喜马拉雅琼嘉岗超大型伟晶岩锂矿的形成时代、源区特征及分异特征

喜马拉雅新生代淡色花岗岩带是近年来提出的与高度结晶分异、异地深成淡色花岗岩有关的稀有金属战略远景区,目前其金属组合以铍-铌-钽（-锡-钨）为主。秦克章等（2021a）报道了在高喜马拉雅带珠峰地区发现的琼嘉岗锂矿,是喜马拉雅首例具有工业价值的伟晶岩型锂矿。本次研究重点揭示喜马拉雅琼嘉岗伟晶岩型锂矿的成矿特征、形成时代和源区特征。琼嘉岗矿区矿石矿物主要为锂辉石、铌铁矿-铌锰矿、少量锡石和绿柱石,特征性长柱状锂辉石主要产于块体微斜长石+锂辉石带和分层细晶岩带内。琼嘉岗锂辉石伟晶岩各结构分带的K/Rb含量较为相似,锂含量从边部细粒钠长石带（~100×10^-6）到分层细晶岩带（~1000×10^-6）,再到块体微斜长石+锂辉石带（>3000×10^-6）逐渐升高,而Cs含量逐渐降低。独居石和铌钽铁矿族矿物LA-ICPMS定年结果显示,琼嘉岗锂辉石伟晶岩形成于新喜马拉雅阶段早期（25~24Ma）,与高喜马拉雅地区淡色花岗岩时代相近。矿物化学和独居石Nd同位素结果显示该稀有金属伟晶岩结晶于高度演化的花岗伟晶岩熔体,源区特征与高喜马拉雅结晶岩系一致。本研究所揭示的琼嘉岗成矿特征、形成时代和源区特征将为高喜马拉雅其它地区找寻大型花岗伟晶岩型锂矿提供重要借鉴意义。     

四川省可尔因伟晶岩田东南密集区锂辉石矿床成矿规律

四川省可尔因伟晶岩田东南密集区内具有丰富的锂矿资源,伟晶岩脉充填于可尔因二长花岗岩体周围0~5 000m宽度范围的地层节理裂隙中,按矿物组成及空间分布规律分为5种类型,具明显的水平和垂直分带特征。锂辉石矿体赋存于钠长锂辉石伟晶岩脉中,距岩体500~4 000m,形态简单,以脉状为主,基本上全脉锂矿化,内部结构分带不明显。含矿伟晶岩的主要组成矿物为钠长石、石英、锂辉石,主要有用组分为锂,其他伴生可利用组分有稀有金属铌、钽、铍及有色金属锡。规模巨大的含矿伟晶岩脉有2~3种伟晶岩类型,富矿体、贫矿体及脉石之间往往呈渐变关系。     

喜马拉雅琼嘉岗超大型伟晶岩型锂矿的发现及意义

近年来，喜马拉雅新生代淡色花岗岩的"高度分离结晶、异地深成侵入"成因，及其具有良好的稀有金属成矿潜力而倍受关注。已有野外调查和资源勘查工作表明该花岗岩带可能成为我国稀有金属重要的战略储备基地。目前带内金属组合以铍-铌-钽（锡-钨）组合为主（如错那洞大型锡-钨-铍矿床），但尚未发现工业锂矿体的产出。本次工作在高喜马拉雅琼嘉岗地区发现了超大型伟晶岩型锂矿，并初步揭示该伟晶岩型锂矿的基本地质特征。琼嘉岗伟晶岩属于过铝质LCT型伟晶岩，稀有金属（REL）类REL-Li亚类钠长石-锂辉石型。含矿伟晶岩呈串珠状、囊状体产出在前寒武系肉切村群大理岩中，伟晶岩具有一定分带，目前主要包括细粒钠长石带、文象结构带、分层细晶岩带和块体微斜长石+锂辉石带，赋矿主体结构带为后两者。矿石矿物主要为锂辉石、铌铁矿-铌锰矿，以及少量锡石和绿柱石。59件样品中44件Li₂O含量在工业品位（0.80%）之上，平均1.30%。4条伟晶岩脉群资源量估算表明琼嘉岗锂资源可达超大型规模，琼嘉岗是喜马拉雅首例具有工业价值的伟晶岩型锂矿，其发现证实我国高喜马拉雅地区具有找寻大型-超大型花岗伟晶岩型锂（铍）矿的潜力。     

