高分辩率遥感在青海卡尔却卡地区铜多金属矿找矿预测中的应用

文章在分析青海卡尔却卡地区矽卡岩型铜多金属矿床成矿地质条件及控矿因素的基础上,利用WorldView-Ⅱ高分辨率影像进行地质解译和Aster影像蚀变信息提取,总结了矽卡岩型矿床控矿要素的影像特征,构建了矽卡岩型铜及多金属矿床遥感找矿模型。依据找矿模型和遥感解译信息,在卡尔却卡地区预测了找矿远景区,为该区进一步找矿勘查提供了依据。     

广西扶绥—崇左地区铝土矿矿产远景调查主要进展及成果

在龙州地区首次发现早石炭世的堆积型铝土矿矿源层,提出广西堆积型铝土矿至少存在早石炭世和晚二叠世两个时代的矿源层。探索运用高密度电阻率法寻找古风化壳沉积型铝土矿的有效性试验工作。提交新发现矿产地4处,探获新增铝土矿(334₁)资源量5 289.15万吨。重新厘定区域地层岩性及岩相特征,系统总结区内铝土矿矿床(点)的时空分布特征、控矿地质条件、成矿规律及找矿标志,建立了区域成矿模式和预测找矿模型,圈定成矿远景区5处,找矿靶区6处,开展区域矿产预测,初步评价了本区铝土矿资源潜力。为该地区下一步地质调查、矿产勘查规划和开发提供了丰硕的基础资料和有益参考。     

黔北德江地区中二叠世早期梁山组铝土矿含矿岩系特征及成矿规律

通过对黔北德江地区梁山组铝土矿野外地质特征、岩石地球化学特征、沉积特征进行研究,探讨了本区铝土矿含矿岩系沉积特征、沉积环境及成矿规律,预测铝土矿找矿靶区。研究表明,黔北德江地区铝土矿矿体赋存于沙沟向斜与红坳向斜两翼及核部的梁山组中,其形成的沉积环境为沼泽化瀉湖相,成矿物质来源可能为下志留统秀山组泥质砂岩。德江—沿河一带满足铝土矿成矿的相关条件,具有良好的成矿潜力,为新的铝土矿找矿靶区。文章在野外工作基础上总结的成矿规律和成矿模式,为今后的找矿工作提供了理论指导。     

贵州修文红黄铝土矿矿床地质特征及控矿因素

贵州修文红黄铝土矿床位于黔中铝土矿成矿带,铝土矿体产于下石炭统九架炉组中部或中下部,产状与地层产状基本一致。矿石按自然类型可分为碎屑状、半土状、致密状三种,一水硬铝石为主要矿物,为沉积型铝土矿床。通过野外地质观察及资料综合分析,总结了红黄铝土矿地质特征及矿体的变化规律,矿体与含矿岩系的厚度变化呈正相关关系。区内铝土矿严格受地层岩性、构造、岩相古地理、古气候等控矿因素的制约。提出了该区铝土矿找矿标志。     

印尼桑加卢比铅锌矿区电磁异常特征及找矿方向

印度尼西亚桑加卢比铅锌矿位于南苏拉威西省,属于环太平洋火山岛弧,是近年来发现的以铅锌为主兼有铜银金等大型多金属优质矿床。以自然电位和激发极化法面积测量筛选浅表异常,以瞬变电磁法剖面测量对重点矿致异常的矿体产状和分布特征进行评价。矿区的自然电位异常和激发极化法异常主要分布在比罗罗、卢满戈和满德拉三处,异常整体呈条带状延伸,据此推测这些电法异常为隐伏的北西向缓倾板状矿体所致。同时,将该矿与日本黑矿型矿床进行对比,总结二者的相似性和差异性,提出桑加卢比铅锌矿既有黑矿型矿床的特点,又具备典型的线性构造矿化的特征,是黑矿型与构造控矿型相结合的综合型矿床。从电法异常特征、黑矿型矿床特征及构造特征三方面提出找矿建议,为该地区及周边地区同类型矿床找矿工作提供借鉴。     

