云南白锡腊碱性钛铁质辉长岩类与铁氧化物铜金型矿床关系研究

云南东川白锡腊铁铜矿段深部碱性钛铁质辉长岩类具有明显的岩相学分带,最新发现的铁氧化物铜金型(IOCG)矿体受碱性钛铁质辉长岩类与隐爆角砾岩相带控制.地球化学研究显示本区碱性钛铁质辉长岩-碱性钛铁质闪长岩具有贫硅、富碱、高磷、富钛铁特征,富集大离子亲石元素(LILE)、稀土元素(REE)及高场强元素(HFSE),与洋岛玄武岩(OIB)类特点一致,具有富铁地幔源区特征.锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄揭示它们形成时代为1067 ±20 Ma ～ 1047±15 Ma,揭示了本区碱性钛铁质辉长岩类和铁氧化物铜金型矿床形成时代为中元古代末期,属于格林威尔同造山期形成的产物.推测这种碱性钛铁质辉长岩类的岩浆源区属板内洋岛玄武岩(OIB),地幔流体交代作用导致上涌侵位,这种富铁地幔源区为区域上大规模铁铜金属超量聚集,提供了良好的成矿动力学条件和丰富成矿物质,不但有利于大型-超大型铁氧化物铜金型矿床形成,而且有利于钛铁矿和铜硫化物(铂钯)富集成矿.     

西秦岭天水地区关子镇蛇绿岩锆石LA-ICP-MSU-Pb定年

秦岭造山带商丹缝合带的西延部分在天水地区以出露的关子镇蛇绿岩为标志,该蛇绿岩的形成时代是探讨秦岭造山带构造格局与演化的关键.在室内外综合研究的基础上,从该蛇绿岩的辉长岩中精选锆石,通过锆石的CL显微图像进行锆石形态学研究,结合U、Th含量特征,证明本次用于定年的锆石为岩浆成因.辉长岩中的锆石LA-ICP-MS定年给出U-Pb年龄为471 Ma±1.4Ma(MSWD=1.03,2σ),代表了辉长岩的结晶时代,也限定了关子镇蛇绿岩的形成时代.结合已有的地质、地球化学研究成果,认为秦岭商丹古洋盆存在的时限至少可延续至470Ma.该年龄的确定为深入研究和认识秦岭造山带古生代的构造格局及其演化提供了新的证据.     

四川攀枝花钒钛磁铁矿尖山矿段深部预测

攀枝花辉长岩体岩浆分异为深源和就地分异并存,可分为两个阶段。原始铁钛氧化物熔浆从下往上分异形成超基性岩—富矿体—辉长岩夹低品级矿石—中品贫矿石—表外矿—辉长岩夹表外矿—辉长岩。依据矿床成因、地质构造、地磁异常特征,认为攀枝花矿尖山矿段深部有望发现大矿。     

西准噶尔萨吾尔地区科克托别基性岩体岩石成因:地球化学和锆石U-Pb年代学证据

萨吾尔地区位于西准噶尔东北缘,广泛发育晚古生代中酸性侵入岩和火山岩以及少量基性侵入岩,这些岩浆岩的年代学研究对于限制西准噶尔地区石炭纪构造环境具有重要的意义。本文通过研究萨吾尔地区科克托别岩体的岩相学特征、锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄以及地球化学特征,探讨该岩体构造背景以及成因机制,为进一步论证西准噶尔地区石炭纪构造环境提供佐证。科克托别岩体包括中粗粒辉长岩、细粒辉长岩和闪长岩,在野外露头显示细粒辉长岩以脉状侵入中粗粒辉长岩中,细粒辉长岩中包裹有中粗粒辉长岩包体,中粗粒辉长岩与闪长岩之间呈渐变过渡接触关系,说明科克托别岩体是不同期次岩浆侵位形成的杂岩体,早期岩浆侵入形成中粗粒辉长岩和闪长岩,晚期岩浆上侵就位于中粗粒辉长岩构造裂隙中形成细粒辉长岩。科克托别岩体中细粒辉长岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄为323.2±6.2Ma,表明岩体形成于早石炭世晚期。该岩体成岩年龄晚于该地区蛇绿岩套岩石年龄,也晚于岛弧火山岩年龄以及含斑岩矿床侵入岩年龄,与该地区I型花岗岩年龄相似,而明显早于碰撞后A型花岗岩和双峰式火山岩的形成年龄,说明科克托别岩体可能形成于同碰撞构造环境中。不同岩相的岩石主量元素之间的相关关系以及微量元素配分型式相似性说明它们为同源岩浆结晶分异的产物。岩相学和地球化学特征表明岩体初始岩浆可能为软流圈地幔与上覆交代地幔相互作用形成,板片断离可能为软流圈地幔的上涌起到重要作用。     

