无机多元素现代仪器分析技术

本文重点介绍地质领域目前广泛应用的无机多元素现代仪器分析技术,包括电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)、电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)、X射线荧光光谱(XRF)、原子吸收光谱(AAS)、原子荧光光谱(AFS)、电子探针分析技术和共享平台的建立、激光剥蚀等离子体质谱(LA-ICP-MS)微区原位分析技术以...     

电感耦合等离子体光谱分析仪简介

电感耦合等离子体光谱分析仪Inductively CoupledPlasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry（ICP—AES）是西安地质调查中心实验测试中心于2005年引进的。电感耦合等离子体发射光谱分析是一种新型原子发射光谱分析法,它是以电感耦合等离子体光源代替经典的激发光源（电弧、火花）。目前ICP—AES主要用于溶液分析,因其检出限低、精密度好、动态范围宽、基体效应小和无电极污染等特点,而获得广泛的应用。     

环境样品中痕量元素的化学形态分析Ⅰ．分析技术在化学形态分析中的应用

文章介绍了形态分析的基本概念,常用的联用分析技术,如气相色谱原子吸收光谱、气相色谱原子荧光光谱、气相色谱微波诱导等离子体原子发射光谱、气相色谱电感耦合等离子体质谱、高效液相色谱电感耦合等离子体质谱等在环境样品(水、土壤、沉积物)中痕量元素化学形态(价态、金属有机化合物等)分析中的应用,土壤和沉积物中污染元素的顺序提取步骤,以形态分析发展动态。引用文献72篇。     

ICP-MS在地气样品分析中的应用

<正>目前,地气样品分析方法主要有质子激发X荧光分析(PIXE)(L.Malmqvist et al.,1999)、中子活化分析(INAA)(童纯菡等,1992)、原子吸收光谱法(AAS)(刘应汉等,1995)、电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)(刘应汉等,2003)等。但是,由于地气样品中元素含量非常低,需要高精度、高准确度和高灵敏度的仪器分析检测。而美国Perkin-Elmer公司制造的电感耦合等离子体     

电感耦合等离子体质谱分析仪简介

电感耦合等离子体质谱分析仪Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry（ICP—MS）是西安地质调查中心实验测试中心于2006年引进的。电感耦合等离子体质谱分析仪能适用于广泛领域的各种样品的元素分析,尤其适用于各类复杂基体的环境、食品、矿物、动植物、卫生防疫等样品中各种无机元素的分析。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱的若干进展

综述了近年来电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱在基础理论研究、进样技术以及广泛的分析应用领域方面的进展,并简介了对仪器装置的改进和研制。引用文献１０８篇。     

地表水和地下水水质分析前处理问题探讨

运用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法、电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法和电感耦合等离子体质谱法对0.45μm滤膜过滤前后的地表水和地下水溶液中的微量元素铁、锰、锌、铅、铜、镍、铬和镉进行了定量分析。结果发现,由于微生物的存在及其对水中微量元素的吸附作用,经过滤的酸化水直接测定结果比其经消解处理的测定结果偏低。建议在水质分析前,对样品进行低温消解前处理。     

电感耦合氩等离子体原子发射光谱同时测定某些地质样品中的常量元素及痕量元素

高频电感耦合氩等离子体原子发射光谱法是多元素同时测定的有效手段,我们通过实验并充分发挥了750原子光量计所具有的功能、编辑了可同时测定硅酸盐岩石中22个元素的分析矩阵,其中常量元素有     

多接收器电感耦合等离子体质谱的新应用

无机地球化学研究的进展通常依赖于新的技术开发。电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP—MS）技术可以进行高精度的同位素比值分析，使以前很难测定的元素的分析成为可能。牛津大学地球科学系已经越来越多地开展多接收器电感耦合等离子体质谱分析，着重于解决从宇宙至环境化学领域的诸多问题。目前主要研究Cr同位素，确定Cr对Jurassic—Triassic边界可能产生的影响事件，以及采用铀系列同位素进行海洋学研究。     

ICP发射光谱法测定硅酸盐岩石中主要元素

本文叙述了电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定硅酸盐岩石中的主要元素的分析方法及结果。我国ICP-AES对痕量分析工作已广泛开展,但在硅酸盐主要元素分析方面如何发挥仪器潜力的报导并不多。本文的目的是提供一个同时测定硅酸盐     

Combining multiple correspondence analysis with factorial kriging analysis for geochemical mapping of the gold–silver deposit at Marrancos (Portugal)

This study concerns the application of multiple correspondence analysis and factorial kriging analysis to soil data, and aims to identify spatial patterns and superficial soil anomalies of the Au and Ag deposit at Marrancos, Vila Verde. The mineral deposit can be described as a quartz auriferous shear-zone, consisting of a quartz breccia of tectonic origin hosted by metamorphic rocks (hornfels). Gold is associated with arsenopyrite and pyrite, and Ag with galena and galenobismuthite. A total of 286 soil samples were analysed for Fe, Cu, Zn, Pb, Co, Ni, Mn, Ag and Bi by atomic absorption spectrometry, As, Se, Te and Sb by atomic absorption spectrometry–hydride generation system and Au by inductively coupled plasma–atomic emission spectroscopy after extraction of the metal by an organic solvent (methyl-isobutylketone). The methodology used included (a) multiple correspondence analysis applied to soil data to obtain some factors that summarize geochemical information, (b) a structural analysis (variography) in order to account for spatial variability of these factors, and (c) factorial kriging analysis used to split these factors into their spatial components. This methodology allowed an efficient multi-element characterization of the spatial patterns as well as the identification and interpretation of significant anomalies, not always associated to Au-bearing geological structures.     

