西藏东南部察隅地区德玛拉岩群的同位素年代学研究及其意义

青藏高原冈底斯地块东南部的德玛拉岩群为一套角闪岩相变质岩系,一直被认为是前寒武纪变质基底,但并没有可靠的年代学证据。论文对采自其中的黑云角闪片岩和黑云母石英片岩进行了锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年和黑云母³⁹Ar-⁴⁰Ar定年,测试表明,黑云角闪片岩原岩锆石U-Pb年龄为217.1Ma,由黑云母³⁹Ar-⁴⁰Ar获得的变质年龄为22.3Ma,黑云母石英片岩中碎屑锆石主要为岩浆成因,年龄范围主要集中在520~600Ma和900~1100Ma,黑云母³⁹Ar-⁴⁰Ar变质年龄为16.3Ma和22.3Ma。上述结果虽不能完全否定西藏东南部察隅地区前寒武纪基底变质岩系的存在,但至少说明现今的德玛拉岩群中还包含有遭受中生代岩浆侵入的古生代沉积岩,它们在新生代经历了变质和岩浆作用的再造,是一套变质杂岩。     

西藏加多捕勒铁铜矿床晚白垩世岩浆活动成因

加多捕勒铁铜矿床位于冈底斯Pb-Zn-Ag-Cu-Fe成矿带西段。矿区出露的复式岩体由黑云二长花岗岩(50.9±1.8Ma)和石英二长闪长岩组成。本文以石英二长闪长岩为研究对象,分析了岩体地球化学特征、SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄以及原位锆石Hf同位素与稀土元素。分析结果显示石英二长闪长岩具岛弧岩浆活动特征,锆石U-Pb年龄84.3±1.4Ma,为晚白垩世岩浆活动产物,锆石Hf同位素与稀土元素指示岩浆源区具壳幔混源特征,且以古老地壳物质的部分熔融为主。综合分析已有研究成果及本文数据,笔者认为矿区晚白垩世岩浆活动可能与低缓角度俯冲的新特提斯洋壳有关。     

江西九岭杂岩体中黑云母花岗闪长岩年龄及对扬子和华夏板块碰撞拼合时间限定

为探讨赣北地区九岭岩体的岩浆成因和构造属性,本文选取作为九岭岩基重要组成部分的大湖塘黑云母花岗闪长岩进行了年代学、地球化学及锆石Lu-Hf同位素研究。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果表明黑云母花岗闪长岩形成于（835.6±1.5）Ma,属于钾-高钾钙碱性过铝质花岗岩系列,具有典型的S型花岗岩的特点,其形成与中元古界双桥山群的熔融密切相关。锆石ε_Hf（t）主要为正值（2.8~8.2）,表明形成花岗岩的岩浆来源于元古宙地壳物质的再循环。大湖塘黑云母花岗闪长岩形成的构造环境背景很可能是同碰撞向后碰撞转换的阶段,结合前人研究,我们认为扬子板块和华夏板块碰撞拼合的时间上限应为835 Ma左右。     

辽东半岛早白垩世黑云母二长闪长岩锆石U-Pb年龄、Hf同位素特征及地质意义

为探讨辽东半岛中生代闪长岩类岩石成因及其形成构造背景，选取辽东半岛岫岩西南部黄岭岩体为研究对象，开展岩相学、锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学、Hf同位素地球化学和岩石地球化学研究.结果表明:黄岭岩体由黑云母二长闪长岩组成；锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄为127.4±1.9 Ma，成岩为早白垩世；岩石地球化学元素特征表明，黄岭黑云母二长闪长岩具高钾钙碱性，轻稀土元素富集，重稀土亏损，富集Rb、Zr、K等大离子亲石元素，亏损Nb、P、Ti等高场强元素，正Eu异常；ε_Hf（t）值为－20.1~－18.0，二阶段Hf模式年龄T_DM2为2 316~2 450 Ma，揭示二长闪长岩可能是古元古代古老地壳部分熔融形成.结合区域构造演化推测黄岭岩体形成于古太平洋板块向欧亚板块俯冲挤压后折返伸展的构造背景.      

