云开地块印支期构造热事件叠加改造:来自片麻岩中多矿物U-Pb年代学的证据

云开地块显生宙的构造演化一直是华南板块的研究热点之一.通过对云开地块变质基底中片麻岩进行独居石、磷灰石和锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年,获得了434±6 Ma（MSWD=3.0）和437±12 Ma（MSWD=6.0）的岩浆锆石年龄,结合镜下观察,认为其代表的是片麻岩原岩（花岗质岩石）的形成时代,与区域上加里东期构造-岩浆-变质-深熔事件的时限基本一致,为武夷-云开加里东造山作用的产物;磷灰石经过普通铅校正后分别给出了241±13 Ma（MSWD=2.2）和242±6 Ma（MSWD=1.4）的变质年龄,独居石则分别获得了236.2±0.8 Ma（MSWD=0.66）和229.4±1.2 Ma（MSWD=2.4）的变质年龄,这些年龄结果与云开地块构造岩云母Ar-Ar年龄相一致,暗示云井地块经历了印支期（230~240 Ma）构造热事件的叠加改造.对片麻岩中黑云母电子探针数据分析显示其具有相对高的Al、Ti和Mg含量,X_Mg值为0.37~0.45,属于铁质黑云母,其Ti饱和温度计给出温度范围为650~700℃（±50℃）,与独居石估算温度580~640℃（±25℃）在误差范围内基本一致,暗示印支期构造热事件对云开地块的叠加改造温度达到了700℃.综上所述,认为云开地块现今的构造格局是在加里东期造山作用基础上叠加了印支期构造塑造而成,叠加温度可能达到了700℃;此外,在利用矿物对温压计恢复加里东期变质作用P-T轨迹时应着重考虑印支期构造热事件对矿物成分的再造作用.      

佳木斯地块花岗质片麻岩的独居石年龄及其地质意义

依据电子探针独居石Th-U-Pb化学法(CHIME)对分布于佳木斯地块北部花岗质片麻岩进行定年,其中独居石415 Ma年龄值报道了佳木斯地块北部存在志留纪晚期的岩浆热事件,(494.35±23.6)Ma、(506.96±52.20)Ma(、481.04±23.19)Ma的独居石年龄值表明,佳木斯地块北部存在500 Ma(晚泛非期)的高级变质事件,结合南部的锆石SHRIMP年龄数据,认为整个佳木斯地块都存在500 Ma(晚泛非期)的高级变质事件。该时期佳木斯地块和松嫩地块可能已经拼贴到一起,共同遭受了500 Ma(晚泛非期)变质事件的影响。     

龙泉关韧性剪切带同变形花岗岩的构造特征及其独居石测年

龙泉关韧性剪切带(LQGSZ)为华北克拉通内一条重要构造带,并将下伏阜平杂岩与上覆五台杂岩分割开来。该带经历了3期变形,第一期为主期变形,变形性质为韧性剪切,上盘沿WNW缓倾的面理向ESE运动,其他两期为后期垮塌滑动。剪切带内强变形部位发育一系列平行剪切面理展布的花岗岩,并构成剪切带的一个主要组分。这些花岗岩在其侵位时经受剪切带主期变形作用,形成糜棱状岩石。变形特征及其与围岩接触关系证明这些花岗岩可能是剪切作用下的原地部分重熔产物,即同变形花岗岩。花岗岩内独居石为岩浆成因矿物,所以独居石结晶年龄可代表岩浆事件年龄,也即龙泉关韧性剪切带主期变形年龄。两个样品的独居石电子探针定年得出了LQGSZ同变形花岗岩的多峰值年龄,其中1846Ma和1877Ma为两样品的主峰值年龄,代表龙泉关韧性剪切带的主期变形年龄。这与华北地区1850Ma左右的区域地质事件年龄完全一致,该事件被认为是华北东、西部地块的碰撞所致,证明了龙泉关韧性剪切带的发育是这次拼合事件同期的韧性剪切带。龙泉关韧性剪切带同变形花岗岩的构造特征及其独居石测年@张进江$北京大学地球与空间科学学院!100871 @赵兰$北京大学地球与空间科学学院!10087...     

