云南马关新生代钾玄质玄武岩的岩石学与地球化学特征及构造环境

云南马关地区广泛出露了一套富含大量幔源包体和捕掳晶的新生代玄武岩.对该地区的新生代玄武岩进行了岩石学和地球化学方面的研究, 为该地区自新生代印度-欧亚大陆碰撞以来发生的岩浆活动及壳幔物质交换等问题提供重要的信息和岩浆岩约束.研究表明: 该区玄武岩具有富碱且富钾的特征, 其中全碱含量w(K₂O+Na₂O)变化在2.94%~8.23%之间、K₂O/Na₂O在0.44~6.72之间, 21个样品平均的K₂O/Na₂O比值为1.26.采用火山岩类型系列与划分方法, 确定本区多数岩石属于钾玄岩类的玄武岩或碧玄岩.岩石具有富集LREE和LILE的特征, 经球粒陨石/原始地幔标准化后的稀土元素配分形式和微量元素蜘蛛图均具有与OIB相似的特征.岩石中含有大量深源岩石包体, 斑晶含量少且结晶程度低, 相容元素Ni含量较高等特点, 符合原生岩浆的基本特征; 唯有Mg#(0.49~0.72)偏低, 可能与源区本身的性质或者源区发生的壳幔混合作用等因素有关.根据钾质岩石构造环境判别标准, 显示岩石形成于板内环境, 其成因与印度-欧亚大陆的碰撞诱发的软流圈物质向高原东南方向侧向挤出有关.      

黑龙江镜泊湖地区全新世玄武岩的地球化学特征及其深部过程探讨

镜泊湖地区全新世玄武岩分布在镜泊湖西北方向的“火山口森林”地区和蛤蟆塘地区。这两个地区相距只有１５ｋｍ,但其玄武质岩石在岩石学上具有明显的区别,前者为碱性橄榄玄武岩,后者为白榴石碱玄岩,并且具有钛角闪石、金云母和歪长石巨晶,而前者则没有这些巨晶。对它们的地球化学特征研究表明,两个地区的玄武夺石虽然均属于偏钠质的碱性玄武岩,但是白榴石碱玄岩相对于碱性橄榄玄武岩总体上具有高的Ａｌ２Ｏ３、Ｎａ２Ｏ、Ｋ２     

西藏林周县扎雪地区林子宗群帕那组火山岩的地球化学特征及其地质意义

分布于西藏林周县扎雪地区的林子宗群帕那组火山岩,主要由流纹质-粗安质熔岩和火山碎屑岩组成。岩石总体上反映出高Al高K的特点,Al₂O₃的质量分数平均为14.55%,K₂O+Na₂O的质量分数平均为8.78%,K₂O质量分数平均为.77%,K₂O/Na₂O比值平均为2.07,显示了高钾钙碱性-钾玄质火山岩的特征。稀土配分曲线呈轻稀土富集的右倾形式,并具有中等-强烈的负Eu异常。微量元素Rb、Th强烈富集,Ta、Ba、U相对富集,而Y、Yb、Sr等相对亏损。岩石地球化学特征显示了陆壳重熔的特点。研究表明,扎雪地区帕那组火山岩是40 Ma左右陆壳加厚并部分熔融形成的,是印度板块和欧亚板块后碰撞作用的产物。     

川西九龙白台花岗岩地球化学特征、锆石U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素组成及其稀有金属成矿意义

为揭示川西九龙白台花岗岩成因及其与稀有金属成矿的关系,笔者等对白台花岗岩开展了岩相学、岩石地球化学、LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学、锆石微量元素地球化学、Hf同位素地球化学测试。结果显示,白台黑云母二长花岗岩具高SiO₂(69.01%～70.55%)、高K₂O(3.86%～4.99%)、高碱(K₂O+Na₂O=7.41%～8.18%),低CaO(1.49%～2.2%)、低MgO(0.44%～0.57%)等特征,里特曼指数σ=2.03～2.43,A/CNK=1.07～1.14,为弱过铝质的高钾钙碱性系列岩石;微量元素特征显示相对富集Rb、K等大离子亲石元素,相对亏损Nb、P、Hf等高场强元素;球粒陨石标准化的稀土元素配分模式为明显的轻稀土富集和重稀土亏损的右倾型。白台黑云母二长花岗岩锆石U-Pb年龄为(213～212)Ma,ε_Hf(t)值为-7.4～-1.1,Hf同位素二阶模式年龄T_DM2为(1.6～1.2)Ga。研究结果表明,白台花岗岩形成于后碰撞伸...     

