内蒙古大青山逆冲推覆体系中生代逆冲构造活动的40Ar-39Ar定年

内蒙古大青山呼和浩特段北侧发育3条走向北东东、指向北西的逆冲断层,并与被其分割的3个逆冲席体及一个原地系构成大青山逆冲推覆体系.逆冲断层上盘底部发育较深层次的糜棱岩,下盘顶部多发育低温的千糜岩.本研究在构造地质调查基础上,结合宏-微观岩石矿物学分析,采用40Ar-39Ar定年对该逆冲体系的活动时间进行约束.逆冲断层带内3个千糜岩绢云母40Ar-39Ar年龄范围为120～119Ma,另一样品给出了120Ma的概率统计峰值年龄.千糜岩为低温同变形变质产物,细粒绢云母为同变形新生矿物,其40Ar-39Ar年龄可代表变形年龄.侵位在断层内弱变形的花岗闪长岩为同构造晚期侵位,角闪石40Ar-39Ar年龄限定其冷却时间下限为121Ma,概率统计峰值年龄为119Ma.逆冲断层上盘底部发育较高温的糜棱岩,而低温千糜岩的形成时间应属于变形后期.因此,120Ma至119Ma期间,大青山逆冲推覆体系的逆冲作用应已是处于变形晚期.     

楼子店变质核杂岩韧性变形作用的40Ar/39Ar年代学约束

楼子店变质核杂岩以拆离系中韧性剪切与脆性拆离运动学不一致,有别于北美科迪勒拉变质核杂岩。构造分析表明,核杂岩两侧拆离系中韧性剪切具有统一的上盘向北东的剪切特征。采自核杂岩两侧韧性剪切带中的3个黑云母单矿物^40Ar／^39Ar年龄介于126～128Ma之间,西侧韧性剪切带中1个角闪石单矿物^40Ar／^39Ar年龄为134Ma,4个样品的坪年龄与对应的等时线年龄一致。角闪石和黑云母坪年龄记录的韧性剪切作用的时限为126～134Ma,并且显示出韧性伸展的特点。研究表明楼子店变质核杂岩两侧的韧性剪切带形成时间一致并具有相同的运动学,韧性剪切作用是核杂岩形成演化的一个重要阶段,这为核杂岩形成的韧性伸展阶段的约束提供了年代学证据。     

西藏聂荣变质杂岩及邻区逆冲推覆与构造隆升时代

通过详细的野外观测结合地质填图资料,在聂荣变质杂岩及邻区厘定大规模逆冲推覆构造,不同时代的逆冲岩席自北—北东向南—南西逆冲推覆于上白垩统红层及下伏岩石地层之上,形成大量逆冲断层、滑脱构造、飞来峰、构造窗和褶皱构造。逆冲推覆构造运动导致侏罗纪蛇绿混杂岩、石炭系—二叠系构造层、古生界浅变质岩、变质基底之间发生拆离滑脱,在聂荣变质杂岩内部形成韧性剪切带和高角度斜冲断层。在唐古拉山口南侧形成北西—南东向土门-托纠-杂色右旋走滑断裂,走滑断裂末端转换为近东西向逆冲推覆构造。聂荣变质杂岩顶部逆冲推覆叠加滑覆,导致侏罗系混杂堆积和古生界沉积盖层向南西—西向运移86~110km,在那曲-巴尔达-班戈北形成近东西向长透镜状懂错蛇绿混杂岩逆冲岩席,沿缓倾斜断层发育向西倾斜的构造片理、摩擦镜面和近东西走向的矿物线理。裂变径迹测年表明,聂荣变质杂岩及邻区逆冲推覆及构造隆升时代主要为早白垩世晚期—晚白垩世早期(111±5~91±5Ma)、晚白垩世晚期(89±6~69±5Ma)、古新世晚期—始新世早期(55±4~44±2Ma),估算构造隆升视速率为0.10~0.69mm/a,部分断层逆冲推覆及构造隆升延续至古近纪晚期。综合各类观测资料,建立不同时期构造模式,探讨聂荣变质杂岩及邻区逆冲推覆构造演化过程及形成机理。     

