西藏阿里地区冈底斯花岗岩体的热年代学特征及其构造意义

冈底斯花岗岩带是沿雅鲁藏布江北侧近东西向展布的一条长约2 500 km、宽100～300 km的巨型岩浆岩带。在阿里冈底斯山主峰岗仁波齐峰附近,冈底斯花岗岩体受到多期断裂活动的影响,特别受喜马拉雅大反向断裂和喀喇昆仑断裂活动的改造,造成断裂和岩体的关系出现很多复杂的情况,一些研究者把在北阿伊拉日居山分布的32～25 Ma的花岗岩作为喀喇昆仑断裂活动引起的同构造花岗岩,并把此年龄段归结为断层活动年龄,从而引起了极大的争论。本文的锆石U-Pb年龄指示了岗仁波齐峰地区的冈底斯花岗岩是由110 Ma、60 Ma和50 Ma的3期花岗岩组成,而韧性剪切带内的锆石年龄与附近未变形岩石内的锆石年龄一致,表明锆石的形态并未受到断裂活动的影响。韧性剪切带内云母的氩氩年龄为12 Ma左右,而周围未变形花岗岩的云母氩氩年龄在60～50 Ma左右,由此表明喀喇昆仑断裂在岗仁波齐峰地区是12 Ma开始活动的。由于研究区内韧性剪切带中的变形花岗岩并没有记录32～25 Ma这期热事件,由此排除了断裂在狮泉河-门士一线是32～25 Ma开始活动的可能性。     

大兴安岭地区德尔布干断裂带北段构造年代学研究

德尔布干断裂带是大兴安岭隆起西侧NE向的重要断裂带,处在海拉尔-拉布达林-根河盆地西缘,是著名德尔布干成矿区东南边界断裂带.为了确定德尔布干断裂带运动性质、活动时间,深入探讨该断裂带与中生代海拉尔-拉布达林-根河盆地及大兴安岭盆山格局、认识德尔布干断裂带多金属矿床成因等问题,本文应用锆石SHRIMP和云母40Ar/39Ar定年技术,分别对断裂带内的细粒黑云母花岗岩侵入体、韧性变形的花岗闪长质片麻岩、白云母石英片岩,进行了同位素年代学研究.其中花岗闪长质片麻岩岩浆型锆石SHRIMP谐和年龄300.6±9.3Ma,为花岗闪长质片麻岩海西期的侵位年龄;而花岗闪长质片麻岩中黑云母40Ar/39Ar坪年龄是130.9±1.4Ma,白云母石英片岩的白云母40Ar/39Ar坪年龄是115.6±1.6Ma,代表早白垩世伸展构造变形年龄;细粒黑云母花岗岩侵入体岩浆型锆石SHRIMP谐和年龄130.1±1.4Ma,为同伸展构造变形侵位的岩浆事件.上述地质年代说明德尔布干断裂带是早白垩世(110～130Ma)该区最年轻的重大伸展构造变形产物.控制NE向大兴安岭隆起和中生代海拉尔-拉布达林-根河等火山沉积盆地的发育格局、以及中生代以来的地壳演化与成矿类型.     

东构造结那木拉断裂带上新世以来强烈活动的年代学证据

为揭示东喜马拉雅构造结那木拉断裂带上新世以来强烈活动特征,对采集自那木拉断裂带的三件基岩样品进行黑云母40Ar/39Ar、磷灰石裂变径迹两种热年代学方法测年;并利用"Pecube"软件对测得年龄数据及断裂带两侧已发表年龄数据进行定量模拟计算。测试结果显示黑云母40Ar/39Ar年龄范围为4.44±0.71 Ma~3.45±0.24 Ma,磷灰石裂变径迹年龄范围为3.7±0.4 Ma~1.8±0.2 Ma。年龄数据及其模拟计算结果表明,约3 Ma以前那木拉断裂带南侧地壳隆升最快,隆升速率约2.5 km/Ma,断裂带以正断层运动特征为主;约3 Ma以来那木拉断裂带北侧地壳隆升最快,约为1.3 km/Ma,断裂带以逆断层运动特征为主。那木拉断裂带运动特征变化可能与约8 Ma以来东喜马拉雅构造结快速地壳隆升剥露区域由南向北逐渐迁移有关。      

