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内蒙古中段蛇绿岩特征及地质意义 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在内蒙古中段的中朝古板块与西伯利亚古板块之间,发育了许多大小不等、呈NEE向断续延伸的蛇绿岩块。本文对蛇绿岩的层序、岩石组合、矿物成分、岩石化学特征、形成时代及构造环境进行了系统的描述。其中北部的索伦山-贺根山蛇绿岩带,位于西伯利亚古板块南侧,延伸达600km,上部被下二叠统砾岩所不整合覆盖,并在灰岩和硅质岩中分别产有中石炭世化石及中-晚泥盆世放射虫、珊瑚化石,表明它形成于晚古生代。而南部的温都尔庙-柯单山蛇绿岩带,断续延长约340km,位于中朝古板块的北缘,在硅质岩中产放射虫、软舌螺、介形虫等化石,还测得枕状熔岩之Rb-Sr年龄为630Ma,证明其时代为早寒武-中奥陶世。上述大型蛇绿岩带是古板块俯冲作用的结果,是确定洋壳与陆壳碰撞(或对接)位置及时代的重要证据。此外,一些小的蛇绿岩块则是区域性逆冲断层发育的伴生产物。 相似文献
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青海祁连县大红沟蛇绿混杂岩特征及形成机制 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
大红沟蛇绿岩是北祁连山露最为完整的蛇绿岩,不仅变质超基性岩、超镁铁-镁铁堆积岩系、辉绿岩墙群及熔岩出露齐全,而且混杂岩带内弧前海沟复埋石堆积、浊流-滑塌堆积在空间上有序递变,构成蛇绿岩底部的变质超基性岩-超镁铁质堆积岩系沿断裂呈脉状底辟式侵入海沟地带的红色浊流-滑塌堆积内。该蛇绿岩具有N型MORB特征,形成于类似红海向大西洋过渡的狭窄小洋盆,其形成机制为:在斜向汇聚阶段,尚未冲下去的洋壳在海沟地带的软碰撞触点附近断裂成两部分,下部随柴达木板块继续向下俯冲,上部残留洋壳南北两端则分别向南部的被动陆缘和北部的岛弧仰冲,并整体发生反时针旋钮。志留纪末,强烈的侧向挤压抬升,造成蛇绿岩片向上逆冲推覆。 相似文献
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王博 舒良树 Cluzel D Faure M Charvet J 马前 吴华 徐兴旺莫新华梁光河程松林秦克章李 军张宝林王 杰肖骑彬 韩照举金长明李金祥 《中国地质》2006,33(3):498-508
石炭纪火山岩广泛分布于西天山伊犁陆块周缘,其岩性复杂,并大多与陆源碎屑岩伴生或互层。其中伊宁阿希、尼勒克和那拉提3个剖面的火山岩岩石地球化学特征显示,这些火山岩属于钙碱性系列,由玄武岩、粗玄岩、玄武质安山岩、玄武质粗面安山岩、安山岩、流纹岩、英安岩和粗面岩组成。稀土元素含量较高,轻稀土元素较重稀土元素富集。这些火山岩亏损高场强元素Nb,Ta,Zr等,而富集大离子亲石元素Th,Rb等,因而这些岩石的形成与板块俯冲有关。微量元素地球化学图解进一步表明,这些岩石形成于大陆岛弧环境。与之共生的早、中石炭世浅海—滨海相沉积地层以及伊犁陆块北缘巴音沟—莫托沙拉沟晚泥盆世—早石炭世蛇绿岩带的存在,表明伊犁陆块北缘在石炭纪时其环境为活动大陆边缘,石炭纪火山岩的形成可能与晚泥盆世—中石炭世早期北天山洋盆向南的俯冲作用有关。 相似文献
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新疆东昆仑鸭子泉蛇绿岩的基本特征及其大地构造意义 总被引:19,自引:2,他引:17
鸭子泉蛇绿岩位于新疆东昆仑祁漫塔格山系中部, 与阿尔金断裂平行产出, 由超基性岩、基性岩和拉斑玄武岩等组成。它侵位于早石炭世含放射虫的深海沉积物中, 可能代表了东昆仑祁漫塔格地区晚古生代的板块俯冲带。蛇绿岩可能来源于俯冲带附近的由小型扩张中心形成的次生洋壳, 之后由于消减作用, 侵位到深海沉积物中, 形成了造山带中的蛇绿岩。 相似文献
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内蒙古中段蛇绿岩特征及地质意义 总被引:18,自引:0,他引:18
在内蒙古中段的中朝古板块与西伯利亚古板之间,发育了许多大小不等,呈NEE向断续延伸的蛇绿岩块。本文对蛇绿岩的层序,岩石组合。矿物成分,岩石化学特征,形成时代及构造环境进行了系统的描述。其中北部的索伦山-贺根蛇绿岩带,位于西伯利亚古板块南侧,延伸达600km,上部被下二叠统砾岩所不整合覆盖,并在灰岩和硅质岩中分别产有中石炭世筵化石及中-晚泥盆世放射虫,珊瑚化石,表明它开成于晚古生代。而南部的温都尔庙 相似文献
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Rubn Díez Fernndez Ricardo Arenas Sonia Snchez Martínez Irene Novo‐Fernndez Richard Albert 《地学学报》2020,32(4):239-245
Within the Variscan Orogen, Early Devonian and Late Devonian high‐P belts separated by mid‐Devonian ophiolites can be interpreted as having formed in a single subduction zone. Early Devonian convergence nucleated a Laurussia‐dipping subduction zone from an inherited lithospheric neck (peri‐Gondwanan Cambrian back‐arc). Slab‐retreat induced upper plate extension, mantle incursion and lower plate thermal softening, favouring slab‐detachment within the lower plate and diapiric exhumation