东南极拉斯曼丘陵夕线石榴二长片麻岩的格林威尔期变质作用和构造意义

东南极拉斯曼丘陵出露的中-高级变质岩是普里兹湾基底岩系的主要组成部分,是研究普里兹湾高级区组成与演化的理想对象。本文对拉斯曼丘陵米洛半岛地区的夕线石榴二长片麻岩进行了岩石学、相平衡模拟和地质年代学研究。研究结果表明拉斯曼丘陵夕线石榴二长片麻岩矿物组合为石榴子石+堇青石+斜长石+钛铁矿+夕线石+石英±黑云母±钾长石,经历了格林威尔期(～980Ma)高温变质,其峰期阶段(M1)的矿物组合为石榴子石+斜长石+钾长石+钛铁矿+夕线石+石英,变质温压条件为:～820℃、～9. 6kbar。夕线石榴二长片麻岩的岩浆锆石比变质锆石具有更低的LREE和更高的HREE含量,其原岩的沉积年龄不早于～1073Ma,物源主要为中元古代岩浆岩(S-型花岗岩)。拉斯曼丘陵在格林威尔期经历了陆-陆碰撞,进而快速折返、剥蚀作用的过程。     

内蒙古集宁三岔口夕线堇青石榴二长片麻岩变质作用及年代学研究

三岔口夕线堇青石榴二长片麻岩出露于华北克拉通孔兹岩带东部的集宁变质杂岩中,该岩石保留了典型的减压反应结构。系统的岩相学观察和矿物化学研究结果表明,三岔口地区夕线堇青石榴二长片麻岩保存了两个阶段变质作用的矿物组合及相应的变质反应结构,其中峰期变质阶段M1的矿物组合为石榴石+夕线石+黑云母+石英+斜长石+钾长石+钛铁矿±磁铁矿;峰后减压的M2-1变质阶段矿物组合为石榴石+堇青石+夕线石+石英+斜长石+钾长石+钛铁矿±尖晶石,M2-2阶段的矿物组合为石榴石+堇青石+黑云母+石英+斜长石+钾长石+钛铁矿+磁铁矿±尖晶石。自峰期变质阶段到峰后减压阶段,典型的转变(减压)反应包括:Grt+Sil+Melt→Crd+Bt+Fe-oxide和Grt+Sil→Crd+Spl。相平衡模拟结合传统地质温压计限定峰期变质阶段的温压条件为T=852~862℃,P=9.3~10.2kbar;峰期后近等温减压的M2-1和M2-2阶段的温压条件分别为854~880℃和7.0~7.4kbar,820~848℃和5.3~6.4kbar。三岔口夕线堇青石榴二长片麻岩记录了典型的近等温减压型的顺时针P-T轨迹。阴极发光图像特征显示夕线堇青石榴二长片麻岩存在大量变质锆石,LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年结果表明,所有变质锆石记录了十分一致的207Pb/206Pb年龄,其变质时代为1912±11Ma。变质作用历史说明内蒙古孔兹岩带东段的集宁地体卷入了华北克拉通西部的阴山陆块和鄂尔多斯陆块之间的俯冲-碰撞,并经历了古元古代(~1912Ma)的麻粒岩相变质作用后快速折返至地表的过程。     