Initiation of slip along the Xianshuihe fault zone,eastern Tibet,constrained by K/Ar and fission-track ages

The Xianshuihe fault zone (XFZ) forms a boundary that accommodates crustal movement eastwards from central Tibet. The lack of well-defined time constraints has hampered the reconstruction of the geometric and kinematic evolution of the fault zone, and inhibited the development of a consistent regional tectonic model. New geochronological investigations of mica K/Ar and apatite fission-track ages on the Ganzi–Yushu segment of the XFZ indicate that fault activity started ca. 13 Ma before present, which considerably precedes the 5 Ma initiation of offset on the Xiaojiang fault (XjF) segment. Different initiation times for different fault segments clearly demonstrate that the geometric and kinematic evolution of the XFZ can be divided into two periods. The XFZ cut through the Dangjiang, Ganzi, and Gongga Shan areas, and reached the Qinghe–Yanyuan area during an early stage, from ca. 13 to 5 Ma, as a boundary fault with lateral mass transfer from the interior to southeast Tibet. At the southern edge of the XFZ, the movement took advantage of the southern segment of the Longmen Shan thrust fault – the Jinhe–Qinghe thrust fault. During the late stage, from 5 Ma to present, the fault zone passed through the Yushu, Ganzi, and Gongga Shan areas, then offset the Longmen Shan thrust fault belt and reached the Kunming area. The Jinhe–Qinghe fault was abandoned in the later period as the southern part of the XFZ, and the XjF became active because of continuous clockwise rotation of the crust around the eastern syntaxis.     

云南个旧锡铜多金属矿区云母~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar年龄及其地质意义

云南个旧是全球最大的锡铜多金属矿区,主要成矿作用是与燕山期花岗岩密切相关的岩浆-热液体系。矿区内铜矿的主要矿床类型为变玄武岩型层状铜矿和接触带型铜矿。赋存于花岗岩体的凹陷部位,接触带型铜矿体和氧化型矿体的精确年龄尚未有报道。以老厂矿田内与铜矿体同期的等粒花岗岩脉中的黑云母和与氧化矿同时形成的白云母作为研究对象,利用常规~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar同位素定年方法,获得了黑云母和白云母的~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar坪年龄分别为82.47±0.49Ma和76.17±0.42Ma,相应的正等时线年龄为82.38±0.48Ma和76.07±0.66Ma,反等时线年龄为82.38±0.49Ma和76.07±0.73Ma。结合野外地质接触关系和矿区内其他年代学结果认为,黑云母的~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar年龄82.38±0.48Ma可以代表接触带型铜矿体的形成年龄,也揭示了新山花岗岩体形成后的快速冷却作用过程;白云母的~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar年龄76.07±0.73Ma指示了氧化型矿体的形成年龄,也记录了矿区内与甲介山同期的南北向断裂的晚期活动时限。该年龄与个旧锡铜多金属矿床的成矿时代一致。     

