莫116井区水平井钻井设计优化与应用

莫116井区在水平井钻井施工过程中,面临着“缩、卡、塌、漏、喷、硬”等难题,为避免井下复杂事故、缩减钻井周期、降低作业风险,在该区开展了水平井优化设计与轨迹优化控制技术研究工作。通过井区已钻井资料论证分析,针对性地对井身结构和井眼轨迹控制提出了优化方案;根据前期实钻情况和钻柱力学分析,优化了水平井钻井钻具组合和钻井参数;通过优化泥浆体系,解决定向作业井段了井壁稳定性差、定向施工摩阻大、粘附卡钻几率高等问题。通过对上述研究成果的现场应用,实现了水平井优快钻井目标,二开定向段和三开井段平均机械钻速相比优化前水平分别提高27%、30%,其中M614等井实现了“一趟钻”完成了水平段钻进目标。     

米104盐井对接施工工艺实例

米104井位于陕西省榆林市米脂县，与米103井相距350m，设计对接靶点垂深2536．05m，造斜点垂深2330m．水平段124．79m。该井设计为三开井身结构，在施工中，根据不同的岩性采用了不同的的施工工艺及不同的钻井液。米104井钻进深度至2789m时，泥浆全部漏失，达到了一次对接成功。     

控压钻井技术在涪陵页岩气田的实践与认识

随着涪陵页岩气田勘探开发进程的不断深入,长水平段页岩气井在钻井过程中遇到的复杂事故愈发凸显。目的层龙马溪组,裂缝发育、岩性构成复杂且破碎严重,钻井中钻井液密度窗口窄,易发生垮塌、溢漏同存、水平井段漏失大量油基泥浆等问题。为了快速、安全有效地钻穿复杂页岩层段,采用控压钻井技术破解长水平段页岩气井井漏的钻井难题,在焦页33-4HF井应用控压钻井技术,在长水平段钻遇多个不同压力系数的漏失显示层,安全钻达完钻井深,大大减少了油基泥浆的漏失及其不良影响,减小了经济损失,取得了显著应用效果。     

GYx地热井钻井液技术

高阳地热田GYx地热井,钻遇新近系及古近系地层较齐全,完钻井深3920 m,是一口三开井,目的层为蓟县系雾迷山组,施工中存在卡钻、漏失、掉块、坍塌及油气的风险。二开施工是钻井液的重点和难点,钻井液采用以大分子包被剂为主的聚合物泥浆及抗高温硅基防塌泥浆,使用耐高温的钻井液材料,按照地层压力控制钻井液密度,使用页岩抑制剂抑制页岩的水化膨胀,严格控制钻井液的失水量,使用润滑剂提高泥浆润滑性;采用四级钻井液固控设备并合理使用;所用钻井液性能良好,解决了施工中存在的风险问题,同时取得了较高的机械钻速。     

ADM6-4H井四开水平段钻井液技术

ADM6-4H井是AHDEB油田使用常规随钻测量仪器（MWD）和螺杆动力钻具组合完成的一口水平段长度1500 m、最大水平位移1915.17 m的6 in小井眼大位移水平井,也是AHDEB油田目前水平位移最大的一口水平井。该井四开水平段钻进使用聚磺混油钻井液体系,在携砂、井眼稳定和润滑减阻等方面效果突出。四开水平段钻速快,钻进扭矩小,钻井液性能稳定,无井壁失稳,无漏失,无卡钻,无托压,其经验技术值得借鉴。     

银川盆地第一口地热深井取心钻进工艺

在粉细砂－粉矿，粗－细砂，泥岩中成井的DR－Y1井，是宁夏地区的第一口地热勘探井，井深3100m，井身结构二开，开孔直径444．5mm，终孔直径244．5mm；选择般土聚合物体系泥浆，选配直径216mm硬质合金取心钻头，川8－3型取心筒，直径158．7mm，钻铤12根和直径127mm钻杆组成取心钻具；优选钻进参数；严格掌握钻井，割心及起下钻操作技术，确保取心成功率和岩心采取率均在90％以上，满足了水文地质的要求。     

WFSD-4孔深部流体分析和多组分地球化学特征

采用场内钻探流体实时分析和场外钻探泥浆分析的方法,获得汶川地震断裂带科学钻探工程4号钻孔(WFSD-4)中深部井段流体多组分分析结果。研究钻孔深部井段的流体剖面地球化学特征,认为来自地下深部流体在钻探过程中会保存在钻探循环泥浆中,随钻流体实时分析可记录明显的组分变化信号。钻孔岩心的岩性变化易引起钻探泥浆气体的变化,特别是钻探泥浆气体中的多组分变化,在钻孔岩性裂隙较为丰富的井段,是钻探泥浆气体组分变化强度较大区间。通过比较钻探泥浆的多组分和岩心岩性的弱相关性,可以推测钻探流体与余震相关性较强的区域和周期,更可能获得钻探流体与余震的相关程度。     

淮南丁集矿瓦斯排放井施工技术

丁集煤矿瓦斯排放井设计井深85lm，净直径630mm，其中表层土厚度约53lm。根据施工技术要求，钻孔结构设计为上段井径Ф1080mm，下qb830护壁管；下段井径780mm，下Ф630mm工作管。依据地层情况和设备技术性能确定钻井工艺方法、设备机具配套、钻井技术参数、泥浆工艺、下管方法及固井工艺。经验证，从开孔到固井，整个工序的各项指标均符合技术规范。     

HH12P103水平井优快钻井技术

HH12P103井是中石化华北分公司在鄂尔多斯盆地天环坳陷南端部署的一口评价井,井型为水平井。该井钻遇地层复杂,在环河有盐层,安定组和直罗组掉块严重容易卡钻,延安组还有煤层,水平段钻遇泥岩夹层,容易剥落;钻井过程中出现坍塌、漏失、井斜。针对这些地质复杂情况和钻井难点,在施工过程中优化钻具组合,使用单弯螺杆和MWD组合防斜,水平段带扶正器;工艺措施上尽量勤调整,但是每次少量调整,保证了井眼轨迹圆滑性;同时,施工过程中及时调整好泥浆性能,不间断使用三级固控设备,使用150目的振动筛,及时清除泥浆中的有害固相,保证井眼清洁,降低了摩阻和扭矩,从而提高了机械钻速。     

广西北海银滩(中区)污水管非开挖定向钻铺管技术及泥浆工艺

广西北海银滩(中区)污水管排管工程中一段污水管位于北海海滩上。该段工程的地层为松散的砂、砾石层，地下水位高，同时受海水侵蚀影响，无法采用传统开挖铺管工艺施工，非开挖定向钻铺管成为首选。主要介绍了在此情况下的定向钻铺管技术及泥浆工艺，分析和探讨了泥浆在此类地层的定向钻进施工中的重要作用。     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of     

OCEANOGRAPHY & MARINE GEOLOGY

正20140582 Fang Xisheng(Key Lab.of Marine Sedimentology and Environmental Geology,First Institute of Oceanography,State Oceanic Administration,Qingdao 266061,China);Shi Xuefa Mineralogy of Surface Sediment in the Eastern Area off the Ryukyu Islands and Its Geological Significance(Marine Geology Quaternary Geology,ISSN0256-1492,CN37     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141810 Bian Yumei(Geological Environmental Monitoring Center of Liaoning Province,Shenyang 110032,China);Zhang Jing Zoning Haicheng,Liaoning Province,by GeoHazard Risk and Geo-Hazard Assessment(Journal of Geological Hazards and Environment Preservation,ISSN1006-4362,CN51-1467/P,24(3),2013,p.5-9,2 illus.,tables,refs.)