内蒙古大青山逆冲推覆体系中生代逆冲构造活动的40Ar-39Ar定年

内蒙古大青山呼和浩特段北侧发育3条走向北东东、指向北西的逆冲断层,并与被其分割的3个逆冲席体及一个原地系构成大青山逆冲推覆体系。逆冲断层上盘底部发育较深层次的糜棱岩,下盘顶部多发育低温的千糜岩。本研究在构造地质调查基础上,结合宏-微观岩石矿物学分析,采用⁴⁰Ar-³⁹Ar定年对该逆冲体系的活动时间进行约束。逆冲断层带内3个千糜岩绢云母⁴⁰Ar-³⁹Ar年龄范围为120~119Ma,另一样品给出了120Ma的概率统计峰值年龄。千糜岩为低温同变形变质产物,细粒绢云母为同变形新生矿物,其⁴⁰Ar-³⁹Ar年龄可代表变形年龄。侵位在断层内弱变形的花岗闪长岩为同构造晚期侵位,角闪石⁴⁰Ar-³⁹Ar年龄限定其冷却时间下限为121Ma,概率统计峰值年龄为119Ma。逆冲断层上盘底部发育较高温的糜棱岩,而低温千糜岩的形成时间应属于变形后期。因此,120Ma至119Ma期间,大青山逆冲推覆体系的逆冲作用应已是处于变形晚期。     

冀中坳陷中区中生代中晚期大型拆离滑覆构造的确定

晚侏罗世至早白垩世 ,太行地区受区域热构造事件的影响 ,燕山期的岩浆活动达到高潮 ,并由此引发了阜平、赞皇变质核杂岩的强烈拱升及浅层的侧向伸展拆离作用 ,在阜平变质核杂岩东侧的冀中坳陷中区形成了西部伸展而东部挤压的有机相连、有序发展的拆离滑覆构造体系 ,波及宽度达 1 5 0km。其后缘伸展区表现为变质核杂岩内的韧性剪切带、盖层内的拆离伸展断层及伴随的断陷盆地 ;而前缘挤压区形成叠瓦状逆冲推覆构造体系 ;介于二者之间的中部过渡带构造变形相对较弱     

大青山伸展拆离断层运动学涡度研究及构造指示意义

在华北北缘的大青山伸展拆离断裂带叠加在中生代逆冲断层之上,其韧性剪切带在变质核杂岩南北两侧出露,运动学指向为上盘向南东向拆离.运动学涡度分析表明,大青山拆离断层剪切带早期(较高温)简单剪切分量不断增加直至简单剪切;拆离断层总体平均涡度Wm简单剪切分量沿拆离断层上盘运动方向增大,与韧性剪切带先垂向颈缩、后水平伸展的被动式...     

索伦缝合带中的印支期伸展作用:中国内蒙古苏尼特左旗变质核杂岩(英文)

根据对内蒙古苏尼特左旗地区的野外研究 ,我们将以前描述的交其尔逆冲断层重新解释为一南倾的伸展拆离断层。该断层为一印支期变质核杂的主拆离断层 ,它叠加在缩短的阿尔泰和满洲里带间的晚古生代索伦缝合带上。变质核杂岩的组成要素包括 :下盘的古生代中期和二叠—三叠纪侵入体 (分别是宝底道和哈拉图岩体 ) ,交其尔拆离断层之下、叠加在下盘岩体上的糜棱岩状剪切带 ,拆离断层本身和上盘成分多变、构造复杂的古生代和元古宙岩石。从U Pb年龄为 2 5 2Ma的糜棱岩化哈拉图岩体中获得白云母 ,其40 Ar/ 3 9Ar冷却年龄为 2 2 4Ma和 2 0 8Ma ,而后伸展沉积的下、中侏罗统沉积在下盘之上 ,表明变质核杂岩形成于印支期 ,即晚三叠世至侏罗纪最早期。研究区内 ,北东东走向的交其尔拆离断层的伸展作用方向大致为 2 15°。这是索伦缝合带内首次发现的印支期伸展作用 ,结合分隔遥远的中国各地区 ,如大别—苏鲁缝合带、西藏高原羌塘变质带和东阿尔金山区近来报道的其它一些晚三叠—早侏罗世 (约 2 2 0～ 190Ma)沿韧性拆离断层的伸展作用实例 ,清楚表明东亚地区区域性印支期变形的性质有必要进行重新研究     

