含煤地层中一种树根结构体的成因及意义

根据岩石块体的结构特征研究和测试分析,剖析了含煤地层中发育的一种锥形岩石——树根结构体的成因。它是地质历史中,树木伞状根系所维系的土体,在树木的自重荷载和主干根系生长的相互挤压作用下与外围土体的差异压实造成的;换言之,它又是一种在生物作用影响下形成的沉积结构体或沉积构造。与其它沉积构造相比,树根结构体具有更好的岩层示序意义。含煤地层内树根结构体的发育,标志着聚煤时期沼泽内复杂的沉积环境、地貌形态以及微地貌短期多变的现象。     

黄陇侏罗纪煤田控煤构造研究

陕西省黄陇侏罗纪煤田位于鄂尔多斯凹陷盆地南缘,煤田中东部地区北东-东西向褶皱发育,西部地区北西向断裂发育。受三叠系古地形影响,富县组起到填平补齐的作用;煤田内发育的褶皱不同程度控制了成煤期延安组的沉积和赋存状况,背斜古隆起处延安组沉积薄,含煤性差,向斜古洼地处延安组沉积厚,含煤性好;成煤后在区域构造背景下,盆地一度抬升,煤田东、南部含煤地层遭受剥蚀,西部发育的后期断裂构造破坏了煤层连续性。综合分析认为,煤田主要受成煤期同沉积构造控制,依据煤层赋存规律与控煤构造的关系,预测在永陇矿区陇县东部-千阳北部、陇县南-千阳一带为找煤有利区。     

河南泌阳凹陷含碱段的浅水蒸发环境

本文通过对泌阳凹陷含碱段岩心的研究,描述了含碱段地层的细-粉砂岩、油页岩、白云岩和重碳钠盐岩四种岩石类型,详细描述了发育在含碱地层中的波状层理、冲刷构造、层面波痕和干裂等沉积构造以及白云岩的内碎屑结构。对这些岩石类型、沉积构造、沉积韵律和岩相分布进行了分析,得出了与前人不同的结论:核二段底部含碱段沉积时是蒸发的浅水环境,碱矿层是在极浅水的盆地中心湖区--干盐湖环境中沉积的。     

吉辽地区新元古代臼齿碳酸盐岩岩相的若干岩石学特征研究

通过研究吉辽地区新元古代地层中一种特殊的沉积构造——臼齿(简称MT)构造，揭示了它的时空分布范围、分类和含该沉积构造岩石的宏观和微观特征，并对该种构造的形成环境进行了简要讨论。吉林辽宁地区的臼齿构造主要发育在新元古代地层中，按其成因可分为原地和异地两类。其中原地MT主要分布在泥晶灰岩、粉屑泥晶灰岩、泥灰岩或泥岩中，按其形态可分为丝状，条带状和瘤状3个亚类，13种微相类型。异地MT主要发育在砂屑灰岩、钙质粉砂岩或粉砂质泥岩中。臼齿碳酸盐岩的岩石学特征指示其形成并发育于稳定克拉通浅海潮下环境，特别是中-深缓坡     

西昆仑麻扎构造混杂岩带侏罗系的再厘定

在新疆叶城县的西昆仑麻扎构造混杂岩带内,发育一套含煤砂砾岩地层,原陕西省地质调查院在1∶25万区域地质调查中,将其划分为3个地层填图单元,即三叠系(T,未分)、三叠系赛力亚克达坂群(TS)和早—中侏罗世叶尔羌群(J1-2Y)。这些碎屑岩主体是造山作用形成的山间磨拉石沉积,但各地层单元之间多为断层接触,顶底不全,岩石地层之间的新老关系和形成时代也不清楚。通过对该套碎屑岩的详细剖面测制和分析,依据其岩石组合特征、生物地层特征对比,将该套含煤砂砾岩重新厘定为早—中侏罗世叶尔羌群(J1-2Y),并自下而上再划分为:莎里塔什组(J1s^)、杨叶组(J2y)、塔尔尕组(J2t)。它们主要是一套河湖相沉积的地层,是对西昆仑构造混杂岩带在早—中侏罗世隆起造山的沉积响应。     

吐哈盆地大南湖煤田西山窑组中段沉积环境与聚煤规律

吐哈盆地南缘大南湖煤田具有丰富的煤炭资源,但以往对沉积环境及聚煤规律的认识不够完善,制约了煤层的综合开采。本研究基于钻孔与剖面露头资料对大南湖煤田含煤岩系沉积特征、岩相古地理及聚煤规律进行分析。大南湖煤田主要含煤地层为西山窑组中段,包括砾岩、砂岩、粉砂岩、泥岩和煤5种岩石类型,可划分出15种岩相类型。大南湖煤田在中侏罗世早期从东北至西南方向依次发育冲积扇、河流冲积平原、河流三角洲和浅湖沉积,聚煤作用受构造沉降和物源供给的共同控制,在三角洲间湾和泛滥平原环境中最为发育。     