云南武定县梅子箐钛铁砂矿富集规律及成因分析

武定梅子箐钛铁砂矿,矿体呈面状分布,产于华力西期浅成侵入的含钛辉绿辉长岩体风化壳残坡积层中,钛铁砂矿体的厚度、品位与辉绿辉长岩体的风化程度有关,其形成的第四系风化壳越厚,钛铁砂矿的厚度越大、品位越高。属含钛辉绿辉长岩经风化,水解作用形成的第四系风化壳残坡积钛铁砂矿床。     

内蒙古西伯地区蛇绿―构造混杂岩带岩石学及地球化学特征

文章对内蒙古西伯地区蛇绿混杂岩带岩石学、岩石地球化学、微量元素、稀土元素、U-Pb同位素年龄测定的综合研究表明:1该混杂岩体以变质橄榄岩、橄榄辉长岩、细粒辉长岩为主;2变质橄榄岩具有低铬、钛、贫钙和高镁的特点,辉长岩类具有富铝、钛含量中等的特点;3微量元素富、稀土元素含相容元素Cr、Ni、Co,而贫大离子亲石元素LILE(不相容元素)K、Rb、Sr、Ba、Zr、Y、P、Ti等;4本区超基性岩的形成时代大约在早泥盆世早期。     

东天山似斑状角闪辉长岩类与铁钛氧化物矿床的关系

似斑状角闪辉长岩类是东天山镁铁-超镁铁杂岩的一部分,以含有嵌晶角闪石为特征,其中部分岩体的似斑状角闪辉长岩赋存铁钛氧化物矿床。为探讨东天山似斑状角闪辉长岩类和铁钛氧化物矿床形成的内在成因关系,本次研究对二红洼、牛毛泉和香山西似斑状角闪辉长岩类的斜长石、单斜辉石、斜方辉石以及嵌晶角闪石进行了系统的电子探针成分分析,并对其形成物理化学条件进行了探讨。结果表明,东天山似斑状角闪辉长岩类的母岩浆氧逸度变化范围为NNO-0.37~NNO+1.15,和攀西地区最大的红格岩体的氧逸度一致,侵入于中下地壳,深度介于8.9~15.7km,结晶温度大于914℃。东天山似斑状角闪辉长岩中铁钛氧化物矿床的富集得益于母岩浆的高氧逸度,但铁钛氧化物矿床的形成和规模则受控于各个岩体的岩浆演化程度。二红洼、牛毛泉和香山西的岩浆的演化程度系统增高,演化程度最低的二红洼岩体并未形成铁钛氧化物矿床,而分异演化程度逐渐增高的牛毛泉和香山西似斑状角闪辉长岩类则分别形成了本区一个小型的和一个大型的铁钛氧化物矿床。     

新疆北天山拜辛德-吉吾恰依一带蛇绿岩地球化学特征研究

为探讨北天山拜辛德-吉吾恰依一带蛇绿岩的形成环境,对该带内辉长岩进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年。结果表明,辉长岩的形成年龄为336.2±2.3 Ma,说明辉长岩形成于早石炭世。岩石地球化学研究表明,辉长岩具有球粒陨石10倍左右的REE含量,具有平坦型分布的球粒陨石标准化配分曲线,与MORB型较为相似;玄武岩分别具有MORB型和OIB型岩石地球化学性质,表明该地区早石炭世基底单元火山岩系形成于大陆裂谷环境,源区为与OIB源区类似的地幔软流圈源。综上可认为该地区蛇绿岩可能形成于强烈大陆拉伸作用导致的大陆裂谷向大洋裂谷转变的动力学环境中,进而初步判断该区蛇绿岩为"红海型"。     

