广西大厂铜坑锡多金属矿床Re-Os同位素地球化学特征

<正>大厂铜坑锡多金属矿床位于桂西北河池市南丹县境内。该区蕴藏大量的Sn、Pb、Zn、Cu、Sb、W等有色、贵重和稀散金属矿产资源,是我国重要的有色金属产地。结合大厂铜坑锡多金属矿床的地质特征,对该矿床的Re-Os同位素地球化学特征进行研究,可以初探出大厂铜坑锡多金属矿床的成矿机制,还可以更好的指导区内矿产资源的可持续发展,有效的缓解矿山资源危机。     

个旧-大厂地区地质构造演化及锡多金属成矿

个旧-大厂锡多金属矿床不是简单的燕山晚期地台环境的“花岗岩岩浆期后气液矿床”，矿区地处三大板块的交接部位附近的个旧-大厂锡矿，前泥盆纪区域构造岩浆活动及锡多金属成矿作用强烈，泥盆纪-三叠纪裂谷作用和锡多金属成矿特点突出。泥盆纪受北西向同沉积断裂控制，在南丹-河池一带裂谷作用明显，发生了海底喷流成矿，加上印支-燕山期构造岩浆改造，形成了大厂锡矿。三叠纪受北东向个旧-兴义-晴隆同沉积断裂控制，在个旧、兴义一带发生的裂谷作用，伴随基性火山成矿、喷流热水沉积成矿和燕山晚期花岗岩改造(叠加)成矿，从而形成了个旧锡矿。     

大厂锡矿床成因综合分析及成矿模式

本文通过对大厂锡多金属矿床区域成矿地质环境、矿体形态特征、原生金属-矿物分带、矿床地球化学的综合分析与研究,论述了该矿床在许多方面具有喷气沉积成因的特点。为此,我们把大厂锡多金属矿床与块状硫化物矿床、绿岩带金矿床及某些层控锡矿床进行了对比,从而明确了大厂锡矿属于含锡块状硫化物型层控锡矿床。本文还从发展、演化的角度,对大厂层控锡矿形成后的变形-变质作用进行了系统研究,阐明了同生与后生地质现象同时存在的原因,解决了对该矿床所提出彼此矛盾成因假说的难题。最后,建立了大厂锡矿的成因模式,并探讨了该超大型锡矿形成的特殊地质环境。     

冰长石——大厂锡一多金属矿床同生

钾长石在大厂锡－多金属矿床分布广泛，与成矿关系密切。长期以来，对其成因有种种不同看法。本文最新研究证明，该矿床中的钾长石属于冰长石和钡冰长石，系钾长石的低温变种。这种低温钾长石是在成岩期形成的，而不是岩浆期后热液交代作用的产物。无疑，这项新发现为大厂锡－多金属矿床同生成因提供了重要新证据。     

华南地区中生代多金属矿床形成与地幔柱关系

华南地区中生代多金属矿床形成与地幔柱关系毛景文李红艳王登红彭聪（中国地质科学院矿床地质研究所,北京１０００３７）关键词多金属矿床地幔柱构造华南地区在华南地区,中生代有大量花岗质岩浆的侵位和成矿,形成了以柿竹园钨多金属矿床、大厂和个旧超大型锡多金属矿床...     

江西横峰松树岗钨锡铌钽多金属矿床成因探讨

在详细研究松树岗钨锡铌钽多金属矿床成矿地质背景、成矿地质特征和成矿物理化学条件的基础上,论述了该矿床与松树岗隐伏花岗岩体在时间、空间和物质成分上的密切关系,认为松树岗钨锡铌钽多金属矿床是与岩浆作用有关的气成高、中温热液矿床。     

