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1.
甲基卡伟晶岩型稀有金属矿田是我国规模最大的稀有金属矿田,No.528号脉是矿田中最具代表性的铌钽矿脉,围岩接触变质带发育较好。本次研究垂直No.528号脉走向布置了1条穿越两侧变质带及矿体的剖面,采用连续捡块法采集了8件围岩蚀变岩石进行了稀有元素分析,并采用LA-ICP-MS对堇青石、白云母、黑云母等主要接触变质矿物进行了单矿物微区分析。结果表明,接触变质岩中Li、Cs、Rb等稀有金属元素含量较高,Li2O平均值达到了伴生稀有金属综合利用的边界品位,可以进行综合利用。Li等稀有元素主要以类质同象的形成赋存于新生白云母及黑云母之中,是引起接触变质岩石稀有元素富集的主要原因。  相似文献   

2.
相山地区变质基底新认识及其原归属的对比研究   总被引:4,自引:3,他引:4  
在相山北部首次发现十字石片岩及堇青石片岩。根据随变质作用增强而出现的新变质矿物,将相山变质岩基底划分为绢云母千枚岩带、黑云母征 岩带、铝榴石片岩带和十字 石片岩带。提出并采用微量元素地球化学比值聚类分析方法,确认相山地区变质岩原岩不属震旦系,而与华在睡地块(古了南)的陈蔡群相当。  相似文献   

3.
相山地区变质基底新认识及其原岩归属的对比研究   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
在相山北部首次发现十字石片岩及堇青石片岩。根据随变质作用增强而出现的新变质矿物,将相山变质岩基底划分为绢云母千枚岩带、黑云母片岩带、铁铝榴石片岩带和十字石片岩带。获得相山地区黑云母片岩-十字石片岩的Rb-Sr等时线年龄值为719Ma,斜长角闪片岩的Rb-Sr等时线年龄值为726.6Ma,表明相山基底变质岩属新元古期变质岩而不是加里东期变质岩。提出并采用微量元素地球化学比值聚类分析方法,确认相山地区变质岩原岩不属震旦系,而与华夏地块(古陆)的陈蔡群相当。  相似文献   

4.
云母早已是工业生产稀碱金属的来源.在五十年代,美国从锂云母中提取铯、铷和锂;还有一些国家则从铁锂云母或锂云母贫矿石中用化学冶炼方法直接提取这些元素.远在三十年代,赫斯和费赫就确定了美国南达科塔伟晶岩中的黑云母含铯非常高(Cs_2O 3.12%).作者于五十年代初,在研究某些稀有金属花岗伟晶岩时多次遇到产于含角闪石岩石中的岩脉,在其外按触带上次生黑云母广泛发育.黑云母化很久前就是一种可靠的找矿标志,尤其是在详细勘探阶段更是如此.但是,只是在近几年,随着从矿物原料中提取稀有元素的化学冶炼方法的发展,铯黑云母才引起了人们的注意,它可能成为稀碱金属的来源.近来,在苏联欧洲部分和西伯利亚发现了几个  相似文献   

5.
【研究目的】 澜沧岩群一直存在较大争议,查明澜沧岩群的物质组成、构造属性、时代及变质变形特征具有重要的意义,为进一步重建特提斯的时空格架提供重要的基础资料。【研究方法】 在1∶5万详细野外调查的基础上,系统开展LA-MC-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学等综合研究。【研究结果】 查明了澜沧岩群的物质组成及变质变形特征,具有基质+块体的构造混杂岩特征,经历了3期变质变形,整体表现为逆冲推覆-增生造山的构造变形样式。通过碎屑锆石、变酸性岩锆石U-Pb年代学研究,结合已有的研究资料,厘定其形成时代为早古生代。澜沧岩群中高压变质岩的原岩具有岩浆弧、OIB和E-MORB的特征,说明澜沧岩群经历了深俯冲、增生造山作用过程。【结论】 结合区域已有的研究资料及本文研究成果,认为澜沧岩群不是基底岩系,而是昌宁—孟连原-古特提斯洋俯冲消减形成的早古生代增生杂岩。  相似文献   

