阿尔泰花岗岩类型与成岩模型的REE及O、Pb、Sr、Nd同位素组成依据

根据 REE 分布模式和 O、Pb、Sr、Nd 同位素组成特征,采用构造环境、物质来源和形成方式等多级标准,将阿尔泰花岗岩类划分为两个系列、五种类型,即造山花岗岩系列(阿尔泰系列),包括:壳-幔同熔型(青格里型),地壳交代型(额尔齐斯型),地壳重熔型(尚可兰型);非造山花岗岩系列(乌伦古系列),包括:幔源分异型(布尔根型),幔     

东昆仑造山带三叠纪岩浆混合成因花岗岩的岩浆底侵作用机制

东昆仑造山带广泛出露三叠纪岩浆混合成因花岗岩，它们具有共同的特征：岩体成分变化大；花岗岩类岩石中富含镁铁质微粒包体（mafic microgranular enclave--MME）；不同岩性之间常常呈渐变过渡关系。同时，这些岩体无一例外都和代表下地壳的深变质岩共生，暗示岩浆就位于地壳深部。此外，东昆仑地区广泛发育基性侵入体，它们产在深变质岩中，或者与岩浆混合成因花岗岩类共生，暗示下地壳物质的部分熔融和岩浆混合成因花岗岩的形成有可能与基性岩浆底侵作用有关。笔者选择东昆仑加鲁河这一典型的岩浆混合成因花岗岩体为例，对其岩石学、地球化学、同位素地球化学等特征进行了详细研究，认为幔源岩浆底侵作用是这类岩体形成的直接原因，并对幔源岩浆底侵作用和岩浆混合成因花岗岩之间的成因联系以及幔源岩浆底侵作用在东昆仑造山带三叠纪地壳生长和构造演化中所起的重要作用进行了讨论，构建了加厚陆壳背景下的断离-底侵-混合-拆沉作用模型。     

豫西南地区北秦岭地体新元古代花岗岩类岩石成因及其地质意义

北秦岭地体中新元古代花岗岩类岩石是秦岭造山带的重要组成部分,记录了造山带基底前寒武纪地壳形成和演化历史。本文报道方庄和德河花岗岩岩体的锆石U-Pb年龄和O同位素组成、全岩元素和Sr-Nd同位素地球化学组成,探讨其岩石成因和地壳演化意义。结果表明,方庄花岗质糜棱岩的锆石结晶年龄为933.4±9.2Ma,δ18O值8.3‰～11.9‰,初始87Sr/86Sr比值0.72455,初始εNd值-6.0,Nd模式年龄2.09Ga(tDM2);德河黑云斜长片麻岩的锆石结晶年龄为948.1±8.9Ma,初始87Sr/86Sr比值变化较大,初始εNd值-5.0,Nd模式年龄2.02Ga。结合已报道的新元古代花岗岩类岩体的年龄和地球化学数据,北秦岭地体新元古代岩浆作用可以划分为980～870Ma挤压碰撞作用和～844Ma伸展裂解作用两大阶段,包括～940Ma强烈变形S型同碰撞花岗岩、～880Ma弱-无变形后碰撞I型花岗岩和～844Ma板内A型碱性岩三类花岗岩体。地球化学组成显示,这些花岗岩类岩石可能源自不同时期形成的秦岭群基底杂岩的部分熔融,但在后碰撞阶段幔源物质或年轻地壳物质的加入明显增加。北秦岭地体中新元古代岩浆活动与Rodinia超大陆演化基本同时代,可能记录超大陆形成过程中的地壳响应。在新元古代之前,北秦岭地体或许具有不同于华北陆块和华南陆块的演化历史。     

甘肃北山野马泉岩体同位素地球化学特征

Nd、Sr、Pb同位素研究结果揭示：甘肃北山野马泉岩体第Ⅰ、Ⅱ侵入阶段花岗岩类具有Ⅰ-型花岗岩的特征，(87Sr/86Sr)i=0.708~0.710，εNd=-2.229~-5.866，在207 Pb/204Pb-206Pb/204Pb构造模式图上其投影点落在造山带演化线附近，在εNd-εSr图解中，其投影点落人Ⅰ-型花岗岩类范围内，其成岩物质为壳幔混合来源。第Ⅲ侵人阶段的岩石成因类型为S-型，其(87Sr/86Sr)i=0.7149~0.7358, εNd＝-7.3750~-8.9556。该岩体形成的地球动力学环境是北山陆内碰撞造山带。     

不同来源两个系列Li-F花岗岩的同位素组成区别

根据地质和地球化学特点,特别是同位素组成,将Li-F花岗岩划分为浅源南岭系列(系列Ⅰ)和深源长江系列(系列Ⅱ).系列Ⅰ的δO18＞10‰,ISr＞0.7100,εNd(t)＜-6,在207Pb/204Pb-206Pb204Pb铅同位素构造图上位于上地壳线附近;系列Ⅱ的δ18O＜10‰,ISr＜0.7100,εNd(t)＞-6,在207Pb/204Pb-206Pb/204铅同位素构造图上位于地幔线与造山带线之间.说明浅源南岭系列Li-F花岗岩物质来源比较浅,以上地壳(再循环地壳)物质为主,而深源长江系列Li-F花岗岩物质来源比较深,以地幔、下地壳和造山带(原生地壳)物质为主.     