粤北青嶂山岩体江头矿区铀矿微区矿物学、年代学特征及其成矿动力背景制约

粤北诸广和贵东是华南最重要的两个花岗型铀矿密集区,青嶂山(龙源坝)岩体位于两者之间,是华南花岗岩型铀矿研究薄弱地区。江头铀矿区地处青嶂山岩体北部与南雄断陷盆地的结合部位,该矿区的铀成矿年代学研究几为空白。本文通过电子探针方法研究了青嶂山岩体、及与该岩体密切相关的江头矿区中的铀矿物微区矿物学特征,获得岩浆成因的晶质铀矿与热液成因的沥青铀矿的U-Th-Pb化学年龄,探讨了华南铀成矿作用动力学背景及成矿地质体。研究表明:青嶂山岩体粗粒斑状黑云母花岗岩和中粒斑状黑云母花岗岩中的铀矿物主要有晶质铀矿、铀石,部分晶质铀矿存在明显铀释放的特征,其晶质铀矿化学年龄分别为246.8±8.8Ma、161.5±8.0Ma,与前人获得的锆石U-Pb年龄结果在误差范围内一致,分别代表了区内印支期与燕山期花岗岩体的成岩年龄,表明在南雄断陷盆地形成之前,青嶂山岩体与诸广岩体可能为一有机整体,有着相同的成岩、成矿环境。江头矿区矿石中铀矿物主要为沥青铀矿,伴有少量钛铀矿、铀石等,沥青铀矿化学年龄分别为121.3±9.8Ma、98.8±8.0Ma、73.2±8.8Ma,分别代表区内3期铀成矿作用的时代,结合华南中生代以来构造运动特征,认为区内铀成矿作用是受中-新生代盆地边缘深大断陷活动、产铀花岗岩体分布的双要素成矿动力学背景制约,青嶂山岩体应与诸广、贵东岩体具有相似的找矿前景。     

U–Pb and Re–Os Ages of the Huaheitan Molybdenum Deposit,NW China

The Huaheitan molybdenum deposit in the Beishan area of northwest China consists of quartz‐sulfide veins. Orebodies occur in the contact zone of the Huaniushan granite. LA‐ICPMS U–Pb zircon dating constrains the crystallization of the granite at 225.6 ± 2.2 Ma (2σ, MSWD = 4.5). Re–Os dating of five molybdenite samples yield model ages ranging from 223.2 ± 3.5 Ma to 228.6 ± 3.4 Ma, with an average of 225.2 ± 2.4 Ma. The U–Pb and Re–Os ages are identical within the error, suggesting that the granite and related Huaheitan molybdenum deposit formed in the Late Triassic. Our new data, combined with published geochronological results from the other molybdenum deposits in this region, imply that intensive magmatism and Mo mineralization occurred during 240 Ma to 220 Ma throughout the Beishan area.     

吐哈盆地砂岩型铀矿U-Pb同位素地质特征

吐哈盆地十红滩砂岩型铀矿主要成矿年龄为48±2Ma、28±4Ma。盆地西南部蚀源区觉罗塔格山片麻状花岗岩的形成年龄为422±5Ma、斑状花岗岩的形成年龄为268±23Ma。赋矿地层西山窑组(J2x)砂体碎屑锆石U Pb等时线年龄为283±67Ma ,证实花岗岩侵入体是含矿砂体的主要物质来源。含矿层位的富铀沉积砂体及蚀源区富铀的岩体、石炭系碎屑岩以及火山碎屑岩等 ,构成铀成矿铀源。     

Tectonics of the southern Asian Plate margin along the Karakoram Shear Zone: Constraints from field observations and U–Pb SHRIMP ages

New geological observations, recent published data and U–Pb SHRIMP zircon dating from the Karakoram Mountains along the Nubra and Shyok Rivers reveal that the initial subduction of the Tethyan oceanic lithosphere took place ~ 110 Ma beneath the Paleozoic–Mesozoic platform of the southern edge of the Asian Plate. This has produced the I-type plutons within the Karakoram Batholith Complex, well before the juxtaposition of the Asian Plate along the Karakoram Shear Zone. Within this shear zone, U–Pb zircon crystallisation ages of ~ 75 Ma from mylonitised granitoids and 68 Ma from undeformed Tirit granodiorite constrain the timing of suturing of the Karakoram terrain with the Trans-Himalaya between 75 and 68 Ma. Post-shearing leucogranite was episodically generated within frontal migmatised Karakoram Metamorphic Belt and emplaced between 20 and 13 Ma within the shear zone. Presence of a low resistivity zone as a possible indication of mid-crustal partial molten crust underneath the Higher Himalaya–Ladakh–Karakoram terrains manifests the impingement of the Indian Plate along the Main Himalayan Thrust at depth.

