The geology and Re–Os geochronology of the Palaeoproterozoic Vaikijaur Cu–Au–(Mo) porphyry-style deposit in the Jokkmokk granitoid, northern Sweden

The Vaikijaur Cu–Au–(Mo) deposit is located in the ca. 1.88 Ga calc-alkaline Jokkmokk granitoid near the Archaean–Proterozoic palaeoboundary within the Fennoscandian shield of northern Sweden. The Skellefte VMS district lies immediately to the south and the northern Norrbotten Fe-oxide–Cu–Au deposits to the north. The Vaikijaur deposit occupies an area of 2×3 km within the Jokkmokk granitoid and includes stockwork quartz-sulphide veinlets and disseminated chalcopyrite, pyrite, gold, molybdenite, magnetite, and pyrrhotite. Porphyritic mafic dykes were emplaced along fractures in a ring dyke pattern. The Jokkmokk granitoid, dykes, and the mineralized area are foliated, indicating that mineralization predated the main regional deformation. The mineralized area is characterized by strong potassic alteration. Phyllic and propylitic alteration zones are also present. A pyrite-rich inner core is surrounded by a concentric zone with pyrite, chalcopyrite, and gold. Molybdenite is distributed irregularly throughout the chalcopyrite zone. Geophysical data indicate a strongly conductive central zone in the mineralized area bordered by conductive and high magnetic zones. Five high precision Re–Os age determinations for three molybdenite occurrences from outcrop and drill core samples constrain the age of porphyry-style Cu–Au–(Mo) mineralization to between 1889±10 and 1868±6 Ma. A younger molybdenite is associated with a much later metamorphic event at about 1750 Ma. These data suggest that primary porphyry-style mineralization was associated with calc-alkaline magmatism within the Archaean–Proterozoic boundary zone at ca. 1.89–1.87 Ga.     

U–Pb and Re–Os Geochronology of the Tongcun Molybdenum Deposit and Zhilingtou Gold‐Silver Deposit in Zhejiang Province,Southeast China,and Its Geological Implications

Mesozoic ore deposits in Zhejiang Province, Southeast China, are divided into the northwestern and southeastern Zhejiang metallogenic belts along the Jiangshan–Shaoxing Fault. The metal ore deposits found in these belts are epithermal Au–Ag deposits, hydrothermal‐vein Ag–Pb–Zn deposits, porphyry–skarn Mo (Fe) deposits, and vein‐type Mo deposits. There is a close spatial–temporal relationship between the Mesozoic ore deposits and Mesozoic volcanic–intrusive complexes. Zircon U–Pb dating of the ore‐related intrusive rocks and molybdenite Re–Os dating from two typical deposits (Tongcun Mo deposit and Zhilingtou Au–Ag deposit) in the two metallogenic belts show the early and late Yanshanian ages for mineralization. SIMS U–Pb data of zircons from the Tongcun Mo deposit and Zhilingtou Au–Ag deposit indicate that the host granitoids crystallized at 169.7 ± 9.7 Ma (2σ) and 113.6 ± 1 Ma (2σ), respectively. Re–Os analysis of six molybdenite samples from the Tongcun Mo deposit yields an isochron age of 163.9 ± 1.9 Ma (2σ). Re–Os analyses of five molybdenite samples from the porphyry Mo orebodies of the Zhilingtou Au‐Ag deposit yield an isochron age of 110.1 ± 1.8 Ma (2σ). Our results suggest that the metal mineralization in the Zhejiang Province, southeast China formed during at least two stages, i.e., Middle Jurassic and Early Cretaceous, coeval with the granitic magmatism.     