龙泉关韧性剪切带同变形花岗岩的构造特征及其独居石定年

龙泉关韧性剪切带强变形部位发育一系列平行剪切带走向展布的花岗岩脉体，构造变形特征表明它们可能是同变形花岗岩，是剪切作用下围岩部分熔融的产物。通过独居石电子探针定年，测得龙泉关韧性剪切带的年龄分别为：主变形幕发生于1877～1846Ma，第2个变形幕发生于1812-1782Ma，晚期1725Ma左右又经历了流体活动。龙泉关韧性剪切带的发生、发展与华北克拉通中部带古元古代晚期的变质事件同期，是东、西陆块碰撞的一个主要剪切带。     

石榴石Lu-Hf、原位独居石U-Pb定年对多期变形的时代制约——以北祁连托勒牧场为例

多期变质变形事件的精确年代限定是造山构造年代学研究的热点问题之一。本文尝试运用面理弯切轴测量技术,结合石榴石Lu-Hf和原位独居石U-Pb定年,厘定北祁连托勒牧场地区石榴石和斜长石斑晶记录的两期构造变形事件:石榴石斑晶生长记录的早期构造变形事件年代为512.3±2.7Ma;斜长石斑晶生长记录的晚期构造变形事件年代不早于481.0±2.3Ma,并推断该期构造变形水平挤压主应力方向为北东-南西。斜长石斑晶内未发现独居石,用于年代学测试的独居石颗粒均位于斜长石斑晶外基质中。显微构造分析认为,独居石生长不早于斜长石斑晶。481.0±2.3Ma的独居石U-Pb年龄,应为斜长石斑晶所记录构造变形的时代下限。结合前人锆石U-Pb定年和Hf同位素研究结果分析认为,获得的512.3±2.7Ma石榴石-全岩Lu-Hf等时线年龄,代表了祁连洋俯冲过程中石榴石的生长时间,后期变质变形作用未对石榴石的Lu-Hf同位素体系产生明显影响。结合显微构造分析,石榴石Lu-Hf定年可为早期构造变形提供有效年代学制约。     

北祁连构造带东端拼贴过程的探讨——金柳滩韧性剪切带锆石U-Pb年龄和Lu-Hf同位素特征

金柳滩韧性剪切带位于北祁连构造带东端山门镇,是陇山岩群与葫芦河岩群拼贴的构造边界。通过陇山岩群的黑云角闪斜长片麻岩和金柳滩韧性剪切带内的花岗质糜棱岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年分析发现：陇山岩群的黑云角闪斜长片麻岩形成于461.9±7.0 Ma;金柳滩韧性剪切带内的花岗质糜棱岩获得了~460 Ma,~420 Ma和~380 Ma三组年龄。其中,~460 Ma的锆石具清晰的振荡环带、高的Th/U比值、左倾型的REE模式和显著的Ce正异常以及Eu负异常的特征,表明了~460 Ma为原岩的形成年龄;~420 Ma和~380 Ma的锆石虽然具有类似岩浆成因的REE模式,但是其内部结构显示为弱环带或者无环带的特征,为变质成因锆石的特征。~420 Ma锆石的高Th/U比值暗示其为超固相线变质锆石,富Th的矿物（如独居石等）已经熔融消失。~380 Ma锆石显示变化的Th含量和稳定的U含量,明显区别于~420 Ma锆石,表明其生长过程中有Th富集的矿物（如独居石）同时晶出。金柳滩韧性剪切带内糜棱岩中发育条带状构造,以及浅色糜棱岩发育条片状暗色体,记录了部分熔融作用。因此,~420 Ma和~380 Ma代表了两期部分熔融的时限。综合剪切带南侧葫芦河岩群~440 Ma的最大沉积年龄,金柳滩韧性剪切带形成时代限定于440~420 Ma。此外,陇山岩群黑云斜长角闪片麻岩锆石具有正的εHf(t)值（10.26~15.13）和487~790 Ma的tDM2年龄,记录了强烈的早古生代陆壳生长事件。花岗质糜棱岩锆石εHf(t)值和tDM2年龄分别为-4.02~4.46和1120~1660 Ma,指示其源区以中元古代或者更加古老的陆壳物质为主。因此,北侧陇山岩群和南侧葫芦河岩群均不可能是花岗质糜棱岩的原岩,暗示其在440~420 Ma金柳滩韧性剪切带形成过程中已被强烈消减,与早古生代碰撞抬升地质作用过程一致。     