大厂100号锡多金属矿床成矿物理化学环境的研究——成矿温度及成矿压力

通过大厂锡多金属矿床多种测温方法测试结果的分析，确定该矿床主要的成矿温度为300±30℃，并进一步推算出其成矿压力为84.2×10     

广西大厂锡多金属矿床成因探讨

本文对大厂岩浆岩岩石特征及元素地球化学特征作了较系统的探讨,并对黑云母花岗岩的含矿性进行了评价。认为大厂锡多金属矿床的物质来源并非是单一的侵入岩浆来源。经研究后发现,形成大厂锡多金属矿床的早期成矿作用为海底火山热泉(喷气)同沉积成矿作用,且形成了含锡块状贱金属硫化物矿化体。后期的岩浆作用也为该矿床提供了大量的成矿物质。因此,该矿床的成因应属海底火山热泉(喷气)同沉积岩浆叠加改造型矿床。     

广西丹池成矿带构造特征及其控矿作用

丹池成矿带是我国锡多金属矿业的重要基地和超大型大厂锡多金属矿床的产出地,通过构造地质调查,在成矿带内识别出两套不同的变形构造样式和构造组合,它们分别对应于印支期挤压变形和燕山中-晚期伸展.在此基础上对控制成矿带、矿田及矿床的构造特征进行了分析,总结了带内矿床定位的两类构造组合形式.     

南岭某些与锡多金属矿床有关的花岗岩体的稀土元素地球化学及其成因

南岭地区锡多金属矿床是由锡、铜、铅、锌、金、银(有时伴有铁、钨、钼)等成矿元素组合而成的,它分布比较广泛,是区内最重要的锡矿矿床类型。该类型矿床,与由钨、锡、铌、钽、铍(稀土)等成矿元素组合的矿床一样,常与酸性花岗岩体伴生在一起,因而长期以来中外许多矿床学家一直认为硅铝壳富锡带深熔作用形成的含锡花岗岩浆是原生锡矿(包括锡多金属矿床)的唯一来源。即其成因上与陆壳改造型(系列I、S型)花岗岩有关。本文根据区内与锡多金属矿床有关的花岗岩体的地质-地球化学特征的研究,并运用岩石中稀土元素定量模式的计算,首次提出区内与锡多金属矿床有关的花岗岩体是下部地壳玄武-安山质岩石和少量硅铝质岩石部分熔融,再经一定程度分离结晶作用演化后派生的酸性岩浆的产物。     

Dating of the Dachang Superlarge Tin-polymetallic Deposit in Guangxi and Its Implication for the Genesis of the No. 100 Orebody

The Dachang superlarge Sn-polymetal deposit in Guangxi, China, is one of the largest tin deposit all over the world. However, this deposit has long been in debate as to its origin. One of the opinions is that the Dachang deposit was formed by replacement of hydrothermal solution originating from Yanshanian granites, and the other is that this deposit was formed by submarine exhalation in the Devonian. This paper presents some new isotopic geochronology data obtained with the 40Ar-39Ar method for quartz and sanidine from massive ore in the No. 91 and No. 100 orebodies. Analytic results show that the No. 91 orebody was formed at 94.52±0.33 Ma (the plateau age obtained with the 40Ar-39Ar method for quartz) or 91.4±2.9 Ma (the plateau age obtained with the 40Ar-39Ar method for feldspar), while the No. 100 orebody was formed at 94.56±0.45 Ma (the plateau age obtained with the 40Ar-39Ar method for quartz), suggesting that both the No. 91 and the No. 100 orebodies were formed at the Late Yanshanian instead o     