大青山-乌拉山变质杂岩带石拐地区富铝片麻岩成因矿物学与变质演化

大青山-乌拉山变质杂岩中石拐地区富铝片麻岩出露于华北克拉通孔兹岩带中段,包括夕线石榴堇青二长片麻岩、紫苏石榴黑云二长片麻岩和夕线石榴黑云二长片麻岩,与基性麻粒岩彼此呈互层或夹层产出.根据岩相学观察、成因矿物学和变质反应结构的系统研究,结合地质温压计估算以及相平衡模拟的综合分析,揭示石拐地区富铝片麻岩的变质演化可划分为四个变质阶段.其中,早期进变质阶段(M1)矿物组合以石榴石核部及其包裹的细粒矿物黑云母+石英+斜长石±夕线石±钾长石±尖晶石为特征;峰期变质阶段(M2)的稳定的矿物组合为石榴石+基质中粗粒夕线石+黑云母+石英+斜长石+钾长石±磁铁矿±钛铁矿,形成的温压条件为T=840 ～ 860℃,P=10.0～10.5kbar;峰后近等温减压阶段(M3)以石榴石边部发育含堇青石的后成合晶为特征,并发生一系列典型的减压反应:Grt+ Sil+ Qz→Crd、Grt+ Melt→Crd+ Bt+ PI和Grt+ Melt→Crd+ Qz±P1,形成新的矿物组合为石榴石+堇青石+黑云母+斜长石+石英±夕线石±紫苏辉石,相应的温压条件为T=720～ 800℃和P=5.6 ～6.1kbar;晚期角闪岩相降温阶段(M4)的矿物组合是石榴石+石榴边部细粒黑云母+斜长石+石英+磁铁矿±钾长石±钛铁矿,记录的温压条件为T=616 ～661℃和P=3.4 ～5.2kbar.石拐地区富铝片麻岩及相关岩石具有典型的近等温减压的顺时针P-T轨迹,峰后经历了近等温减压和近等压降温的变质演化阶段.上述研究结果表明,石拐地区富铝片麻岩曾卷入到华北克拉通西部的阴山陆块和鄂尔多斯陆块间的俯冲-碰撞造山及随后的快速隆升的演化过程.     

浙西南八都杂岩早中生代泥质麻粒岩变质作用及构造意义

遂昌-大柘泥质麻粒岩出露于华夏地块东北部的浙西南八都杂岩中,该岩石保留了典型的减压反应结构.但其变质演化特点、变质作用时代及构造意义目前尚不明确.通过系统的岩相学、矿物化学和同位素年代学分析,结果表明遂昌-大柘泥质麻粒岩记录了4个阶段的变质矿物组合,其中早期进变质阶段M₁的矿物组合为石榴石+黑云母+石英;压力峰期变质阶段M₂的矿物组合为石榴石+铝绿泥石+金红石+蓝晶石+刚玉+黑云母+石英±十字石,该矿物组合可能预示着岩石曾经历了超高压变质作用过程;峰期变质阶段M₃的矿物组合为石榴石+黑云母+夕线石+石英±钾长石±斜长石±钛铁矿;峰后近等温降压M_4-1阶段的矿物组合为石榴石+黑云母+夕线石+堇青石+石英+钛铁矿±尖晶石±斜长石±钾长石;M_4-2阶段的矿物组合为石榴石+堇青石+夕线石+斜长石+黑云母+石英±钾长石.相平衡模拟结合传统地质温压计限定其峰期变质阶段的温压条件为T=780~810 ℃、P=8.0~9.2 kbar;峰期后近等温降压的M_4-1阶段的温压条件为T=780~860 ℃和P=5.7~6.0 kbar,M_4-2阶段的温压条件为T=~700 ℃和P=~4.4 kbar,具有典型的顺时针近等温减压型P-T轨迹特征.LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年结果表明其麻粒岩相变质作用时代为233.5~238.9 Ma.变质作用历史说明浙西南地体可能卷入了古特提斯洋域内印支-华南-华北板块之间的俯冲-碰撞过程,并经历了早中生代的麻粒岩相变质作用后快速折返至地表.      