6.
研究目的】乐开铅锌矿床是近些年黔西北铅锌矿集区内新发现的矿床之一,与该矿集区内铅锌矿床主要受NW向断裂控制有所不同,乐开铅锌矿床严格受NE向断褶构造控制,与滇东北矿集区铅锌矿床具有一致的成矿地质条件。该研究对黔西北乐开地区乃至川滇黔接壤区铅锌矿深部找矿具有重要的指示意义。【研究方法】主要包括构造精细解析和构造地球化学等方法。【研究结果】该区控矿构造型式为典型的“多字型”和“入字型”,并划分出3种构造组合,分别代表4种不同的构造体系:海西期—印支中期(早SN构造带)、印支晚期—燕山早期(NE构造带)、燕山中晚期(NW构造带)及喜马拉雅期(晚SN构造带)。断裂构造岩主要表现为低温成矿阶段的前缘晕元素组合(Sb-As-Hg)、中温成矿阶段的近矿晕元素组合(Zn-Pb-Cd)与中高温成矿阶段的尾晕元素组合(In-Sn-Ni-Cu)。【结论】NE构造带为该矿床的成矿构造体系,推断成矿流体在平面上自SW向NE向运移,提出矿区深部6个定位找矿靶区。  相似文献   

7.
出露于南内华达McCullough地区元古界混合的副片麻岩,由堇青石+铁铝榴石+黑云母+矽线石+斜长石+钾长石+石英+磁铁矿+铁尖晶石组成。这种共生组合是指示角闪岩-麻粒岩变质级上的低压相系列,结构记录了一次包括消耗黑云母和矽线石情况下,堇青石重结晶作用的单独变质事件。作用石榴石、黑云母、堇青石、铁尖晶石和斜长石之间的阳离子交换温度计,产生了一个可取的590~750℃的温度范围和0.3~0.5GPa的压力范围。黑云母、矽线石、石英、石榴石和钾长石之间的平衡,记录了a_(H_2o)为0.03~0.26。低的a_(H_2o)和低的fo_2一起,以及堇青石的光学性质指出变质作用是在无流体条件下进行的。目前所保存的矿物成分同熔体相的平衡并不一致,较早的有限的部分熔融显然是广泛的,并足以引起泥质岩共生组合的脱水作用。 Mccullough地区副片麻岩比较低的压力伴随着高级变质作用,说明这个地体与其它造山带中的黑云母-堇青石-石榴石麻粒岩有关联。在南Cordillera,这次元古代变质事件的部分期间内,封闭压力和温度至少50℃/km的暂短而明显的热梯度。  相似文献   

8.
李永森  韩同林 《地质论评》1980,26(2):121-128
众所周知,侵入岩体围岩接触变质的研究,有着重要的理论和实际意义。有关花岗伟晶岩围岩接触变质带的研究,一般仅限于对花岗伟晶岩脉旁宽度不大的电气石云英岩化蚀变带进行一般性描述。本区的花岗伟晶岩,除电气石云英岩化蚀变带外,还发育有宽度很大,类型特殊的堇青石接触变质带。它的重要意义在于不但可以指示与该区花岗伟晶岩成因有关的隐伏矿体的存在,同时根据堇青石变质带本身的特征,还可以大致预测花岗伟晶岩的类型、产状、规模、埋藏深度及其主要矿化特征、矿化程度等。显然,它可以为区内发现隐伏花岗伟晶岩矿体,寻找与本区相类似地质特征的花岗伟晶岩矿床,提供极为宝贵和可靠的资料。  相似文献   

9.
大港含锂瓷石矿床产于宜丰钽铌锂稀有金属成矿带甘坊花岗岩岩体内,属典型的含锂云母碱长花岗岩型矿床。含锂瓷石矿体厚度21.62~148.88 m,其中w(Al2O3)为15.38%~23.97%,w(Li2O)为0.30%~1.06%,同时伴生Rb、Cs、Ta、Nb等稀有金属。矿石矿物组成为钠长石、锂云母或锂白云母,白度达80%以上。化学组成上,表现出富硅,贫铁、镁、钛,高磷的特征;铝饱和指数A/CNK值大于1.20,Zr/Hf比值(< 12)与Nb/Ta比值(< 2)极低,表明具有高分异的过铝质S型花岗岩特性。由构造环境判别图解可知,大港含锂云母碱长花岗岩应形成于同碰撞或后碰撞早期阶段的伸展构造背景下,极低的CaO/Na2O比值(< 0.2),指示岩体的源区应为富黏土矿物的变质泥质岩。  相似文献   

