰岩）夹层,奥陶系发生了强烈褶皱变形,在其中一个倒转向斜的核部和翼部选取两层斑脱岩进行了锆石U-Pb测年.2个斑脱岩样品中的锆石显示岩浆锆石的特征,其加权平均年龄分别为458±2 Ma和460±2 Ma.结合前人研究成果,认为该斑脱岩的沉积时代为中奥陶世末期（达瑞威尔阶顶部）,该时代与温泉地区大陆弧岩浆岩年龄基本一致,是准噶尔洋在中-晚奥陶世向伊犁地块之下俯冲的又一证据;该斑脱岩与全球范围内的大规模火山活动时代一致,该期火山活动可能是中-晚奥陶世全球气候变化与生物大灭绝的重要原因.      

东亚原特提斯洋(Ⅴ):北界西段陆缘属性及微陆块拼合

早古生代原特提斯洋在祁连造山带的分支本文称为古祁连洋。其洋内及邻区存在中祁连、阿拉善、柴达木、华北、扬子、塔里木等多个陆块、微陆块,处在一个复杂的多岛洋的环境中。祁连地区早古生代经历了较为复杂的俯冲拼合、碰撞造山过程。本文探讨了祁连造山带的几个构造单元构造属性,认为早古生代阿拉善微陆块南缘为被动大陆边缘,中祁连北缘为活动大陆边缘。阿拉善南部与之平行的龙首山构造单元为俯冲造山形成的增生楔体;北祁连构造带为一套俯冲增生杂岩,包含高压变质岩带、蛇绿岩带、岛弧岩浆和部分洋壳残片等,记录了古祁连洋壳从大陆裂解,洋壳形成,俯冲拼合,碰撞造山的造山过程。495Ma左右南祁连南部柴达木微陆块向北俯冲的影响,古祁连洋壳俯冲受阻,俯冲带向北后退,形成大岔大坂岛弧。弧前地区发生洋-洋俯冲事件,堆积增生大岔大坂、白泉门、九个泉等SSZ型北祁连蛇绿岩北带,并伴随第二期清水沟、牛心山、野牛滩等地岩浆事件。460Ma左右阿拉善微陆块和中祁连微陆块开始碰撞拼合,古祁连洋开始闭合。值得注意的是拼合过程不是均一的,存在自西向东斜向"剪刀式"的拼合方式,产生了由西向东年代变新的"S"型同碰撞岩浆岩。约440Ma古祁连洋闭合,进入陆内造山阶段。440Ma之后,拼合陆块处在一种拉伸的构造环境之下,金佛寺、牛心山、老虎山等地产生碰撞后岩浆岩。422~406Ma发生俯冲折返、高压榴辉岩和高压低温蓝片岩退变质作用,形成以紧闭不对褶皱为特征的第二幕变形。根据各陆块、微陆块碎屑锆石年龄谱分析对比,中祁连基底应与华北不同,而可能与扬子有关。Rodinia超大陆聚合之前,中祁连微陆块作为一个独立的微陆块与华北、扬子保持一定距离。1.0~0.8Ga Rodinia超大陆聚合过程中祁连微陆块与冈瓦纳北缘拼贴在一起,而距华北较远。随着Rodinia超大陆裂解,中祁连微陆块远离冈瓦纳,逐渐向华北靠近,500~400Ma原特提斯洋闭合,华北、阿拉善与中祁连拼合,并整体拼合到冈瓦纳大陆北缘。