麻山群孔兹岩系中的堇青片麻岩

黑龙江省东部麻山群中堇青片麻岩的主要矿物组合有石榴石＋夕线石＋堇青石＋石英＋钾长石＋黑云母；石榴石＋夕线石＋堇青石＋钾长石＋尖晶石；堇青石＋夕线石＋斜长石；柱晶石＋堇青石＋斜长石＋夕线石＋石榴石＋电气石；堇青石＋紫苏辉石＋石榴石＋斜长石＋黑云母＋石英。这些含堇青石组合是在麻粒岩相条件下已存石榴石＋夕线石＋石英矿物组合分解反应的产物，其形成压力（０．４５－０．５ＧＰａ＿比麻粒岩相“高峰”压力明显低，     

藏南吉隆地区大喜马拉雅结晶杂岩的新生代变质作用和构造意义

大喜马拉雅结晶杂岩位于喜马拉雅造山带的核部,其变质作用的研究是揭示碰撞造山作用和动力学的关键。本文对喜马拉雅造山带中部吉隆地区的大喜马拉雅结晶杂岩中的片麻岩和片岩进行了岩石学和锆石U-Pb年代学的研究,表明这些高级变质岩经历了高角闪岩相的变质作用和部分熔融,以及近等温降压的退变质过程。片麻岩和片岩的峰期变质矿物组合为斜长石+钾长石+黑云母+白云母+石英±石榴子石±钛铁矿和石榴子石+蓝晶石+斜长石+黑云母+白云母+钛铁矿+石英,晚期退变质矿物组合为斜长石+钾长石+黑云母+白云母+夕线石+石英±石榴子石和石榴子石+夕线石+斜长石+黑云母+白云母+钛铁矿+石英。相平衡模拟研究表明,岩石的峰期变质条件为685~755℃和9.5~12kbar,退变质作用条件为675~685℃和6~7.4kbar。锆石U-Pb年代学表明,高级变质岩的部分熔融时间为38~16Ma,熔体结晶时间为17~15Ma。本次研究表明,大喜马拉雅结晶杂岩中、上部并没有普遍经历高压麻粒岩相变质作用,部分地区包括吉隆地区经历的是高角闪岩相变质作用。此外,本文在吉隆地区高级变质的大喜马拉雅结晶杂岩中识别出较低级变质的特提斯喜马拉雅岩系单元。结合已发表的藏南拆离断裂的主要活动时间,本文认为构造楔模型更适用于研究区喜马拉雅造山过程的解释。     

攀枝花大田地区康定群咱里组变质杂岩P—T—t轨迹及其构造意义

扬子板块西缘的康定杂岩为一套由侵入岩和变质岩共同组成的岩浆—变质混合杂岩,是研究罗迪尼亚超大陆裂解的重要窗口。长期以来对康定杂岩中的岩浆杂岩研究较多,但对变质杂岩研究较为薄弱。为全面了解康定杂岩形成的构造背景及成因机制,笔者等对扬子板块西缘的攀枝花大田地区康定群咱里组石榴夕线黑云斜长片麻岩进行了详细的岩相学、矿物地球化学、变质P—T条件估算研究,同时对同一层位的石榴二云片岩进行了锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学分析。结果表明：石榴夕线黑云斜长片麻岩可识别出三期变质矿物组合：进变质阶段矿物组合(M1)为石榴子石变斑晶核部及其核部包裹体(石榴子石核部+第一期黑云母+第一期夕线石+钛铁矿+石英),P—T条件为609～690℃—0.2～0.3 GPa;峰期变质阶段矿物组合(M2)为石榴子石变斑晶幔部及变基质矿物(石榴子石幔部+第二期黑云母+第二期夕线石+斜长石+石英),P—T条件为643～732℃—0.20～0.51 GPa;退变质阶段矿物组合(M3)为石榴子石变斑晶边部及变基质矿物(石榴子石边部+第二期黑云母+第二期夕线石+斜长石+石英),P—T条件为602～687℃—0.27～0.3...     