雪峰隆起北部加里东事件的K-Ar年代学研究

详细的野外构造变形分析表明雪峰隆起经历了加里东期、印支期、晚侏罗世末—早白垩世初和早白垩世末—晚白垩世初共4次变形事件,后3期褶皱变形的方位可能分别为北西西、北东—北北东和近南北向,而加里东期褶皱方位因受后期叠加改造影响而无法准确识别。雪峰隆起北部板溪群板岩伊利石X射线衍射分析显示其经历了低绿片岩相区域变质作用。板溪群板岩伊利石K-Ar年代学研究表明雪峰隆起经历了加里东期构造热事件,该事件发生的时间大致略早于419Ma(晚志留世初)。所获得的419～389Ma(晚志留世—中泥盆世)的冷却年龄,指示了雪峰隆起发生过加里东期隆升。华南加里东变形事件直接影响到雪峰隆起本身,向西的波及界线可能为该隆起西界上的张家界—花垣—凯里断裂带。     

浙江诸暨地区陈蔡群加里东期变质年龄的确认及其地质意义

陈蔡群是浙东南地区重要的岩石单位之一,一直被认为是华夏地块变质基底的重要组成部分,20世纪众多地质学家对其开展过研究工作。选取浙江省诸暨市孝四地区的陈蔡群为研究对象,对其开展了详细的LA-ICP-MS同位素定年工作。锆石CL图像和微量元素特征显示其锆石均为变质锆石,17个分析点获得206Pb/238U年龄加权平均值435Ma±4Ma,属于加里东期,此年龄代表了诸暨地区陈蔡群的主变质年龄。结合华南已报道的高精度加里东期年龄纪录,探讨了华南加里东运动发生的时限和运动性质。研究结果表明,华南加里东运动主要发生于420～445Ma之间,435Ma为其一个峰值。     

华北克拉通北缘隆化地区S型花岗岩的独居石年龄图谱

位于华北克拉通北缘中段的隆化S型花岗岩由石榴石黑云母花岗岩、石榴石花岗岩以及片麻理化的黑云母花岗岩组成。其主体岩性石榴石黑云母花岗岩SiO_2和Al_2O_3含量分别为64.09%～69.6%以及14.6%～16.13%,K_2O/Na_2O>1.0,A/CNK>1,0,Mg~#在20.76～34.89之间变化,具有明显的Nb、Ta、P、Ti和Sr亏损以及Rb、K和Th富集。石榴石黑云母花岗岩(样品JB6031-1)采用独居石电子探针U-Th-Pb化学法进行测年,获得了2553±120Ma、2180±42Ma和1854±24Ma三个年龄峰值。一颗独居石内部成分分带上6个分析点定年结果构成2553±120Ma的峰值年龄,这一年龄与我们最新获得的2506±7Ma和2541±8Ma(继承锆石年龄)LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素年龄相似,我们将这一独居石年龄解释为继承独居石的年龄,表明在赤城-隆化断裂以北存在太古宙陆块,并且在后期构造-热事件中发生部分熔融形成S型花岗岩。该独居石颗粒幔部成分分带上10个分析点的测年结果揭示的峰值年龄为2181±42Ma,该年龄也是出现频率最高的年龄值,我们建议2181±42Ma为S型花岗岩的结晶年龄,反映了S型花岗岩的侵位时代。独居石颗粒外部成分分带上8个分析点的测年结果构成1854±24Ma的峰值年龄,该年龄与华北克拉通中部带的变质年龄接近,我们将其解释为S型花岗岩的变质年龄,表明华北克拉通北缘的构造演化与中部带的构造演化密切相关。     