云南大坪金矿床赋矿闪长岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年及其地质意义

云南大坪金矿床是哀牢山金矿带中最重要的金矿之一,主要赋存在受到强烈剪切和水-岩反应的闪长岩中,是典型的喜马拉雅期造山型金矿。本文对大坪金矿床赋矿闪长岩中锆石进行了SHRIMP U-Pb定年,得出闪长岩围岩的年龄为773±12Ma,为晚元古代,显示该岩体为华南地区晋宁-澄江期大规模基性到酸性岩浆活动的产物,是Rodinia 超大陆形成、裂解后冈瓦纳大陆形成过程的响应,而不是前人普遍认为的加里东期岩体。该岩体侵入年龄与大坪金矿脉石英流体包裹体⁴⁰Ar-³⁹Ar 年龄测定给出的高温坪年龄(765.5±7.0Ma)基本一致,显示大坪金矿床具有多期成矿的特征,其主体形成于喜马拉雅期碰撞造山运动,但早在晋宁造山运动中就有金的初步富集。在闪长岩中还发现了年龄为33.7±1.1Ma的锆石,其时代与大坪金矿床含金石英脉中热液绢云母的⁴⁰Ar-³⁹Ar定年结果(33.76Ma)基本一致,显示它们很可能为该区强烈的韧性剪切和局部岩浆部分熔融作用的产物。     

西藏班公湖-怒江缝合带西段中特提斯洋盆的双向俯冲:来自岛弧型花岗岩锆石U-Pb年龄和元素地球化学的证据

笔者调查发现西藏班公湖-怒江缝合带西段狮泉河-改则-洞错蛇绿岩带北侧和拉果错蛇绿岩带南侧都有岛弧型花岗岩岩基产出。这些岩体岩性上以中粒花岗闪长岩为主,岩石化学上明显富集大离子不相容元素(LILE) Rb、Th、U、K、Pb,亏损高场强元素(HFSE)Nb、Ta、Ti,具有岛弧型岩浆岩的本质特征,指示着班公湖中特提斯洋盆存在双向俯冲。锆石U-Pb LAICPMS定年结果显示岩体在不同构造位置年龄并不一致,位于狮泉河-改则-洞错蛇绿岩带北侧的嘎拉勒和改则北两个岩体锆石²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U加权平均年龄分别为155.6±1.1Ma(MSWD=1.7)和142.15±0.35Ma(MSWD=2.9),位于拉果错蛇绿岩带南侧的扎布耶北岩体的锆石²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U加权平均年龄为134.07±0.77Ma(MSWD=1.8),表明班公湖中特提斯洋盆向北俯冲发生在晚侏罗世,而向南的俯冲发生在早白垩世,两者相差约8Ma。岛弧花岗岩浆都是由地幔楔部分熔融而成,岩浆源区经历过来自俯冲板片的沉积物熔体的交代。不同岩体的源区沉积物熔体的交代比例不同:扎布耶北岩体最多,大体在12%~16%之间;嘎拉勒岩体次之,在9%~13%之间;改则北岩体最少,为5%~10%。     

南秦岭太白河地区石英二长闪长岩锆石U-Pb同位素年代学、地球化学及其地质意义

为查明南秦岭太白河地区中性岩体的形成时代、岩石成因、源区性质和构造背景,本研究选取该地区石英二长闪长岩进行了锆石U-Pb同位素年代学和全岩元素组成研究。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素年龄测试结果显示,²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U加权平均年龄为(216.8±2.2) Ma(MSWD=1.15,n=20),指示石英二长闪长岩形成时代为晚三叠世。岩石元素地球化学结果表现出K、Rb等大离子亲石元素和Zr、Hf等高场强元素相对富集,Nb、Ta、P、Ti相对亏损,呈现轻稀土元素强烈富集的右倾型稀土配分模式,具轻微的负Eu异常,为准铝质高钾钙碱性系列岩石。岩浆物质来源具有壳幔混合的特点。基于区域地质构造演化特征,认为太白河地区石英二长闪长岩可能形成于碰撞-后碰撞阶段,属与邻近的西坝岩体同源岩浆活动的产物。结合区域岩浆作用、构造活动与成矿作用的研究认识,以及本文对有关年龄的修正与总结,认为区内凤太矿集区成矿作用时代为晚三叠世。     

藏东玉龙超大型斑岩铜矿床成岩成矿系统时间跨度分析

藏东玉龙超大型斑岩铜矿床是目前西藏发现的最大斑岩铜矿床,含铜岩体主要由早期石英二长斑岩及晚期正长花岗斑岩组成。本文用LA-ICP-MS法测定早期石英二长斑岩及晚期正长花岗斑岩锆石U-Pb年龄及Ar-Ar法测定钾质蚀变带黑云母的Ar-Ar年龄,发现玉龙含矿斑岩体早期石英二长斑岩锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄(41.3±0.3Ma, MSWD=0.92)与晚期正长花岗斑岩锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄(41.3±0.2Ma, MSWD=1.24)基本相同,也和黑云母Ar-Ar坪年龄(41.7±0.8Ma)及等时线年龄(41.3±0.8Ma)在误差范围内一致。玉龙斑岩铜矿早期及晚期岩体锆石U-Pb年龄一致表明含矿岩体在地质上的早期及晚期主要是岩浆在较短时间内脉动侵入所致。玉龙含矿岩体锆石U-Pb年龄(封闭温度约800℃)、³⁹Ar-⁴⁰Ar 年龄(封闭温度约300℃)及前人获得的Re-Os年龄40.1±1.8Ma(封闭温度约500℃)在误差范围内基本一致,表明含矿岩体岩体快速冷却,玉龙超大型斑岩铜矿床成岩成矿系统时间跨度小于1Ma。     

皖南旌德花岗闪长岩与暗色包体的成因: 地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学与Hf同位素制约

旌德复式岩体位于安徽南部,主体相花岗闪长岩中发育暗色包体。本文对花岗闪长岩与暗色包体进行了岩相学观察、全岩主微量元素分析、锆石U-Pb定年与Hf同位素测试。岩相学观察发现暗色包体为典型岩浆岩结构,且发育针状磷灰石。主量元素分析数据表明花岗闪长岩的SiO₂含量为66.04%~67.80%;暗色包体的SiO₂含量为54.63%~54.77%,为二长闪长岩。花岗闪长岩的Mg^#=38~40;暗色包体的Mg^#=44~45。微量元素分析数据表明花岗闪长岩与暗色包体的REE球粒陨石标准化图呈右倾型,Eu负异常;大离子亲石元素富集,高场强元素亏损。锆石U-Pb年代学与Hf同位素研究表明,花岗闪长岩与暗色包体的年龄分别为139.7±1.3Ma和142.3±1.7Ma,在误差范围内一致。花岗闪长岩锆石的ε_Hf(t)为-2.5~0.4,地壳模式年龄(t_DM^C)为1170~1350Ma;暗色包体锆石的ε_Hf(t)为-5.2~1.8,地壳模式年龄(t_DM^C)为1090~1530Ma。两者的t_DM^C峰值都在1.2~1.3Ga。这些数据表明花岗闪长岩中的暗色包体为同源岩浆混合成因,源区为年轻地壳,有可能为中新元古代古华南洋壳俯冲扬子板块形成的火山岛弧。旌德花岗闪长岩在Pearce et al.(1984)的构造判别图上落在岛弧花岗岩区。在Sr/Y-Y图解上落在经典岛弧岩浆岩区。花岗闪长岩的岩浆Zr饱和温度低(630~680℃),与锆石钛温度计(630~720℃)给出的结果基本一致。锆石的Ce(Ⅳ)/Ce(Ⅲ)高(240~530),指示岩浆具有高的氧逸度。旌德岩体的低温与高氧逸度特征说明岩体的源区物质受到过洋壳俯冲的影响。旌德岩体的成因可能与太平洋板块后撤诱发的地壳部分熔融有关。     

再论塔里木北缘阿克苏蓝片岩的时代和成因环境:来自锆石U-Pb年龄、Hf同位素的新证据

阿克苏蓝片岩和基性岩墙形成时代和构造背景对认识塔里木地块前寒武纪构造演化以及新元古代超大陆重建具有重要意义.本文通过对含蓝片岩的阿克苏群中变质碎屑岩和侵入阿克苏群的基性岩墙的锆石U-Pb定年及Hf同位素分析表明,(长石)石英片岩中碎屑锆石出现2个明显的统计峰值,较老一组锆石²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb的表面年龄集中在~1.9Ga,并有少量太古代的年龄信息;另一组较年轻锆石²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U表面年龄峰值为~820Ma,代表阿克苏群的最大沉积年龄.侵入阿克苏群的基性岩墙锆石U-Pb年龄为~760Ma.阿克苏蓝片岩相变质的时间被严格限定在820~760Ma区间内.碎屑锆石Hf同位素地壳模式年龄峰值出现在2.2~2.3Ga,2.6Ga和3.2~3.3Ga.综合本次工作及前人研究成果,表明阿克苏蓝片岩地体是塔里木早前寒武纪基底之上发育起来的大陆边缘岩浆弧.     

Amphibole Ar/Ar Geochronology from the Okcheon Metamorphic Belt, South Korea and its Tectonic Implications

An understanding of the Okcheon Metamorphic Belt (OMB) in South Korea is central to unraveling the tectono-metamorphic evolution of East Asia. Amphibole-bearing rocks in the OMB occur as calcsilicate layers and lenses in psammitic rocks, in the psammitic rocks themselves, and in the mafic volcanic layers and intrusives. Most amphiboles fail to show ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar plateau ages; those that do have ages ranging from 132 to 975 Ma. The disturbed age pattern and wide variation in ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar ages can be related to metamorphic grade, retrograde chemical reactions, excess Ar and amphibole composition. The oldest age (975 Ma) can be interpreted either as an old igneous or metamorphic age predating sedimentation or a false age caused by excess Ar. The youngest age of 132 Ma and the disturbed age pattern found in amphiboles from rocks located close to Jurassic granitoids are the result of retrograde thermal metamorphic effects accompanying intrusion of the granitoids. Some medium- or coarse-grained amphiboles in the calcsilicates are aggregates of fine-grained crystals. As a result, they are heterogeneous and prove to be readily affected by excess Ar. A disturbed age pattern in amphiboles from the calcsilicates occurring in the high-grade metamorphic zone may also be the product of excess Ar. On the other hand, the disturbed pattern of amphiboles present in the calcsilicates from the low-grade metamorphic zone could arise from both excess Ar and mixed ages. However, amphiboles from psammitic rocks and some calcsilicates in the high-grade metamorphic zone and in intrusive metabasites display real plateau ages of 237 to 261 Ma. The temperature conditions in the high-grade metamorphic zone were higher than the argon closing temperature for amphibole, and the amphiboles in this zone give plateau ages only when they are homogeneous in composition, lack excess Ar, and have not been thermally affected by intrusion of the granitoids. The unmodified ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar ages prove rather younger than the age of the Late Paleozoic metamorphic event of 280 to 300 Ma, but they are close to muscovite K-Ar ages of 263 to 277 Ma. These ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar amphibole ages are interpreted as the time of cooling that followed the main regional, intermediate-P/T metamorphic climax. The results demonstrate that interpretation of ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar amphibole ages in an area subjected to several metamorphic events can be accomplished only by undertaking a thorough tectono-metamorphic study, accompanied by detailed chemical analysis of the amphiboles.     