Physical continuity of the Baltoro granite belt into the Karakoram Batholith is established as well as the continuity of the Shyok suture as the Shiquanhe Suture Zone in western Tibet through the Chushul–Dungti sector. The Karakoram Shear Zone, therefore, displays a complex geological history of movements since ~ 75 Ma and plays a very significant role in the overall India–Asia convergence, rather than merely being a strike-slip fault for eastward extrusion of a segment of Asia in Tibet.     

内蒙古乌拉特后旗查干花钼矿床地质特征及Re-Os测年

查干花钼矿是近年来在内蒙古西部中蒙边境地区新发现的一个具大型规模隐伏矿床,区内辉钼矿化呈浸染状、团块状、细脉状分布于中细粒二长花岗岩与古元古界宝音图群地层北东接触带部位,具斑岩型矿床特点.本文在对矿区矿化和蚀变特征初步研究的基础上,开展了辉钼矿Re-Os测年,获得模式年龄为(239.3±3.3)～(242.6±3.6)...     

湘东锡田钨锡矿区成岩成矿时代研究

湘东锡田钨锡矿是近年来在找矿上有重大突破的地区。笔者在分析前人资料的基础上,应用Rb-Sr全岩法和Re-Os辉钼矿法对锡田花岗岩及产于其中的云英岩石英脉型钨锡矿进行了精确定年。结果表明:锡田岩体主体、补体和晚期花岗岩形成年龄分别为:165±16Ma(2σ)、151±24Ma(2σ)、114±14Ma(2σ);早期云英岩石英脉型钨锡矿辉钼矿Re-Os等时线年龄为150±2.7Ma。研究显示该区可能还残留有印支期花岗岩,钨锡成矿与燕山期花岗岩侵入活动有关。不同类型钨锡矿生成顺序为:矽卡岩型→早期云英岩石英脉型→晚期云英岩石英脉型→破碎带蚀变岩型。     

Characterization of wrench tectonics from dating of syn- to post-magmatism in the north-western French Massif Central

This work establishes the relative timing of pluton emplacement and regional deformation from new dating and structural data. (1) Monazite and (2) zircon dating show Tournaisian ages for the Guéret granites [Aulon granite 352 ± 5 Ma (1), 351 ± 5 Ma (2) and Villatange tonalite 353 ± 6 Ma (1)] and Viseo-Namurian ages for the north Millevaches granites [Chavanat granite 336 ± 4 Ma (1), Goutelle granite 336 ± 3 Ma (1), Royère granite 323 ± 2 Ma (1) and 328 ± 6 Ma (2), Courcelles granite 318 ± 3 Ma (1)]. The Guéret and Millevaches granites are separated by the N110 Arrènes–la Courtine Shear Zone (ACSZ), composed from West to East by the Arrènes Fault (AF), the North Millevaches Shear Zone (NMSZ) and the la Courtine Shear Zone (CSZ), respectively. Tournaisian Guéret granites experienced a non-coaxial dextral shearing (NMSZ) recorded by the Villatange granite while the Aulon granite (Guéret granite) cuts across this dextral shear zone which thus stopped shearing during Tournaisian time. Visean to Namurian Millevaches granites experienced a coaxial deformation. Therefore, low displacements along the NMSZ and the CSZ occurred at the emplacement time of Chavanat and Pontarion-Royère granites (336–323 Ma). The structural analyses of Goutelle granite emphasizes a deformation related to the dextral Creuse Fault System (CFS) oriented N150–N160. From 360 to 300 Ma, the Z strain axis is always horizontal inferring a wrench setting for these granite emplacements. During this tectonic evolution, the Argentat zone acted as a minor normal fault and is related with a local Middle Visean (340–335 Ma) syn-orogenic extension on the western border of the Millevaches massif.     