内蒙古查木罕钨钼多金属矿床辉钼矿Re-Os同位素年龄及其地质意义

内蒙古克什克腾旗查木罕钨钼矿床是近年新发现的矿床。本文通过5件辉钼矿样品的Re-Os同位素测定与分析,获得模式年龄137.8～139.3Ma,加权平均值为138.8±2.8Ma,对应的等时线年龄为139.3±1.5Ma,表明查木罕钨钼矿床形成于早白垩世,与中国东部燕山期大规模钨钼成矿期一致。查木罕钨钼矿床辉钼矿的铼含量介于0.127～2.317μg/g之间,平均0.875μg/g,表明查木罕矿床成矿物质主要来源于上地壳。结合区域上已有研究成果,早白垩世是西拉木伦钼成矿带一期重要的成矿作用,并与中国东部大规模成矿时限相一致,该期成矿作用发生于中国东部岩石圈减薄构造背景。     

小秦岭地区大湖-秦南钼矿床矿化类型、Re-Os定年及找矿方向

小秦岭地区大湖—秦南钼矿床位于华北地台南缘,属于小秦岭-外方山成矿亚带。矿化类型可分为含钼次生石英岩型和细脉浸染型。含钼次生石英岩型矿石构造有角砾状构造、团块状构造、蜂窝状构造、细脉网脉状构造和块状构造;蚀变以细脉浸染状钾化、硅化、碳酸盐化、高岭土化、硬石膏化为特征。细脉浸染型矿化通常与花岗质岩石关系密切,偶尔也见于含钼次生石英脉边部的片麻岩中;蚀变通常为钾化、硅化、绢云母化和少量的黄铁矿化、高岭土化、碳酸盐化等。含钼次生石英岩型含有含钼花岗质岩石角砾。野外证据表明,含钼花岗质岩石向含钼次生石英岩内部表现为,含钼花岗质岩石角砾逐渐变小,并逐渐被含钼次生石英岩包裹,含钼石英脉增厚,高岭土化、硬石膏化增强。这一特征反映了二者之间的成因联系。两种矿化类型中获得的12件辉钼矿Re-Os模式年龄分别为（223.6±4.1）~（196.1±3.0）Ma以及（197.8±3.2）和（196.1±3.3）Ma,Re-Os同位素等时线年龄为（199+14/-25）Ma。这些年龄数据表明,该区的成矿作用发生于印支期或早燕山期。钼矿化时空上与花岗斑岩脉和正长斑岩一致,含钼花岗质岩石的矿化和蚀变样式与斑岩型矿床类似。辉钼矿中w（Re）为0.894×10^-6~2.964×10^-6,反映钼成矿物质来源于地壳。这一时期,区域上以碱性岩岩脉产出为特征,因此本区成矿作用形成于陆内伸展环境下,应注意找寻与印支期花岗质岩石有关的斑岩型钼矿床。     

熊耳山沙坡岭钼矿辉钼矿Re-Os定年及东秦岭晚侏罗世钼矿化的识别

河南沙坡岭矿床位于华北克拉通南缘的熊耳地体,产在燕山期花岗岩与围岩太华超群的外接触带,为东秦岭最近发现的细脉浸染型钼矿床。矿体受断裂或围岩裂隙控制,呈细脉、网脉状产出,矿石类型包括细脉状、浸染状和块状。为确定沙坡岭钼矿床成矿时代,本文利用辉钼矿Re-Os同位素定年,研究表明:采集的6件辉钼矿样品Re-Os单样年龄为158.3±1.5~160.7±1.2 Ma,其加权平均值为160±1 Ma(2σ误差,MSWD=2.1),指示沙坡岭钼矿化发生于晚侏罗世,且早于花山岩基约30 Ma,指示与花岗岩基无关。另外,一件产于花山复式岩体的团块状辉钼矿样品Re-Os单样年龄为130.5±1.0 Ma,与赋矿的花山岩体成岩时代一致,同样与前人报道的辉钼矿年龄(125.4~129.4 Ma)基本一致,且不存在明显的单颗粒辉钼矿187Os迁移,表明部分钼矿化形成于早白垩世。因此,辉钼矿Re-Os同位素定年显示沙坡岭矿床存在晚侏罗世和早白垩世两期钼矿化。结合矿床地质特征、成矿构造演化,认为沙坡岭钼矿与熊耳地体的花山岩基、花岗斑岩以及相关热液矿床,均属于秦岭造山带陆陆碰撞过程中挤压向伸展转变体制的产物。     

U–Pb and Re–Os Geochronology of Karamay Porphyry Mo–Cu Deposit in Western Junggar,NW China

