恩施渔塘坝富硒碳质岩中硒的赋存状态

在渔塘坝富硒碳质岩中发现了自然硒及其系列硒矿物的组合.这些硒矿物有自然硒、方硒铜矿、硒铜蓝、水硒铁石、硒银矿、含硒黄铁矿、含硒黄铜矿和难以确定名称的Fe-Se矿物.其中自然硒、方硒铜矿和硒铜蓝的矿物组合主要分布在断层面附近的碳质硅质岩中,自然硒与方硒铜矿的矿物组合主要分布在高碳质泥岩中,水硒铁石及未确定的Fe-Se矿物主要赋存于露头处的富硒碳质岩中.硒矿物中除自然硒较普遍地存在外,其他矿物并不是均匀地分布于富硒碳质岩中,而是局部性地出现.Cu-Se矿物的大量发育表明铜可能在硒的表生迁移转化中起着某种重要的作用.     

湖北恩施渔塘坝地区发现的系列硒矿物

湖北恩施渔塘坝发现了自然硒和硒的系列矿物.硒矿物有自然硒、方硒铜矿、硒铜蓝、水硒铁石、硒银矿和难以定名的Fe-Se矿物,含硒矿物有含硒黄铁矿和含硒黄铜矿.自然硒分布广泛,成因上可分为原生型、次生型和"石煤"燃烧型.自然硒与方硒铜矿的矿物组合在高炭质泥岩中比较发育,而与硒铜蓝和方硒铜矿的矿物组合主要分布在紧邻断层面的炭质硅质岩中,水硒铁石及未确定的Fe-Se矿物主要见于富硒炭质页岩露头、废弃"石煤"堆和石窑的废渣堆.自然硒、水硒铁石和铜硒矿物的大量发育,表明不同氧化还原条件对硒的表生迁移和转化起着重要作用.     

湖北恩施渔塘坝自然硒的分布及其环境意义

自然硒在渔塘坝富硒碳质岩层及其附近的土壤、废弃“石煤”堆中广泛发育。渔塘坝自然硒的空间分布与富硒碳质岩层密切相关，其纵向分布整体与富硒碳质岩层的走向一致，局部地段呈片状或环带状；横向上沿着富硒碳质岩层的倾向方向，从二叠纪茅口组的碳质硅质岩层到吴家坪组的碳质页岩层，自然硒的发现由易到难。渔塘坝当前的地质环境有利于自然硒的形成和保存，且一旦在表生环境形成后将会在特殊的地段发生次生富集。但是，自然硒形成的地质环境一旦被人类活动打破，暴露于地表的自然硒也能够发生迅速的氧化而再次迁移，进入河流和当地居民的食物链系统。因此，渔塘坝及恩施地区广泛分布的富硒碳质岩层为硒中毒的发生提供了必要条件，当荒地开垦或开挖“石煤”等人类活动为自然硒的氧化和迁移提供充分条件时，硒中毒的发生仍将不可避免。     

在中国首次发现的水硒铁石

本文描述在中国首次发现的少见矿物——水硒铁石(Fe_2~(3+)Se_3O_9·6H_2O)。它产于湖北省西南部恩施市以东的渔塘坝村,属于下二叠统马口组的碳质页岩里。此页岩富含硒,     

渔塘坝微地域硒分布的景观地球化学研究

选取迄今世界上唯一发生过人群硒中毒爆发性流行的地区－－湖北恩市双河乡渔塘坝为研究区。研究表明,在表生中－－强风化环境中,硒是个相当活泼的元素。在渔塘坝０．０１ｋｍ＾２的微地域内,土壤硒、玉米硒的分布存在着显著的不均一性。微地形、淋失条件是影响二者硒贪主其分布的主要因素。土壤硒含是基本决定了玉米硒含量。渔塘坝中硒在玉米中的基本分布规律是雄花、雌蕊〉叶〉籽〉根〉茎,上部叶片〉下部叶片、上部茎节〉下部茎     