西藏曲水岩基的Pb、Sr同位素组成及其三元混合成因模式

本文综合分析了西藏曲水岩基的Pb、Sr同位素组成特征，并运用同位素的混合模式对该岩基的物质来源和成因进行了进一步的深入研究。结果表明，该岩基的Pb、Sr同位素组成较好地符合三元混合模式。结合冈底斯岩带的地质、构造及其他地球化学特征，得出曲水岩基花岗岩类岩石的物质来源包括幔源岩浆、前造山带和上地壳物质三部分。     

中国东南部花岗岩成因与地壳演化

中国东南部不同时代花岗岩类的分布十分广泛 ,各类花岗岩的出露面积达 2 0 0 0 0 0km2 以上。其中 ,前侏罗纪花岗岩大部分具有较低的ε(Nd ,t)、较高的Ni(87Sr) /Ni(86Sr)和较古老的Nd模式年龄 ,相似于周围的前寒武纪基底变质岩。因此 ,它们的主体属壳源型 ,其成因可能主要同华夏地块与扬子地块之间的多次碰撞拼贴有关 ,由当时被加厚的地壳在降压条件下部分熔融形成。燕山期花岗岩在中国东南部分布最广。其中 ,呈东西向展布的燕山早期花岗岩 (南岭花岗岩 )被认为是与印支运动有联系的后造山花岗岩组合 ,多数具壳源型特征。而主要分布于东南沿海的燕山晚期花岗岩则不同 ,它们具有较高的ε(Nd ,t)、较低的Ni(87Sr) /Ni(86Sr)和相对年轻的Nd模式年龄 ,反映其源区中含有较多的地幔组分。它们的形成可能同太平洋板块俯冲、玄武岩浆底侵以及由此引起的地壳深熔和壳幔混合有关。根据花岗岩的Nd模式年龄以及地壳岩石中继承锆石U Pb年龄 ,认为中国东南部地壳具幕式生长特征 ,古—中元古代为主要的生长期。     

浙江莫干山花岗岩体锆石U-Pb、全岩Rb-Sr年代学、Sr-Nd-O同位素地球化学及成因研究

莫干山花岗岩体位于东天目山晚中生代火山盆地东端,用LA-ICPMS进行锆石U-Pb定年得到年龄为128.1±2.1Ma,全岩Rb Sr等时线定年结果为135.4±4.3 Ma,表明其属燕山晚期岩浆活动产物.莫干山花岗岩的Sr-Nd-O同位素分析结果为:初始87Sr/86Sr=0.70933;εNd(t)=-3.75～ - 6.4;δ18O=8.86‰～10.78‰,表明其成因类型属Ⅰ型花岗岩,是壳-幔物质混合形成的.按Sr Nd双变量二元混合模型计算得出源区物质中地壳端员和亏损地幔端员的贡献份额分别为47％～49％、51％～53％.莫干山花岗岩与建德群黄尖组火山岩的锆石U-Pb年龄、全岩Rb Sr等时线年龄基本一致,其Nd-Sr同位素组成也很相似,表明它们来自同一岩浆源.     

新疆北部后碰撞幔源岩浆活动与陆壳纵向生长

新疆北部后碰撞幔源岩浆活动强烈。Nd、Sr和Pb同位素资料表明,在330～250Ma的后碰撞期间,有大量的幔源花岗岩类和少量的镁铁—超镁铁杂岩在上地壳侵位。与加里东、海西和喜马拉雅等造山带起源于再循环陆壳的花岗岩类不同,新疆北部后碰撞岩浆岩一般表现出ε_(Nd)(t)值高、(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)值相对较低、Nd和Pb模式年龄年轻等特点。阿尔泰山和天山的一些后碰撞花岗岩类可能具有陆壳源区的特点或表现出地壳物质对幔源岩浆及其分异产物有不同程度的混染,东、西准噶尔花岗岩类很少甚至没有受到陆壳物质混染。新疆北部后碰撞花岗岩类和镁铁—超镁铁杂岩主要是幔源岩浆及其分异产物在上地壳侵位的结果。这些幔源花岗岩类代表了新生的初始地壳,其时代可代表地壳形成时代。在后碰撞阶段,新疆北部的陆壳以纵向生长为特征。     