沂水杂岩中变泥砂质岩石的岩石化学特征及年代

含夕线石十字石榴二云斜长片麻岩是沂水杂岩中首次发现的一种少见的变泥砂质岩石,包裹于沂水生心官庄岩浆杂岩体中,为残留的变质表壳岩透镜体,它经历了两期变质作用的改造.早期高角闪岩相变质与区域麻粒岩相变质有关,峰期矿物共生组合主要为:石榴子石(中心域)+黑云母±白云母+斜长石+石英,M1峰期变质温压条件为:T=660±10℃,P=5.7±0.3kb;晚期角闪岩相变质矿物共生组合为:十字石+石榴子石(边部域)+黑云母±白云母+斜长石±夕线石+石英,以形成大量自形-半自形十字石和具有明显的成分环带的石榴子石为特征,晚期石榴子石的形成由核部→边部经历了一降温降压过程,石榴子石核部:T=650±10℃,P=7.7±0.5Kb,石榴子石边部:T=578±10℃,P=4.7±0.1kb;晚期变质作用早期(石榴子石成核)阶段与埋深导致的部分熔融有关,晚期石榴子石生长阶段与岩浆热事件有关.锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年结果表明:碎屑锆石不一致线上交点年龄为2695±32Ma,代表变泥砂质岩石源区岩浆岩的结晶年龄,变泥砂质岩石的早期变质变质作用年龄小于此值;晚期变质作用年龄为2537±5Ma.     

点苍山-哀牢山变质杂岩带变沉积岩的变质演化

点苍山-哀牢山变质杂岩带位于青藏高原东南缘大理-元江-元阳-河口一带,出露规模达数百千米,是扬子板块和印支陆块之间的一条重要构造带.该变质杂岩带主要由各类正片麻岩、副片麻岩、大理岩所组成,夹有斜长角闪岩、石榴辉石岩和超镁铁质岩石的透镜体或团块.其中,变沉积岩如含夕线石和蓝晶石的片麻岩类岩石保存了多阶段的矿物组合及异常复杂的矿物相转变关系.详细的岩相学、成因矿物学以及矿物相转变关系分析表明,变沉积岩系经历了早期进变质阶段(M1)、峰期角闪-麻粒岩相变质阶段(M2)、峰后近等温减压(脱水熔融)阶段(M3)以及晚期退变质阶段(M4)的变质演化.其中,M1阶段的稳定矿物组合为石榴石+斜长石+白云母+石英+十字石±蓝晶石±黑云母±钾长石,M2阶段的稳定矿物组合为石榴石+黑云母+蓝晶石/夕线石+斜长石+石英、石榴石+黑云母+斜长石+石英±钾长石±夕线石,M3阶段的共生矿物组合为石榴石+黑云母+夕线石+斜长石+石英,M4阶段的矿物组合为黑云母+白云母+斜长石+石英±钾长石±石榴石等.通过传统GB-GASP温压计和二云母温度计的估算结果,配合P-T视剖面定量计算,确定早期进变质阶段(M1)的温压条件为T=560 ～ 590℃,P=5.5 ～6.3kb,峰期角闪-麻粒岩相阶段(M2)的温压条件为T=720～ 760℃、P=8.0～9.3kb,峰后近等温减压阶段(M3)的温度压力条件为T=640～760℃,P=5.0～7.3kb,晚期退变阶段(M4)的温压条件为T=521～648℃,P=4.0～5.0kb.上述研究结果表明,点苍山-哀牢山变沉积岩记录了典型碰撞造山带型式的顺时针P-T演化轨迹,表明点苍山-哀牢山变质杂岩带的形成与印度板块和欧亚板块之间的俯冲-碰撞存在密切的成因关系.     