桂东南马山玄武岩的年代学、地球化学及岩石成因：对华南地区印支期构造背景的制约

提要：【研究目的】桂东南马山杂岩体北部出露的印支期玄武岩，是研究华南印支运动的关键岩石探针。目前关于马山玄武岩的研究资料较少，制约了对华南地区大地构造背景演化的认识。【研究方法】本文对马山玄武岩开展了锆石U-Pb年代学、岩石地球化学、Sr-Nd同位素研究。【研究结果】玄武岩的LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb年龄为(246.7±1.5)Ma,MSWD=0.16。岩石富碱((K₂O+Na₂O)=5.21%～8.02%)、富钾(K₂O=2.59%～4.96%)，为钾质粗面玄武岩，稀土元素特征为轻稀土富集型，微量元素特征为富集大离子亲石元素(Rb、Ba、K、Pb、LREE)，亏损高场强元素(Nb、Ta、P、Ti、HREE),Sr-Nd同位素显示具有EMⅡ富集地幔端元的特征。【结论】马山玄武岩符合钾玄岩系列的岩石特点，其岩浆作用以分离结晶为主，无明显的地壳混染，其源区为受俯冲壳源物质释放的流体交代作用形成的含金云母石榴子石的富集地幔(>80 km)源区。马山玄武岩产于板内环境，其形成可能与印支期逆冲-推覆构造后期的伸展作用有关，...     

西藏冈底斯带鸡公村地区辉长岩年代学与地球化学：对新特提斯洋演化的启示

西藏冈底斯成矿带鸡公村地区发育有强烈的基性岩浆活动,但其成因尚未得到系统约束。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学结果显示,鸡公村地区辉长岩成岩年龄为48.2±0.3 Ma,形成于始新世,与区内发育的Mo-Re成矿作用(22 Ma)没有成因联系。岩石地球化学分析结果显示,这些辉长岩具有高w(Al₂O₃)(17.78%～18.63%)、w(K₂O)(0.90%～1.76%),低TiO₂特征,且相对富集LILEs(Ba, Sr, Rb等),相对亏损HFSEs(Zr, Ta, Nb等),显示弧岩浆特征。锆石ε_Hf(t)值在10.0～13.4之间,全岩(⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_ⅰ同位素值在0.704 4～0.704 8之间,ε_Nd(t)值在1.6～2.2之间。这些岩石地球化学与同位素特征指示鸡公村地区辉长岩起源于被俯冲流体交代的岩石圈地幔。结合区域构造演化,本次研究认为鸡公村地区辉长岩形成于新特提斯洋壳...     

东昆仑东段早泥盆世“A”型花岗岩的确定——来自乌兰东地区都南哑合黑云母花岗岩锆石U-Pb年代学、元素地球化学证据

都南哑合岩体位于东昆仑东段乌兰东呼德生地区,通过对岩体锆石U-Pb定年和岩石地球化学进行研究,分析该岩体成因及构造背景。结果表明：都南哑合岩体主要为黑云母花岗岩,锆石²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U加权平均年龄为(413.3±2.1) Ma,岩体结晶年龄为早泥盆世;岩石属准铝质-过铝质高钾钙碱性系列,具高硅,SiO₂=71.13%～74.67%、富碱,Na₂O+K₂O=8.3%～9.26%,低铝,Al₂O₃=12.28%～13.56%、贫钛,0.15%～0.31%、贫镁,0.22%～0.34%及富钾特征。K₂O/Na₂O=0.69～1.64,平均1.36;稀土元素分布曲线呈强负铕,δEu=0.18～0.42,平均0.26,异常轻稀土富集的右倾型;富集大离子亲石元素Rb,K和高场强元素Th,La,Ce,Nd。Ba相对亏损,Sr强亏损;明显亏损高场强元素P,Ti,弱富集Nb,Ta,Sm,Zr,Hf,Y,Yb...     