The Karamay porphyry Mo–Cu deposit, discovered in 2010, is located in the West Junggar region of Xinjiang of northwest China. The deposit is hosted within the Karamay granodiorite porphyry that intruded into Early Carboniferous sedimentary strata and its exo‐contact zone. The LA‐ICPMS U–Pb method was used to date the zircons from the granodiorite samples of the porphyry. Analyses of 12 spots of zircons from the granodiorite samples yield a U–Pb weighted mean age of 300.8 ± 2.1 Ma (2σ). Re–Os dating for five molybdenite samples obtained from two prospecting trenches and three outcrops in the deposit yield a Re–Os isochron age of 294.6 ± 4.6 Ma (2σ), with an initial ¹⁸⁷Os/¹⁸⁸Os of 0.0 ± 1.1. The isochron age is within the error of the Re–Os model ages, demonstrating that the age result is reliable. The Re–Os isochron age of the molybdenite is consistent with the U–Pb age of the granodiorite porphyry, which indicates that the deposit is genetically related with an Early Permian porphyry system. The ages of the Karamay Mo–Cu deposit and the ore‐bearing porphyry are similar to the ages of intermediate‐acid intrusions and Cu–Mo–Au polymetallic deposits in the West Junggar region. This consistency suggests the same geodynamic process to the magmatism and related mineralization.     

U–Pb and Re–Os Ages of the Huaheitan Molybdenum Deposit,NW China

The Huaheitan molybdenum deposit in the Beishan area of northwest China consists of quartz‐sulfide veins. Orebodies occur in the contact zone of the Huaniushan granite. LA‐ICPMS U–Pb zircon dating constrains the crystallization of the granite at 225.6 ± 2.2 Ma (2σ, MSWD = 4.5). Re–Os dating of five molybdenite samples yield model ages ranging from 223.2 ± 3.5 Ma to 228.6 ± 3.4 Ma, with an average of 225.2 ± 2.4 Ma. The U–Pb and Re–Os ages are identical within the error, suggesting that the granite and related Huaheitan molybdenum deposit formed in the Late Triassic. Our new data, combined with published geochronological results from the other molybdenum deposits in this region, imply that intensive magmatism and Mo mineralization occurred during 240 Ma to 220 Ma throughout the Beishan area.     

Zircon U–Pb Dating and Geochemistry of the Linong Granitoid and Its Relationship to Cu Mineralization in the Yangla Copper Deposit,Yunnan, China

The Yangla copper deposit (Cu reserves: 1.2 Mt) in the Jinshajiang–Lancangjiang–Nujiang region in China is spatially associated with the Linong granitoid. Zircon U–Pb dating shows the granitoid formed at 234.1 ± 1.2 to 235.6 ± 1.2 Ma, and the KT2 ore body of the deposit yields a molybdenite Re–Os model age of 230.9 ± 3.2 Ma. The ages of mineralization and crystallization of the granitoid are identical within the measurement uncertainties, suggesting the Yangla deposit is genitically related to the Indosinian Linong granitoid.     

Re-Os Dating of Molybdenite from the Nannihu Mo (-W) Orefield in the East Qinling and Its Geodynamic Significance

Located in the East Qinling molybdenum metallogenic belt on the southern margin of the North China craton, the Nannihu Mo (-W) orefield comprising Nannihu, Sandaozhuang, and Shangfanggou deposits is a superlarge skarn-porphyry Mo (-W) orefield in the world. Re-Os dating was performed of six molybdenite samples from the Mo deposits in the Nannihu Mo orefield with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The results show that the Re-Os model ages are 145.8±2.1-141.8±2.1 Ma for the Nannihu deposit, 145.4±2.0-144.5±2.2 Ma (averaging 145.0±2.2 Ma) for the Sandaozhuang deposit and 145.8±2.1-143.8±2.1 Ma (averaging 144.8±2.1 Ma) for the Shangfanggou deposit; dating of the six samples yields an isochron age of 141.5±7.8 Ma (2σ), which accurately determines the timing of mineralization. The results also suggest that the ore-forming materials were mainly derived from the lower crust, mixed with minor mantle components. These Mo deposits were formed during the transition of the Mesozoic tect     

Re–Os and U–Pb geochronology of porphyry Mo deposits in central Jilin Province: Mo ore-forming stages in northeast China