南方第三纪煤田展布规律初论

本文搜集和整理了我国南方地区的第三纪煤田地质资料,利用沿几条主要断裂线的河流作地貌及含煤地层的联合投影,结合聚煤过程前和聚煤过程中的构造、沉积——古地理和植物状况对煤田展布的规律性作了探讨。认为:(1)我国南方第三纪煤田集中分布于三江褶断带及扬子断块西南部位,含煤地层由老到新沿古断裂渐次发育的侵蚀面不断向北西方向扩展;(2)在区域范围内,时代相同的含煤地层都有水平分布高度的近似性,由两广向藏北含煤地层为奠基于燕山运动前的山地侵蚀—→沉积模式,藏南则属喜山运动影响急剧地区,其沉积模式显然不同;(3)通过植物孢粉组合特征与现今植被对比,论述了藏北——云南高原面上新世含煤地层的沉积高度,藏北高原面在上新世以后有较大幅度的抬升,云南高原面则处于相对稳定状态;(4)论述了山间带内构造、侵蚀作用与聚煤作用之间的相互关系,指出了不同地区的不同构造运动对含煤沉积的影响;(5)指出了岩溶发育区与含煤地层展布规律。     

黑龙江柳树盆地沉积环境及聚煤规律

柳树盆地是与敦密断裂构造活动密切相关的含煤盆地,主要发育白垩系穆棱组含煤地层。利用实测剖面、钻孔岩心及测井曲线资料,对该盆地含煤地层沉积环境、层序地层及聚煤特征进行研究,在研究区识别出5种岩相、11种岩相类型,识别出5种沉积体系、11种沉积相和多种沉积类型。黑龙江东部地区早白垩世共识别出六个层序界面,五个三级层序。柳树盆地主要发育层序S4和层序S5。主要的成煤环境为三角洲平原淤积沼泽,主要发育在湖浸体系域时期。      

木里煤田聚乎更矿区含煤地层对比与划分

通过对木里煤田区域构造演化特征、含煤盆地发展模式、含煤地层沉积体系的分析,初步总结了木里煤田聚乎更矿区的煤层沉积规律。本区主要含煤地层为中侏罗统江仓组下段(J2j1)和中侏罗统木里组上段(J2m2),其中,中侏罗统木里组上段(J2m2)最发育,是聚乎更矿区的主要含煤地层。从晚三叠世到早白垩世,整个煤田经历了印支期、燕山期多期性的构造运动,对含煤盆地的形成和发展起着控制作用。含煤地层形成过程中总的沉积环境或地貌景观为山间盆地型的开放式泄水湖泊环境类型。通过对木里煤田聚乎更矿区各井田含煤地层的分析研究,提出了木里煤田聚乎更矿区各含煤地层划分及各矿区煤层对比关系的统一方案,从而基本解决了木里煤田以往在含煤地层划分与对比中所存在的对比不清、划分不明的现象,为该区煤层对比打下了良好的基础。     

贵州省黔北煤田含煤地层特征分析

黔北煤田是贵州省主要产煤区之一,大地构造位置处于扬子陆块南部被动边缘褶冲带上的毕节弧形构造区、织金宽缓褶皱区和凤冈南北向褶断区,主要含煤地层为上二叠统龙潭组和长兴组。含煤层数多、厚度大,含煤性由南西至北东逐渐变差。玄武岩的间歇性喷溢对含煤地层的沉积基底填平补齐,提供了良好的聚煤环境;海平面频繁升降引起海水反复性进退,促进了多煤层发育。晚二叠世海陆过渡相沉积受河流与海洋双重作用,由西向东发育三角洲平原、潟湖—潮坪、碳酸盐台地相沉积,前两者沉积类型煤层发育相对较好。聚煤作用整体以由东向西的超覆式海进成煤为主,海退型成煤次之。富煤带的纵横迁移,受控于海水进退下的古地理环境的时空变化。     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an     

PROSPECTING EXPLORATION

正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of     

OCEANOGRAPHY & MARINE GEOLOGY

正20140582 Fang Xisheng(Key Lab.of Marine Sedimentology and Environmental Geology,First Institute of Oceanography,State Oceanic Administration,Qingdao 266061,China);Shi Xuefa Mineralogy of Surface Sediment in the Eastern Area off the Ryukyu Islands and Its Geological Significance(Marine Geology Quaternary Geology,ISSN0256-1492,CN37     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141810 Bian Yumei(Geological Environmental Monitoring Center of Liaoning Province,Shenyang 110032,China);Zhang Jing Zoning Haicheng,Liaoning Province,by GeoHazard Risk and Geo-Hazard Assessment(Journal of Geological Hazards and Environment Preservation,ISSN1006-4362,CN51-1467/P,24(3),2013,p.5-9,2 illus.,tables,refs.)