10.
研究目的】通过查明理塘地区拉扎嘎山花岗闪长岩的年龄、地球化学特征,探讨花岗闪长岩形成的时代、成因及构造背景,为研究甘孜—理塘洋盆俯冲增生构造演化过程提供依据。【研究方法】选取甘孜—理塘蛇绿混杂岩带俯冲增生楔内花岗闪长岩,系统开展岩相学、LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学和岩石地球化学研究。【研究结果】花岗闪长岩含有大量的角闪石、黑云母等铁镁矿物,局部见大量的闪长质包体和围岩捕掳体。岩体形成于晚三叠世((207.2±1.5) Ma),岩石属I型钙碱性准铝质花岗岩类,具富集大离子亲石元素Rb、Ba、K、Th、U,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、P、Zr、Ti,显示轻稀土富集、重稀土亏损的右倾式配分模式,具有Eu的负异常,是典型的火山弧型花岗岩。【结论】结合区域地质资料及本文研究成果,认为四川理塘地区拉扎嘎山花岗闪长岩与甘孜—理塘洋向西俯冲致使中咱地块东缘增生楔不断扩大密切相关,是增生楔杂岩熔融成不同类型岩浆混合的产物。创新点:四川理塘地区拉扎嘎山花岗岩形成于晚三叠世,具典型的火山弧型花岗岩地球化学特征,形成于甘孜—理塘洋西向俯冲致使增生楔杂岩熔融,为甘孜—理塘洋俯冲增生构造演化提供了新的证据。  相似文献   

11.
Experiments at 750 °C, 200 MPa(H2O), a (H2O)=1, and fO2∼Ni-NiO established that the equilibrium among tourmaline, biotite, cordierite, and melt (± spinel, aluminosilicate, or corundum) occurs with ∼2 wt% B2O3 in strongly peraluminous melt with an aluminosity, measured by the parameter ASI, of >1.2. The experiments demonstrate the relationship of tourmaline stability to the activity product of the tourmaline components boron and aluminum, which are inversely related to one another. Tourmaline is unstable in metaluminous to mildly peraluminous melts (ASI <1.2) at 750 °C regardless of their boron content. For a given aluminosity, addition of components such as F requires a greater boron content of melt at this equilibrium. The stability of tourmaline increases with decreasing temperatures below 750 °C. At the inception of melting, tourmaline breaks down incongruently to assemblages containing crystalline AFM silicates (biotite, cordierite, garnet, sillimanite), aluminates (spinel, corundum), and B-enriched but Fe-Mg-poor melt. Granitic melts are likely to be undersaturated in tourmaline from the start of their crystallization, and their initial boron contents will be limited by the abundance of tourmaline in their source rocks. Quartzofeldspathic (gneissic, metapelitic) rocks that reached conditions of the granulite facies and still contain (prograde) tourmaline are rare, and probably have never yielded a partial melt. Most leucogranitic magmas will initially crystallize biotite, cordierite, or garnet, but not tourmaline. With crystallization, the Fe-Mg content of melt decreases, and the B2O3 content increases until the tourmaline-biotite and/or tourmaline-cordierite (or garnet) equilibria are attained. The B2O3 content of melt is buffered as long as these equilibria continue to operate, but low initial Fe-Mg contents of the magmas limit the quantity of boron that can be consumed by these reactions to <1 wt% B2O3. Normally, leucogranitic magmas contain insufficient Fe and Mg to conserve all boron as tourmaline and thus lose a large fraction of magmatic boron to wallrocks. Leucogranites and pegmatites with tourmaline as an early and only AFM silicate mineral probably contained >2 wt% B2O3 in their bulk magmas. Received: 6 August 1996 / Accepted: 21 July 1997  相似文献   