广西大厂矿田深部成矿预测及成矿机制研究

大厂矿田作为大型锡多金属矿之一,成矿演化过程复杂,隐伏矿产资源繁多。为了研究大厂矿田笼箱盖岩体外围隐伏矿床的分布位置和成矿机制,对覆盖大厂矿田的音频大地电磁数据进行精细的处理,得到了地下3 km以内的二维电性结构模型。根据电性资料结果,推断了隐伏花岗岩和矿体的位置。花岗岩呈高阻特征,埋深约1.5 km,沿断裂构造成脊状隆起;低阻矿体位于花岗岩顶部中泥盆统地层中,推测矿体发育自底部花岗岩体,表明花岗岩具有明显的控矿作用。根据大厂矿田近铜远锡的分带特点和地表元素异常,以找到矽卡岩型锌铜矿体和锑钨矿床的可能性最大。研究表明,晚白垩世时期,中、下地壳(及少量上地幔)岩浆热液沿NW向基底断裂上涌到地壳浅层泥盆系地层,后经结晶分异与围岩产生成矿作用。     

贵州低温热液型汞、锑、金矿床成矿谱系——以晴隆大厂、兴仁紫木凼和铜仁乱岩塘为例

贵州是我国低温热液型汞、锑、金矿的重要产区,但对其成矿时代一直存在不同看法.本次研究采用Sm-Nd同位素等时线法对晴隆大厂锑矿、兴仁紫木凼金矿和铜仁乱岩塘汞矿区的萤石、方解石分别进行了同位素年代学的研究,结果表明晴隆大厂锑矿中的方解石(Sm-Nd等时线年龄为148±13 Ma,钕初始值为0.512256)和萤石(Sm-...     

广西大厂锡多金属矿床方解石的REE地球化学特征

方解石是广西大厂锡多金属矿床矿石中重要的脉石矿物.对不同产状矿体中方解石的REE地球化学特征研究表明:方解石在不同类型矿体中REE含量、有关参数和稀土配分模式等均变化较大,但在地球化学特征上具有连续变化规律,显示同源不同阶段的产物;矿床的成矿流体具有岩浆来源的特征,不排除地幔来源的可能;成矿环境表现为还原向氧化环境的变化.     

广西大厂锡多金属矿床S、Pb同位素组成对成矿物质来源的示踪

为了查明广西大厂锡多金属矿床成矿物质来源,本文对不同类型、不同产状矿体的硫、铅同位素的组成进行分析和对比研究。结果表明：大厂不同类型或产状的矿体,其成矿物质来源是相同的;硫同位素特征显示,锌铜矿体为典型的岩浆硫来源,锡矿体为混合硫来源,硫同位素比值的变化与成矿过程和环境有关,反映深部来源成矿流体在由下向上的运移过程中,有围岩组分的加入。铅同位素特征表明,铅的来源主要为与岩浆作用有关的壳源铅,但也有上地壳及壳幔混合来源的铅参与     

Fluid Inclusions and C,H, O,S, and Pb Isotopic Compositions of the Dabaoshan Cu Polymetallic Deposit,Northern Guangdong Province,South China

The Dabaoshan deposit in Northern Guangdong Province, South China, is a Cu–Mo–W–Pb–Zn polymetallic deposit, located in the southern part of the Qin–Hang porphyry–skarn Cu–Mo ore belt. The deposit mainly comprises porphyry Mo and stratiform skarn Cu ore deposits. The genesis of the Cu ore deposit has been ascribed to a typical skarn ore deposit formed by the metasomatism of Devonian carbonate rock layers or to a volcanic rock‐hosted massive sulfide deposit formed by marine exhalation. In this paper, we report on the homogenization temperatures and salinities of fluid inclusions and C, H, O, S, and Pb isotopic compositions of fluids and minerals in this deposit. Homogenization temperatures and salinities of fluid inclusions in garnet, diopside, quartz, and calcite provide information on the skarnification, mineralization, and postmineralization stages. The data show that ore‐forming fluids experienced a continuous transition from high temperatures and salinities to low temperatures and salinities over the entire period of mineralization. C, H, and O isotopic compositions indicate that ore‐forming fluids were derived mainly from magmatic water. O isotopic compositions indicate that ore‐forming fluids mingled with atmospheric water during the last stage of mineralization. Sulfur in the ore came mainly from deep magmatic sources. Pb isotopic compositions in the orebody show that almost all the lead in the ore was derived from magma with a crustal source. Combined geological, geophysical, and geochemical data were achieved before we proposed that the Dabaoshan porphyry–skarn Cu–Mo–W–Pb–Zn deposit, as one member of the Qin–Hang porphyry–skarn Cu–Mo ore belt, formed during the Jurassic subduction of the paleo‐Pacific plate beneath the Eurasian continent at quite low angle. NE‐ and EW‐trending structures controlled the emplacement of magmatic rocks in the South China region. In the mining area, the Xiangguanping Fault and its branches were the main conduits for magmatic crystallization and mineralization. The many subfaults, folds, and interlayer fracture zones on both sides of the main fault provided the requisite space for the ore and, together, were the controlling structures of the orebody.     