渔塘坝独立硒矿床中硒赋存形式的电子探针分析研究

利用电子探针手段分析了渔塘坝独立硒矿床中硒的赋存方式，发现硒的赋存形式为：①独立硒矿物：硒铜蓝、蓝硒铜矿、方硒铜矿、自然硒等；②类质同象方式：主要进入黄铁矿晶格。     

贵州安龙戈塘氧化带中自然铝的发现

在贵州省西南部安龙县戈塘乡一带的黄钾铁矾化交代石英岩中,发现了极其罕见的天然矿物——自然铝。 本自然铝主要分布在黄钾铁矾的端点、边缘或充填在空洞中,少数分布在石英颗粒间。自然铝常与自然铜、自然硫等密切伴生,并交代黄钾铁矾。 本文详细介绍了自然铝的物理性质、化学成分及矿物共生组合等。     

渔塘坝硒矿床硒赋存形式的高分辨透射电镜研究

高分辨电镜研究发现渔塘坝硒矿石中硒主要以独立硒矿物和类质同象两种形式存在.独立硒矿物主要以自然硒大量出现,以有机吸附所占比重较大,而较少出现硒铁矿、硒银矿、蓝硒铜矿、硒铜蓝、方硒铜矿等独立硒矿物.以类质同象形式存在的硒,在Fe-S-Se系列中,以不同量替代S,形成的含硒黄铁矿和硒黄铁矿,颗粒很细,大多为纳米级(＜100nm).     

恩施硒中毒区土壤高硒的成因:自然硒的证据

在湖北恩施渔塘坝土壤硒分布的调查过程中,发现不同地段田地土壤中存在异常高硒样品。其硒含量变化范围是346~2018 mg/kg,平均(899±548)mg/kg(n=11),相对于坝内成土基岩和耕作土硒含量0.5 mg/kg与3.5 mg/kg的水平而言,表明这些土壤硒受到了外来源硒的严重污染。扫描电子显微镜的观察表明,这些土壤样品中均有大量晶体状自然硒的出现,其特征类似燃煤型成因的自然硒,证实了上世纪50年代后期恩施当地居民石煤火熏土作肥的耕作方式,并直接导致了田地土壤硒的骤然增加。渔塘坝当地居民在1963年间的硒中毒爆发性流行,乃至恩施地区人畜硒中毒的普遍流行,极可能是人为因素引起。     

多形态自然硒的首次发现及其成因初探

在湖北省恩施市渔塘坝的富硒碳质硅质岩、碳质页岩及其废弃岩中堆中,作者首次发现了多种形态的自然硒。本文根据自然硒的产出环境和成因将其分为三种,一种产于近地表废弃“石煤”堆中;一种与构造作用有关;另一种与表生风化作用有关。近地表废弃“石煤”堆中的自然硒是与岩层（或自燃）有关,见有晶形完好、颗粒粗大的晶体;与构造作用有关的自然硒多为毛发状、针状;与表生风化作用有关的自然硒颗粒细小,针状晶体少见。     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of     

OCEANOGRAPHY & MARINE GEOLOGY

正20140582 Fang Xisheng(Key Lab.of Marine Sedimentology and Environmental Geology,First Institute of Oceanography,State Oceanic Administration,Qingdao 266061,China);Shi Xuefa Mineralogy of Surface Sediment in the Eastern Area off the Ryukyu Islands and Its Geological Significance(Marine Geology Quaternary Geology,ISSN0256-1492,CN37     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141810 Bian Yumei(Geological Environmental Monitoring Center of Liaoning Province,Shenyang 110032,China);Zhang Jing Zoning Haicheng,Liaoning Province,by GeoHazard Risk and Geo-Hazard Assessment(Journal of Geological Hazards and Environment Preservation,ISSN1006-4362,CN51-1467/P,24(3),2013,p.5-9,2 illus.,tables,refs.)