辽西医巫闾山地区瓦子峪变质核杂岩的厘定

以前未被发现的辽西医巫闾山地区瓦子峪变质核杂岩主要由一条向西倾的低角度正断层———瓦子峪拆离断层组成 ,它将由早白垩世沉积岩和火山岩组成的上盘与糜棱岩化和未变形的下盘分开。瓦子峪拆离断层 (以前称之为孙家湾—稍户营子断裂 )位于变质核杂岩的西侧 ,倾角 10～ 4 0°,构造标志指示向北西方向 (约 2 90°)剪切。与早白垩世地壳伸展相伴生的下盘糜棱岩剪切方向也是北西向 ,这与瓦子峪拆离断层运动相关。已经发表的和未发表的锆石U Pb年龄、40 Ar/3 9Ar热年代学和上盘阜新盆地中生物地层的时代研究表明 ,地壳伸展和变质核杂岩形成时代为早白垩世 (约 12 7～ 116Ma)。我们未发现以前文献报道的医巫闾山是一对称的变质核杂岩的任何证据。瓦子峪变质核杂岩以及WNW侧的拆离断层的厘定会加深我们对华北克拉通早白垩世伸展作用的理解和认识 ,下一步的研究重点包括野外构造研究以确定拆离断层和下盘糜棱岩的空间展布 ,进一步采集样品以研究变质核杂岩的地质 /热年代学和变质核杂岩范围内的岩体成因。我们认为瓦子峪变质核杂岩的形成是太平洋板块边界重组、早白垩世岩浆作用致使地壳升温 ,从而导致经造山作用而加厚的地壳垮塌的结果。     

内蒙古大青山逆冲推覆构造带中泥质板岩激光微区40Ar/39Ar年龄

大青山逆冲推覆构造下盘发育一套泥质板岩,它们是由二叠系泥岩、粉砂质泥岩和粉砂岩、细砂岩遭受逆冲推覆变形引起的动力变质作用改造形成的,发育一组透入性劈理构造.通过岩石薄片鉴定,沿劈理面形成绢云母、白云母和绿泥石等同构造新生矿物.对其中新生白云母矿物进行了激光微区40Ar/39Ar测年,获得了(121.6±1.6)Ma的等时线年龄.野外地质证据表明了大青山逆冲断层发生过两期逆冲推覆变形作用,早期发生在印支期,晚期发生在燕山期.(121.6±1.6)Ma年龄代表燕山期逆冲推覆事件发生时间.     

琼西南 NE向韧性剪切带构造特征及其40Ar-39Ar年代学约束

野外构造解析和显微构造分析表明,琼西南戈枕和冲卒岭两条近NE向韧性剪切带具NW向SE推覆兼NE向左旋剪切特征。采自戈枕和冲卒岭韧性剪切带内糜棱岩样品中的单矿物的40Ar-39Ar年代学研究表明,戈枕韧性剪切带04HN04样品中黑云母的40Ar-39Ar坪年龄为(227.4±0.2)Ma,冲卒岭韧性剪切带04HN24样品中的白云母给出了(229.6±0.3)Ma的坪年龄,均为印支期变形产物。上述两条剪切带的变形运动学和变形时序与华南内陆主要韧性剪切带(如雪峰山地区)具有很好的一致性,这为理解琼西南地区早中生代构造演化和华南印支块体拼合历史及其效应提供了新的信息。     