新疆阿尔泰冲乎尔地区蓝晶石-夕线石型变质带独居石CHIME二叠纪年龄及其地质意义

新疆冲乎尔地区的蓝晶石-夕线石型递增变质带由绿泥石-黑云母带、黑云母-石榴石带、石榴石-十字石带、十字石-蓝晶石带和夕线石带组成;递增变质作用峰期温度、压力分别为T=520～640℃,p=(4.5～5.8)×108Pa;十字石-蓝晶石带和夕线石带变质岩中含有丰富的独居石,而且Th-U-Pb含量比较高,适合电子探针独居石CHIME法定年,独居石CHIME法确定的变质时代为268±10～261±20Ma,与阿勒泰地区发育的红柱石-夕线石型(低压型)变质带形成时代(262±10～264±22Ma)一致,说明阿尔泰造山带蓝晶石-夕线石型和红柱石-夕线石型递增变质带是同一次大规模的构造热事件的产物,时代为二叠纪中期。     

Discovery of a c.370 Ma granitic gneiss clast from the Hwanggangri pebble-bearing phyllite in the Okcheon metamorphic belt, Korea

The chemical Th–U total Pb isochron method (CHIME) of dating was carried out on accessory minerals in samples from the Okcheon metamorphic belt in Korea. Dated minerals include xenotime and monazite with overgrown mantles in a granitic gneiss clast from the Hwanggangri Formation, metamorphic allanite in garnet-bearing muscovite–chlorite schist of the Munjuri Formation, and polycrase and monazite in post-tectonic granite from the Hwanggangri area. Overgrowth of mantles took place at 369 ± 10 Ma on c. 1750 Ma cores of xenotime and monazite in the granitic gneiss. Allanite, occurring in textural equilibrium with peak metamorphic minerals, yields a CHIME age of 246 ± 15 Ma that is discriminably older than the polycrase (170 ± 6 Ma) and monazite (170 ± 3 Ma) ages of the post-tectonic granite. These chronological data suggest that some of the metasedimentary rocks in the belt formed through a single stage of metamorphism at c. 250 Ma from post-370 Ma sediments. Late Permian age signatures have also been reported from the Precambrian Gyeonggi and Yeongnam massifs that border the Okcheon metamorphic belt, and indicate that parts of the basement massifs and the metamorphic belt were affected by the same regional metamorphic event.     

Relationship between metamorphism and ore formation at the Sukhoi Log gold deposit hosted in black slates from the data of U-Th-Pb isotopic SHRIMP-dating of accessory minerals

The formation conditions and age of the Sukhoi Log gold deposit are considered on the basis of new isotopic-geochemical data. The U-Pb isotopic study of zircon and monazite from high-grade ore and host black slates at the Sukhoi Log deposit was carried out with SIMS technique using a SHRIMP II instrument. Two generations of monazite are distinguished on the basis of optical and scanning electron microscopy, cathodoluminescence, and micro X-ray spectroscopy. Monazite I is characterized by black opaque porphyroblasts with microinclusions of minerals pertaining to metamorphic slates and structural attributes of pre- and synkinematic formation. Monazite II occurs only within the ore zone as transparent crystals practically free of inclusions and as rims around monazite I. The REE contents are widely variable in both generations. Porphyroblastic monazite I differs in low U and Th (0.01–0.7 wt % ThO₂) contents, whereas transparent monazite II contains up to 4 wt % ThO2. The average weighted U-Pb isotopic age of monazite I is 650 ± 8.1 Ma (MSWD = 1.6; n = 9) and marks the time of metamorphism or catagenesis. The U-Pb age estimates of synore monazite II cover the interval of 486 ± 18 to 439 ± 17 Ma. Zircons of several populations from 0.5 to 2.6 Ga in age are contained in the ore. Most detrital zircon grains have porous outer rims composed of zircon and less frequent xenotime with numerous inclusions of minerals derived from slates. The peaks of ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U ages in the most abundant zircon populations fall on 570 and 630 Ma and correspond to the age of newly formed metamorphic mineral phases. The discordant isotopic ages indicate that the U-ThPb isotopic system of ancient detrital zircons was disturbed 470–440 Ma ago in agreement with isotopic age of monazite II and the Rb-Sr whole -rock isochron age of black slates (447 ± 6 Ma). The new data confirm the superimposed character of the gold-quartz-sulfide mineralization at the deposit. Black shales of the Khomolkho Formation of the Bodaibo Synclinorium were affected by metamorphism over a long period; the peaks of metamorphism and catagenesis are dated at 570 and 650–630 Ma. The high-temperature ore formation was probably related to a hidden granitic pluton emplaced 450–440 Ma ago, that is, 200 Ma later than the events of greenschist metamorphism. Hercynian granitoid magmatism (320–270 Ma) did not exert a substantial effect on the U-Th-Pb isotopic system in accessory minerals from the ore and could not have been a major source of ore-forming fluids.     