新疆阿尔金地区黄龙岭超大型伟晶岩型锂矿床的发现及找矿意义SCIEI北大核心CSCD

阿尔金造山带位于青藏高原北缘,处于柴达木地块、祁连-昆仑造山带及塔里木地块之间,是由原特提斯洋俯冲碰撞/增生造山作用所形成的复合型造山带。阿尔金地区花岗伟晶岩相当发育,2018年以来,在这些花岗伟晶岩中陆续发现了瓦石峡南锂矿、恰达克锂矿、吐格曼锂铍矿、阿亚克锂矿、库木萨依锂矿、沙梁西锂矿、塔什达坂锂矿等一批中型矿床,使该地区也成为了我国伟晶岩型锂矿的找矿新区带。研究团队通过多次野外勘查、系统取样与室内化验分析,确认在新疆若羌县库木达坂东的黄龙岭地区发现了一处超大型花岗伟晶岩型锂多金属矿床。初步圈定出一条长大于4500m、宽大于1000m的含锂辉石矿伟晶岩脉群;在该伟晶岩群内圈出16个矿体,各矿体长约370~4230m,厚1.2~40.85m,Li_(2)O平均品位1.26%~3.60%。初步估算矿区潜在Li_(2)O资源量为186.08万t,伴生4.95万t BeO和11.85万t Rb_(2)O,达到超大型远景规模,有望成为一个世界级的巨型锂矿床。黄龙岭超大型锂矿的发现,实现了阿尔金地区稀有金属矿产找矿的重大突破,该地区有望成为我国一个新的重要锂资源基地。     

云南三江地区典型金矿床吨位-边界品位曲线特征

吨位-平均品位-边界品位曲线是矿床评价的重要参考,也是理解成矿过程的一个窗口。本文借助吨位-平均品位-边界品位分形模型,选取我国三江地区典型金矿床的局部地段矿体——北衙万硐山磁铁矿-赤铁矿型矿体、镇沅冬瓜林浸染状低温硫化物型矿体、大龙潭氧化硫化物型矿体以及勐满热水塘强硅化泥化蚀变的热泉型矿体;热水塘主要为低品位矿石,而其它三个矿床品位相对较高;分别计算了四个金矿床的吨位-边界品位曲线,并分析其特征。文章提出矿化分散指数(MDI),将其定义为K_o=－ΔO/ΔG_c,K_m=－ΔM/ΔG_c(ΔG_c为两个边界品位之差,ΔO与ΔM分别为相对应的矿石量与金属量之差);K_o与K_m值越小,表明空间中金属分布相对分散。文中分析的四个金矿床的曲线均是低边界品位区间的矿化分散指数较高(MDI₁,即K_o1,K_m1),高边界品位区间的矿化分散指数相对较低(MDI₂,即K_o2,K_m2);说明在不同类型金矿床中,高品位区间比低品位区间的金属空间分布更加分散。K_o1和K_o2由高到低依次为热水塘、大龙潭、万硐山和冬瓜林,K_m1和K_m2由高到低依次为热水塘、万硐山、大龙潭和冬瓜林。热水塘的矿化分散指数比其他三个矿床高,说明热泉型金矿成矿元素空间分布比较集中。     

湖南仁里矿田锂辉石白云母伟晶岩地质特征及其找矿意义

仁里矿田位于扬子陆块与华夏陆块交汇的江南隆起造山带中段、幕阜山岩体西南缘的舌状体区域。稀有金属伟晶岩矿化类型在空间上具分带性,矿田北东部为白云母伟晶岩,西南部为锂辉石白云母伟晶岩。本文对矿田内3条代表性的锂辉石白云母伟晶岩开展了地质和地球化学特征研究。测试结果为:SiO2含量为62.0%~78.0%(平均71.8%);Al2O3为14.8%~18.0%(平均16.1%),Al2O3/(K2O+Na2O+CaO)摩尔比(A/CNK=1.52~13.0)大于1.1,分异指数(DI)89.7~97.5,∑REE=2.07~14.8μg/g,LREE/HREE=6.90~15.9。研究表明:①仁里矿田伟晶岩为过铝质岩浆系统下高分异、富碱、富稀有金属、富铪锆型花岗质伟晶岩,锂铌钽等稀有金属矿化与磷灰石化关系密切。②锂辉石白云母伟晶岩具有良好的分带性,其结晶分异时间晚于白云母伟晶岩,我们推测伟晶岩岩浆的结晶、分异时间越长越有利于Li元素的富集;矿田稀有金属矿化组合呈现Be+Nb+Ta→Be+Nb+Ta+Li→Be+Li的演化规律。③仁里矿田锂矿资源丰富,主要集中在矿田西南部,有望在进一步增加矿田钽铌资源量的基础上,提交一处高品位的大型锂矿床;在锂矿找矿工作中,尤其注意伟晶岩中的贫Nb、Ta锂辉石白云母伟晶岩地段。     