Central Jilin Province lies along the eastern edge of the Xing–Meng orogenic belt of northeast China. At least 10 Mo deposits have been discovered in this area, making it the second-richest concentration of Mo resources in China. To better understand the formation and distribution of porphyry Mo deposits in the area, we investigated the geological characteristics of the deposits and applied zircon U–Pb and molybdenite Re–Os isotope dating to constrain the age of mineralization. Our new geochronological data show the following: the Jidetun Mo deposit yields molybdenite Re–Os model ages of 164.6–167.1 Ma, an isochron age of 168 ± 2.5 Ma, and a weighted mean model age of 165.9 ± 1.2 Ma; the Houdaomu Mo deposit yields molybdenite Re–Os model ages of 167.4–167.7 Ma, an isochron age of 168 ± 13 Ma, and a weighted mean model age of 167.5 ± 1.2 Ma; and the Chang’anpu Mo deposit yields a zircon U–Pb age for granodiorite porphyry of 166.9 ± 1.5 Ma (N = 16). These new age data, combined with existing molybdenite Re–Os dates, show that intense porphyry Mo mineralization was coeval with magmatism during the Middle Jurassic (167.8 ± 0.4 Ma, r > 0.999). The geotectonic mechanisms responsible for Mo mineralization were probably related to subduction of the Palaeo-Pacific plate beneath the Eurasian continent. Combining published molybdenite Re–Os and zircon U–Pb ages for northeast China, the Mo deposits are shown to have been formed during multiple events coinciding with periods of magmatic activity. We identified three phases of mineralization, two of which had several stages: the Caledonian (485–480 Ma); the Indosinian comprising the Early–Middle Triassic (248–236 Ma) and Late Triassic (226–208 Ma) stages; and the Yanshanian phase comprising the Early–Middle Jurassic (202–165 Ma), Late Jurassic–early Early Cretaceous (154–129 Ma), and Early Cretaceous (114–111 Ma) stages. Although Mo deposits formed during each phase/stage, most of the mineralization occurred during the Early–Middle Jurassic.     

内蒙古林西县哈什吐钼矿床辉钼矿铼-锇年龄及其地质意义

内蒙古哈什吐矿床是新发现的钼矿床。为进一步查明哈什吐钼矿床的形成时间,首次对主要钼矿体的10件辉钼矿样品进行铼-锇同位素分析,所获铼-锇同位素模式年龄变化范围为(147.0±2.1) Ma~(149.5±2.2) Ma,加权平均值为(148.22±0.67) Ma,获得等时线年龄为(148.8±1.6) Ma,MSWD值为0.95。铼-锇同位素年代数据及野外地质证据表明,哈什吐钼矿床为晚侏罗世构造-岩浆作用及相关流体活动的产物。哈什吐钼矿床辉钼矿的w(Re)介于(0.65~2.06)×10^-6,平均值为1.28×10^-6,通过与区域内同时期形成的若干相似类型钼矿床的Re含量对比分析,初步推测认为哈什吐钼矿床成矿物质源区具有更偏向于壳源的特征。哈什吐斑岩型钼矿床形成时代的厘定对于提高该矿床的理论研究水平和指导隐伏金属矿床的找矿勘查工作均具有重要意义。     

Re–Os Age of Molybdenite from the Daheishan Mo Deposit in the Eastern Central Asian Orogenic Belt,NE China

The Daheishan Mo deposit is located in the eastern part of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt, NE China. Rhenium and osmium isotopes of molybdenites from the Daheishan deposit were used to determine the age of mineralization. Rhenium concentrations in molybdenite samples are between 17 and 30μg g^?1. Analysis of seven molybdenite samples yields an isochron age of 168.0 ± 4.4 Ma (2σ). Based on the geological history and spatial‐temporal distribution of the granitoids, it is proposed that the Mo deposits in eastern China were related to the subduction of the Paleo‐Pacific plate during Jurassic time.     