12.
The compositions of biotite and muscovite were examined in terms of the paragenesis and the metamorphic grade in low- to medium-grade pelitic rocks of the Ryoke metamorphism in the Yanai district, southwest Japan. The biotite and muscovite that coexist with K-feldspar have a higher K component in an A'KF diagram than those in rocks lacking K-feldspar. This fact reflects an increase in the K2O content in muscovite, but in biotite it reflects an increase of not only the K2O content but also of the octahedral vacancy.
At higher metamorphic grade beyond the cordierite isograd, where cordierite coexists with neither chlorite nor K-feldspar, the biotite shows an increase in illite, K Aliv □xii−1 Si−1, and Tschermak components, Alvi Aliv R+−1 Si−1, where □xii and R+ denote the interlayer vacancy and (Fe+Mg+Mn), respectively. A reaction to define the cordierite isograd is proposed by treating this chemical change as being responsible for the first appearance of cordierite, i.e. K,Al-poor biotite+phengitic muscovite=K,Al-rich biotite+cordierite+quartz+water .By treating this as a key reaction in medium-grade metamorphism, a set of reaction in a progressive metamorphism is established for the Ryoke metamorphism, a typical low-pressure type metamorphism. Some textures in one of the high-grade areas, the K-feldspar-cordierite zone, suggest that a further two prograde reactions have taken place, i.e. andalusite+biotite+quartz=cordierite+K-feldspar+water
and   andalusite=sillimanite.quartz=cordierite+K-feldspar+water
This implies that this zone probably has a P–T  path involving isobaric heating.  相似文献   

13.
锂铍金属是世界关键金属资源,矿床类型多样,成矿作用发生在大陆地壳。但大陆地壳中锂铍元素的迁移-循环规律及不同锂铍矿床间的成因联系尚不清楚。本文系统地总结与梳理了大陆地壳结构与物质循环特征和不同类型锂铍金属矿床间的成因联系,提出大陆地壳锂铍循环-成矿系统的概念与模型,并将大陆地壳锂铍的迁移与循环划分为四个过程:变质过程、深熔过程、花岗岩浆过程、花岗质岩浆岩风化、淋滤与蚀变的浅-表生过程。沉积岩中锂铍元素在变质过程中可富集到一些变质矿物中,一些富锂铍黏土矿物也在变质过程转变成新的富锂铍变质矿物(如绿泥石、云母与堇青石);地壳深熔过程使得锂铍元素从变质矿物中释放出来并聚集在花岗岩浆中,麻粒岩相深熔(如黑云母脱水熔融与堇青石分解熔融)可能是锂铍大规模成矿的主要熔融方式;绝大多数锂铍矿床与花岗岩浆及其岩浆岩有关,是花岗岩浆与花岗质岩浆岩在不同演化阶段与不同方式富集成矿的结果;浅-表生过程对锂铍花岗岩-伟晶岩和流纹岩与流纹质凝灰岩的物理化学改造,可形成盐湖卤水型锂矿床、黏土型锂矿床以及各种次生锂铍矿床。变质过程中锂铍的迁移与富集机制,大型-超大型花岗岩-伟晶岩型锂铍矿床形成条件与关键控制因素等问题,是亟待研究与思考的科学问题。  相似文献   