青藏高原中新生代花岗岩Sr、Nd同位素研究

青藏高原中新生代岩浆活动强烈，本文报道青藏高原西部中新生代代表性花岗岩的Sr，Nd同位素测定结果，结合前人已发表的东部地区花岗岩同位素资料，初步探讨了青藏高原地区中新生代花岗岩的Sr，Nd同位素组成、物质来源与成因。研究表明，分布于冈底斯地块北南边界(即冈底斯花岗岩北带和南带)与洋壳俯冲有关的燕山晚期花岗岩，具有低^87Sr／^86Sr初始值(小于0．706)、正εNd(t)值和年轻的t2DM模式年龄的特征，岩浆来源于俯冲洋壳的熔融；与陆-陆碰撞及碰撞后有关的冈底斯花岗岩^87Sr／^86Sr初始值变化大(0．706～0719)，而εNd(t)值和t2DM都在很小范围变化，Sr、Nd同位素组成似乎与时代、岩性无关，说明壳幔混合花岗岩的同位素源区长时期保持相对均一。无洋壳物质参与的通过陆内俯冲作用形成的喜马拉雅区花岗岩，具有高^87Sr/^86Sr初始值(大于0.720)、古老模式t2DM年龄(1792～2206Ma)和低εNd(t)值(-10．3～-16．3)特征，并与基底岩石的Sr，Nd组成一致，岩浆源区为壳源。由此说明花岗岩类及其岩石组合的形成主要取决于深部部分熔融物质的成分，不同火成岩组合的差异反映了青藏高原岩石圈组成和演化的不均一性。     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

Inter-regional correlation of transgressions and regressions in the Cretaceous period

Well investigated platforms have been selected in each continent, and the history of Cretaceous transgressions and regressions there is concisely reviewed from the available evidence. The factual records have been summarized into a diagram and the timing of the events correlated between distant as well as adjoining areas.On a global scale, major transgressions were stepwise enlarged in space and time from the Neocomian, via Aptian-Albian, to the Late Cretaceous, and the post-Cretaceous regression was very remarkable. Minor cycles of transgression-regression were not always synchronous between different areas. Some of them were, however, nearly synchronous between the areas facing the same ocean.Tectono-eustasy may have been the main cause of the phenomena of transgression-regression, but certain kinds of other tectonic movements which affected even the so-called stable platforms were also responsible for the phenomena. The combined effects of various causes may have been unusual in the Cretaceous, since it was a period of global tectonic activity. The slowing down of this activity followed by readjustments may have been the cause of the global regression at the end of the Cretaceous.     

The lamprophyres of Afyon stratovolcano,western Anatolia,Turkey: description and genesis

The Afyon stratovolcano exhibits lamprophyric rocks, emplaced as hydrovolcanic products, aphanitic lava flows and dyke intrusions, during the final stages of volcanic activity. Most of the Afyon volcanics belong to the silica-saturated alkaline suite, as potassic trachyandesites and trachytes, while the products of the latest activity are lamproitic lamprophyres (jumillite, orendite, verite, fitztroyite) and alkaline lamprophyres (campto-sannaite, sannaite, hyalo-monchiquite, analcime–monchiquite). Afyon lamprophyres exhibit LILE and Zr enrichments, related to mantle metasomatism.     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20140751 Guo Xincheng(Geological Party,BGMRED of Xinjiang,Changji 831100,China);Zheng Yuzhuang Determination and Geological Significance of the Mesoarchean Craton in Western Kunlun Mountains,Xinjiang,China(Geological Review,ISSN0371-5736,CN11-1952/P,59(3),2013,p.401-412,8     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141058 Chen Ling(Key Laboratory of Mathematical Geology of Sichuan Province,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu610059,China);Guo Ke Study of Geochemical Ore-Forming Anomaly Identification Based on the Theory of Blind Source Separation(Geosci-     

SEISMIC GEOLOGY

正20141334 Chen Kun(Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing100081,China);Yu Yanxiang Shakemap of Peak Ground Acceleration with Bias Correction for the Lushan,Sichuan Earthquake on April20,2013(Seismology and Geology,ISSN0253-4967,CN11-2192/P,35(3),2013,p.627-633,2 illus.,1 table,9 refs.)Key words:great earthquakes,Sichuan Province     

HISTORICAL GEOLOGY & STRATIGRAPHY

正20141624 Cai Xiongfei(Key Laboratory of Geobiology and Environmental Geology,Ministry of Education,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Yang Jie A Restudy of the Upper Sinian Zhengmuguan and Tuerkeng Formations in the Helan Mountains(Journal of Stratigraphy,ISSN0253-4959CN32-1187/P,37(3),2013,p.377-386,5 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20142263Lü Shaojun(Geological Survey of Jiangxi Province,Nanchang 330030,China)Early-Middle Permian Biostratigraphical Characteristics in Qiangduo Area,Tibet(Resources SurveyEnvironment,ISSN1671-4814,CN32-1640/N,34(4),2013,p.221-227,2illus.,2tables,22refs.)Key words:biostratigraphy,Lower Permian,Middle Permian,Tibet     

MATHEMATICAL GEOLOGY

正20142560Hu Hongxia(Regional Geological and Mineral Resources Survey of Jilin Province,Changchun 130022,China);Dai Lixia Application of GIS Map Projection Transformation in Geological Work(Jilin Geology,ISSN1001-2427,CN22-1099/P,32(4),2013,p.160-163,4illus.,2refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20140692 Duo Tianhui(No.402 Geological Team,Exploration of Geology and Mineral Resources of Sichuan Authority,Chengdu611730,China);Wang Yongli Computer Simulation of Neptunium Existing Forms in the Groundwater(Computing Techniques for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,ISSN1001-1749,CN51-1242/P,35(3),