40Ar/39Ar geochronology constraints on the Middle Tertiary basement extensional exhumation,and its relation to ore-forming and magmatic processes in the Eastern Rhodope (Bulgaria)

The interaction of distinct geologic processes involved during late orogenic extensional exhumation history of the metamorphic units in the Eastern Rhodope is refined by new and reviewing ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar geochronological and structural data. Minerals with different closure temperatures from metamorphic rocks investigated in this study are combined with those from magmatic and ore-forming hydrothermal rocks in two late stage metamorphic domes – the Kesebir-Kardamos and the Biala reka-Kehros domes. The 38-37 Ma muscovite and biotite cooling ages below 350°-300°C characterize basement metamorphic rocks that typified core of the Kesebir-Kardamos dome, constraining their exhumation at shallow crustal levels in the footwall of detachment. These ages are interpreted as reflecting last stage of ductile activity on shear zone below detachment, which continued to operate under low-temperature conditions within the semi-ductile to brittle field. They are close to and overlap with existing cooling ages in southern Bulgaria and northern Greece, indicating supportively that the basement rocks regionally cooled between 42-36 Ma below temperatures 350°-300°C. The spatial distribution of ages shows a southward gradual increase up structural section, suggesting an asymmetrical mode of extension, cooling and exhumation from south to the north at latitude of the Kesebir-Kardamos dome. The slightly younger 36.5-35 Ma crystallization ages of adularia in altered rocks from the ore deposits in the immediate hanging-wall of detachments are attributed to brittle deformation on high-angle normal faults, which further contributed to upper crustal extension, and thus constraining the time when alteration took place and deformation continued at brittle crustal levels. Silicic dykes yielded ages between 32-33 Ma, typically coinciding with the main phase of Palaeogene magmatic activity, which started in Eastern Rhodope region in Late Eocene (Priabonian) times. The ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar plateau ages from the above distinct rock types span time interval lasting approximately ca. 6 Ma. Consequently, our geochronologic results consistently indicate that extensional tectonics and related exhumation and doming, epithermal mineralizations and volcanic activity are closely spaced in time. These new ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar age results further contribute to temporal constraints on the timing of tectonic, relative to ore-forming and magmatic events, suggesting in addition that all above mentioned processes interfered during the late orogenic extensional collapse in the Eastern Rhodope region.     

Evolution and time of formation of the Hohhot metamorphic core complex,North China: new structural and geochronologic evidence

The Hohhot metamorphic core complex (MCC) is one of the typical MCCs in the North China craton. Its fault systems consist of the master Hohhot detachment zone (HHDZ) on the southern flank of the Daqing Shan, and the lowermost and uppermost northern detachment zones on the northern flank. Ductile deformation temperatures of three zones were estimated as 500 ± 50°C, 650 ± 50°C, and 400 ± 50°C, respectively, by analysis of microstructures of minerals and quartz [c] crystallographic axis fabrics using electron backscattered diffraction. These measurements suggest that previous ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar ages could not represent the time of the high-temperature (>500°C) ductile deformations. Therefore, we used U-Pb zircon ages of mylonitized and non-mylonitized granitic intrusions to constrain the timing of the early high-temperature shearing. Strongly mylonitized granites and weakly mylonitized granites in the lowermost northern detachment zone yielded zircon U-Pb ages of 148 ± 1 and 140 ± 1 million years respectively. A syn-kinematic pluton in the lower plate of the MCC gave a U-Pb age of 142 ± 1 million years. These allow us to speculate on the possibility that SE-directed, early tangential, high-temperature ductile shearing probably was initiated during ca. 148–140 Ma (or ca. 142 Ma) at depth, with the thrust events occurring at shallow levels. A strongly mylonitized granitic dike and a non-mylonitized pluton in the master HHDZ yielded ages of 142 ± 1 and 132 ± 2 million years respectively. A non-mylonitized pluton intrusive into the uppermost northern detachment zone was dated at 131 ± 1 Ma. All these suggest that major extensional ductile shearing along the detachment zones took place during ca. 140–132 Ma. Using these new U-Pb ages, combined with previously published ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar cooling ages that range from 127 Ma to 119 million years for the master HHDZ and supradetachment basins, we discuss and derive the time of formation process of the MCC. This is one of only a few cases of detailed study of timing for the development of an MCC from earlier deep-level shearing to later thermal uplifting (doming).     