新疆和田县雪凤岭锂矿床、雪盆锂矿床和双牙锂矿床地质特征及伟晶岩脉群分带初步研究

作为战略性关键金属矿产,锂矿勘查与研究已成为当今矿产勘查和地学研究的热点。项目组2017年以来通过多次野外勘查、系统取样与室内化验分析,确认在新疆和田县白龙山锂多金属矿床东部的雪凤岭一带发现了雪凤岭、雪盆和双牙3处花岗伟晶岩型锂多金属矿床。雪凤岭锂矿床由3个含矿伟晶岩脉群共计47条锂多金属矿体组成,矿体长32~360 m,厚0.9~8 m,走向110°~120°,倾角49°~78°。对雪凤岭矿区伟晶岩脉群研究,发现含矿伟晶岩脉群‒含白云母伟晶岩脉群‒块体石英长石伟晶岩脉群‒含黑色电气石伟晶岩脉群‒块体石英长石伟晶岩脉群‒含白云母伟晶岩脉群‒含矿伟晶岩脉群具对称分带特征,进而在距雪凤岭1550 m南部的双牙山和雪盆沟发现较好的锂矿体,其中双牙锂矿床主矿体长850 m,厚12 m,出露最宽处近100 m;雪盆锂矿床3条锂矿体,长800~1200 m,厚4~8 m,向西合成一个矿体,厚12~20 m。各矿体Li2O品位0.6%~4.02%。伴生BeO品位0.04%~0.15%,Rb2O品位0.10%~0.23%,Nb2O5品位0.007%~0.047%,Ta2O5品位0.003%~0.046%。预测雪凤岭、雪盆、双牙3个矿床334资源量共计Li2O为7.1886×105 t,BeO为2.648×103 t,Rb2O为1.433×103 t,Nb2O5为3.387×103 t,Ta2O5为1.727×103 t,雪凤岭一带有望成为一个超大型锂多金属稀有金属矿产基地。     

珠峰地区热曲锂辉石伟晶岩的发现及对喜马拉雅稀有金属成矿作用研究的启示

目前研究已经显示，喜马拉雅淡色花岗岩具有良好的铍-铌钽-锂等稀有金属成矿潜力。其中珠穆朗玛峰（后文简称珠峰）西侧的普士拉一带，是喜马拉雅地区锂辉石伟晶岩集中的区域。本文报道在普士拉东北的珠峰北侧热曲地区，发现有含锂辉石伟晶岩脉，这些伟晶岩呈透镜体状集中赋存于肉切村群"黄带层"大理岩与北坳组钙质硅酸岩的接触界线部位，同围岩一起经历了强烈的变形，且未出现明显内部分带结构，矿物组成中包含锂辉石、透锂长石、绿柱石、铌钽铁矿、锡石等锂-铍-铌钽-锡稀有金属矿物，其Li₂O含量达1.30%~2.15%，显示经历过高程度分异演化的岩浆结晶特征。热曲含锂辉石伟晶岩的发现表明珠峰地区具有锂成矿的良好前景，是未来锂矿产勘查的重点靶区，而藏南拆离系韧性剪切带中的肉切村群"黄带层"下部与北坳组顶部位置，是锂辉石伟晶岩的重要富集层位，值得今后在锂资源寻找过程中予以充分关注。     