红柳峡韧性剪切带形成时代及其对准噶尔洋盆闭合时限的约束

东准噶尔卡拉麦里蛇绿岩带是新疆一条重要的蛇绿岩带,地质学家对其所代表的准噶尔洋的闭合时限一直存在不同看法.我们在开展东准噶尔区域构造研究的过程中,发现红柳峡地区近东西向的片理带为韧性剪切带、且截切卡拉麦里蛇绿岩带.宏微观构造特征显示其为右旋韧性剪切带,形成于野马泉弧与准噶尔地块的碰撞过程.对韧性剪切带中的博尔羌吉糜棱岩化花岗岩和花岗质超糜棱岩开展了锆石SIMS U-Pb定年研究,结果显示糜棱岩化花岗岩锆石的谐和年龄为348.1±2.8Ma、206Pb/238U年龄的权平均年龄为348.2±2.7Ma,花岗质超糜棱岩锆石谐和年龄为343.2±2.6Ma、206Pb/238U年龄的加权平均年龄为为343.5±2.6Ma.超糜棱岩中的锆石多为新生锆石,其年龄可代表韧性剪切带的形成时间,即该韧性剪切带形成于343.2Ma.这意味着以卡拉麦里蛇绿岩带为代表的准噶尔洋在343Ma前已关闭、东准噶尔地区在早石炭世末期已进入碰撞造山阶段.     

Early Miocene post-collisional magmatism in NW Turkey: geochemical and geochronological constraints

The Alaçam region of NW Turkey lies within the Alpine collision zone between the Sakarya continent and the Menderes platform. Four different tectonic zones of these two continents form imbricated nappe packages (including the Afyon zone), intruded by the Alaçam granite. Newly determined U-Pb zircon ages of this granite are 20.0 ± 1.4 and 20.3 ± 3.3 Ma, indicating early Miocene emplacement. Rb-Sr biotite ages of the granite are 20.01 ± 0.20 and 20.17 ± 0.20 Ma, suggesting fast cooling at a shallow crustal level. Geochemical characteristics show that the Alaçam granite is similar to numerous EW-trending plutons in NW Anatolia.

Gneissic granites of the Afyon tectonic zone were intruded by the Miocene Alaçam granite and have been interpreted in earlier studies as sheared parts of the Alaçam granite, which formed along a crustal-scale detachment zone under an extensional regime. We determined a U-Pb zircon age of 314.9 ± 2.7 Ma for a gneissic granite sample of the Afyon zone, demonstrating that these rocks are unrelated to the Miocene Alaçam granite. The early Miocene granitic plutons bear post-collisional geochemical features and are interpreted as products of Alpine-type magmatism along the Izmir–Ankara suture zone in NW Turkey, and seem to have no genetic relation to the detachment zone.     

吉林中部晚三叠世和早侏罗世两期铝质A型花岗岩的厘定及对吉黑东部构造格局的制约

高精度同位素年代学和岩石学、元素地球化学研究结果表明,吉林省中部地区存在晚三叠世和早侏罗世两期铝质A型花岗岩。其中三道河正长花岗岩的锆石LA ICPMS年龄为(216±3) Ma,形成于晚三叠世,受控于华北板块和其北侧板块在晚二叠世—早三叠世沿西拉木伦河—长春—延吉缝合带碰撞拼合后的岩石圈伸展作用,标志古亚洲洋构造域的演化结束。天桥岗碱长花岗岩的锆石SHRIMP和TIMS年龄分别为(182±3) Ma和(188±4) Ma,全岩Rb Sr等时线年龄为(185±4) Ma,形成于早侏罗世,可能是与佳木斯板块和松嫩—张广才岭板块在早侏罗世早期沿嘉荫—牡丹江缝合带碰撞拼合有关的伸展作用的产物。这次板块碰撞作用很有可能标志着东北地区东部此时已经开始进入滨太平洋构造域的演化阶段。更详细的研究显示,两期A型花岗岩岩浆都来源于年轻的基性玄武质下地壳的部分熔融,岩浆经历了分离结晶作用。     