of deep‐seated rocks through the overlying mantle up to relaminate the upper plate. Upper plate extension produced mid‐Devonian suprasubduction ocean floor spreading (Devonian ophiolites), while further convergence resulted in plate coupling and intraoceanic ophiolite imbrication. Accretion of the remaining Cambrian ocean heralded Late Devonian subduction of inner sections of Gondwana across the same subduction zone and the underthrusting of mainland Gondwana (culmination of NW Iberian allochthonous pile). Oblique convergence favoured lateral plate sliding, and explained the different lateral positions along Gondwana of terranes separated by Palaeozoic ophiolites. 相似文献
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在现行板块构造理论的框架下,板块的初始俯冲是岩浆活动和构造运动发生转变的重要过程,亦是理解板块运动的关键节点。在俯冲起始过程中,主要存在四个方面的地质记录,分别为一系列地球化学成分多样的岩浆活动、SSZ型蛇绿岩、变质底板和玻安岩及其对应的铬铁矿床。特提斯造山带作为公认的研究板块构造理论尤其是初始俯冲的关键场所,一直备受地学界的重视。而土耳其南部构造带作为特提斯造山带的重要组成部分,亦是确定亚欧板块和阿拉伯板块之间缝合线存在的重要标志。该南部构造带是研究新特提斯洋俯冲起始的理想场所,上述关于俯冲初始的四个地质记录均保存良好,且有如下方面的重要特点:1)不同地区的镁铁质岩石甚至同一地区的镁铁质岩石具有不同的地球化学特征,从似洋中脊玄武岩,到过渡型岩石类型和玻安质岩石均有发育; 2)大部分蛇绿岩具有完整的序列,各单元及变质底板岩石中普遍发育侵入的基性岩脉,产状多变,是多期岩浆事件的产物; 3)蛇绿岩下部通常发育一套角闪岩相变质底板,且其年龄与蛇绿岩的形成年龄基本一致; 4)蛇绿岩中普遍发育铬铁矿床,以高Cr型为主,部分蛇绿岩中还赋存高Al-高Cr的过渡型铬铁矿,均被认为是幔源岩浆与地幔橄榄岩反应的产物。因而,这些地质体完整记录了新特提斯洋形成-俯冲-消减的演化过程。 相似文献
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<正> 大别山地区北西西—东西向古构造边界的研究,是在李春昱先生的热情指导和支持下进行的,通过大量实际资料充分地证明了在晋宁旋回期间,这里曾发生古华夏大洋板块向北的俯冲并消减到古中朝大陆板块之下,在大别山地区形成一条缝合线。在这条构造线上,有发育较好的蛇绿杂岩,成线型分布。它的南侧有蓝闪片岩相、榴辉岩相低温高压变质杂岩带。地球物理资料证明该区为一“阻隔”带。 相似文献
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蛇绿岩研究的最新进展 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:3
关于蛇绿岩的形成、定义和分类争论了近200年。早期蛇绿岩被认为是有成因联系的几种岩石的组合,发育在优地槽的核部。在板块构造中它被看作形成于洋脊的古洋壳残片。经过几十年的研究,发现导致蛇绿岩多样性的因素很多,一个新的定义和分类方案被提出。新定义强调了蛇绿岩形成的构造环境,认为在威尔逊旋回的各个阶段都会形成性质不同的蛇绿岩,并根据生成环境将蛇绿岩分为两大类,即与俯冲作用无关和与俯冲作用相关的蛇绿岩,两大类型还可以划分出不同的亚类。这些类型的蛇绿岩有其特有的地球化学、岩石学指标和内部结构。最近的研究还发现蛇绿岩产生的主要时段与全球超大陆的形成、裂解,以及巨型地幔柱活动的时间吻合。根据新分类方案,一部分前寒武纪绿岩应属于蛇绿岩,表明在太古宙时期地球已进入板块构造体制。新的定义和分类为蛇绿岩研究指出了新的方向。 相似文献
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北补连蛇绿岩的特征,形成环境及其构造意义 总被引:23,自引:4,他引:23
文中总结了北祁连蛇绿岩的特征,指出北祁连蛇绿岩大多具有MORB的性质,有玻安岩产生,形成在弧后和岛弧环境,北祁连蛇绿岩大多侵位在岛弧增生楔或活动陆缘地体之上,蛇绿岩属于科迪勒拉型,早古生代的北祁连造山带属于科迪勒拉型造山带,部分蛇绿岩之上整合产出一套沉积一火山岩系,称为蛇绿岩的上覆岩系,指出蛇绿岩及其上覆岩系的枕状熔岩分别来自不同的源区,具有不同的构造意义,还讨论了北祁连早古生代板块构造格局,认为 相似文献
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The ophiolitic rocks of Naga Hills-Andaman belt occur as rootless slices, gently dipping over the Paleogene flyschoid sediments,
the presence of blue-schists in ophiolite melange indicates an involvement of the subduction process. Subduction was initiated