喜马拉雅东段库曲岩体锂、铍和铌钽稀有金属矿物研究及指示意义

稀有金属矿物记录了花岗伟晶岩成岩成矿的重要信息。喜马拉雅是全球著名的淡色花岗岩带,库曲岩体位于喜马拉雅东段的特提斯喜马拉雅岩系中。本文调查了库曲岩体的二云母花岗岩、白云母花岗岩、电气石花岗岩和花岗伟晶岩,其中,花岗伟晶岩涉及花岗岩的伟晶岩相和独立伟晶岩脉。库曲岩体产出的稀有金属矿物包括锂辉石、锂绿泥石、绿柱石、铌铁矿-钽铁矿、钇铀钽烧绿石和细晶石,它们主要赋存于似文象伟晶岩、石英-钠长石-白云母伟晶岩、块体长石-钠质细晶岩、块体长石-电气石钠质细晶岩、锂辉石-块体长石-细晶岩、白云母花岗岩的伟晶岩相以及电气石花岗岩内。显微镜观察、电子探针和LA-ICP-MS测试结果显示锂辉石具有四种产状,包括粗粒锂辉石自形-半自形晶、细粒锂辉石-石英镶嵌晶、中细粒锂辉石-钾长石-钠长石-云母镶嵌晶以及发育锂绿泥石的粗粒锂辉石,揭示了其形成时复杂的熔流体动荡结晶环境。绿柱石背散射电子图像（BSE）下呈均一结构和不均一结构（蚀变边、不规则分带和补丁分带）,元素替代机制包括通道-八面体替代、通道-四面体替代以及通道中碱金属阳离子间的置换。铌铁矿族矿物包括原生、蚀变边和不规则分带结构,部分被钇铀钽烧绿石和细晶石交代。与原生铌铁矿相比,蚀变边和不规则分带铌铁矿族矿物总体上富钽贫锰,显示了结晶分异、过冷却引起的过饱和以及流体作用。根据稀有金属矿物揭示的成因信息,独立伟晶岩脉（似文象伟晶岩）、白云母花岗岩的伟晶岩相和电气石花岗岩在岩浆分异程度、经历的演化过程、以及流体活动方面存在差异,很可能是不同期次岩浆活动的产物。库曲岩体绿柱石的Rb和Zn含量、以及铌铁矿族矿物的Sc₂O₃、SiO₂和PbO含量,与已有指示标志存在相关性,作为潜在指示标志仍需开展更多的研究工作。综合含锂辉石伟晶岩的产出、岩浆分异演化程度、多期花岗质岩浆活动、复杂的流体作用以及所属锂丰度高值区等因素,库曲岩体是喜马拉雅东段找锂的有利地段。     

四川甲基卡矿田花岗岩型锂工业矿体的发现及意义

以往都认为四川甲基卡是"伟晶岩型锂辉石矿床",经过2018年的钻探验证,尤其是对甲基卡矿田东南部鸭柯柯矿区ZK801钻孔的详细研究,发现鸭柯柯矿区的锂矿物不只有锂辉石,还有磷锂铝石;矿体不局限在伟晶岩中,也出现在细粒花岗岩中,更常见的是以锂辉石、磷锂铝石和其他造岩矿物(长石、石英、云母等)共同组成近等粒状的或不规则状但总体上矿物粒度达不到伟晶结构,与标准的伟晶岩明显不同。因此,鸭柯柯矿区的工业矿体主要属于花岗岩型而非伟晶岩型;矿体在成因上以交代为主,充填为次;矿石类型以细晶状为主,伟晶状少见;矿石矿物以锂辉石为主,常见磷锂铝石,偶见锂云母;矿化分带不明显,局部出现非常复杂的结构带,如"锂辉石伟晶岩+磷锂铝石锂辉石花岗细晶岩"组成的复式脉和"含磷锂铝石锂辉石细晶花岗岩+石英微斜长石伟晶岩+石英细脉"组成的复式脉。这一非传统矿化类型的发现,弥补了硬岩型锂矿以"伟晶岩型锂辉石"为主导的单打一局面,拓宽了找矿思路,同时也为伟晶岩型矿脉深部寻找大规模的层状稀有金属矿体"地下室"提供了实例。     

Police, politics, and the right to the city

Space and spatiality have recently been at the core of debates concerning the political possibilities of the city. The arguments advanced in this paper might be seen as an attempt to contribute to these debates through a reflection on the spatiality of (in) justice, politics, and the right to the city. The case of French urban policy, with its focus on distressed urban areas, and the `suburban problem' in France are used as examples to make arguments more concrete.     