Late Caledonian Ductile Thrusting Deformation in the Central East Kunlun Belt, Qinghal, China and Its Significance： Evidence from Geochronology

Abstract A high‐angle ductile thrusting deformation with top‐to‐the‐north movement penetratively developed in the Proterozoic‐Early Paleozoic metamorphic rocks along the Central East Kunlun belt. The deformed rocks suffered epidote‐amphibolite facies metamorphism. On the basis of our previous study, we present more data in this paper to further support that the ductile thrust deformation occurred in the later Caledonian and more detailed information about the deformation. A zircon U‐Pb concordant age of 446±2.2 Ma of a deformed granodiorite in the ductile thrust zone was obtained and can be interpreted as the lower limit of the deformation. A syntectonically crystallized and also strongly deformed hornblende Ar/Ar dating gives an Ar/Ar plateau age of 426.5±3.8 Ma, which represents the deformation age. A strongly orientated muscovite gives an Ar/Ar plateau age of 408±1.6 Ma, representing the cooling age after the peak temperature, constraining the upper limit of the ductile thrust deformation. This ductile thrust deformation can be interpreted as the result of the closing of the Central East Kunlun archipelago ocean. To the north, Ar/Ar plateau ages of 382.9±0.2 Ma and 386.8±0.8 Ma of muscovite in the deformed Xiaomiao Group represent the uplift cooling ages of deeper rocks after the thrusting movement. The original thrusting foliation has a low angle. A rotation model was put forward to explain the development of the foliation from the original low‐angle to present high‐angle dipping.     

U–Pb TIMS age constraints on the evolution of the Neoproterozoic Meatiq Gneiss Dome,Eastern Desert,Egypt

Ages are used to constrain the temporal evolution of the Meatiq Gneiss Dome, Eastern Desert, Egypt, by dating (ID-TIMS) pre-, syn-, and post-tectonic igneous rocks in and around the dome. The Um Ba’anib Orthogneiss, comprising the deepest exposed structural levels of the dome, has a crystallization age of 630.8 ± 2 Ma. The overlying mylonites are interpreted to be a thrust sheet/complex (Abu Fannani Thrust Sheet) of highly mylonitized metasediments (?), migmatitic amphibolites, and orthogneisses with large and small tectonic lenses of less-deformed intrusives. Two syn-tectonic diorite lenses in this complex have crystallization ages of 609.0 ± 1.0 and 605.8 ± 0.9 Ma, respectively. The syn-tectonic Abu Ziran diorite, cutting across the tectonic contact between mylonite gneisses of the Abu Fannani Thrust Sheet and a structurally overlying thrust sheet of eugeoclinal rocks (“Pan-African nappe”), has a magmatic emplacement age of 606.4 ± 1.0 Ma. Zircons from a gabbro (Fawakhir ophiolite) within the eugeoclinal thrust sheet yielded a crystallization age of 736.5 ± 1.2 Ma. The post-tectonic Fawakhir monzodiorite intrudes the ophiolitic rocks and has an emplacement age of 597.8 ± 2.9 Ma. Two other post-tectonic granites, the Arieki granite that intrudes the foliated Um Ba’anib Orthogneiss, and the Um Had granite that cuts the deformed Hammamat sediments, have emplacement ages of 590 ± 3.1 and 596.3 ± 1.7 Ma, respectively. We consider formation of the Meatiq Gneiss Dome to be a young structural feature (<631 Ma), and our preferred tectonic interpretation is that it formed as a result of NE–SW shortening contemporaneous with folding of the nearby Hammamat sediments around 605–600 Ma, during oblique collision of East and West Gondwana.     