A New Type of Rare Metal Deposit: The Yushishan Leptynite-Type Nb-Ta Deposit in Eastern Altun, Gansu Province, NW China

The Yusishan deposit is a newly found leptynite-type niobium and tantalum (Nb-Ta) deposit, which is located in the Eastern Altun of Gansu Province. The leptynite of the Neoproterozoic Aoyougou Formation occurs more than 10 km long and 3 km wide. In this paper, we carried out a detailed study of the leptynite and related mineralization. The U-Pb dating of zircon reveals ages of 831 ± 5 Ma and 790 ± 5 Ma for the unmineralized leptynite and 491 ± 4 Ma and 455 ± 4 Ma for the mineralized leptynite. The petrographic and geochemical evidence identified the protolith of the leptynite as alkaline volcanic rocks that erupted during Neoproterozoic at ca. 830 Ma. At ca. 490 Ma, the tectono-magmatic and metamorphic event triggered remobilization and enrichment of Nb-Ta as well as other critical metals (REE, Zr, Hf etc) with the formation of industry orebodies in the leptynite strata. The Yushishan deposit presents many similarities with the alkaline volcanic rocks related rare metal deposits in the south Qinling of China and the Brochman, Toogni and Southern Peak Range deposits in Australian. We therefore propose that the Yushishan deposit is a new type (sub-type) of Nb-Ta deposit and termed as leptynite type that represents the metamorphic counterpart of the alkaline volcanic rocks related rare metal deposits.     

海南石碌铁钴铜矿床成因及其成矿模式

海南石碌矿床是以富铁矿为主,并伴生有钴铜等矿产的著名大型矿集区。通过对该矿床控矿地质条件的再认识,并对其成矿物质来源、岩浆活动与成矿的关系、成矿时代进行了讨论,认为铁钴铜等物质来源很可能来自原始火山沉积地层石碌群中,后期区域变质作用和岩浆活动对其形成起重要的改造富集作用,初步定义其为火山-沉积变质+多期热液叠加改造型矿床。该矿床成矿模式概括为:1)新元古代海底火山喷流沉积期,奠定了铁钴铜等成矿物质的基础;2)加里东—海西期的变质改造成矿期,形成了沉积变质型贫矿体;3)印支—燕山早期热液叠加改造富化期,石碌矿床发生了重要的改造富集作用,形成了富铁矿体;4)燕山晚期热液叠加改造富化期,对原来矿体进行改造富集,并形成了脉状、角砾状铁矿体及伴生的铜钴矿体。     

河北滦平周台子条带状铁矿地质特征、围岩时代及其地质意义

河北滦平县周台子铁矿位于华北克拉通北缘,是产于前寒武纪单塔子群变质岩系中的鞍山式铁矿,具有条带状铁建造(BIF)特征。矿石主要呈条带状构造,有的呈条纹和致密块状构造。矿石类型主要以石英磁铁矿型为主,含铁介于30%~35%。前寒武纪变质岩是矿床的主要围岩,出露有黑云母(角闪)斜长片麻岩和斜长角闪岩,局部见花岗片麻岩。原岩恢复表明,黑云母(角闪)斜长片麻岩的原岩为英安岩-流纹岩,斜长角闪岩原岩为玄武岩。花岗片麻岩的SiO₂含量大于56%,MgO含量小于3%,Al₂O₃含量大于15%,Sr含量大于500×10^-6,Yb含量均小于1.9×10^-6,轻重稀土元素分异明显,重稀土元素强烈亏损,并且Eu负异常不明显,表明该片麻岩具埃达克质岩石的地球化学特征。锆石U-Pb定年结果显示出几组年龄,分别是2512±21Ma, 2452±9.6Ma,2394±55Ma。大体看,2512Ma代表了火山喷发和周台子铁矿BIF沉淀年龄,2452Ma左右的锆石年龄代表了TTG质花岗片麻岩的侵位结晶年龄,2394Ma锆石年龄代表了周台子铁矿经历了一次变质作用,并对原有的岩石和矿石进行了改造。锆石Hf同位素特征显示斜长角闪岩和TTG质片麻岩的岩浆源区受到过古老地壳物质的混染。周台子铁矿构造环境可能是与裂谷有关的张性环境。     