大别山北淮阳构造带柳林辉长岩:新元古代晚期裂解事件的记录

大别山北坡北淮阳构造带的柳林-定远-王母观一线, 断续分布着带状产出的辉长岩体, 构成一条NWW向的基性岩带, 以往被认为是形成于海西期的造山后伸展环境.对该带西缘鸡公山北坡柳林辉长岩进行了锆石SHRIMPU-Pb定年和辉石、斜长石的矿物化学研究.辉长岩中的岩浆锆石SHRIMPU-Pb年龄为(611±13) Ma, 代表岩体结晶时代, 这一年龄远远老于其围岩上奥陶统定远组的时代.岩体主要矿物辉石属普通辉石, Na₂O、FeO和MnO较高, 长石属中长石, 低CaO, 这些特征明显区别于岛弧或活动大陆边缘环境中的同类矿物, 而与板内伸展环境中形成的辉长岩的矿物特征相似.研究表明, 大别山北部新元古代晚期(610Ma左右) 发育了一次陆内裂解事件.      

北祁连山石居里辉长岩的同位素年龄及其地质意义

首次利用锆石U-Pb方法测得北祁连山西段石居里辉长岩的生成年龄为(457.9±1.2)Ma.在空间上,石居里辉长岩与石居里铜矿紧密相关,石居里辉长岩位于石居里铜矿的下部;在时间上,虽然目前尚无石居里铜矿的成矿时代年龄,但研究认为与石居里辉长岩同属加里东期,而且成岩时代早于成矿时代,因此推测石居里辉长岩为可能为石居里铜矿提供了热源.由于该区有较多的中酸性岩体存在,该成岩时代的确定对于在该区寻找塞浦路斯型块状硫化物矿床有重要的理论和实际意义.     

Superferric eclogites of the Voltri Group (Pennidic Belt,Apennines)

Eologites interlayered with serpentinites of the Voltri Group show a distinctive chemical composition, high in total iron and titania, and low in magnesia, silica and certain trace elements. Petrographic evidence indicates that they were formed by high-pressure metamorphism of coarse-grained gabbros, as well as from fine-grained gabbros or diabases. Their composition does not compare well with that of other eclogites, either those included in ultramafic rocks or those occurring in blueschist facies terrains. However it matches relatively well with that of certain gabbros from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge which are strongly fractionated with iron and titanium enrichment. The hypothesis that the Voltri Group maficultramafic association formed as a part of an oceanic ridge receives support.     

白云鄂博辉长岩的稀土含量

本区辉长岩沿宽沟背斜南翼分布,多被海西期花岗岩切割或包裹。在主矿以南和东部接触带都有分布。本次研究中,选择了三种不同类型的辉长岩作了稀土总含量和单一稀土元素含量的分析。第一种是主矿南部铁路附近距花岗岩最近的矿物颗粒较细的边缘相辉长岩(B₂);第二种是距花岗岩较远的属于中心相的辉长岩(B₁);第三种是东部接触带炸药库附近斜长石含量增多的较粗粒辉长岩。     

Geochemistry of basic dikes in the Lanzo massif (Western Alps): Petrogenetic and geodynamic implications

The Alpine peridotite massif of Lanzo (Italy) contains three generations of basic dikes (gabbros and basalts). The older gabbros are plagioclase-rich mantle segregates while the younger gabbro dikes are cumulates very similar in chemical composition to recent oceanic gabbros and gabbros from ophiolitic complexes. They both were derived from the N-type mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB) magmas which were progressively more depleted in incompatible elements and were probably generated during a dynamic melting of a rising mantle diapir. The basaltic dikes are the N-type MORB and closely resemble the Alpine-Apennine ophiolitic basalts. They were derived from a different upper mantle source than the parental magmas of the gabbros. The source of the basalts was less depleted in light REE. The presence of basic magmas with N-type MORB affinities in the Lanzo massif is consistent with the close genetic relationship between the Alpine peridotite body and the ophiolites of the Liguro-Piemontese basin.     

Geostatistical investigations of gabbro occurrences near Savantvadi, Ratnagiri district, India

This paper embodies petrographical and statistical investigations of three gabbro occurrences. The Mangaon and Kunkeri gabbros are similar in petrography and petrochemistry, whereas they are completely different from the Vajrat gabbro. Application of recently developed statistical tests help in classifying these gabbros by using three oxides, CaO, FeO, and K₂O.This study shows that the evolution of the Mangaon and Kunkeri gabbros probably proceeded along different lines as compared to the Vajrat gabbro.     

