氟碳铈矿和氟铈矿晶体结构的精确测定

用强功率四圆单晶衍射仪精确地修正了氟碳铈矿和氟铈矿的晶体结构．氟碳铈矿（ｂａｓｔｎａｅｓｉｔｅ，Ｃｅ（ＣＯ３）Ｆ）属六方晶系，其晶胞参数为：ａ＝０．７１４３８（９）ｎｍ，ｃ＝０．９８０８（２）ｎｍ，γ＝１２０°，Ｚ＝６，空间群Ｐ６－２ｃ．使用３６７个（Ｆ≥３σ（Ｆ））独立衍射点，经多轮最小二乘法修正后，最终获得偏离因子Ｒ＝０．０４９９．氟碳铈矿的晶体结构特征表现为［ＣＯ３］平面三角形平行ｃ轴分布，铈的配位数为９，Ｃｅ－Ｏ（Ｆ）平均键长为０．２５１５ｎｍ，Ｃ－Ｏ平均键长０．１３２７ｎｍ，每个氟原子与周围三个铈原子相连．氟铈矿（ｆｌｕｏｃｅｒｉｔｅ，ＣｅＦ３）属六方晶系，其晶胞参数为：ａ＝０．７１４１２（２１）ｎｍ，ｃ＝０．７２９８９（２１）ｎｍ，γ＝１２０°，Ｚ＝６．其空间群为：Ｐ３－ｃ１（Ｎｏ．１６５）．使用３２１个（Ｆ≥３σ（Ｆ）））独立衍射点，经多轮最小二乘法修正后，最终获得偏离因子Ｒ＝０．０５４２．氟铈矿的晶体结构表现为每个氟原子与周围三个铈原子相连接，每个铈原子与周围９个氟原子相连，铈的配位数为９，Ｃｅ－Ｆ平均键长为０．２４６８ｎｍ．     

加拿大苏必利尔区太古宙煌斑岩脉的成因：微量元素和Nd—Sr同位…

出露于加拿大苏必利尔罗灵河杂岩体中的含角闪石斑晶和单斜辉石斑晶的煌斑岩，具有碱性，含霞石标准矿物的玄武岩质成分（ＳｉＯ２＜５０ｗｔ％），成分变化从原始岩浆到分异岩浆［Ｍｇ／Ｍｇ＋∑Ｆｅ）＝０．６６－０．４０；Ｎｉ＝２００－３５ｐｐｍ］，岩石富含ＬＲＥＥ［Ｃｅ／Ｙｂ）ｍ＝１６－２６，Ｃｅｎ＝６０－３００；ｎ＝球粒陨石标准化］，Ｓｒ（８７０－１８００ｐｐｍ），Ｐ２Ｏ５（０．４－１．３ｗｔ％）和Ｂａ（１     

矿物3CaO·3Al_2O_3·BaSO_4形成过程研究

ｅｏｒｅａｎｕ等［１］研究ＣａＯＡｌ２Ｏ３Ｍｘ（ＳＯ４）Ｙ［Ｍ＝Ｍｇ２＋、Ｓｒ２＋、Ｂａ２＋、Ｚｎ２＋、Ｆｅ２＋、Ｆｅ３＋、Ａｌ３］系统中,形成类似于矿物３ＣａＯ·３Ａｌ２Ｏ３·ＣａＳＯ４（硫铝酸钙）的可能性时,报道合成了新矿物３ＣａＯ·３Ａｌ２Ｏ３·ＢａＳＯ４（简写为３ＣＡ·ＢａＳＯ４）;部分学者［２,３］研究过它的胶凝性能等。在有关文献中,研究者制备研究用纯矿物的煅烧条件、获得样品的矿相组成不尽相同。如文献［１］在温度１４００℃保温２４０ｍｉｎ,制备的样品包括铝酸钙（ＣａＯ·Ａｌ２Ｏ３…     

“海州式”磷矿床中磷灰石的矿物学研究

“海州式”磷矿床中的磷灰石主要由变质改造再活化、混合岩化交代重结晶而成，有微碳氟磷灰石、氟磷灰石两种，晶胞参数σ０＝９．３６５３－９．３８１９ｎｍ，Ｃ０＝６．８７９７－６．８９３６ｎｍ，晶体化学式为（Ｃａ５．００Ｆ３０．０２Ｓｒ０．０１ＴＲ０．０１）５．０４〔（Ｐ２．９９Ｃ０．０４）３．０３Ｏ１２〕Ｆ０．８０，（Ｃａ４．９４Ｆｅ０．０２Ｍｇ０．０２Ｓｒ０．０１ＴＲ０．０１）５．００〔（Ｐ２．９０〕     