原平市东餐食铝土矿地质特征及找矿标志

通过对山西东餐食铝土矿含矿岩系特征、矿体特征、矿石质量特征、矿石类型(品级)和矿床成因研究,得出了该区铝土矿的地质特征及分布规律,提出了找矿标志。     

广西平果县龙律—果化堆积型铝土矿地质特征及找矿标志

广西龙律—果化铝土矿属堆积型铝土矿主要分布在以上泥盆统融县组、石炭系、中二叠统为基底的岩溶洼、谷地、坡地中。矿体的形成、规模、含矿率、矿石质量与矿源层、所处位置及岩溶洼地规模、地形地貌关系密切;矿物、化学成分及结构构造等基本上保持了矿源层的特点,同时又具有后期改造的特征。通过对矿床地质特征的综合分析,总结了区内主要矿化富集规律和建立找矿标志,为矿区下一步地质找矿指明方向。     

黔西南簸箕田1金矿段断控型矿体控矿作用

簸箕田1金矿属水银洞超大型金矿床重要组成部分。经近两年坑内钻探实施,新发现了赋存于龙潭组三段深部隐伏断裂F_(780)控制的断控型矿体,目前经生产勘探探明黄金资源/储量4.95 t,该类矿体厚度大,品位富,为目前矿区的主要矿体。本文以大量钻探及坑道资料为主要依据,对矿段控矿构造特征及其控矿作用进行了分析,尤其对新发现的断控型矿体的控矿构造特征及其控矿规律进行了系统研究,并提出了未来找矿方向和勘查建议。     

江西田村圩地区遥感地质信息提取及找矿预测

开展江西田村圩地区遥感地质解译,提取区域地质构造、侵入岩体、地层及蚀变信息,初步剖析测区典型矿床矿化遥感蚀变信息特征;提取研究区遥感成矿、控矿条件,开展区域成矿远景研究。依据离子吸附性稀土矿的成矿规律,综合遥感地貌解译和风化特征矿物异常信息提取结果,圈定5处稀土矿遥感找矿预测区。尝试建立石英脉型钨矿的遥感找矿预测模型,圈定钨矿找矿远景区4处,为区域地质调查工作提供找矿线索。     

黔北地区桃园向斜铝土矿矿床地质特征及找矿方向

桃园向斜铝土矿位于道真县东部,是务川-正安-道真地区铝土矿的一个组成部分.该铝土矿产于二叠纪梁山组地层中,属于沉积型铝土矿床,其中地质历史时期的沉积间断对铝土矿的形成有重要作用.通过对其成矿地质背景、矿床地质特征的分析,总结了桃园向斜铝土矿的控矿因素及其找矿标志,并指出向斜的深部及西翼中部和南部具有较大的找矿潜力.     

Unity of the national and the international in the socio-cultural development of the peoples of the USSR

International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen.     

Report of the restudy of the defined global stratotype of the base of the Silurian System

The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs.     

Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth

It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T ₃ = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″.     

东濮凹陷北部沙河街组三段中亚段沉积环境分析

东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。     

The Tendencies of the Development of the Mineral-Resources Sector at the Turn of the Century

Important tendencies in development of the world mineral-resources sector at the beginning of the 21st century were an increase in production and consumption of mineral materials differentiated by types of metals and nonmetallic mineral raw materials, by countries and regions, as well as the concentration of the production of mineral raw materials in a small number of countries, and a reduction in industrial reserves of minerals in the world economy, even at the current stage of their extraction. These tendencies should be taken into account in working out a strategy for development of the Russian mineral raw-material base.     

Causes of the famine among the rural population of the Sahelian zone of the Sudan

Taking the example of W Sudan, an analysis of the climatic incidents leading to the two recent famine disasters is made. On this natural background, the human side is investigated. Focus is directed towards the fragile economic structure of the famine-prone population groups. An early-warning system for famine in the Sahelian Zone is proposed taking grain production and storage, livestock development and the relationship between the prices of livestock and grain as major indicators.     

郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论

据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。     

The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads

In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning.