新疆卡拉麦里地区晚古生代以来不同构造层特征及大地构造意义

摘要：卡拉麦里地区石炭纪以来的岩石地层系统由三大套构造岩石地层单位构成, 分别是以劈理、紧闭褶皱极为发育的卡拉麦里蛇绿混杂岩带为代表的造山带基底层系,以开阔褶皱为主要构造变形的石炭纪后碰撞构造层,和高角度正断层及平缓褶皱较发育的二叠-侏罗纪陆内湖盆构造层。它们分别记录了卡拉麦里地区前石炭纪碰撞造山阶段、石炭纪后碰撞阶段和二叠纪后板内断陷 坳陷阶段的沉积 变形特征。     

青藏高原北缘昆仑-羊湖地区构造运动及其地质意义

昆仑-羊湖地区位于青藏高原北缘昆仑山脉中段之南侧,经历了早海西旋回、晚海西旋回和印支旋回洋陆转换阶段的发展及板内造山演化历程,发育早海西运动、晚海西运动、印支运动和燕山运动-喜马拉雅运动,它们分别是洋陆转换和板内造山事件的具体表现。     

新疆卡拉麦里碰撞带闭合时间的讨论——来自卡拉麦里小区志留、泥盆系、下石炭统地层约束的报告

卡拉麦里碰撞带一直存在"构造热",而地层和沉积学研究显得十分滞后,尤其与造山作用紧密相关的泥盆纪研究几乎是空白。从卡拉麦里碰撞带最基础的地层工作入手,进行了精细的生物地层和碎屑锆石定年以及沉积学深入工作,建立了本区地层新老及上下关系。发现泥盆纪记录了洋盆转换的剧烈时期。下、中泥盆统卡拉麦里组自下而上沉积特征是由深水相向浅水相演化,表明,卡拉麦里洋盆并没有关闭。晚泥盆世克安库都克组磨拉石发现是对卡拉麦里造山事件的沉积响应,是陆陆碰撞造山阶段的沉积产物。之后,早石炭世地层进入板内沉积阶段。表明,新疆卡拉麦里碰撞带,碰撞时间应在晚泥盆世,而不是目前普遍认为的早石炭世。     

柴达木盆地北缘晚海西—印支期古构造应力分析

为了更好认识柴北缘晚海西—印支期古构造应力特征与演化过程,在天峻快日玛乡、城墙沟、石灰沟等地区详细野外观测的基础上,利用地层恢复和古构造应力反演技术对柴北缘及邻区石炭系—新生界构造观测数据进行分析。结果表明晚二叠世—中三叠世,柴北缘在南—北向挤压作用下向北俯冲碰撞,盆地内部上二叠—中三叠统缺失。晚三叠世开始,西秦岭斜向碰撞柴达木盆地,柴北缘进入造山阶段,所受挤压作用方向转变为北西—南东向,盆地内大范围缺失上三叠统。晚海西—印支期柴北缘内部二叠纪—三叠纪地层大面积剥蚀加之该期强烈挤压作用造成尕海南山石炭系与白垩系、旺尕秀煤矿石炭系与侏罗系之间的角度不整合,意味着下伏石炭系可能遭受强烈破坏。     

海南岛晚海西-印支期埃达克质岩的构造环境判别及其对比

本文采用岩浆岩石地球化学作图软件,处理了海南岛晚海西-印支期埃达克质岩以及钾玄质岩的岩石化学分析数据,目的在于探讨其形成构造环境。根据地球化学-构造环境判别图解,海南岛在海西-印支期属于火山-岩浆弧环境,并将其与隔海相望的印支陆块东侧和华南板块同构造旋回的埃达克质岩进行对比。对比结果表明:海南岛与长山带晚海西-印支期埃达克质岩具有相似的构造环境,主要为主动大陆汇聚边缘带,其次为碰撞后板内地壳伸展-减薄环境。而华南板块同期的埃达克质岩则为大陆板内陆-陆同碰撞成因,与陆内深大断裂的活动有关。     

柴达木东缘碰撞系统划分

基于前人对于柴达木东南缘北北西向鄂拉山岩浆带的研究成果,结合研究区火山-岩浆岩、蛇绿岩和沉积地层的形成时代、环境、分布规律、构造发育以及热力学环境和重磁地球物理异常等因素,认为鄂拉山岩浆弧是松潘—甘孜板块以阿尼玛卿蛇绿岩带为缝合线向北俯冲的产物.在整个闭合过程中,深部发生了滑脱,浅部碰撞前为半岛+拗拉槽+洋岛+海槽的基本格局,构造运动经历了洋壳俯冲中消减、陆内碰撞造山和地壳伸展3个阶段,区内花岗岩的起因,始于洋壳俯冲,发展于陆内碰撞,因而,所发育的岩浆岩具有Ⅰ-S过渡型花岗岩的特征,是海西晚期—燕山早期构造运动的地质记录.通过演绎这一发展过程,划分了柴达木东南缘岩浆岩带的碰撞体系.     