祁漫塔格肯德可克火山岩锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb、40Ar/39Ar年龄及地质意义

通过对采集到的肯德可克上泥盆统契盖苏群火山岩样品进行锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb测年和~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar定年,结合区域地质特征,本文对祁漫塔格构造带的多旋回构造演化进行了总结分析。研究表明,契盖苏群流纹岩形成于晚泥盆世(384.9±6.0 Ma),而契盖苏群的形成时间不晚于晚泥盆世。767±15 Ma、915±18 Ma两个继承性锆石年龄证明研究区响应了Rodinia超大陆聚合—裂解。地层、沉积、变质及变形等证据不支持祁漫塔格地区存在晚古生代洋盆或裂陷槽,晚古生代祁漫塔格地区是发育在柴达木西南缘的陆表海。样品~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar有效坪年龄为220.3±1.7 Ma,代表研究区最后一次埋深达约8000 m。晚三叠世火山活动之后,研究区发生大规模抬升,随后叠加了印支晚期、燕山、喜山等多期构造事件导致中新生代缺少大规模沉降。陆内造山持续到32 Ma左右,随后由于库木库里盆地的伸展,祁漫塔格造山带与东昆仑造山带分离。     

40^Ar／39^Ar Ages of Auriferous Quartz Veins from the Fengyang and Zhangbaling Regions and Their Geological Significance

Geotectonically the Fengyang and Zhangbaling regions belong to the North China craton and the Dabie-Sulu oragene, respectively. Neo-Archean gneiss and amphibolite and metamor-phosed sea-facies sodic volcanic rocks axe the main outcrops in the two regions, respectively. The Zhangbaling terrane strike-skipped along the Tancheng-Lujiang fault zone in Mesozoic and Cenozo-ic eras and got close to the Fengyang terrane. Mesozoic Yanshanian intrusions occur broadly in thetwo regions. Gold-beating quartz veins occur in the metamorphic rocks in the Fengyang region and in the granodiorite and metamorphosed sea-facies sodic volcanic rocks in the Zhanghaling region.Generally, the formation of the auriferous quartz veins involved three stages. At the first stage,gold-poor sulfide quartz veins were formed; at the second stage gold-rich quartz sulfide veins wereformed; and at the third stage gold-poor barite and/or carbonate veins were formed. The 40^Ar/29^Ar step-heating plateau ages of the first-stage and the second-stage quartz aggregates from the Zhuding, Maoshan and Shangeheng gold deposits range between 116.1 0.6 Ma and 118.3 0.5 Ma and are pretty close to their least apparent ages and isoehronal ages, respectively. All plat-eau, least apparent and isoehronal ages range between 113.4 0.4 Ma and 118.3 0.5 Ma,which are considered as the formation age range of the quartz. It is reasonable and reliable to takethe 40^Ar/39^Ar age range of the quartz as the formation age range of gold-bearing quartz veins onthe basis of spatial relationship between gold-bearing quartz veins and their country rocks. Thegold deposits in the two regions were formed in Aptian, Cretaceous, when the Tancheng-Lujiangfault zone moved as a normal fault with slightly right-lateral strike-skip, was extensional and expe-rienced very strong magnmtic process. It is shown that the magnmtic hydrothermal fluid is a veryimportant part of the gold ore-forming hydrothermal fluid in the Fengyang and Zhanghaling re-gions. The formation of the gold ore deposits in the Fengyang and Zhanghaling regions had genetic relations with the extensional movement of the Tancheng-Lujiang fault zone and magmatic activities and took place under the extensional dynamic condition in Late Cretaceous. Therefore, the exten-sional movement of the Tancheng-Lujiang fault zone presented the energy and space for magmatic and gold ore-forming processes.     

福建龙海—漳浦沿海地区火山岩激光~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar年龄

福建东南沿海龙海—漳浦地区是新生代佛昙群玄武岩的分布区之一。对该区域火山岩而言,前人的研究主要集中在岩石地球化学特征、形成演化方面,对年代学研究较少,玄武岩喷发期次划分仍以20世纪80、90年代测定的K-Ar结果为依据,或通过下覆地层孢粉组合时代推断而来。为了更精确地测定该地区火山作用的时代及进一步确定其喷发期次,选取龙海—漳浦地区4个玄武岩样品,利用激光~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar测年方法进行精细定年。样品年龄为10.1～14.8Ma,明确了龙海-漳浦新生代玄武岩在中新世中晚期存在一次喷发期次。     

西藏列廷冈-勒青拉矽卡岩型Fe-Cu-Pb-Zn多金属矿床白云母~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar年龄及其地质意义

以列廷冈-勒青拉Fe-Cu-Pb-Zn多金属矿床为研究对象,通过对其Fe矿化阶段白云母的定年研究,从成矿流体演化持续时间的角度对该问题进行了新的探索。系统的野外踏勘、显微镜下观察和电子探针工作表明,列廷冈-勒青拉矿床中发育与磁铁矿共生的白云母。对白云母进行的Ar-Ar同位素测年工作表明,白云母Ar-Ar坪年龄为51.00±0.38 Ma,等时线年龄为50.45±0.62 Ma,认为其代表了列廷冈-勒青拉矿床氧化物阶段铁矿化过程中开始结晶的白云母达到Ar-Ar体系封闭后的年龄。对比前人得出的辉钼矿年龄(61.96±0.58 Ma),提出二者年龄的差异可能由于不同同位素体系在不同矿物中封闭温度的不同所致,认为该矿床热液演化经历了较长时间,演化过程导致的温度梯度的出现加剧了岩浆热液中带来的多金属物质(如Pb、Zn、Cu、Fe)的分异,为矿区多种金属矿物的共存提供了重要条件;该矿床所属的冈底斯北成矿亚带相比较于其它两个成矿亚带具有更长的岩浆演化时间和区域矿化持续时间,与其丰富的矿种组合发育相一致。     

U-Pb and Ar/Ar geochronological constraints on the exhumation history of the North Qinling terrane, China

The amphibolite facies grade North Qinling metamorphic unit forms the centre of the Qinling orogenic belt. Results of LA-ICP-MS U-Pb zircon, ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar amphibole and biotite dating reveal its Palaeozoic tectonic history. U-Pb zircon dating of migmatitic orthogneiss and granite dykes constrains the age of two possible stages of migmatization at 517 ± 14 Ma and 445 ± 4.6 Ma. A subsequent granite intrusion occurred at 417 ± 1.6 Ma. The ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar plateau ages of amphibole ranging from 397 ± 33 Ma to 432 ± 3.4 Ma constrain the cooling of the Qinling complex below ca. 540 °C and biotite ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar ages at about 330–368 Ma below ca. 300 °C. The ages are used to construct a cooling history with slow/non-exhumation during 517– 445 Ma, a time-integrated cooling at a rate < 2.5 °C/Ma during the period of 445–410 Ma, an acceleration of cooling at a rate of 8 °C/Ma from 397 Ma to 368 Ma, and subsequently slow/non-cooling from 368 to 330 Ma. The data show a significant delay in exhumation after peak metamorphic conditions and a long period of tectonic quiescence after the suturing of the North China and South China blocks along the Shangdan suture. These relationships exclude classical exhumation models of formation and exhumation of metamorphic cores in orogens, which all imply rapid cooling after peak conditions of metamorphism.     

粤北瑶岭钨矿成矿相关花岗岩的锆石SHRIMP年龄与40Ar/39Ar成矿年龄及其地质意义

粤北瑶岭钨矿区存在石英脉型黑钨矿和矽卡岩型白钨矿两种成矿类型,与石英脉型黑钨矿成矿同期形成的白云母的40Ar/39Ar年龄为(149.44±0.73)Ma,与华南中生代燕山期大规模的W、Sn成矿作用的年龄一致,代表石英脉型黑钨矿的成矿年龄.与石英脉型黑钨矿成矿相关的隐伏灰白色黑云母花岗岩的SHRIMP锆石年龄为(158...     