The gabbro–eclogite transformation: an oxygen isotope and petrographic study of west Alpine ophiolites

Both magmatic and eclogitic parageneses are preserved in the gabbros of western Alpine ophiolites. Samples with relic magmatic mineralogies display partial transformation to eclogitic assemblages along cracks and grain boundaries. Gabbros with eclogitic mineralogies contain zoned pseudomorphs after olivine, comprising talc-rich cores with kyanite, Mg-chloritoid and omphacite in outer cores and garnet rims. The compositional zonation of these olivine pseudomorphs closely parallels that shown by olivines in hydrothermally altered ocean-floor gabbros. The eclogitic gabbros are hydrous, containing paragonite, zoisite and other water-bearing minerals, and it has been suggested that water was introduced during high-pressure metamorphism. However, the similarity of olivine alteration patterns to those of ocean-floor gabbros suggests that hydration and local metasomatism leading to the stability of aluminous minerals in olivine sites occurred during hydrothermal alteration prior to subduction. Oxygen-isotope systematics are consistent with this proposal: Alpine gabbros with magmatic relics have a mean δ¹⁸O value of 5.7±0.7, similar to that of unaltered oceanic crust, whereas eclogitic gabbros have a mean δ¹⁸O value of 4.8±0.9.This statistically significant difference is consistent with the eclogitic samples having undergone high-temperature ocean-floor alteration. The preservation of magmatic and hydrothermal δ¹⁸O values in ocean-floor gabbros that have been metamorphosed at 2–2.5 GPa (60–75 km) implies that the deeper levels of ocean crust have not experienced pervasive fluid flow during subduction or subsequent exhumation. Magmatic assemblages were preserved despite an overstep of eclogitization reactions by at least 0.6–1.1 GPa implying that equilibrium was not attained in undeformed parts of the system because of slow diffusion in water-deficient rock volumes.     

The origin of the Cretaceous gabbros in the Fujian coastal region of SE China: implications for deformation-accompanied magmatism

The Cretaceous gabbros in the Fujian coastal region, southeastern China, experienced different magmatic and tectonic processes associated with deformation of the Changle-Nanao shear zone. Group 1 gabbros (115 Ma) show marked LILE (e.g., Sr, Ba and K) and LREE enrichment, and HFSE (e.g., Ta, Nb, Zr and Hf) depletion, strongly suggesting an island-arc affinity. The parental magma of group 1 gabbros, arguably derived from an arc-related source mantle modified by previous subduction, rose into and interacted with the coexisting syntectonic granitic magma generated during the main stage of shear zone deformation, and produced the gabbro-diorite-granite complexes. Group 2 and 3 gabbros (106-95 Ma) possibly formed by coupling of the subduction-modified source mantle with part of undepleted mantle (e.g., Nb enrichment) in an extensional environment at the end of deformation. Their parental magmas did not undergo significant magma mixing but produced a cumulate nature. All the three groups of gabbros were contaminated by crustal material during the processes of intrusion and emplacement.     

Metasomatic Stages and Scapolitization Effects on Chemical Composition of Pasveh Pluton,NW Iran

Pasveh gabbros are mafic component of a plutonic complex in the northwest Sanandaj-Sirjan Zone.These cumulative rocks are composed of plagioclase and calcic clinopyroxene(Cpx) ,which yield unusually high CaO(>19 wt.%) in whole-rock chemistry.Petrographical and geochemical data suggest that Pasveh gabbros can be divided into two groups:free scapolite and scapolite-bearing gabbros.The second group has higher Na2O,K2O,and P2O5 relative to free scapolite ones and is enriched in LIL(large ion lithophile) and HFS...     