论氢化物的形成及其在分析测试领域的应用

论述了氢化物形成的普遍性、氢化物的物理化学性质、元素周期系各类元素的氢化物类型。认为一些金属离子、非金属离子在酸性介质中与硼氢化钾（钠）作用及金属锌等强还原剂作用生成氢化物。综述了氢化物的形成在分析测试领域的应用：试样分解、分离富集、容量分析、光度分析、原子光谱分析、质谱分析。     

新型氢化物发生技术--可移动还原床氢化物发生器Ⅲ. 作为毛细管区带电泳-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱的接口用于砷的形态分析

发展了一种新型的氢化物发生装置———可移动还原床氢化物发生器（ＭＲＢＨＧ）。应用该技术可将经毛细管区带电泳（ＣＺＥ）分离之后的各种砷的化合物转换为相应的氢化物,然后再被引入到电感耦合等离子体发射光谱（ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ）进行检测。对不同形态砷的不同化合物的ＣＺＥ分离条件进行了优化,包括缓冲溶液的ｐＨ值及浓度、进样量等。ＣＺＥ－ＭＲＢＨＧ－ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ应用于４种砷化合物的定量测定,峰面积的ＲＳＤ（ｎ＝５）在１．９％～１１．７％。４种砷的浓度检出限分别为：Ａｓ（Ⅲ）、甲胂酸和Ａｓ（Ⅴ）０．３２ｍｇ／Ｌ,二甲胂酸钠０．３５ｍｇ／Ｌ     

氢化物——无色散原子荧光法测定地质样品中微量硒及碲

在过去的报告中,我们曾详细地报导了有关氢化物——无色散原子荧光光谱法的实验技术及有关装置。目前,我们已将这个方法应用于化探样品中测定微量砷、锑及铋。两年来,在我们的实验室中已分析了近三万个样品。方法简便、快速。     

Geochemistry of environmentally sensitive trace elements in Permian coals from the Huainan coalfield, Anhui, China

To study the geochemical characteristics of 11 environmentally sensitive trace elements in the coals of the Permian Period from the Huainan coalfield, Anhui province, China, borehole samples of 336 coals, two partings, and four roof and floor mudstones were collected from mineable coal seams. Major elements and selected trace elements were determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry (HAAS). The depositional environment, abundances, distribution, and modes of occurrence of trace elements were investigated. Results show that clay and carbonate minerals are the principal inorganic constituents in the coals. A lower deltaic plain, where fluvial channel systems developed successively, was the likely depositional environment of the Permian coals in the Huainan coalfield. All major elements have wider variation ranges than those of Chinese coals except for Mg and Fe. The contents of Cr, Co, Ni, and Se are higher than their averages for Chinese coals and world coals. Vertical variations of trace elements in different formations are not significant except for B and Ba. Certain roof and partings are distinctly higher in trace elements than underlying coal bench samples. The modes of occurrence of trace elements vary in different coal seams as a result of different coal-forming environments. Vanadium, Cr, and Th are associated with aluminosilicate minerals, Ba with carbonate minerals, and Cu, Zn, As, Se, and Pb mainly with sulfide minerals.     

在线双管氢化AAS测定As,Sb和Bi的最佳条件

在线双管氢化AAS法是一种新的原子吸收氢化光谱法 ,具有简便、快速、灵敏度高和硼氢化钾用量少的优点。采用正交试验设计法对在线双管氢化AAS法测定低含量As、Sb和Bi的测定条件进行了系统的研究 ,确定了乙炔流量、燃烧器高度、硼氢化钾浓度和溶液酸度的最佳测定条件。在最佳条件下对实际样品土壤GSS -5、水系沉积物GSD -11、钨矿石GSO -W -1和GSO -W -2中As ,Sb ,Bi的含量进行了测定 ,测定的结果较准确 ,RSD <3 .2 6%。     

Trace Element Determination by ICP‐AES and ICP‐MS: Developments and Applications Reported During 2006 and 2007

This review describes developments in trace element determination using inductively coupled plasma‐atomic emission spectrometry (ICP‐AES) and inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS) that were reported in 2006 and 2007. It focuses on the application of ICP techniques to geological and environmental samples; fundamental studies in ICP‐MS and ICP‐AES instrumentation have largely been ignored. New advances in ICP‐MS and ICP‐AES were incremental over this period, partly because both techniques are now well‐established. A continuing shift towards the hyphenation of low‐flow separation techniques has sparked activity in the development of appropriate low‐flow interfaces, and papers discussing interference removal also contribute significantly to the volume of research for both ICP‐AES and ICP‐MS. Whereas the majority of new ICP publications concerned advances in ICP‐MS analysis rather than ICP‐AES, development for ICP‐AES still occurs in almost all areas, particularly in sample introduction and hyphenated techniques.     

环境样品中钼的测定方法进展

根据多年来国内对钼的测定方法的研究报道,对环境样品中钼的主要测定方法进行总结,常用方法有分光光度法、催化极谱法、原子吸收分光光度法、ICP—AES法及ICP-MS等,分析了它们的优缺点,有利于选择适宜的测定方法。