小秦岭车仓峪钼矿成因研究:辉钼矿Re-Os年龄及黄铁矿微量元素制约

车仓峪钼矿位于小秦岭中生代娘娘山花岗岩体与太华群基底的接触带内,矿体发育在由一组X节理控制的石英脉内。本文对车仓峪钼矿开展了辉钼矿Re-Os定年以及黄铁矿微量元素LA-ICP-MS原位分析工作。所得辉钼矿Re-Os模式年龄为133.8±4.3Ma和132.7±2.2Ma,表明车仓峪钼矿的成矿年龄为早白垩世,与娘娘山岩体的成岩年龄一致。辉钼矿样品的Re含量较低,为83×10-6和86×10-6,指示了成矿物质可能来源于I型花岗岩——娘娘山花岗岩。对与辉钼矿共生的黄铁矿进行LA-ICP-MS微量元素原位分析,发现黄铁矿中Ni含量低(4.5×10-6~76.1×10-6,平均17.4×10-6),表明其来源应该是酸性岩,也就是其围岩娘娘山花岗岩。综合辉钼矿定年以及黄铁矿微量元素分析结果,车仓峪钼矿应该是早白垩世娘娘山花岗岩侵位时,由岩浆冷凝分异出的成矿流体充填和交代围岩形成。同时,小秦岭燕山期Mo矿化并不伴随Au矿化,结合已有资料,从侧面说明燕山期可能并不是小秦岭金的主成矿期。     

Early Mesozoic tectono-magmatic activity and mineralization in Northeast China: evidence from Re–Os to U–Pb studies of the Taipingchuan porphyry Cu–Mo deposit in the Derbugan metallogenic belt

The Taipingchuan Cu–Mo deposit is a recently discovered large porphyry deposit located in the north of the Derbugan metallogenic belt of northeastern China. The geochronological data of the deposit yielded a Late Triassic zircon U–Pb age of 202 ± 6 Ma from a granodiorite porphyry that hosts the Cu–Mo mineralization. Measured Re–Os isotopes of seven disseminated molybdenite samples yielded an isochron age of 200 ± 5 Ma with mean square of weighted deviates of 2.7, while those of seven veinlet molybdenite samples also produced an isochron age of 200.1 ± 2.5 Ma and mean square of weighted deviates of 3.3. These isochron ages show that a Cu–Mo mineralization event occurred at ca. 200 Ma. Based on regional tectonic evolution, we propose that the Late Triassic Cu–Mo mineralization of the host porphyry in the Derbugan metallogenic belt was mainly associated with the subduction of the Mongol–Okhotsk Ocean slab under the Ergun block, contrary to previous suggestion that it was related to the subduction of the Mesozoic Palaeo-Pacific plate.     

Isotope geochemistry and Re–Os geochronology of the Yanjiagou Mo deposit in the central North China Craton

The Yanjiagou deposit, located in the central North China Craton (NCC), is a newly found porphyry‐type Mo deposit. The Mo mineralization here is spatially associated with the Mapeng batholith. In this study, we identify four stages of ore formation in this deposit: pyrite phyllic stage (I), quartz–pyrite stage (II), quartz–pyrite–molybdenite stage (III), which is the main mineralization stage, and quartz–carbonate stage (IV). We present sulphur and lead isotope data on pyrite, and rhenium and osmium isotopes of molybdenite from the porphyry deposit and evaluate the timing and origin of ore formation. The δ³⁴S values of the pyrite range from ‐1.1‰ to −0.6‰, with an average of −0.875‰, suggesting origin from a mixture of magmatic/mantle sources and the basement rocks. The Pb isotope compositions of the pyrite show a range of 16.369 to 17.079 for ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb, 15.201 to 15.355 for ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb, and 36.696 to 37.380 for ²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb, indicating that the ore‐forming materials were derived from a mixture of lower crust (or basement rocks) and mantle. Rhenium contents in molybdenite samples from the main ore stage are between 74.73 to 254.43 ppm, with an average of 147.9 ppm, indicating a mixed crustal‐mantle source for the metal. Eight molybdenite separates yield model ages ranging from 124.17 to 130.80 Ma and a mean model age of 128.46 Ma. An isochron age of 126.7 ± 1.1 Ma (MSWD = 2.1, initial ¹⁸⁷Os = 0.0032 ± 0.0012 ppb) is computed, which reveals a close link between the Mo mineralization and the magmatism that generated the Mapeng batholith. The age is close to the zircon U–Pb age of ca. 130 Ma from the batholith reported in a recent study. The age is also consistent with the timing of mineralization in the Fuping ore cluster in the central NCC, as well as the peak time of lithosphere thinning and destruction of the NCC. We evaluate the spatio‐temporal distribution of the Mo deposits in the NCC and identify three important molybdenum provinces along the northern and southern margins of the craton formed during three distinct episodes: Middle to Late Triassic (240–220 Ma), Early Jurassic (190–175 Ma), and Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous (150–125 Ma). The third period is considered to mark the most important metallogenic event, coinciding with the peak of lithosphere thinning and craton destruction in the NCC. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Zircon U–Pb and pyrite Re–Os age constraints on pyrite mineralization in the Yinjiagou deposit,China