新疆东准卡拉麦里地区下石炭统板内沉积特征

长期以来,新疆东准卡拉麦里碰撞带时限与下石炭统紧密相关。本文建立内部地层序列,将生物地层与锆石年代学紧密结合,明确了下部松喀尔苏组(暂定)火山岩系锆石年龄为346.8±3.3Ma,为早石炭世维宪期沉积;中部塔木岗组碎屑锆石年龄327Ma,为维宪期之后的沉积产物。将生物地层、沉积地层、火山岩和构造背景相结合,得出晚泥盆世克安库都克组为磨拉石沉积。下石炭统早期的松喀尔苏组(有待建组)为中、基性火山岩夹中酸性的火山凝灰岩,塔木岗组具有滨岸扇三角洲沉积,姜巴斯套组以重力流沉积为主,测区已进入到板内沉积阶段。测区早石炭世板内地层具有盆地开裂、近海和深水的重力流沉积,组成板内开裂至坳陷的沉积特征。     

西秦岭造山带的演化、构造格局和性质

简要论述了西秦岭造山带显生宙以来的构造演化和格局,讨论了西秦岭造山带的性质。西秦岭造山带自800Ma左右以来,经历了超大陆裂解、洋陆演化、碰撞造山、板内伸展和陆内叠覆造山后才形成现今的西秦岭造山带。在不同的构造演化阶段,西秦岭有着完全不同的构造体制和格局。在洋陆演化阶段属板块构造体制,以多陆块洋为特征的洋陆格局;在板内伸展阶段属板内裂谷和裂陷盆地体制,以板内伸展盆地体系为特征的海陆格局;在陆内叠覆造山阶段属陆内盆山体制和陆内盆山格局。西秦岭造山带是一个“碰撞—陆内型”复合造山带。     

华南二叠纪层序地层与盆地演化

新兴的层序地层学,是盆地分析的重要手段。华南二叠纪是华南板块海西-印支阶段盆地演化的重要时期,沉积盆地类型划分为克拉通盆地、板内及板缘伸展盆地,以及东吴运动后出现的前陆盆地和弧后盆地。南方二叠系由11个层序和1个半超层序组成,不同类型沉积盆地中层序地层具有不同的层序特征和充填形式。二叠纪是海西-印支期盆地演化由成熟到消亡的转折阶段,它们发育于扩张环境下,总体上是由两个克拉通盆地夹持一个伸展盆地。两个克拉通盆地的发展不均衡,中央伸展盆地沿着加里东的拼合带发育。这一古地理古构造格局与加里东期十分相似,由此认为,华南晚古生代沉积的构造背景,并不是稳定的克拉通环境。     

东天山板块构造与金属矿产成矿规律

根据东天山及邻区地层，沉积建造，构造岩石组合，变形，变质，古生物分区，深部地壳结构，地球物理，地球化学特征，以康古尔塔格－黄山深断裂为界，划分了不同级别的构造单元和构造沉积相带，统计分析了２０２个金属矿床，重点研究了金，银，铜，镍，钼，铁等矿产空间分布与板块构造，碰撞带关系，划分出九个成矿带，三个成矿期，以海西中晚期最为显著，成矿与板缘构造活动带地质演化密切相关，与俯冲－碰撞带和韧性切带时演化最为     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

Quaternary stresses revealed by calcite twinning inversion: insights from observations in the Savonnières underground quarry (eastern France)

Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ₁ roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).     

HYDROGEOLOGY

正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level     

METAMORPHIC PETROLOGY

正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),     

SERIALS

正~~     

GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION

正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-     

QUATERNARY GEOLOGY & GEOMORPHOLOGY

正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-     

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY

正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)     

GEOCHEMISTRY

正20142002 Wei Hualing(Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Langfang065000,China);Zhou Guohua Element Content and Mineral Compositions in Different Sizes of Soil in Tongling Area,Anhui Province(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(11),2013,p.1861     

ENGINEERING GEOLOGY

正20141768 An Shaopeng(Institute of Rock and Soil Mechannics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430071,China);Wei Lide Experimental Study on Mechanical Behavior of Xigeda Formation Siltstone and Structure Interface(Journal of Engineering Geology,ISSN1004-9665,CN11-3249/P,21(5),2013,p.702-708,9illus.,1 table,16 refs.)