Stratiform base-metal deposits in the Eastern province of the Southern Urals, Russia

The stratiform base-metal Biksizak and Amur deposits, Kolpakovsky and Andree-Yul??evsky group of ore occurrences localized in the Eastern province of the Southern Urals and the adjacent Central Urals are considered in this paper. Their geology, composition of ore, and orebody morphology are characterized. These objects and occurrences occupy different geological positions, being hosted in (1) Ordovician, Silurian, and Devonian limestones formed in an island-arc setting (Biksizak deposit, Kolpakovsky occurrence); (2) Middle and Upper Devonian flyschoid sequences at a distance from the active volcanic zone (Amur deposit); and (3) Riphean (?) platform cover (Andree-Yul??evsky group of occurrences). The objects considered differ in origin. The hydrothermal Pb-Zn ores of the Biksizak deposit and the Kolpakovsky occurrence are epigenetic with respect to the host rocks. They were formed in the Early Carboniferous and related to early collisional minor andesite and quartz diorite porphyry intrusions. The hydrothermal-sedimentary Amur massive sulfide Zn deposit of the Filizchai type was formed at the end of Middle Devonian. Zinc occurrences of the Andree-Yul??evsky group are probably products of regeneration of older stratiform lodes.     

广西大厂锡矿成因研究综述

从矿床的地质、地球化学特征出发,同时又兼顾大厂超大型矿床形成的长期性及多阶段性,认为大厂锡矿是热水沉积－叠生矿床,早期是泥盆纪的热水同生沉积成矿作用,晚期是燕山期花岗岩浆热液成矿作用,该矿是热水沉积成矿作用与岩热液成矿作用叠加成矿的产物。     

柞水银洞子银铅多金属矿床地球化学特征、成矿模式及找矿预测

柞水银洞子银铅多金属矿床岩、矿石稀土总量变化较大,稀土分配模式总体均为右倾型,富集轻稀土,重稀土分异不明显,重晶石脉、矿石皆呈负铈异常,铈亏损这一特征反映了成矿过程中的海底热水溶液作用。该矿床硫同位素组成变化范围大,且以重硫为主,主矿体含矿溶液总硫值与泥盆纪海水基本一致,反映硫源来自半封闭还原条件的泥盆纪海水。铅同位素分析表明矿床铅来源主要为深源,与海底火山活动存在一定关系。已有的同位素年龄数据和研究分析表明该矿床形成于中泥盆世,成矿作用与热水沉积成岩作用同时发生,相关证据也证明热水沉积作用是主要的成矿方式。研究认为,该矿床属热水喷流沉积成因,银洞子银铅多金属矿床的形成可以分为海底喷气沉积成矿和改造成矿期两个成矿期,前者是本矿床最主要的成矿期,形成了热水沉积岩(重晶石岩、硅质岩等)以及细粒金属矿物,建立了成矿模式。结合区内地质勘查工作,提出了5条找矿标志,并通过资料研究分析,从矿区外围找矿和新区找矿两个方面进行找矿预测,指出了8片预测靶区。这为深化认识柞水-山阳沉积盆地内成矿机理和指导找矿指明了方向。