内蒙古四子王旗早白垩世钾玄岩的地球化学特征及其形成构造环境

内蒙古四子王旗地区发现有一套早白垩世钾玄岩。主量元素、微量元素、稀土元素以及 Sr-Nd 同位素测试结果表明,岩石以低硅(SiO_2含量为48.11%～52.77%)、高钛(TiO_2含量为1.94%～2.77%,平均2.48%)、高钾高碱(K_2O Na_2O 为5.32%～7.02%、K_2O/Na_2O 比值为0.48～1.10)为特征,属于钾玄岩系列。它们富集大离子亲石元素、轻稀土元素,亏损高场强元素,具有微弱的 Eu 负异常(δEu=0.81～0.98),其地球化学特征总体与洋岛玄武岩(OIB)相似。Rb/Nb、Ba/Nb、La/Nb、K/Nb 和 Zr/Nb 比值主要落在 EM I OIB 范围内。~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr 和~(143)Nd/~(144)Nd 比值分别变化在0.7063～0.7077和0.51196～0.51243之间,岩石的 Nd、Sr 同位素组成接近 EM I 地幔端元。随着ε_(Nd)的减小,P_2O_5、Rh、Sr、Ba 和 Zr 逐渐富集,表明四子王旗钾玄岩没有经历明显的地壳物质混染。利用微量元素地球化学原理,推断四子王旗钾玄岩母岩浆源于含金云母地幔橄榄岩减压低度部分熔融。根据其地球化学特征可以认为,四子王旗钾玄岩是华北板块早白垩世岩石圈减薄事件的产物。     

黑龙江镜泊湖地区全新世玄武岩中发现中国大陆首例钛角闪石巨晶及其意义

玄武岩中角闪石巨晶较少,而钛角闪石巨晶则更少。我国只在台湾西部的马福地区和澎湖地区的新生代火山岩中发现,而我国大陆上发现的角闪石巨晶均为富钛韭闪石。我们在对镜泊湖地区进行的两幅1:5万地质填图(小北湖幅和柳河林场幅)过程中在镜泊湖西北的蛤蟆塘地区的全新世玄武岩中发现了大量的钛角闪石巨晶。该地区玄武岩为一种特殊的白榴石碱玄岩,岩石化学分析表明,岩石以贫Mg、Ca,富Al和碱(K_2O+Na_2O=9.8％～11.28％)为特征,并且Na_2O-1.5>K_2O。     

青海玉树县南洞卡组粗面安山岩地球化学特征：岩石成因与构造背景探讨

青海玉树县南洞卡组粗面安山岩的SiO₂含量为55.92%～57.85%,高Na₂O、MgO和Al₂O₃,低K₂O、TiO₂和 P₂O₅,铝饱和指数A/CNK=0.98～1.08,具有准铝-弱过铝质的特点。岩石K₂O含量低,Na₂O/K₂O=12.60～15.97,显示出钠质粗面安山岩特征。SiO₂-K₂O图解和里特曼指数(2.89～3.25),说明岩石属于钙碱性系列。稀土配分模式为轻稀土弱富集右倾型,铕弱负异常(σEu=0.90～0.96)。微量元素蛛网图显示,岩石富集Rb、Th和U等元素,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta和大离子亲石元素Ba,样品Ce/Pb、Nb/U 并未随着MgO含量的升高而升高,样品的La/Nb、Zr/Nb、Ba/Nb比值均表现出良好的稳定性,表明岩浆在上升过程中遭受地壳物质混染的可能性不大,可能是其源区特征的反映。研究表明岩浆经历了橄榄石和单斜辉石的结晶分异,且受到俯冲板片熔体对源区的改造作用。结合234 Ma的形成年龄,说明该粗面安山岩是金沙江洋盆向西俯冲消减和斜向碰撞的地质记录,其形成时代和地球化学特征也为江达-维西火山弧的形成演化及成矿作用研究提供依据。     

Extreme Mantle Heterogeneity beneath the Jingpohu Area,Northeastern China-Geochemical Evidence of Holocene Basaltic Rock

Holocene basaltic rocks of the Jingpohu area are located in the "Crater Forest" and Hamatang districts to the northwest of the Jingpohu Lake. Although there is only a distance of 15 km between the two districts, their petrological characteristics are very different: alkaline olivine basalt without any megacrysts in the former, and leu-cite tephrite with Ti-amphibole, phlogopite and anorthoclasite megacrysts in the latter. On the basis of their geo-chemical characteristics, the two types of basaltic rocks should belong to weakly sodian alkaline basalts. But leucite tephrite is characterized by higher Al2O3, Na2O and K2O, higher enrichment in light rare earth elements (LREE) and large ion lithophile elements (LILE), lower MgO and CaO, compatible elements and moderately compatible elements and lower Mg# values and Na/K ratios in comparison with alkaline olivine basalt. However, the two types of basaltic rocks have similar Sr, Nd, Pb isotopic compositions, which suggests that the mantle beneath the Jingpohu     