We report new zircon U–Pb and pyrite Re–Os geochronological studies of the Yinjiagou poly-metallic deposit, sited along the southern margin of the North China Craton (SMNCC). In this deposit, pyrite, the most important economic mineral, is intergrown/associated with Mo, Cu, Au, Pb, Zn, and Ag. Prior to our new work, the age of chalcopyrite–pyrite mineralization was known only from its spatial relationship with molybdenite mineralization and with intrusions of known ages. The U–Pb and Re–Os isotope systems provide an excellent means of dating the mineralization itself and additionally place constraints on the ore genesis and metal source. Zircons separated from the quartz–chalcopyrite–pyrite veins include both detrital and magmatic groups. The magmatic zircons confine the maximum age of chalcopyrite–pyrite mineralization to 142.0 ± 1.5 Ma. The Re–Os results yield an age of 141.1 ± 1.1 Ma, which represents the age of the chalcopyrite–pyrite mineralization quite well. The common Os contents are notably low (0.5–20.1 ppt) in all samples. In contrast, the Re contents vary considerably (3.0–199.2 ppb), most likely depending on intensive boiling, which resulted in an increase of Re within the pyrite. This study demonstrates that the main chalcopyrite–pyrite mineralization occurred late in the magmatic history and was linked to a deeper intrusion involving dominant mantle-derived materials. This mineralization event might be related to the Early Cretaceous lithospheric destruction and thinning of the SMNCC.     

Re–Os and U–Pb Geochronology of the Dawan Mo–Zn–Fe Deposit in Northern Taihang Mountains,China

The Dawan Mo–Zn–Fe deposit located in the Northern Taihang Mountains in the middle of the North China Craton (NCC) contains large Mo‐dominant deposits. The mineralization of the Dawan Mo–Zn–Fe deposit is associated with the Mesozoic Wanganzhen granitoid complex and is mainly hosted within Archean metamorphic rocks and Proterozoic–Paleozoic dolomites. Rhyolite porphyry and quartz monzonite both occur in the ore field and potassic alteration, strong silicic–phyllic alteration, and propylitic alteration occur from the center of the rhyolite porphyry outward. The Mo mineralization is spacially related to silicic and potassic alteration. The Fe orebody is mainly found in serpentinized skarn in the external contact zone between the quartz monzonite and dolomite. Six samples of molybdenite were collected for Re–Os dating. Results show that the Re–Os model ages range from 136.2 Ma to 138.1 Ma with an isochron age of 138 ± 2 Ma (MSWD = 1.2). U–Pb zircon ages determined by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry yield crystallization ages of 141.2 ± 0.7 (MSWD = 0.38) and 130.7 ± 0.6 Ma (MSWD = 0.73) for the rhyolite porphyry and quartz monzonite, respectively. The ore‐bearing rhyolite porphyry shows higher K₂O/Na₂O ratios, ranging from 58.0 to 68.7 (wt%), than those of quartz monzonite. All of the rock samples are classified in the shoshonitic series and characterized by enrichment in large ion lithophile elements; depletion in Mg, Fe, Ta, Ni, P, and Y; enrichment in light rare earth elements with high (La/Yb)_n ratios. Geochronology results indicate that skarn‐type Fe mineralization associated with quartz monzonite (130.7 ± 0.6 Ma) formed eight million years later than Mo and Zn mineralization (138 ± 2 Ma) in the Dawan deposit. From Re concentrations in molybdenite and previously presented Pb and S isotope data, we conclude that the ore‐forming material of the deposit was derived from a crust‐mantle mixed source. The porphyry‐skarn type Cu–Mo–Zn mineralization around the Wanganzhen complex is related to the primary magmatic activity, and the skarn‐type Fe mineralization is formed at the late period magmatism. The Dawan Mo–Zn–Fe porphyry‐skarn ores are related to the magmatism that was associated with lithospheric thinning in the NCC.     