Sm-Nd, Pb-Pb and Rb-Sr Isotopic Dating and Its Dynamic Implications for the Proterozoic Augen Granite in the Yunkai Area, Western Guangdong Province

The samples of ductile-rheologic deformational augen granite from the Yunkai uplift area, western Guangdong province, were determined by the whole-rock Sm-Nd, Pb-Pb and Rb-Sr isotopic dating to have an Sm-Nd isochron age of 1414±68 Ma, a Pb-Pb isochron age of 1388±90 Ma and a Rb-Sr isochron age of 490±36 Ma. The first two ages are interpreted as the formation age of this suite of granite and the last age represents the timing of the tec-tono-thermal event of Caledonian ductile-rheologic shear partial melting. It is indicated that in the study area not only an orogeny took place in the Caledonian, but also a more important tectono-magmatic activity occurred in the Meso-proterozoic there , which may be related to the subduction-collision between the Yangtze block and Cathaysia block.     

新疆兴地断裂带前寒武纪构造—岩浆—变形作用特征及其年龄

本文分析了发生在塔里木北缘兴地断裂带的多期构造—岩浆演化特征。在此基础上,对三件前寒武纪火成岩样品进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年,对兴地断裂带韧性变形构造进行了运动学分析。研究表明,兴地断裂带至少经历了4期地质构造演化; 其中,前寒武纪有两期。第一期发生在前南华纪,以强烈的挤压褶皱、韧性剪切变形和岩浆活动为特色; 第二期发生在南华纪—震旦纪,以广泛发育的双峰式火成岩、复式岩流和基性岩墙群为特征,伴随大规模冰川作用和地壳沉陷,对应Rodinia超大陆的裂解。LA-ICP-MS法锆石U-Pb年龄测定表明,辉长岩中的俘获锆石保留了3114±20Ma、2509±42Ma、1916±36Ma等多期古构造演化和岩浆活动信息,揭示研究区深部存在一个中-新太古代和古元古代的基底。双峰式火成岩测年数据证实,区内在820~800Ma(花岗岩脉,798±7Ma; 辉长辉绿岩墙,816±15Ma)发生过强烈的裂谷—岩浆活动。根据构造交切关系,兴地断裂带发生过两期前南华纪韧性变形;变形时代尚不清楚。运动学分析表明,第一期为朝北逆冲的推覆变形,第二期为右旋走滑变形。南华纪以来,区域变质和韧性变形微弱,为韧脆性变形。     

New Rb-Sr age determinations on the Archaean basement of Eastern Sierra Leone

The Archean basement of Sierra Leone is a typical example of granite-greenstone terrains found in ancient continental nucleii. Reconnaissance field mapping showed that the area can be subdivided into old gneiss, which predates the greenstone belts, and young granite which is later than the greenstone belts.New Rb-Sr whole-rock age determinations on two suites of old tonalitic gneiss yield ages of 2786 ± 49 Ma and 2770 ± 137 Ma, which either reflect the time of formation of the original tonalites or their metamorphism. Three new Rb-Sr whole-rock age determination on young granites yield ages of 2786 ± 143 Ma, 2780 ± 79 Ma and 2770 ± 50 Ma, which are interpreted as the time of emplacement. The widespread occurrence of similar young granites, throughout the Archaean of West Africa, suggests that these results date a major event in the evolution of this segment of the crust.A published Pb-Pb age of the old gneiss and the new ages of the young granite bracket the age of the greenstone belts to 3000-2770 Ma. However, if the Rb-Sr ages of the old gneiss reported in this paper reflect the time of their formation, the age of the greenstone belts is tightly bracketed to ca. 2770 Ma. There is no isotopic evidence for rocks substantially older than 3000 Ma in the West African Archaean.