湖南常宁县康家湾铅锌金矿硅化角砾岩岩石地球化学特征

湖南常宁县康家湾铅锌金矿床硅化角砾岩带由未硅化角砾岩—极弱硅化角砾岩—硅化角砾岩—强硅化角砾岩(似硅质岩)组成,产于侏罗系与下伏二叠系间的不整合面附近,角砾成份复杂,充填物和胶结物类型多样。随着硅化程度的加强,硅化角砾岩带SiO₂含量变化大,最高可达95.34%,而Al₂O₃、MgO、FeO、K₂O、Na₂O、CaO、CO₂和P₂O₅含量特别是MgO、CaO、CO₂和P₂O₅含量明显降低,且K₂O>Na₂O,TiO₂的含量显著偏低。硅化角砾岩带LREE/HREE比值为1.95～4.93,Ce(δCe=0.44～0.81)和Eu(δEu=0.58～0.89)均为弱负异常,属轻稀土富集型,但随硅化程度增高稀土元素含量显著减少:未硅化和弱硅化角砾岩稀土元素总量较高,为(176.82～318.93)×10^-10,与当冲组泥质岩配分曲线相似;硅化强烈的角砾岩稀土元素总量低,为(7.71～65.95)×10^-10,与下伏栖霞组灰岩稀土元素配分曲线极为相似。结合微量元素F、Ba、Cl、Cr、Ni、Sr、V研究结果及硅化角砾岩带自底部至顶部特有的下粗上细的韵律性层理构造,认为康家湾铅锌金矿床硅化角砾岩带是在地台体制向地洼体制转变期的大地构造环境下,由于地壳快速隆升,二叠纪灰岩、泥质岩、石英砂岩等岩石剥蚀,在古河流环境下搬运、沉积形成的。此     

Petrography,geochemistry and geodynamic environment of potassic alkaline rocks in Eslamy peninsula,northwest of Iran

Eslamy peninsula, 360 km² in area, is located in the eastern coast of Urmieh lake in the northwest of Iran. This peninsula is a complex stratovolcano with a collapsed center, which is elevated due to later intrusions of sub-volcanic masses with trachytic to microsyenitic composition. The composite cone consists of a sequence of leucite tephrite, tephrite, leucite basanite, basanite and related pyroclastic rocks. Magmatic activities in the Eslamy peninsula begin with potassic alkaline to ultrapotassic and basic, silica-undersaturated shoshonitic rocks and they are followed by intrusions of lamprophyric dykes and end with acidic magmatism including trachytic, microsyenitic, syenitic and phonolitic domes. The original magma of the Eslamy peninsula rocks has a potassic alkaline nature (Roman type) rich in LREE and LILE and depleted of HREE. These characteristics suggest that the origin of magma can be from deep mantle with a garnet lherzolite composition, a low partial melting rate which has been contaminated by crustal materials in its way up. Fractional crystallization of olivine, diopsidic clinopyroxene and leucite played an important role in the evolution of magmas. Scrutinizing the geodynamic environment of Eslamy peninsula rocks in discrimination diagrams indicates that these rocks must have been formed in a post-collision magmatic arc setting.     

Geochemistry and petrogenesis of lamprophyric dykes and the associated rocks from Eslamy peninsula, NW Iran: Implications for deep-mantle metasomatism

Eslamy peninsula in NW of Iran is formed by a strato-volcano with collapsed calderon, which is intruded by lamprophyric dykes with minette composition. Also trachytic and microsyenitic dykes have intruded the volcanic rocks. The oldest volcanic activity includes eruption of leucite basanite, leucite tephrite, basanite and tephrite, which are associated with pyroclastic rocks. Lamprophyric dykes are distinguishable with large mica phenocrysts. Mica-clinopyroxenite xenoliths can be found in the rocks. The source magma of the rocks had a ultrapotassic to shoshonitic nature, rich in LREE and LILE. Eslamy peninsula lamprophyres are between alkaline and calc-alkaline lamprophyres in terms of REE patterns and spider diagrams for trace elements, but are closer to clac-alkaline lamprophyres. The behaviour of trace elements studied by the means of spider diagrams show that the magma, producing the lamprophyres, is generated from deep-mantle probably from a garnet-bearing source (garnet lherzolite) with high CO₂/H₂O content. The resulted magma had interacted with crustal materials and had formed Eslamy peninsula lamprophyres in a post-collisional tectonic setting. Geochemistry of rare elements indicate an extensive rutile-rich metasomatism in the source magma of the lamprophyres.     