The Age of the Neoproterozoic Dapingliang Skarn Copper Deposit in Kuruketage,NW China

The Dapingliang Cu deposit is located at the eastern part of the Kuruketage block in NW China. Igneous rocks are widely distributed in the district and skarn are formed at the contact zone between igneous rocks and the carbonates of Beiyixi Formation. The ore is distributed in the skarn. Zircon U-Pb isotopic ages of the plagiogranite, which is related to the Cu deposit, indicate that the lower and upper intercept ages are 826 ± 23 Ma and 1886 ± 61 Ma, respectively. The lower intercept age corresponds to a weighted mean ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U age of 826 ± 13 Ma, yielded by ten analysis points. The upper intercept age may represent the age of the source rock, from which the plagiogranite originated. Re-Os isotopic analysis of six molybdenite samples from L7 orebody in the Dapingliang deposit shows an isochron age of 830 ± 26 Ma, which corresponds to the weighted mean model age of 829.4 ± 9.5 Ma. The concordant ages obtained by zircon U-Pb dating and molybdenite Re-Os dating are compatible with the skarn-type mineralization at Dapingling and confirm that the deposit formed during the Tarim orogeny.     

Geochronology of the Xihuashan Tungsten Deposit in Southeastern China: Constraints from Re–Os and U–Pb Dating

Xihuashan tungsten deposit is one of the earliest explored tungsten deposits in southeastern China. It is a vein type deposit genetically associated with the Xihuashan granite pluton. Here we report new dating and zircon geochemistry results. Re–Os isotopic dating for molybdenite intergrowth with wolframite in the oldest generation of the Xihuashan pluton yielded an isochron age of 157.0 ± 2.5 Ma (2σ). Zircon U–Pb laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA‐ICP‐MS) dating shows that the pluton crystallized at 155.7 ± 2.2 Ma (2σ). This age is similar to the molybdenite Re–Os age for the ore deposit within error. This, together with published data, suggests that the major W(Mo)‐Sn mineralization occurred between 160–150 Ma in southeastern China. These deposits constitute a major part of the magmatic‐metallogenic belt of eastern Nanlin. The lower Re content in molybdenite of the Xihuashan tungsten deposit shows crustal origin for the ore‐forming material. The limited direct contributions from the subducting slab for the tungsten mineralization in the Nanling region suggest a change of the style of the paleo‐Pacific plate beneath southeastern China.     

华南志留纪钼的矿化: 白石顶钼矿锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄和辉钼矿Re-Os年龄证据

白石顶钼矿床位于湘粤桂交界的桂北姑婆山地区,主要以石英辉钼矿脉的形式产于桂岭岩体(角闪石)黑云母二长花岗岩和南华系浅变质浅海相碎屑岩中.桂岭岩体岩石类型以中-细粒斑状(角闪石)黑云母二长花岗岩为主,岩石呈灰白色,似斑状结构.斑晶主要由微斜长石和斜长石组成,基质则由微斜长石、斜长石、石英、黑云母和普通角闪石组成,副矿物有磁铁矿、锆石、褐帘石、绿帘石、磷灰石、榍石等.白石顶钼矿的矿石矿物主要为辉钼矿、黄铁矿、黄铜矿和白钨矿等.围岩蚀变有黄铁矿化、钾长石化、白云母化、绿泥石化等.文章通过对桂岭岩体及其包体中锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄和辉钼矿Re-Os年龄的测定,初步揭示了白石顶钼矿床的成矿年代,桂岭岩体(角闪石)黑云母二长花岗岩锆石SHRIMP UPb年龄为(424.4±5.6)Ma,其中的闪长质包体的SHRIMP U-Pb年龄为(428±4)Ma.6件辉钼矿Re-Os的加权平均年龄为(424.6±5.7)Ma,这表明白石顶钼矿床形成于志留纪.此次工作首次认为在华南地区志留纪也发生了金属钼的富集成矿,该成果对于深入认识华南地区加里东期的构造.岩浆演化及其成矿作用具有重要的科学价值.