东秦岭泥盆纪山阳—柞水成矿区电气石矿物化学和硼同位素组成

东秦岭泥盆纪山阳－柞水成矿区内众多层控贱金属硫化物矿床含矿层中含有相当比例的电气石，这些电气石属于黑气石－镁电气石类质同象系列，一般Ｍｇ〉Ｆｅ，Ｎａ〉Ｃａ（阳离子比较），明显的成分环带记录了主成矿期的海底（喷气）热液沉积成矿方式和随后的区域变质及热液叠加过程，在主成矿期形成的电气石的化学成分［ＦｅＯ／（ＦｅＯ＋ＭｇＯ）＝－０．３４－０．３９］和硼同位素组成（δ＾１１Ｂ＝－７．６‰￣－８．８‰）与海     

氟碳钙铈矿晶体结构解析探索

氟碳钙铈矿从１８３５年发现至今已有一百五十多年的历史。然而迄今还没有人深度用结构因子计算法成功测定其晶体结构，只有推测结构模型与部分原子位，本文第一次用结构因子计算法完成该矿物二级亚晶胞ａ＇ｃ＇的结构测定。晶体简易化学式Ｃｅ２ＣａＦ２［ＣＯ３］３，ａ＇ｃ＇亚晶胞空间群为Ｐ６３２２，晶胞参数ａ＇＝ｂ＇＝０．４１０１ｎｍ（ａ＝０．７１０４（１）ｎｍ，ａ＇＝１／√３ａ），ｃ＇＝２．７９０１（４）ｎｍ，ｒ     

等离子体发射光谱法测定重晶石中钡铁和硅

重晶石经Ｎａ２ＣＯ３熔融,水浸取,过滤。沉淀经ＨＣｌ溶解后,用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法同时测定主成分ＢａＳＯ４和次量成分Ｆｅ２Ｏ３以及滤液中的ＳｉＯ２,结果与部颁标准方法符合。方法精密度好,主量组分ＢａＳＯ４测定的ＲＳＤ（ｎ＝６）为０．２４％,次量组分Ｆｅ２Ｏ３和ＳｉＯ２的ＲＳＤ（ｎ＝６）分别是３．６９％和１．４５％。     

Synchysite－（Y）（新奇钙钇矿）的晶体结构

新奇钙钇矿［ｓｙｎｃｈｙｓｉｔｅ－（Ｙ）］，ＹＣａ（ＣＯ＿ｓ）Ｆ，经单晶Ｘ射线魏森堡法研究表明属单斜晶系，空间群为Ｃ２／ｃ，由四圆衍射仪精化求得的晶胞参数为：ａ＝１２．０３９（３），ｂ＝６．９５０（１），ｃ＝１８．４３６（６），β＝１０２．４５（２）°。在四圆衍射仪上采用ＭｏＫα辐射收集的三维衍射数据，已经劳伦兹偏振因子校正，未做吸收校正。总共１０１９个衍射点的强度数据，应用全矩阵最小二乘法对结构进行了精化，经各向异性温度因子校正后，Ｒ因子为０．０８６。新奇钙钇矿具有（００１）层状结构特征，Ｃａ层和（ＹＦ）层由碳酸根层隔开。层的堆垛方式与Ｃ２／ｃ白云母类似，其中Ｃａ层与白云母中的Ｋ层相对应，ＣＯ＿３层和（ＹＦ）层则分别对应于白云母中的四面体层和八面体层。由于Ｃａ层上下两边的ＣＯ＿ｓ层的相对错动，形成了类似于２Ｍ＿２白云母的堆垛多型结构。     

西藏南迦巴瓦峰地区发现的星叶石

在西藏境内喜马拉雅山脉的东端的南迦巴瓦峰地区发现了星叶石。该矿物产出于火成碳酸岩脉中，与白云石、方解石、镁橄榄石、镁铝尖晶石、金云母、韭闪石、磷灰石、镁钛矿、石榴石以及三种未定名副矿物共生。该矿物的晶胞参数为：ａ０＝５．３５６（１），ｂ０＝１１．６０７（４），ｃ０＝１１．８５１（６），α＝６４．５７°（３），β＝７６．９８°（４），γ＝８５．４５°（３）。化学成分（％）为：ＳｉＯ２３５．２２，ＴｉＯ２１１．４７，Ａｌ２Ｏ３１．１８，ＦｅＯ２８．９０，ＭｎＯ５．１５，ＭｇＯ１．５１，ＣａＯ１．７５，Ｋ２Ｏ５．９０，Ｎａ２Ｏ２．４６，总和９３．５４％，化学式为：（Ｋ，Ｎａ）３（Ｆｅ，Ｍｎ，Ｍｇ，Ｃａ）７Ｔｉ２Ｓｉ８Ｏ２４（Ｏ，ＯＨ）７。     