Volatiles in basaltic magmas of ocean islands and their mantle sources: II. Estimation of contents in mantle reservoirs

In this paper, we address the average compositions (including the contents of H₂O, Cl, F, and S) and the compositional structure of oceanic mantle plumes on the basis of element contents and ratios in ocean island magmas. The average contents of incompatible volatile and nonvolatile elements were calculated for the material of mantle plumes using a thermal and a more plausible moderately enriched model. The following average contents were estimated for the plume mantle: 510 ppm K₂O, 520 ppm H₂O, 21 ppm Cl, 55 ppm F, and 83 ppm S. These values are significantly higher than those of the depleted mantle (except for S). The primitive mantle normalized average content of water in mantle plumes is similar to those of La and Ce but lower than those of K, Cl, and Sr. This is at odds with the hypothesis of “wet” mantle plumes. Three types of basaltic magmas distinguished in our previous study (Part I) characterize three types of plume sources (MI, MII, and MIII). Using the favored moderately enriched model, the average contents of H₂O, Cl, F, and S were estimated for the three sources (ppm): 130, 33, 11, and 110 for MI; 110, 12, 65, and 45 for MII; and 530, 29, 49, and 110 for MIII, respectively. The plume mantle is heterogeneous and its heterogeneity can be described by the presence of three main types of compositions, one of which (MI) is similar to the composition of the mid-ocean ridge mantle and the other two types (MII and MIII) are moderately enriched in K, Ti, P, F, and incompatible trace elements but depleted in Cl, H₂O, and sometimes S. The compositions of MII and MIII have different H₂O, Cl, and S contents: MII is significantly depleted in these components compared with MIII. The MII component is probably similar to the enriched mantle (EM). In addition to the aforementioned three main components, the plume mantle probably contains high-Cl and low-F materials, which are related to the recycling of the oceanic and continental crust. All the observed characteristics of the mantle plumes are in adequate agreement with the model of a zonal mantle plume including a central part hot and depleted in H₂O, Cl, and S; a periphery enriched in volatile components; and the enclosing mantle interacting with the plume material.     

我国东北小古里河-科洛-五大连池-二克山火山带钾质矿物成因及地质意义

东北黑龙江小古里河-科洛-五大连池-二克山火山岩带是我国近代保存最好的火山群之一,此带火山岩的岩石化学特点全都强碱富钾,K₂O/Na₂O>1.2,属于一套高钾过碱性火山岩。通过对东北钾质火山岩及金云母橄榄岩地幔捕虏体中钾质矿物金云母、白榴石的成分、结晶环境与岩浆成分及来源关系的研究,认为在岩石圈伸展构造背景下,地幔金云母橄榄岩的低度部分熔融形成钾质岩浆,钾质岩浆上升到地壳浅部经历了白榴石的结晶作用。岩浆演化晚期,因钾质矿物大量晶出导致岩浆相对富钠而出现他形霞石和方钠石等填隙矿物。火山岩及地幔捕虏体中富挥发分矿物金云母、白榴石、磷灰石、霞石和方钠石还提供了钾质岩浆富含H₂O、F、Cl、P等挥发分的证据。     

Metasomatic origin of garnet xenocrysts from the V. Grib kimberlite pipe,Arkhangelsk region,NW Russia