14.
A petrological and thermobarometric study of the Lago Teleccio hornfelses was undertaken to reconstruct the polymetamorphic evolution and constrain the P–T conditions of Permian contact metamorphism. The Lago Teleccio metasedimentary rocks record a Variscan regional metamorphism characterized by amphibolite facies mineral assemblages including quartz, plagioclase, K‐feldspar (Kfs 1), biotite, garnet (Grt 1) and staurolite; this was followed by a late‐Variscan mylonitization event. Metamorphism of the Variscan metamorphic rocks at the contact with a Permian granitic intrusion produced static recrystallization and/or new growth of quartz, garnet (Grt 2), plagioclase, K‐feldspar (Kfs 2), cordierite, green spinel, biotite and prismatic sillimanite (Contact 1). This thermal event, which occurred at a peak pressure of 0.23–0.35 GPa, temperature of 670–700 °C and aH2O of 0.751, was followed either during post‐contact metamorphism cooling or, more likely, during the early‐Alpine metamorphism by the breakdown of cordierite into an anhydrous kyanite + orthopyroxene + quartz assemblage. The poorly developed early‐Alpine eclogite facies metamorphism (Alpine 1) was characterized by relatively anhydrous mineral associations and low strain, which locally produced coronitic and pseudomorphous microstructures in metasedimentary rocks, with scanty formation of jadeite, zoisite and a new high‐pressure garnet (Grt 3). Greenschist facies retrogression (Alpine 2) was characterized by the local development of a chlorite‐ and muscovite‐bearing mineral association, suggestive of aqueous fluid incursion. In the hornfelses, the limited extent of metamorphic overprinting is suggested by the fine grain size of the Alpine mineral associations, which formed at the expense of the Permian contact metamorphic associations, and was favoured by the anhydrous mineralogy of the hornfelses.  相似文献   

15.
[研究目的]通过查明大兴安岭乌拉盖地区火山岩的年龄、地球化学特征,探讨火山岩形成的时代、成因及构造背景,为研究大兴安岭南部地区的岩浆活动和构造演化过程提供依据.[研究方法]选取大兴安岭乌拉盖地区满克头鄂博组火山岩,系统开展LA-MC-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学和岩石地球化学研究.[研究结果]研究区满克头鄂博组火山岩...  相似文献   

16.
During the Late Palaeozoic Variscan Orogeny, Cambro‐Ordovician and/or Neoproterozoic metasedimentary rocks of the Albera Massif (Eastern Pyrenees) were subject to low‐pressure/high‐temperature (LPHT) regional metamorphism, with the development of a sequence of prograde metamorphic zones (chlorite‐muscovite, biotite, andalusite‐cordierite, sillimanite and migmatite). LPHT metamorphism and magmatism occurred in a broadly compressional tectonic regime, which started with a phase of southward thrusting (D1) and ended with a wrench‐dominated dextral transpressional event (D2). D1 occurred under prograde metamorphic conditions. D2 started before the P–T metamorphic climax and continued during and after the metamorphic peak, and was associated with igneous activity. P–T estimates show that rocks from the biotite‐in isograd reached peak‐metamorphic conditions of 2.5 kbar, 400 °C; rocks in the low‐grade part of the andalusite‐cordierite zone reached peak metamorphic conditions of 2.8 kbar, 535 °C; rocks located at the transition between andalusite‐cordierite zone and the sillimanite zone reached peak metamorphic conditions of 3.3 kbar, 625 °C; rocks located at the beginning of the anatectic domain reached peak metamorphic conditions of 3.5 kbar, 655 °C; and rocks located at the bottom of the metamorphic series of the massif reached peak metamorphic conditions of 4.5 kbar, 730 °C. A clockwise P–T trajectory is inferred using a combination of reaction microstructures with appropriate P–T pseudosections. It is proposed that heat from asthenospheric material that rose to shallow mantle levels provided the ultimate heat source for the LPHT metamorphism and extensive lower crustal melting, generating various types of granitoid magmas. This thermal pulse occurred during an episode of transpression, and is interpreted to reflect breakoff of the underlying, downwarped mantle lithosphere during the final stages of oblique continental collision.  相似文献   