Age and pyrite Pb-isotopic composition of the giant Sukhoi Log sediment-hosted gold deposit, Russia

Sukhoi Log is one of the largest gold deposits in Russia (1100 t Au at 2.45 g/t). Like many other sediment-hosted gold deposits throughout the world, Sukhoi Log preserves textural, structural and geochemical evidence for multiple generations of Au enrichment and pyrite growth.The deposit is located in the Lena gold province of Siberia, on the edge of the Siberian Craton and occurs in the core of a recumbent anticline in a Neoproterozoic black shale and quartz-rich siltstone-sandstone turbidite succession. Temporal constraints on pyrite paragenesis at the deposit have been determined using laser ablation inductively coupled mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS) measurements of U, Th and Pb isotopes in pyrite, monazite and zircon. LA-ICPMS age determinations on detrital zircons indicate the host rocks were deposited after 600 ± 10 Ma and derived from a mixture of Palaeoproterozoic and Neoproterozoic sources. The U, Th and Pb isotopic systematics indicate the cores of large monazite crystals, which predate obvious tectonic fabric development in the host rocks, began growing at 573 ± 12 Ma. The rims of the same monazite crystals formed at 516 ± 10 Ma, during peak metamorphism and deformation. Small monazite crystals also grew in the sedimentary rocks during the Devonian (374 ± 20 Ma) and the Carboniferous or Early Permian (288 ± 22 Ma), possibly in response to fluid movements triggered by synchronous granite intrusion in the area. Multi-collector and quadrupole LA-ICPMS Pb isotopic determination on pyrite, combined with overprinting criteria, show that the earliest (stratiform) Pb and Au-bearing pyrite formed prior to metamorphism—possibly during sedimentation or early diagenesis (575-600 Ma). Small Au-rich pyrite nodules preserved as cores to folded bedding-parallel pyrite-quartz veins probably grew during late diagenesis or early metamorphism. Large pyrite euhedra, which overgrow the strong axial planar cleavage in the host rocks, have more radiogenic Pb-isotopic compositions and formed either late during or after deformation. Framboidal pyrite that is overgrown by both the late diagenetic-early metamorphic and syn- to post-metamorphic pyrite has the most radiogenic Pb-isotopic composition suggesting exchange with radiogenic Pb in the matrix may have continued until late in the history of the deposit.The dating and Pb isotopes support a multistage origin for the gold deposit with Au first introduced during or prior to growth of the earliest stratiform pyrite and progressively re-concentrated (with or without addition of further gold) during later metamorphic events.     

CHIME dating of monazite, xenotime, zircon and polycrase: Protocol, pitfalls and chemical criterion of possibly discordant age data

This paper outlines the CHIME (chemical Th–U-total Pb isochron method) dating method, which is based on precise electron microprobe analyses of Th, U and Pb in Th- and U-bearing accessory minerals such as monazite, xenotime, zircon and polycrase. The age-mapping technique that is applicable to young monazite and zircon is also described. CHIME dating consists of analyzing multiple spots within homogeneous age domains that show sufficient compositional variation, and then these data are used to construct a “pseudo-isochron” from which an age can be obtained via regression. This method, when coupled with discrimination of possibly concordant age data by chemical criteria such as the (Ca + Si)/(Th + U + Pb + S) ratio for monazite and Ca and S contents for zircon, has the potential advantage of significant precision, and the ability to work with minerals that have a significant initial common Pb component. This technique can identify two or more homogeneous domains that are separated by age gaps smaller than the error on individual spot age analysis. Many features that are insignificant in major element analysis can have major impact in the acquisition of trace element data. Critical factors include the roles of collimator slit, detector gas, background estimation, accelerating voltage, probe current, X-ray interferences and count rate in affecting the accuracy, and a way to apply the Th and U interference correction without pure Th- and U-oxides or synthesized pure ThSiO₄. The age-mapping procedure for young monazite and zircon includes acquiring PbMα (or PbMβ) intensity of individual pixels with multiple spectrometers, correcting background with background maps computed from a measured background intensity by the intensity relationships determined in advance of the measurement, calibrating of intensity with standards and calculating of ages from the Th, U and Pb concentrations. This technique provides age maps that show differences in age domains on the order of 20 Ma with in monazite as young as 100 Ma. The effect of sample damage by irradiation of intense and prolonged probe measurement is also described.     