This paper presents new major and trace element data from 150 garnet xenocrysts from the V. Grib kimberlite pipe located in the central part of the Arkhangelsk diamondiferous province (ADP). Based on the concentrations of Cr₂O₃, CaO, TiO₂ and rare earth elements (REE) the garnets were divided into seven groups: (1) lherzolitic “depleted” garnets (“Lz 1”), (2) lherzolitic garnets with normal REE patterns (“Lz 2”), (3) lherzolitic garnets with weakly sinusoidal REE patterns (“Lz 3”), (4) lherzolitic garnets with strongly sinusoidal REE patterns (“Lz 4”), (5) harzburgitic garnets with sinusoidal REE patterns (“Hz”), (6) wehrlitic garnets with weakly sinusoidal REE patterns (“W”), (7) garnets of megacryst paragenesis with normal REE patterns (“Meg”). Detailed mineralogical and geochemical garnet studies and modeling results suggest several stages of mantle metasomatism influenced by carbonatite and silicate melts. Carbonatitic metasomatism at the first stage resulted in refertilization of the lithospheric mantle, which is evidenced by a nearly vertical CaO-Cr₂O₃ trend from harzburgitic (“Hz”) to lherzolitic (“Lz 4”) garnet composition. Harzburgitic garnets (“Hz”) have probably been formed by interactions between carbonatite melts and exsolved garnets in high-degree melt extraction residues. At the second stage of metasomatism, garnets with weakly sinusoidal REE patterns (“Lz 3”, “W”) were affected by a silicate melt possessing a REE composition similar to that of ADP alkaline mica-poor picrites. At the last stage, the garnets interacted with basaltic melts, which resulted in the decrease CaO-Cr₂O₃ trend of “Lz 2” garnet composition. Cr-poor garnets of megacryst paragenesis (“Meg”) could crystallize directly from the silicate melt which has a REE composition close to that of ADP alkaline mica-poor picrites. P-T estimates of the garnet xenocrysts indicate that the interval of ～60–110 km of the lithospheric mantle beneath the V. Grib pipe was predominantly affected by the silicate melts, whereas the lithospheric mantle deeper than 150 km was influenced by the carbonatite melts.     

Neogene basanites in western Kamchatka: Mineralogy,geochemistry, and geodynamic setting

Neogene (N ₁ ² -N ₂ ¹ ?) K-Na alkaline rocks were found in western Kamchatka as a subvolcanic basanite body at Mount Khukhch. The basanites have a microphyric texture with olivine phenocrysts in a fine-grained doleritic groundmass. The olivine contains inclusions of Al-Cr spinel. The microlites consist of clinopyroxene, plagioclase, magnetite, and apatite, and the interstitial phases are leucite, nepheline, and analcime. The Mount Khukhch basanites are characterized by elevated concentrations of MgO, TiO₂, Na₂O, and K₂O, high concentrations of Co, Ni, Cr, Nb, Ta, Th, U, LREE (La_N/Yb_N = 10.8?12.6, Dy_N/Yb_N = 1.4?1.6) at moderate concentrations of Zr, Hf, Rb, Ba, Sr, Pb, and Cu. The values of indicator trace-element ratios suggest that basanites in western Kamchatka affiliate with the group of basaltoids of the within-plate geochemical type: Ba/Nb = 10?12, Sr/Nb = 17?18, Ta/Yb = 1.3?1.6. The basanites of western Kamchatka show many compositional similarities with the Miocene basanites of eastern Kamchatka, basanites of some continental rifts, and basalts of oceanic islands (OIB). The geochemistry of these rocks suggests that the basanite magma was derived via the ～6% partial melting of garnet-bearing peridotite source material. The crystallization temperatures of the first liquidus phases (olivine and spinel) in the parental basanite melt (1372–1369°C) and pressures determined for the conditions of the “mantle” equilibrium of the melt (25–26 kbar) are consistent with the model for the derivation of basanite magma at the garnet depth facies in the mantle. The geodynamic environment in which Neogene alkaline basaltic magmas occur in western Kamchatka was controlled by the termination of the Oligocene—Early Miocene subduction of the Kula oceanic plate beneath the continental margin of Kamchatka and the development of rifting processes in its rear zone. The deep faulting of the lithosphere and decompression-induced magma generation simultaneous with mantle heating at that time could be favorable for the derivation of mantle basite magmas.     

Geochemistry of Santo Antônio da Barra Kamafugites, Goiás, Brazil

This work focuses on the kamafugites from Santo Antônio da Barra, Minas–Goiás Alkaline Province. These rocks contain olivine, clinopyroxene, titanomagnetite, perovskite, leucite (pseudomorphs), kalsilite, nepheline, and phlogopite.The rocks investigated are ultrabasic, with high contents of CaO, FeO, and TiO₂, high to moderate contents of Al₂O₃, alkalis, and P₂O₅, and low contents of MgO. The alkaline characteristic of the rocks is reflected in TiO₂, K₂O, and Na₂O contents and in the frequent presence of normative nepheline and leucite. K₂O contents are not primary since most of the leucite was replaced by analcime.The negative K anomaly verified in the extended incompatible element distribution diagram for kamafugites seems to be mainly related to alteration. Kamafugites are characterized by a marked enrichment in incompatible and large ion lithophile elements together with other typical compatible elements.The Santo Antônio da Barra kamafugites are less enriched in titanium, niobium, zirconium, and REE than the Mata da Corda and most of the Toro-Ankole ones. San Venanzo–Cupaello rocks have much lower titanium contents.