云南洱海东部新生代岩浆岩岩石化学

洱海东部新生代岩浆岩Ｋ－Ａｒ年龄范围为２９～３７Ｍａ，属于第三纪。岩石有超基性、基性、中性和酸性碱性岩。岩石化学成分富碱（Ｎａ２Ｏ＋Ｋ２Ｏ＝６．７～９．０％），钾销比值高（Ｋ２Ｏ／Ｎａ２Ｏ＞ｌ），钛（ＴｉＯ２＝０．４９％）和铁（ＦｅＯ＝５．８８％）富集度较低，氧化程度高（Ｆｅ２Ｏ３／ＦｅＯ＝０．６～４．６）等，属于典型的钾玄岩系列，有别于拉斑玄武岩系列、钙碱性系列和碱性玄武岩系列岩石。形成于陆内裂谷构造环境，其物质来源于交代的钾质富集型软流圈地幔源区。     

pH effect on Re(VII) and Se(IV) diffusion in compacted GMZ bentonite

In a high-level radioactive waste (HLW) repository, pH has an impact on the solubility, migration, and adsorption of radionuclides. Thus, understanding the effects of pH on the diffusion of radionuclides is essential for long-term disposal of HLW. In this work, the diffusion behaviors of Re(VII) and Se(IV) in compacted Gaomiaozi (GMZ) bentonite at different pH have been investigated by a through-diffusion method. The effective diffusion coefficient, i.e., D_e values of Re(VII) and Se(IV) were in the range of (1.0–2.4) × 10⁻¹¹ m²/s at pH 3.0–10.0 and (0.38–2.3) × 10⁻¹¹ m²/s at pH 3.0–9.0. In the case of Re(VII), the D_e values remained almost unchanged probably because ReO₄⁻ was the dominant species in the pH range of 3.0–10.0. In the case of Se(IV), whose predominant species were HSeO₃⁻ at pH < 9.0 and SeO₃²⁻ at pH ≥ 9.0, the D_e values decreased by a factor of 3–6 at pH 9.0, i.e., D_e (pH < 9.0)/D_e (pH 9.0) ≈ 3–6, implying that the species with a higher valence state had a stronger anion exclusion effect. The decrease in D_e values can be explained by the diffusion species of Se(IV). Additionally, the rock capacity factor α decreased with the increase of pH. HSeO₃⁻ was absorbed on GMZ bentonite with distribution coefficient K_d values in the range of (1.0–2.5) × 10⁻⁴ m³/kg at pH ≤ 8.0, whereas SeO₃²⁻ was negligibly sorbed at pH > 8.0.     

Optical Dating Equivalent Dose (De) Comparison of Global Standardised Growth Curve (gSGC) and Single-aliquot Regenerative-dose (SAR) Methods for Quartz Grains

Optical dating is a method of measuring the time since the sample was buried from last thermal event or light exposure. Samples such as quartz and feldspar grains are the most commonly used sediment of measurement. Single-Aliquot Regenerative-dose (SAR) method has become the most acceptable procedure for obtaining the equivalent Dose (D_e) of a sample. The Standardised Growth Curve (SGC) method provides a possible procedure for measuring a large number of samples; the limitation is that the growth curve fitted by different samples or even different aliquots is divergent. The global Standardised Growth Curve (gSGC) method improves the shortage by normalizing the dose response curves using one regenerative dose OSL signal. The gSGC provides a possible method for obtaining the D_e value of the sample efficiently and quickly. However, due to the radiation dose rate, operating procedures and instrument error and the selected regenerative-dose normalized dose value, etc., each laboratory should develop their own gSGC which has unique parameters. This study established the gSGC curve and measurement process of our laboratory, and then compared the consistency of the equivalent Dose (D_e) values from gSGC and SAR methods. In gSGC procedure, the D_e value of an aliquot can be estimated from the nature signal, one regenerative dose signal and their corresponding test dose signal. It will speed up the optical dating measurement rate of our laboratory and provide reference to establish gSGC in other laboratories. It is found that in the low dose range (0~100 Gy) the obtained D_e values were well consistent by gSGC and SAR methods. There were obviously differences in the higher dose range (>100 Gy) compared to the SAR results. It may be due to the insufficient number of older samples used to fit gSGC in this study. It is necessary to gradually accumulate more samples to improve the gSGC parameters in the future work. For some aliquots, individual quartz grains do not follow the global standardised growth curve, which leads to some deviations of D_e from gSGC. However, these two methods could obtain the similar average De value when multiple aliquots measuring.     