17.
Rocks of the Snake Creek Anticline are mainly pelitic schists, psammitic schists and quartzites that were metamorphosed during multiple high‐T/low‐P events extending from D1 to D5, with the metamorphic peak occurring late to post‐D3. Albitites are widespread, but are concentrated in five areas. They are typically fine‐ to medium‐grained, and consist of albite, with or without combinations of quartz, biotite, staurolite, cordierite, garnet, andalusite, sillimanite, kyanite, gedrite and tourmaline. From the presence or absence of albite inclusions in porphyroblasts, the albitites are interpreted as forming early in the D3 event as a result of infiltration of external fluids. Psammitic schists and quartzites were preferentially altered, but pelitic schists were also albitized in localities where the alteration was more extreme, with the replacement of muscovite total and the replacement of quartz and biotite variable. Structural controls on albitization include fracturing and syn‐D3 shear zones in fold hinges. Biotite schists with abundant porphyroblasts (combinations of staurolite, garnet, andalusite and cordierite) occur adjacent to albitites, and it is argued that they formed by the addition of Fe and Mg sourced from the albitites. In several albitite‐rich areas, cordierite grew early in D3 and was partly or entirely replaced during or after D3 by combinations of biotite, andalusite, tourmaline, staurolite and sillimanite. A postulated P–T–d path involved an increase in pressure (with or without a decrease in temperature) subsequent to early D3 albitization, followed by an increase in temperature up to the metamorphic peak (late D3 to early D4. The metamorphism was contemporary in part with the emplacement of the Williams Batholith (c. 1550–1500 Ma), which probably supplied the Na‐rich fluids.  相似文献   

18.
山西省中条山铜矿田电气石与电气石岩的研究   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4       下载免费PDF全文
本文通过对中条山铜矿田电气石和电气石岩地质产状、岩相学和矿物学、矿物化学等特征的研究,指出本区有三种成因类型的电气石:(1)北峪酸性侵入体岩浆期后热液成因电气石;(2)中条群地层中变质热液形成的电气石;(3)赋矿岩石和近矿围岩中热液蚀变电气石。第(3)类电气石具有特征的产状、矿物化学和矿物共生组合标型,是重要的找矿标志  相似文献   

19.
Tourmaline is the principal repository of boron in crustal rocks and therefore useful for tracing B-cycling during prograde dehydration and retrogression of supracrustal rocks. Here, we use the major-trace element, and B isotope composition of tourmaline from schists, quartzites, and tourmaline-quartz veins of the Gangpur Schist Belt in eastern India to constrain the source of boron and the physicochemical evolution of B-rich fluids during prograde dehydration metamorphism. Tourmaline growth and re-equilibration in rocks of the Gangpur Schist Belt was a multi-stage process involving several fluid sources. The δ11B varies between ?6‰ and ?18‰, indicating a dominantly continental source for boron. Tourmaline in schists, quartzites, and tourmaline-quartz veins grew over a wide range of P-T conditions and record multiple episodes of metamorphic dehydration between ca. 1.6 Ga and ca. 0.95Ga. The tourmaline in tourmaline-quartz veins and quartzites has lighter B-isotope composition, typical of continental detritus, while those in the schists and quartzites record pelite-dehydration signature with values decreasing gradually from ca. ?12‰ in the cores to ca. ?17‰ in the rims. Heavier isotopic compositions (δ11B of ca. ?6‰) measured in some grains in the pelites and quartzites indicate boron contribution from meta?carbonate sources. The mixing of a heavier B-rich metacarbonate-derived fluid with pelite-derived metamorphic fluids could explain the lower B-isotope values in such tourmaline. The study also attempts to constrain the controls on the intake of trace elements in tourmaline. The results suggest that the partitioning of Mn, Y, V, Co and Ti in tourmaline is affected by the growth of porphyroblast phases such as garnet, staurolite, and biotite, while Li, Sr, Zn and Sn reflect the signature of the metamorphic fluid.  相似文献   

20.
Meta-graywacke and meta-argillite of Archean age near Yellowknife contain biotite, cordierite, gedrite and sillimanite isograds towards the Sparrow Lake granite pluton. The chemistry of biotite, cordierite, gedrite and garnet in rocks that up-grade from the cordierite isograd indicate a small range of chemical composition, particularly with reference to Mg, Fe and Mn. The analyses show further that among the coexisting ferromagnesian minerals Fe/Fe+ Mg ratio decreases in the sequence: garnet, gedrite, biotite, cordierite while Mn/Fe+Mg+Mn ratio decreases in the sequence garnet, gedrite, cordierite, biotite. The same order is also observed in the distribution diagrams. The regular distribution of Mg, Fe and Mn among the coexisting phases demonstrate that chemical equilibrium was attained and preserved in these Archean rocks. Mg-Fe distribution between cordierite and biotite appears to be dependent on the temperature of crystallization or metamorphic grade.  相似文献   

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