北山中部增生造山过程:构造变形和~(40)Ar-~(39)Ar年代学制约

北山造山带是诠释中亚造山带南缘增生构造过程的关键区域之一。北山中部变质杂岩及相关侵入岩经历了复杂变质变形作用,是解剖北山增生构造演化过程的关键。本文在详细野外观察基础上,结合显微构造变形和黑云母~(40)Ar-~(39)Ar年代学研究,厘定北山中部相关岩石的变质变形时限。北山中部岩石普遍经历了韧性剪切变形。4个样品的黑云母~(40)Ar-~(39)Ar坪年龄分别为323.1±3.6Ma、296.0±3.7Ma、261.2±3.1Ma和209.2±4.0Ma,具有自北向南逐渐变年轻的特征。结合区域上岩石大地构造单元的展布特征,这些年龄反映了北山中部地区古生代至早中生代古洋壳(牛圈子洋盆)向北俯冲、造山带往南增生的过程。北山最晚的增生造山事件可能延续到三叠纪。     

西藏萨嘎地区仲巴微地体韧性滑脱剪切带~(40)Ar-~(39)Ar年龄及其地质意义

仲巴微地体夹持于雅江缝合带西段分支的南、北亚带之间,地体内发育韧性滑脱型剪切带。对该类高应变构造带活动时间进行厘定,不仅可以为其形成演化提供制约,而且也可为印度-欧亚板块碰撞过程提供重要的年代学佐证信息。在该剪切带不同变形部位采集了含白云母、黑云母糜棱质岩样品,进行云母类单矿物~(40)Ar-~(39)Ar测年。获取年龄数据3组:53.39±0.57Ma、39.45±0.42Ma、29.41±0.32Ma,表明该剪切带具有多期次构造活动叠加特征。其中第1组年龄代表在印度-欧亚板块初始碰撞阶段,剪切带形成的时代下限(最小年龄),因该剪切带是两大板块初始碰撞的产物,所以可佐证板块起始碰撞时间为53.39±0.57Ma之前的晚白垩世末—始新世初期;第2组年龄代表在板块主碰撞阶段,发生继承性的近南北向挤压剪切作用后白云母的冷却年龄;第3组年龄代表了后碰撞阶段,剪切带的再次滑动后低温隆升时期的黑云母年龄。     

Amphibole Ar/Ar Geochronology from the Okcheon Metamorphic Belt, South Korea and its Tectonic Implications