Adsorption of Lead (II), Copper (II) on tourmaline from Altai mine in China's Sinkiang

Tourmaline from Altai mine in China's Sinkiang was used to remove lead (II), copper (II) from aqueous solution. The results demonstrate that tourmaline contains Na(Mg,V)3Al6(BO3)3Si6O18(OH)4, NaFe3Al6(BO3)3Si6O18(OH)4. The data show that Tourmaline from Altai mine in China's Sinkiang can be used natural adsorbent for lead (II), copper (II).It is observed that the adsorption data fitted to the Langmuir isotherm. Furthermore, both Pb (II) and Cu (II) absorbed by tourmaline and tourmaline were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Laser Raman Spectrum, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray energy dispersive spectrometer, Transmission electron microscopy and Zeta potential.     

副蝎蛉科化石（昆虫纲长翅目）在中国首次发现

报道了华夏三叠副蝎蛉Triasoparachorista huaxiaensis gen. et sp nov. (T2t)、吐孜沟准噶尔蝎蛉Junggarochorista tuzigouensis Hong. nom. nov. (J1b) 和1个新转移属——冀北直脉蝎蛉属Jibeiorthophlebia Hoing, 1983 (transl. nov.) (J2)及其2个种J. xiaofangzhangziensis Hong,1983 (transl. nov.)、J. internata Hong,1983 (transl. nov.) 在中国首次发现。根据它们的脉序特征,在分类上应当归于Parachoristidae Tillyard, 1937。这个科既具有二叠蝎蛉科(Permochoristidae) MP 带6支脉的特征,又有直脉蝎蛉科(Orthophlebiidae) Rs1至少带3支脉呈扇形排列的特征, 形成二叠蝎蛉科和直脉蝎蛉科之间的一种独特的过渡特征的中间类群,这个类群对它们之间的演变关系的研究有重要意义。副蝎蛉科化石在中国的发现很有意义：①填补了中国中三叠世、早侏罗世、中侏罗世副蝎蛉科的空白;②可以帮助我们追溯副蝎蛉科、直脉蝎蛉科和二叠蝎蛉科之间在不同地质背景中的演变关系;③关于中侏罗世燕辽生物群及其有关问题,笔者曾先后指出,燕辽生物群(Yanliao Biota)（J2）和热河生物群（K1）均起源于华北古陆（North China Paleocontinent）,燕辽地区（覆盖了新增加的内蒙古宁城地区）是它们的起源中心,尔后向外扩散与迁移,并向北覆盖到蒙古东部、俄罗斯外贝加尔等地区,形成东亚古陆（Eastern Asian Paleocontinent）中一个广阔的燕辽生物群和热河生物群的区系;④讨论了宁城地区地层层位的归属问题。     

无网格伽辽金法(EFGM)模拟不连续面

无网格伽辽金法（ＥＦＧＭ）是最近出现的一种新的数值方法。该法只需节点信息,不需将节点连成单元;此外,还有精度高、后处理方便等优点。本文论述如何用该法模拟不连续面,并给出算例。     

西藏荣那铜（金）矿床环境地质特征

荣那矿床位于西藏改则县城西北约110 km处,属于多龙矿集区东北部,位于羌塘国家级自然保护区的实验区,同时单个矿体铜的规模属世界少有、我国最大。因此,对该矿床进行环境特征的研究有极其重要的意义。     

瞬变电磁法(TEM)和激发极化法在金矿勘探中的应用

本文简述了脉冲瞬变电磁法(TEM)和激发极化法在贵州×××金矿勘探中的综合应用。介绍了TEM瞬变电磁法、激发极化法原理、工作仪器及工作中所采用参数及资料整理中所有分析解释软件,选择了黄泥堡金矿10线TEM剖面、激电剖面作为实例进行异常解释推断并结合电测深及钻孔资料对异常进行了验证。     

西藏多不杂铜（金）矿床环境地质特征

多不杂斑岩铜金矿地处西藏阿里地区改则县境内,位于改则县城北西方向约100km处。该矿床位于班公湖-怒江缝合带西段北缘,目前已经控制的铜资源量超过400万吨,品位0.46%~1.13%;金资源量超过110 t,品位0.15 ~0. 26g/t（祝向平等,2012）,是西藏继玉龙、驱龙斑岩铜矿后发现的又一个具超大型远景规模的斑岩型富金铜矿床（李光明等,2007）。由于矿床位于藏北高原,生态环境极其脆弱,因此,研究其环境特征有着极为重要的意义。     

西藏阿里地区的腹足类化石

采自西藏阿里地区五县市几个层位的腹足类化石分属早奥陶世、早石炭世、早二叠世、早白垩世(多数)、晚白垩世(少数)及第三纪等时限;共计31种(包括12个新种、3个相似种、8个未定种),归入26属(包括1新属),分属14科。它们的地理分布及与它区的对比也略予论述。