浙江平水铜矿含硫化物石英脉锆石U-Pb定年及其地质意义

平水铜矿是位于扬子板块和华夏板块结合带(即钦杭结合带)北东段的典型火山岩型块状硫化物矿床,其铜矿主要形成于石英-黄铁矿-黄铜矿-闪锌矿阶段。本文对其块状矿体下部发育的含硫化物石英脉中锆石进行了LA-ICP-MSU-Pb精确测年,CL图像和Th/U比值显示锆石多为岩浆成因,测年数据可分为5组:981～988Ma、(950±15)Ma、(926±13)Ma、(899±21)Ma和93～120Ma。地质证据和定年结果表明平水铜矿的成矿年龄为新元古代早期(～899Ma),白垩纪的热事件(93～120Ma)对矿体进行了叠加改造作用。这一认识对深入了解平水铜矿的成因、形成和演化具有重要地质意义,同时提供了在钦杭结合带寻找火山岩型块状硫化物矿床的年代学信息。     

Tectonothermal events in the Olympic IOCG Province constrained by apatite and REE-phosphate geochronology

The Olympic iron oxide–copper–gold province in South Australia contains numerous deposits and prospects, including the Olympic Dam Cu–U–Au–Ag deposit and the Acropolis prospect. The Acropolis prospect comprises massive, coarse-grained magnetite–apatite veins partly replaced by a hematite-stable assemblage. The apatite grains in the veins contain zones with abundant inclusions of other minerals (including monazite and xenotime) and low trace-element concentrations relative to the inclusion-free zones. The inclusion-rich apatite zones are interpreted to be formed from the recrystallisation of the inclusion-free apatite and remobilisation of U, Th and rare earth element (REE) from apatite into monazite and xenotime. Apatite, monazite and xenotime are all established U–Th–Pb geochronometers and offer the potential to constrain the alteration history of the Acropolis prospect. The LA-ICPMS U–Pb age of inclusion-free apatite is within error of the age of the host volcanic units (ca 1.59 Ga). Inclusion-rich apatite yields both near-concordant analyses that are within error of the inclusion-free apatite as well as highly disturbed (discordant) analyses. The most concordant analyses of monazite (Th–Pb) inclusions and xenotime (U–Pb) inclusions and rim grains indicate an alteration event occurred at ca 1.37 Ga and possibly also at ca 500 Ma. The disparity in age of the inclusion-rich apatite and the REE-phosphate inclusions (and rim grains) is suggested to be owing to the apatite being initially recrystallised at ca 1.59 Ga and modified again by a later event that also formed (or coarsened) most of the inclusions. Partial resetting of the majority of the monazite inclusions as well as the presence of significant amounts of common Pb has complicated the interpretation of the monazite results. In contrast, xenotime is a more robust geochronometer in this setting. The ages of the two post-1.59 Ga events that appear to have affected the Acropolis prospect do not correspond to any events known to have occurred in the Gawler Craton. The earlier (ca 1.37 Ga) age instead corresponds best with metamorphic–magmatic–hydrothermal activity in Laurentia, consistent with the proximity of Laurentia and the Gawler Craton inferred from palaeogeographic reconstructions. The later (ca 500 Ma) event corresponds to the Delamerian Orogeny and has been shown by prior studies to have also affected the Olympic Dam deposit.     

EPMA and PIXE dating of monazite in granulites from Stary Gierałtów,NE Bohemian Massif,Poland

Chemical Th–U–total Pb (CHIME) dating of monazite by electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA) and proton microprobe (PIXE) was carried out on felsic granulites from Stary Gierałtów, Poland, which represent part of the Orlica-Śnieżnik Dome in the NE Bohemian Massif. Analyzed monazite is characterized by mosaic zoning rather than simple core-to-rim growth, and strontium contents of up to 750ppm. An isochron age of 347 ± 13Ma represents timing of amphibolite-facies metamorphism, in agreement with previously published estimates.