琼北火山岩激光40Ar/39Ar定年研究

新生代以来,雷琼地区多次、大量地喷发了一系列火山岩。前人主要基于K-Ar法对此划分了期次。本文采用激光40Ar/39Ar年代学方法,对琼北火山岩区进行了精细定年研究。低本底激光40Ar/39Ar法能够对低钾含量,极少量样品(毫克级)进行精细测定,非常适合极年轻火山岩的定年工作。结果显示的火山岩激光40Ar/39Ar法高质量数据表明琼北火山喷发活动时限跨越1.3～0.052Ma。在比较了表观年龄与等时线年龄差异之后,本文给出了年龄推荐值。正如测试数据所显示,本地区新生代火山岩普遍存在40Ar和36Ar过剩的问题,此时只有等时线年龄才代表喷发的真实年龄。     

云南泸水钨锡矿床微量钾矿物40Ar-39Ar马鞍形年龄谱的含义

采用⁴⁰Ar-³⁹Ar计时方法测定滇西泸水钨锡矿床的白云母、石英、电气石和绿柱石等矿物的年龄，其中微量K矿物（石英、电气石和绿柱石）均形成含过剩⁴⁰Ar的马鞍形年龄谱。研究表明鞍形谱最小年龄的含义比较复杂，有些样品的最小年龄接近于成矿年龄，而有些样品的最小年龄大于甚至远大于成矿年龄。     

川西木落寨稀土矿床年代学、地球化学与成矿特征

木落寨矿床位于川西冕宁-德昌稀土成矿带的北部,郑家梁子矿段是该矿床的主要成矿段。野外勘查发现,郑家梁子矿段主要的赋矿岩石是大理岩,其中发育的张性断裂充填大量矿脉,与矿带中其他矿床以正长岩为赋矿围岩的特征明显不同,而大理岩是否是成矿物质的主要来源尚不清楚。为进一步明确大理岩、正长岩和稀土物质来源之间的关系,文章对相关岩石和矿石进行地球化学特征对比分析。正长岩全岩稀土元素含量为1211×10-6～2974×10-6,稀土元素配分曲线呈轻稀土元素富集,重稀土元素亏损的特征。近矿蚀变大理岩稀土元素配分曲线整体呈右倾,稀土元素总量为1131×10-6～1935×10-6,而远矿新鲜大理岩稀土元素总量为8.20×10-6～8.69×10-6,由此可见,大理岩很可能不是稀土物质的主要来源。新鲜大理岩的δ13CV-PDB变化范围为1.3‰～1.6‰,δ18OV-SMOW介于23.2‰～23.7‰之间,显示其是海相碳酸盐岩变质的产物,蚀变大理岩的δ13CV-PDB变化范围为0.4‰～0.7‰,δ18OV-SMOW介于15.7‰～16‰之间,显示其受热液蚀变影响,并经历碳酸盐的溶解作用。新鲜大理岩与蚀变大理岩的δ13CV-PDB值变化较小(0.4‰～1.6‰),说明这2种大理岩为同源,近矿大理岩可能只是碳酸盐岩溶解蚀变的产物。矿脉中的方解石δ13CV-PDB变化范围为-4.6‰～-4.7‰,δ18OV-SMOW介于11.8‰～12.5‰之间,显示出碳酸岩岩浆经历低温蚀变的过程,证明矿脉与大理岩没有明显物质来源关系。矿石中氟碳铈矿的206Pb/204Pb、207Pb/204Pb与208Pb/204Pb分别为18.3143～18.3629、15.6243～15.6349和38.6197～38.7309,正长岩的206Pb/204Pb、207Pb/204Pb和208Pb/204Pb分别为18.3233～18.3568,15.6298～15.6360和38.6664～38.6880。正长岩和氟碳铈矿的铅同位素特征一致,显示稀土的物质来源很可能是正长岩或隐伏的碳酸岩。本次研究选取典型矿石中与氟碳铈矿密切共生的金云母进行Ar-Ar同位素定年。鉴于矿石中的云母和氟碳铈矿并不存在多期次性,研究测得该矿段金云母的40Ar/39Ar坪年龄为(27.6±0.2)Ma,可以很好地代表成矿时代。