中阿尔金南缘志留纪高压泥质片麻岩的发现及其构造地质意义

在中阿尔金南缘西段尤努斯萨依北部原划长城系巴什库尔干岩群中首次发现一套高压泥质片麻岩。根据岩相学观察和矿物化学成分可识别出其四期矿物共生组合:早期为石榴子石+多硅白云母+单斜辉石(?)+斜长石+黑云母+石英+金红石+钛铁矿;第二期为石榴子石+蓝晶石+钾长石+斜长石+黑云母+石英+金红石+钛铁矿;第三期为石榴子石+夕线石+钾长石+斜长石+黑云母+石英+金红石+钛铁矿;晚期为石榴子石+夕线石+斜长石+黑云母+石英+钛铁矿。依据矿物内部一致性热力学数据,基于THERMOCALC 3. 40程序平台,计算出P-T视剖面图,并结合矿物等值线、矿物对温压计等计算,依次确定四期变质温压条件为15. 8～18. 3kbar/646～729℃、10. 30～12. 30kbar/781～821℃、8. 50～9. 60kbar/812～838℃和4. 65～5. 70kbar/698～725℃。上述四期变质阶段共同构成一个早期降压升温后降压降温的顺时针型演化的P-T轨迹,指示出与陆壳俯冲-折返相关的变质地质事件。利用LA-ICP-MS进行的锆石原位微区U-Pb定年和微量元素分析结果表明,该岩石记录了432. 0±2. 7Ma、401. 4±2. 5Ma和381. 1±2. 4Ma三期变质年龄,可能分别代表了该岩石早期高压、中期高压麻粒岩相-麻粒岩相和后期角闪岩相变质阶段的时代。该高压岩石出露于中阿尔金地块西段南缘长城系巴什库尔干岩群之中,与南侧以断裂带分隔的赋存于阿尔金岩群之中的南阿尔金高压-超高压岩石出露的构造位置明显不同,其峰期变质时代(～432Ma)亦明显不同于南阿尔金高压-超高压岩石的峰期变质时代(～500Ma)。因此,该高压岩石与南阿尔金高压-超高压岩石显然不能构成同一条变质岩带。结合区域地质背景和前人关于柴北缘陆壳属性高压-超高压岩石峰期变质时代(～430Ma)的研究成果综合分析,本文初步认为该高压岩石可能是柴北缘高压-超高压变质岩带的西延或是被中新生代以来阿尔金复杂多期次走滑断裂系迁移而就位于中阿尔金南缘的部分柴北缘高压-超高压变质岩片/岩块。     

东濮凹陷北部沙河街组三段中亚段沉积环境分析

东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。     

The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads

In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning.     

郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论

据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。     

塘口水电站坝基岩体透水性和渗漏问题分析

塘口水电站大坝基础座落在断层和裂隙较发育的龟裂纹灰岩上,岩体完整性差、透水性强,多年运行后,大坝灌浆廊道和排水廊道出现多处集中性漏水,为确保大坝安全和电站正常发电,根据渗漏性质和成因,采用对灌浆廊道补充帷幕灌浆,对排水廊道进行固结+帷幕+回填灌浆。通过灌浆处理后,效果良好,表明灌浆工程有效的将导致坝基渗漏的上下游的裂隙通道封闭,并顺利的经受了随后的汛期洪水考验,大坝安全得到保障。     

Unity of the national and the international in the socio-cultural development of the peoples of the USSR

International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen.     

某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析

在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。      

Calculation of the Inverse of the Covariance

In reservoir characterization, the covariance is often used to describe the spatial correlation and variation in rock properties or the uncertainty in rock properties. The inverse of the covariance, on the other hand, is seldom discussed in geostatistics. In this paper, I show that the inverse is required for simulation and estimation of Gaussian random fields, and that it can be identified with the differential operator in regularized inverse theory. Unfortunately, because the covariance matrix for parameters in reservoir models can be extremely large, calculation of the inverse can be a problem. In this paper, I discuss four methods of calculating the inverse of the covariance, two of which are analytical, and two of which are purely numerical. By taking advantage of the assumed stationarity of the covariance, none of the methods require inversion of the full covariance matrix.     

Report of the restudy of the defined global stratotype of the base of the Silurian System

The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs.     

Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth

It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T ₃ = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″.     

Artemia in the Salt Lakes of Russia:the Productivity of Populations,the Reserves of the Cysts and the Fisheries

正Artemia cysts are an extremely important component of aquaculture diets.It is well established that the cultivation of fish and shellfish derive substantial health and growth advantages when Artemia are included in the diets of the