Magnetic rock properties of the gabbros from the ODP Drill Hole 1105 A of the Atlantis Bank, Southwest Indian Ridge

Laboratory studies of 30 samples from 158 m long drill core of the Hole 1105 A (ODP Leg 179) of the Atlantis Bank, Southwest Indian Ridge have revealed magnetic properties of the gabbros, olivine gabbros, oxide gabbros and olivine oxide gabbros down the core. Comparison of modal proportions of the oxides, grain sizes and magnetization parameters of the rocks has confirmed that most coarse-grained oxide mineral bearing rocks record low Koenigsberger ratio (2 to 5) and median destructive fields (5 to 7 mT). Average natural remanent magnetization (J_nrm) and stable remanent magnetization (J_st) of the core samples are 5.8 A/m and 1.9 A/m, respectively. Their mean stable magnetic inclination is 66‡ ± 4‡, about 14‡ steeper than the expected dipole inclination of the area similar to the one reported at Hole 735 B. The excess inclination perhaps marks a tectonic block rotation of the reversely magnetized rocks of the bank. We interpret that gabbros and serpentinites devoid of basaltic carapace significantly contribute to seafloor spreading anomalies of the bank.     

Geochemical Characteristics of the Gabbros from the Xinlin Ophiolite in the Great Xing'an Range,NE China

The Xinlin ophiolite in NE China is generally considered to mark the suture between the Erguna and Xing'an blocks. Compared with the Maihantewula ophiolite and Jifeng‐Gaxian ophiolite in the southern and central parts of the Xinlin–Xiguitu suture zone, the Xinlin ophiolite in the northern part of the suture has not been as thoroughly investigated. Many studies acknowledge the indicators of the Xinlin ophiolite as a suture, but detailed studies of this unit are scarce. In the present work, we provide the geochemical data to constrain the origin of the gabbros in Xinlin ophiolites. The gabbros from the Xinlin ophiolites are texturally heterogeneous, ranging from fine‐grained aplitic to coarse‐grained pegmatitic. The fine‐grained gabbros have flat to slightly enriched LREE patterns, which are geochemically comparable to transitional (T‐MORB) and enriched mid‐ocean ridge basalt (E‐MORB). The pegmatite gabbros exhibit slightly LREE‐depleted patterns, similar to typical N‐MORB that derived from a depleted mantle source. Generally, gabbros from the Xinlin ophiolites are MORB‐like, but also have some arc characteristics such as high Th and low Ta concentrations. Such features is typical in Supra‐subduction zone (SSZ) type ophiolites. Our data, combined with other regional results, suggest that the geochemical signatures of the Xinlin gabbros that vary between arc‐like and MORB‐like were possibly indicative of their derivation from a subduction‐modified depleted mantle.     

洋中脊富钛铁氧化物辉长岩成因的一个新思路:以西南印度洋脊ODP 735B岩心为例

西南印度洋脊的ODP 735B岩心中拥有大量富含钛铁氧化物的含氧化物辉长岩,此现象在岩性单元Ⅳ中表现尤为显著。同时,岩性单元Ⅳ中主要硅酸盐矿物亦具有独特的成分变化趋势。以前研究将造成岩性单元Ⅳ中氧化物辉长岩成因和主要造岩矿物成分变化趋势归因于具浮力的、高度分异的富钛铁熔体的作用,这些熔体应形成于735B钻孔之下或其附近,沿剪切带运移至剖面中,并与原岩矿物发生反应。通过对岩性单元Ⅳ氧化物辉长岩进行岩相学特征分析和结构可控的电子探针矿物成分测试,发现当某些因外来物质加入改造而成分进化的硅酸盐矿物形成之时,液相体系中钛铁氧化物并未处于饱和状态。此外,在单斜辉石结晶过程中,单斜辉石内部成分具有从普通辉石—易变辉石—普通辉石的变化,而且,在与某些后期生成的矿物(如钛铁氧化物或斜方辉石等)接触处,单斜辉石则表现出明显进化组成特征。根据岩相学特征和矿物电子探针数据,并结合对前人提出的富钛铁熔体的物理性质的讨论,本文认为在岩性单元Ⅳ形成过程中,更有可能是源自地幔的外来含水流体/含水流体与熔浆的混合体,而非仅仅是极度分异的玄武质残余熔体,参与了岩性单元Ⅳ中氧化物辉长岩的形成。从理论上讲,这些外来含水流体可能与玄武质熔体并非来自同一源区,这意味着其运移方式可能不仅有垂向运移,而且有可能为远距离侧向运移。岩性单元Ⅳ中的氧化物辉长岩可能具有相当独特的同位素特征,这可能会成为判别岩性单元Ⅳ乃至是整个735B岩心中氧化物辉长岩成因的重要线索。