Rb-Sr, K-Ar, H-and O-Isotope systematics of the Middle Riphean shales from the Debengda Formation, the Olenek Uplift, North Sibera

Clay subfractions (SFs) of <0.1, 0.1–0.2, 0.2–0.3, 0.3–0.6, 0.6–2 and 2–5 μm separated from Middle Riphean shales of the Debengda Formation are studied using the TEM, XRD, K-Ar and Rb-Sr isotopic methods. The oxygen and hydrogen isotope compositions in the SFs are studied as well. The low-temperature illite-smectite is dominant mineral in all the SFs except for the coarsest ones. The XRD, chemical and isotopic data imply that two generations of authigenic illite-smectite different in age are mixed in the SFs. The illite crystallinity index decreases in parallel with size diminishing of clay particles. As compared to coarser SFs, illite of fine-grained subfractions is enriched in Al relative to Fe and Mg, contains more K, and reveals higher K/Rb and Rb/Sr ratios. The Rb-Sr age calculated by means of the leachochron (“inner isochron”) method declines gradually from 1254-1272 Ma in the coarsest SFs to 1038-1044 Ma in finest ones, while the K-Ar age decreases simultaneously from 1225–1240 to 1080 Ma. The established positive correlation of δ¹⁸O and δD values with dimensions of clay particles in the SFs seems to be also consistent with the mixing systematics. The isotopic systematics along with data on mineral composition and morphology lead to the conclusion that mixedlayer illite-smectite was formed in the Debengda shales during two periods 1211–1272 and 1038–1080 Ma ago. The first period is likely close to the deposition time of sediments and corresponds to events of burial catagenesis, whereas the second one is correlative with the regional uplift and changes in hydrological regime during the pre-Khaipakh break in sedimentation.     

Isotopic systematics of He,Ar, S,Cu, Ni,Re, Os,Pb, U,Sm, Nd,Rb, Sr,Lu, and Hf in the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits

This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (³He/⁴He, ⁴⁰Ar/³⁶Ar, ³⁴S/³²S, ⁶⁵Cu/⁶³Cu, ⁶²Ni/⁶⁰Ni, ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr, ¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd, ^206–208Pb/²⁰⁴Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others.     

Influences of the unsaturated,saturated, and riparian zones on the transport of nitrate near the Merced River,California, USA

Transport and transformation of nitrate was evaluated along a 1-km groundwater transect from an almond orchard to the Merced River, California, USA, within an irrigated agricultural setting. As indicated by measurements of pore-water nitrate and modeling using the root zone water quality model, about 63% of the applied nitrogen was transported through a 6.5-m unsaturated zone. Transport times from recharge locations to the edge of a riparian zone ranged from approximately 6 months to greater than 100 years. This allowed for partial denitrification in horizons having mildly reducing conditions, and essentially no denitrification in horizons with oxidizing conditions. Transport times across a 50–100-m-wide riparian zone of less than a year to over 6 years and more strongly reducing conditions resulted in greater rates of denitrification. Isotopic measurements and concentrations of excess N₂ in water were indicative of denitrification with the highest rates below the Merced River. Discharge of water and nitrate into the river was dependent on gradients driven by irrigation or river stage. The results suggest that the assimilative capacity for nitrate of the groundwater system, and particularly the riverbed, is limiting the nitrate load to the Merced River in the study area.     

扬子北缘马元铅锌矿床闪锌矿微量元素及S-Pb-He-Ar-C同位素地球化学研究

马元铅锌矿床是近年扬子陆块北缘铅锌找矿的新突破。矿体呈层状、似层状产于碑坝隆起翼部震旦系灯影组角砾状白云岩层间构造带中,围岩蚀变很弱。矿石中硫化物以闪锌矿、方铅矿为主,中粗粒晶质结构,充填于白云岩角砾间。闪锌矿富集Cd、Ge、Ag,贫In、Tl、Se,Ga/In为6~132,Ge/In多1000,成矿温度以中-低温为主。金属硫化物ε~(34)S值相对集中,为12.9‰~19.4‰,平均为17.4‰,来自于海相硫酸盐的还原。铅同位素组成稳定,~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb为17.858~17.918:~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb为15.603~15.694;~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb为37.756~38.046,具有造山带和上地壳铅的特征,震旦系可能提供了金属成矿物质。闪锌矿中流体包裹体的~3He/~4He为0.03Ra~1.05Ra,~(40)Ar/~(36)Ar为326.1~765.1,~(38)Ar/~(36)Ar为0.183~0.204,表明成矿流体主要为地壳流体和饱和大气水(大气降水或海水)的混合。闪锌矿内流体包裹体挥发分δ~(13)C_(CH_4)值为-36.01‰~-28.80‰,δ~(13)C_(C_2H_6)值为-27.72‰~-22.44‰,δ~(13)C_(CO_2)值为-23.24‰~-9.68‰,表明有机流体参与了成矿作用。石英、方解石的H-O同位素结果表明具有海水和有机水混合的特征。可见,成矿流体具有两种流体混合的特征,一为蒸发海水与围岩反应所形成的盆地卤水,二为有机流体。推测矿区可能存在一个古油气藏,由于TSR生成一高硫气藏,为区内还原性有机流体的主要来源。当富含Pb、Zn等成矿物质的成矿流体运移至富含CH_4和H_2S的还原性流体的矿区角砾岩带时,两种流体混合,Pb、Zn等遇到H_2S发生反应而沉淀成矿,并伴生热液白云石等,形成了马元铅锌矿床。综上所述,我们认为马元矿床属MVT型铅锌矿床。     