An understanding of the Okcheon Metamorphic Belt (OMB) in South Korea is central to unraveling the tectono-metamorphic evolution of East Asia. Amphibole-bearing rocks in the OMB occur as calcsilicate layers and lenses in psammitic rocks, in the psammitic rocks themselves, and in the mafic volcanic layers and intrusives. Most amphiboles fail to show ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar plateau ages; those that do have ages ranging from 132 to 975 Ma. The disturbed age pattern and wide variation in ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar ages can be related to metamorphic grade, retrograde chemical reactions, excess Ar and amphibole composition. The oldest age (975 Ma) can be interpreted either as an old igneous or metamorphic age predating sedimentation or a false age caused by excess Ar. The youngest age of 132 Ma and the disturbed age pattern found in amphiboles from rocks located close to Jurassic granitoids are the result of retrograde thermal metamorphic effects accompanying intrusion of the granitoids. Some medium- or coarse-grained amphiboles in the calcsilicates are aggregates of fine-grained crystals. As a result, they are heterogeneous and prove to be readily affected by excess Ar. A disturbed age pattern in amphiboles from the calcsilicates occurring in the high-grade metamorphic zone may also be the product of excess Ar. On the other hand, the disturbed pattern of amphiboles present in the calcsilicates from the low-grade metamorphic zone could arise from both excess Ar and mixed ages. However, amphiboles from psammitic rocks and some calcsilicates in the high-grade metamorphic zone and in intrusive metabasites display real plateau ages of 237 to 261 Ma. The temperature conditions in the high-grade metamorphic zone were higher than the argon closing temperature for amphibole, and the amphiboles in this zone give plateau ages only when they are homogeneous in composition, lack excess Ar, and have not been thermally affected by intrusion of the granitoids. The unmodified ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar ages prove rather younger than the age of the Late Paleozoic metamorphic event of 280 to 300 Ma, but they are close to muscovite K-Ar ages of 263 to 277 Ma. These ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar amphibole ages are interpreted as the time of cooling that followed the main regional, intermediate-P/T metamorphic climax. The results demonstrate that interpretation of ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar amphibole ages in an area subjected to several metamorphic events can be accomplished only by undertaking a thorough tectono-metamorphic study, accompanied by detailed chemical analysis of the amphiboles.     

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987110000022

<正>The Early Cretaceous Hohhot metamorphic core complex(mcc) of the Daqing Shan(Mtns.) of central Inner Mongolia is among the best exposed and most spectacular of the spatially isolated mcc's that developed within the northern edge of the North China "craton".All of these mcc's were formed within the basement of a Late Paleozoic Andean-style arc and across older Mesozoic fold-and-thrust belts of variable age and tectonic vergence.The master Hohhot detachment fault roots southwards within the southern margin of the Daqing Shan for an along-strike distance of at least 120 km.Its geometry in the range to the north is complicated by interference patterns between(1) primary,large-scale NW-SE-trend-ing convex and concave fault corrugations and(2) secondary ENE-WSW-trending antiforms and synforms that folded the detachment in its late kinematic history.As in the Whipple Mtns.of California, the Hohhot master detachment is not of the Wernicke(1981) simple rooted type:instead,it was spawned from a mid-crustal shear zone,the top of which is preserved as a mylonitic front within Carboniferous metasedimentary rocks in its exhumed lower plate.~(40)Ar—~(39)Ar dating of siliceous volcanic rocks in basal sections of now isolated supradetachment basins suggest that crustal extension began at ca.127 Ma, although lower-plate mylonitic rocks were not exposed to erosion until after ca.119 Ma.Essentially synchronous cooling of hornblende,biotite.and muscovite in footwall mylonitic gneisses indicates very rapid exhumation and at ca.122—120 Ma.Contrary to several recent reports,the master detachment clearly cuts across and dismembers older,north-directed thrust sheets of the Daqing Shan foreland fold-and-thrust belt.Folded and thrust-faulted basalts within its foredeep strata are as young as 132.6±2.4 Ma,thus defining within 5—6 Ma the regional tectonic transition between crustal contraction and profound crustal extension.     

西昆仑库地韧性剪切带的40Ar/39Ar年龄

西昆仑库地以南有一套变质变形较强的岩系,前人依照区域对比关系将其划为前寒武的古老基底。对西昆仑早期构造演化的论述均基于该观点,但没有提供确凿的同位素年代学证据。笔者通过野外观察、室内研究,确认库地以南的变质变形岩系是大型韧性推覆剪切作用的产物。通过对新生变质矿物角闪石和黑云母单矿物的⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar年龄分析,确定剪切变质年龄为426-451Ma,说明库地的变质变形岩系是形成于早古生代晚期的一条大型韧性剪切带,这对于解释西昆仑的早期构造演化具有重要意义。