prior to mid-Eocene as proved by the contemporaneous lower age limit of ophiolite-derived cover sediment as against the accreted
ophiolites and olistostromal trench sediment. During the late Oligocene terminal collision between the Indian and Sino-Burmese
blocks, basement slivers from the Sino-Burmese block, accreted ophiolites and trench sediments from the subduction zone were
thrust westward as nappe and emplaced over the down-going Indian plate. The geometry of the ophiolites and the presence of
a narrow negative gravity anomaly flanking their map extent, run counter to the conventional view that the Naga-Andaman belt
marks the location of the suture. The root-zone of the ophiolite nappe representing the suture is marked by a partially-exposed
eastern ophiolite belt of the same age and gravity-high zone, passing through central Burma-Sumatra-Java.
The ophiolites of the Andaman and Naga Hills are also conventionally linked with the subduction activity, west of Andaman
islands. This activity began only in late Miocene, much later than onland emplacement of the ophiolites; it further developed
west of the suture in its southern part. Post-collisional northward movement of the Indian plate subparallel to the suture,
also developed leaky dextral transcurrent faults close to the suture and caused Neogene-Quatemary volcanism in central Burma
and elsewhere. 相似文献
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《地学前缘(英文版)》2023,14(3):101553
Eight lines of evidence indicate that the Orosirian Period in mid-Paleoproterozoic time was characterized by plate tectonics: ophiolites, low T/P metamorphism including eclogites, passive margin formation, tall mountains, paleomagnetic constraints, ore deposits, abundant S-type granites, and seismic images of paleo-subduction zones. This plate tectonic episode occurred about 1 billion years earlier than the present plate tectonic episode began in Neoproterozoic time. The two plate tectonic episodes bracket the ‘Boring Billion’, which may have been a protracted single lid tectonic episode that began when the supercontinent Nuna or Columbia formed. Recognition of multiple lines of evidence for Orosirian plate tectonics demonstrates that Earth’s tectonic style can be reconstructed with some confidence back to at least Early Paleoproterozoic time, and thus the absence of compelling evidence for Mesoproterozoic plate tectonics is not obvious due to poor preservation. A tectono-magmatic lull ~2.3 Ga suggests an earlier episode of single lid tectonics. Evidence for two episodes of plate tectonics and two episodes of single lid tectonics indicates that Earth switched between single lid and plate tectonics multiple times during the last 2.4 Ga. 相似文献