Delivery of Trace Metals (Al,Fe, Mn,V, Co,Ni, Cu,Cd, Ag,Pb) from the Trinity River Watershed Towards the Ocean

The Trinity River (Texas, USA) contains in its watershed 23 different reservoir lakes, the largest one being Lake Livingston situated in the lower Trinity River watershed and two potentially polluting metroplexes, Dallas and Houston. In order to determine fluxes of nutrients and trace metals to Galveston Bay, a survey that included 24 discreet samples collected over a year and at various stages of discharge was carried out during 2000–2001. Geochemical (i.e., sorption by Fe oxyhydroxides), biological (i.e., seasonal uptake by sinking algae in Lake Livingston), and hydrological (i.e., dilution effects by increasing flow rates) controls were found to be mainly responsible for variations in dissolved trace metal concentrations rather than pollution sources. The Trinity River loads of suspended sediments and pollutant trace metals entering Galveston Bay at Anahuac were <20% of those reaching Lake Livingston, and only a few percent of the total upstream trace metal load is entering the Gulf of Mexico. Thus, during the transit through the 23 man-made lakes and an estuary, >96% of the pollutant trace metal load is lost to sediments.     

山西五台山区滹沱群变质玄武岩岩石学、地球化学特征及其成因意义

在野外地质调查的基础上,选取滹沱群豆村亚群底部四集庄组玄武岩、顶部青石村组玄武岩和东冶亚群中下部河边村组玄武岩,进行岩石学和地球化学研究。分析结果表明：玄武岩主量元素高TiO2、TFeO,低MgO,具有演化的基性岩浆的特征。稀土元素含量相对较高,具有弱—中等程度的轻稀土元素富集,中等程度的轻重稀土元素分异,轻微的Eu异常;玄武岩中Cr、Ni含量变化较大,但与Mg#具有很好的正相关性。微量元素配分图解中具有明显的Sr负异常,部分样品具有Nb、Ta和Ti负异常,无Zr、Hf负异常,与岛弧火山岩不同;同时Nb、Ta无分异,Zr/Hf值较高,具有板内玄武岩浆的特征。综合分析认为,滹沱群玄武岩可能形成于板内裂谷环境。在岩浆上升过程中发生橄榄石与尖晶石的分离结晶作用,同时不同程度地受到地壳的混染。     

海南长塘岭矿区大坡岩体岩石学、地球化学特征及其含矿性初探

海南大坡岩体位于五指山褶皱带内,主要受昌江—琼海构造带、琼西构造带与潭爷断陷构造带控制.岩石地球化学及岩石学研究表明,大坡岩体形成于海西-印支晚期,岩性单一,主要为中细粒似斑状黑云母二长花岗岩.岩体显示为Ⅰ型花岗岩与S型花岗岩的混合,主体以地壳物质部分熔融为主,形成过程有少量地幔物质加入.元素对的比值及稀土元素配分特征说明岩体钨锡等多金属含矿性可能较差.     

贵州岑巩羊桥罗家塘杷榔动物群的发现及其后生动物早期演化的意义

岑巩县羊桥乡罗家塘杷榔组仅出露中-上部地层,岩性单一,均为青灰、灰绿色粉砂质泥、页岩.在其上部层位发现了俞氏贵州始海百合(Guizhoueocrinus yui Zhao,Parsley et Peng,2007),计有棘皮动物始海百合、腕足动物、软体动物-软舌螺、节肢动物-三叶虫等8属9种,包括了2个未定名的新种和1...